This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics, AVR 2021, held in Italy, in September 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. The 38 full and 14 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 69 submissions. The papers discuss key issues, approaches, ideas, open problems, innovative applications and trends in virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, applications in cultural heritage, in medicine, in education, and in industry.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Statistical Language and Speech Processing, SLSP 2021, held in Cardiff, UK, in November 2021.The 9 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The papers present topics of either theoretical or applied interest discussing the employment of statistical models (including machine learning) within language and speech processing.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the international workshops co-located with the 16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 2021, held in Lausanne, Switzerland, in September 2021.The total of 59 full and 12 short papers presented in this book were carefully selected from 96 submissions and divided into two volumes. Part II contains 30 full and 8 short papers that stem from the following meetings: Workshop on Machine Learning (WML); Workshop on Open Services and Tools for Document Analysis (OST); Workshop on Industrial Applications of Document Analysis and Recognition (WIADAR); Workshop on Computational Paleography (IWCP); Workshop on Document Images and Language (DIL); Workshop on Graph Representation Learning for Scanned Document Analysis (GLESDO).

This book constitutes the proceedings of the international workshops co-located with the 16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 2021, held in Lausanne, Switzerland, in September 2021.The total of 59 full and 12 short papers presented in this book were carefully selected from 96 contributions and divided into two volumes. Part I contains 29 full and 4 short papers that stem from the following meetings: ICDAR 2021 Workshop on Graphics Recognition (GREC); ICDAR 2021 Workshop on Camera-Based Document Analysis and Recognition (CBDAR); ICDAR 2021 Workshop on Arabic and Derived Script Analysis and Recognition (ASAR 2021); ICDAR 2021 Workshop on Computational Document Forensics (IWCDF). The main topics of the contributions are document processing; physical and logical layout analysis; text and symbol recognition; handwriting recognition; signature verification and document forensics, and others. "Accurate Graphic Symbol Detection in Ancient Document Digital Reproductions" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This four-volume set of LNCS 12821, LNCS 12822, LNCS 12823 and LNCS 12824, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 2021, held in Lausanne, Switzerland in September 2021. The 182 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 340 submissions, and are presented with 13 competition reports. The papers are organized into the following topical sections: document analysis for literature search, document summarization and translation, multimedia document analysis, mobile text recognition, document analysis for social good, indexing and retrieval of documents, physical and logical layout analysis, recognition of tables and formulas, and natural language processing (NLP) for document understanding.

This four-volume set of LNCS 12821, LNCS 12822, LNCS 12823 and LNCS 12824, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 2021, held in Lausanne, Switzerland in September 2021. The 182 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 340 submissions, and are presented with 13 competition reports. The papers are organized into the following topical sections: historical document analysis, document analysis systems, handwriting recognition, scene text detection and recognition, document image processing, natural language processing (NLP) for document understanding, and graphics, diagram and math recognition.

This book provides an essential overview of the broad range of functional brain imaging techniques, as well as neuroscientific methods suitable for various scientific tasks in fundamental and clinical neuroscience. It also shares information on novel methods in computational neuroscience, mathematical algorithms, image processing, and applications to neuroscience. The mammalian brain is a huge and complex network that consists of billions of neural and glial cells. Decoding how information is represented and processed by this neural network requires the ability to monitor the dynamics of large numbers of neurons at high temporal and spatial resolution over a large part of the brain. Functional brain optical imaging has seen more than thirty years of intensive development. Current light-using methods provide good sensitivity to functional changes through intrinsic contrast and are rapidly exploiting the growing availability of exogenous fluorescence probes. In addition, various types of functional brain optical imaging are now being used to reveal the brain's microanatomy and physiology.

This book includes the proceedings of the second workshop on recommender systems in fashion and retail (2020), and it aims to present a state-of-the-art view of the advancements within the field of recommendation systems with focused application to e-commerce, retail, and fashion by presenting readers with chapters covering contributions from academic as well as industrial researchers active within this emerging new field. Recommender systems are often used to solve different complex problems in this scenario, such as product recommendations, or size and fit recommendations, and social media-influenced recommendations (outfits worn by influencers).

