Das Konzept des Service Engineering, das Vorgehensweisen und Methoden fA1/4r die schnelle und effiziente Realisierung von Dienstleistungen bietet, findet zunehmend Verbreitung in der Praxis. Um die Verfahren mAglichst gewinnbringend einsetzen zu kAnnen, gilt es, den Dienstleistungsprozess auch durch geeignete Informationssysteme zu unterstA1/4tzen. Dieses Buch gibt einen fundierten Einblick in aktuelle softwaretechnische Konzepte und prAsentiert praktische Erfahrungen aus deren Anwendung bei Entwicklungsprojekten. Es richtet sich gleichermaAen an Praktiker in Dienstleistungsunternehmen und Affentlichen Verwaltungen sowie an Mitarbeiter produzierender Unternehmen, die ihr Dienstleistungsangebot systematisieren und ausbauen wollen.

This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the biannual meeting of the Classification and Data Analysis Group of Societa Italiana di Statistica, which was held in Rome, July 5-6, 1999. From the originally submitted papers, a careful review process led to the selection of 45 papers presented in four parts as follows: CLASSIFICATION AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING Cluster analysis Discriminant analysis Proximity structures analysis and Multidimensional Scaling Genetic algorithms and neural networks MUL TIV ARIA TE DATA ANALYSIS Factorial methods Textual data analysis Regression Models for Data Analysis Nonparametric methods SPATIAL AND TIME SERIES DATA ANALYSIS Time series analysis Spatial data analysis CASE STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES The International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS) is an agency for the dissemination of technical and scientific information concerning classification and data analysis in the broad sense and in as wide a range of applications as possible; founded in 1985 in Cambridge (UK) from the following Scientific Societies and Groups: British Classification Society -BCS; Classification Society of North America - CSNA; Gesellschaft fUr Klassifikation - GfKI; Japanese Classification Society -JCS; Classification Group of Italian Statistical Society - CGSIS; Societe Francophone de Classification -SFC. Now the IFCS includes also the following Societies: Dutch-Belgian Classification Society - VOC; Polish Classification Society -SKAD; Associayao Portuguesa de Classificayao e Analise de Dados -CLAD; Korean Classification Society -KCS; Group-at-Large.

These are the proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Cooperative Information Agents, held in Modena, Italy, September 6-8, 2001. Information agent technology has become one of the major key technologies for the Internet and the World Wide Web. It mainly emerged as a response to the challenges of cyberspace from both the technological and human user perspective. Development of information agents requires expertise from di?erent research disciplines such as Arti?cial Intelligence (AI), advanced databases and knowledge base systems, distributed information systems, information retrieval, and Human Computer Interaction (HCI). The ?fth international workshop on Cooperative Information Agents (CIA) continued the tradition by capturing the intrinsic interdisciplinary nature of the above research area by calling for contributions from di?erent research communities, and by promoting open and informative discussions on all related topics. In keeping with tradition, the workshop featured a sequence of regular and invited talks of excellence given by leading experts in the ?eld. This year the topics of the talks are mainly on the challenges of information agents in the upcoming age of ubiquitous and pervasive computing. These challenges are in particular due to the necessity of an e?cient utilization, evolution, and trust management of information agents for user-oriented information search, pro- sion, and visualization in networked computing environments with small, mobile, and embedded devices. A di?erent issue concerns the potential of agent-based support of massive distributed data warehousing worldwide.

This book documents the efforts undertaken by the EG AgentLink Special Interest Group on Agent Mediated Electronic Commerce, SIG AMEC.First and foremost, the book presents a roadmap of research and current technological development in the area of agent mediated electronic commerce. A particularly interesting part of this roadmap is the joint perspective on future developments.The book also contains a number of papers that fill in parts of this roadmap in a European context. Some of the papers present significant current R&D results while other papers indicate some clear directions for future research. The book is structured in topical sections on negotiation, markets, user preferences, and security.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Algorithm Engineering and Experimentation, ALENEX 2001, held in Washington, DC, USA in January 2001.The 15 revised full papers presented together with the abstracts of three invited presentations have gone through two rounds of reviewing and revision and were selected from 31 submissions. Among the topics addressed are heuristics for approximation, network optimization, TSP, randomization, sorting, information retrieval, graph computations, tree clustering, scheduling, network algorithms, point set computations, searching, and data mining.