This book gives a broad overview of research on sound simulation driven by a variety of applications. Vibrating objects produce sound, which then propagates through a medium such as air or water before finally being heard by a listener. As a crucial sensory channel, sound plays a vital role in many applications. There is a well-established research community in acoustics that has studied the problems related to sound simulation for six decades. Some of the earliest work was motivated by the design of concert halls, theaters, or lecture rooms with good acoustic characteristics. These problems also have been investigated in other applications, including noise control and sound design for urban planning, building construction, and automotive applications. Moreover, plausible or realistic sound effects can improve the sense of presence in a virtual environment or a game. In these applications, sound can provide important clues such as source directionality and spatial size. The book first surveys various sound synthesis methods, including harmonic synthesis, texture synthesis, spectral analysis, and physics-based synthesis. Next, it provides an overview of sound propagation techniques, including wave-based methods, geometric-based methods, and hybrid methods. The book also summarizes various techniques for sound rendering. Finally, it surveys some recent trends, including the use of machine learning methods to accelerate sound simulation and the use of sound simulation techniques for other applications such as speech recognition, source localization, and computer-aided design.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams, Diagrams 2021, held virtually in September 2021. The 16 full papers and 25 short papers presented together with 16 posters were carefully reviewed and selected from 94 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: design of concrete diagrams; theory of diagrams; diagrams and mathematics; diagrams and logic; new representation systems; analysis of diagrams; diagrams and computation; cognitive analysis; diagrams as structural tools; formal diagrams; and understanding thought processes. 10 chapters are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Visualizations of virtual objects in the real environment is often done by a simplified representation with simple surfaces and without reference to the surrounding environment. The seamless fusion of the virtual and real environment is, however, an essential factor in many areas, which is of particular importance when calculating lighting in mixed realities on mobile devices. Current approaches focus on approximations, which allow the calculation of diffuse lighting, whereby the rendering of glossy reflection properties is often neglected. The aim of this book is to enable the visualization of mirror-like reflective surfaces in mixed reality. In order to achieve this goal, various approaches are explored enabling high-quality visualization of virtual objects in realtime with a focus on the use of common hardware such as cameras, sensors in mobile devices, and partially depth sensors. Complete ambient lighting can be estimated, which enables detailed reflections. The results provide a novel way to embed complex and simple geometric shapes with glossy surfaces in the real world which offers a higher level of detail in the reflections without using additional hardware.

Person re-identification is the problem of associating observations of targets in different non-overlapping cameras. Most of the existing learning-based methods have resulted in improved performance on standard re-identification benchmarks, but at the cost of time-consuming and tediously labeled data. Motivated by this, learning person re-identification models with limited to no supervision has drawn a great deal of attention in recent years. In this book, we provide an overview of some of the literature in person re-identification, and then move on to focus on some specific problems in the context of person re-identification with limited supervision in multi-camera environments. We expect this to lead to interesting problems for researchers to consider in the future, beyond the conventional fully supervised setup that has been the framework for a lot of work in person re-identification. Chapter 1 starts with an overview of the problems in person re-identification and the major research directions. We provide an overview of the prior works that align most closely with the limited supervision theme of this book. Chapter 2 demonstrates how global camera network constraints in the form of consistency can be utilized for improving the accuracy of camera pair-wise person re-identification models and also selecting a minimal subset of image pairs for labeling without compromising accuracy. Chapter 3 presents two methods that hold the potential for developing highly scalable systems for video person re-identification with limited supervision. In the one-shot setting where only one tracklet per identity is labeled, the objective is to utilize this small labeled set along with a larger unlabeled set of tracklets to obtain a re-identification model. Another setting is completely unsupervised without requiring any identity labels. The temporal consistency in the videos allows us to infer about matching objects across the cameras with higher confidence, even with limited to no supervision. Chapter 4 investigates person re-identification in dynamic camera networks. Specifically, we consider a novel problem that has received very little attention in the community but is critically important for many applications where a new camera is added to an existing group observing a set of targets. We propose two possible solutions for on-boarding new camera(s) dynamically to an existing network using transfer learning with limited additional supervision. Finally, Chapter 5 concludes the book by highlighting the major directions for future research.

PREVIOUS EDITIONThis textbook introduces the "Fundamentals of Multimedia", addressing real issues commonly faced in the workplace. The essential concepts are explained in a practical way to enable students to apply their existing skills to address problems in multimedia. Fully revised and updated, this new edition now includes coverage of such topics as 3D TV, social networks, high-efficiency video compression and conferencing, wireless and mobile networks, and their attendant technologies. Features: presents an overview of the key concepts in multimedia, including color science; reviews lossless and lossy compression methods for image, video and audio data; examines the demands placed by multimedia communications on wired and wireless networks; discusses the impact of social media and cloud computing on information sharing and on multimedia content search and retrieval; includes study exercises at the end of each chapter; provides supplementary resources for both students and instructors at an associated website.

This two-volume set of LNCS 12836 and LNCS 12837 constitutes - in conjunction with the volume LNAI 12838 - the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Intelligent Computing, ICIC 2021, held in Shenzhen, China in August 2021. The 192 full papers of the three proceedings volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 458 submissions. The ICIC theme unifies the picture of contemporary intelligent computing techniques as an integral concept that highlights the trends in advanced computational intelligence and bridges theoretical research with applications. The theme for this conference is "Advanced Intelligent Computing Methodologies and Applications." The papers are organized in the following subsections: Artificial Intelligence in Real World Applications, Biomedical Informatics Theory and Methods, Complex Diseases Informatics, Gene Regulation Modeling and Analysis, Intelligent Computing in Computational Biology, and Protein Structure and Function Prediction.

Inverse problems such as imaging or parameter identification deal with the recovery of unknown quantities from indirect observations, connected via a model describing the underlying context. While traditionally inverse problems are formulated and investigated in a static setting, we observe a significant increase of interest in time-dependence in a growing number of important applications over the last few years. Here, time-dependence affects a) the unknown function to be recovered and / or b) the observed data and / or c) the underlying process. Challenging applications in the field of imaging and parameter identification are techniques such as photoacoustic tomography, elastography, dynamic computerized or emission tomography, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, super-resolution in image sequences and videos, health monitoring of elastic structures, optical flow problems or magnetic particle imaging to name only a few. Such problems demand for innovation concerning their mathematical description and analysis as well as computational approaches for their solution.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 21st Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop, CLSW 2020, held in Hong Kong, China in May 2020.Due to COVID-19, the conference was held virtually. The 76 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 233 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: Lexical semantics and general linguistics, AI, Big Data, and NLP, Cognitive Science and experimental studies.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Applied Intelligence and Informatics, AII 2021, held in Nottingham, UK, in July 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held in a fully virtual mode. The 26 full papers and 4 short papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the total 107 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: application of AI and informatics in disease detection; application of AI and informatics in healthcare; application of AI and informatics in pattern recognition; application of AI and informatics in network, security, and analytics; emerging applications of AI and informatics.

This book explores various applications of deep learning to the diagnosis of cancer,while also outlining the future face of deep learning-assisted cancer diagnostics. As is commonly known, artificial intelligence has paved the way for countless new solutions in the field of medicine. In this context, deep learning is a recent and remarkable sub-field, which can effectively cope with huge amounts of data and deliver more accurate results. As a vital research area, medical diagnosis is among those in which deep learning-oriented solutions are often employed. Accordingly, the objective of this book is to highlight recent advanced applications of deep learning for diagnosing different types of cancer. The target audience includes scientists, experts, MSc and PhD students, postdocs, and anyone interested in the subjects discussed. The book can be used as a reference work to support courses on artificial intelligence, medical and biomedicaleducation.

This book constitutes refereed proceedings of the 4th Maple Conference, MC 2020, held in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, in November 2020. The 25 revised full papers and 3 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected out of 75 submissions, one invited paper is also presented in the volume. The papers included in this book cover topics in education, algorithms, and applciations of the mathematical software Maple.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Conference on Applications and Usability of Interactive Television, jAUTI 2020, in Aveiro, Portugal, in December 2020.* The 12 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on audiovisual content and experiences; design and development of iTV applications; iTV and videos in learning; iTV for the elderly; usability and UX evaluations.*Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online.

This book presents refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference Neural Computing for Advanced Applications, NCAA 2021, held in Guangzhou, China, in August, 2021. The 54 full papers papers were thorougly reviewed and selected from a total of 144 qualified submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on neural network theory, cognitive sciences, neuro-system hardware implementations, and NN-based engineering applications; machine learning, data mining, data security and privacy protection, and data-driven applications; neural computing-based fault diagnosis, fault forecasting, prognostic management, and system modeling; computational intelligence, nature-inspired optimizers, and their engineering applications; fuzzy logic, neuro-fuzzy systems, decision making, and their applications in management sciences; control systems, network synchronization, system integration, and industrial artificial intelligence; computer vision, image processing, and their industrial applications; cloud/edge/fog computing, the Internet of Things/Vehicles(IoT/IoV), and their system optimization; spreading dynamics, forecasting, and other intelligent techniques against coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

This book constitutes refereed proceedings of the 27th International Workshop on Frontiers of Computer Vision, IW-FCV 2021, held in Daegu, South Korea, in February 2021. The 17 full papers and 8 short papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The papers in the volume are organized according to the following topics: real-world applications; segmentation / object tracking; recognition; human behaviour; algorithm / application.

Over the last decades, the interior of cars has been constantly changing. A promising, yet unexplored, modality are large stereoscopic 3D (S3D) dashboards. Replacing the traditional car dashboard with a large display and applying binocular depth cues, such a user interface (UI) could provide novel possibilities for research and industry. In this book, the author introduces a development environment for such a user interface. With it, he performed several driving simulator experiments and shows that S3D can be used across the dashboard to support menu navigation and to highlight elements without impairing driving performance. The author demonstrates that S3D has the potential to promote safe driving when used in combination with virtual agents during conditional automated driving. Further, he present results indicating that S3D navigational cues improve take-over maneuvers in conditional automated vehicles. Finally, investigating the domain of highly automated driving, he studied how users would interact with and manipulate S3D content on such dashboards and present a user-defined gesture set.

The three-volume set CCIS 1419, CCIS 1420, and CCIS 1421 contains the extended abstracts of the posters presented during the 23rd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2021, which was held virtually in July 2021. The total of 1276 papers and 241 posters included in the 39 HCII 2021 proceedings volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 5222 submissions.The posters presented in these three volumes are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: HCI theory and methods; perceptual, cognitive and psychophisiological aspects of interaction; designing for children; designing for older people; design case studies; dimensions of user experience; information, language, culture and media. Part II: interaction methods and techniques; eye-tracking and facial expressions recognition; human-robot interaction; virtual, augmented and mixed reality; security and privacy issues in HCI; AI and machine learning in HCI. Part III: interacting and learning; interacting and playing; interacting and driving; digital wellbeing, eHealth and mHealth; interacting and shopping; HCI, safety and sustainability; HCI in the time of pandemic.