This volume contains the proceedings of the First International Conference on Advances in Information Systems (ADVIS) held in Izmir (Turkey), 25{27 October, 2000. This conference was dedicated to the memory of Professor Esen Ozkarahan. He was great researcher who made an essential contribution to the development of information systems. This conference was organized by the Computer - gineering Department of Dokuz Eylul University of Izmir. This department was established in 1994 by the founding chairman Professor Ozkarahan and there he worked for the last ve years of his live. The main goal of the conference was to bring together researchers from all around the world working in di erent areas of information systems to share new ideas and to represent their latest results. We received 80 submissions from 30 countries. The Program Committee selected 44 papers for presentation at the conference. The invited and accepted contributions cover a large variety of topics: - neral aspects of information systems, data bases, data warehousing, computer networks, Internet technologies, content-based image retrieval, information - trieval, constraint programming and arti cial intelligence. The success of the conference was dependent upon the hard work of a large number of people. We gratefully acknowledge the members of the Program C- mittee who helped to coordinate the process of refereeing all submitted papers. We also thank all the other specialists who reviewed the papers.

This book constiutes the reviewed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cognitive Technology, CT 2001, helds in Warwick, UK in August 2001. The 36 revised full papers presented together with six invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The book offers topical sections on designing artefacts, cognition in robotic and virtual environments, presence in virtual environments, human activity and humnan computing, computing and people education in cognition, learning, narrative and story-telling, interfaces, cognitive dimensions, human work and communities, and human-technology relationship.

Sentiment analysis is the computational study of people's opinions, sentiments, emotions, moods, and attitudes. This fascinating problem offers numerous research challenges, but promises insight useful to anyone interested in opinion analysis and social media analysis. This comprehensive introduction to the topic takes a natural-language-processing point of view to help readers understand the underlying structure of the problem and the language constructs commonly used to express opinions, sentiments, and emotions. The book covers core areas of sentiment analysis and also includes related topics such as debate analysis, intention mining, and fake-opinion detection. It will be a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in natural language processing, computer science, management sciences, and the social sciences. In addition to traditional computational methods, this second edition includes recent deep learning methods to analyze and summarize sentiments and opinions, and also new material on emotion and mood analysis techniques, emotion-enhanced dialogues, and multimodal emotion analysis.

Among the many changes brought by the Internet is the emergence of electronic commerce over the Web. E-commerce activities, such as the online exchange of information, services, and products, are opening up completely new opportunities for business, at new levels of productivity and profitability. In parallel with the emergence of e-commerce, intelligent software agents as entities capable of independent action in open, unpredictable environments have matured into a promising new technology. Quite naturally, e-commerce agents hold great promise for exploiting the Internet's full potential as an electronic marketplace. The 20 coherently written chapters in this book by leading researchers and professionals present the state of the art in agent-mediated e-commerce. Researchers, professionals, and advanced students interested in e-commerce or agent technology will find this book an indispensable source of information and reference.

Das Buch zeigt, welche Potentiale sich f r Unternehmen durch eine konsequente Orientierung an den Kundenprozessen und einer kooperativen Zusammenarbeit zwischen Unternehmen ergeben. Eine wichtige Rolle nehmen dabei elektronische Dienstleister (sogenannte WebService-Anbieter) ein, die diese Kooperationsprozesse erst erm glichen oder die elektronischen Services viel effizienter erbringen als jedes einzelne Unternehmen im Netzwerkverbund, z.B. f r den Zahlungsverkehr und die Logistik. Dazu werden anhand anschaulicher Beispiele aus der Praxis methodische Vorschl ge zur Gestaltung des Kundenprozesses, zum Portaldesign und zur Kooperationsprozessanalyse und Out-tasking sowie Architekturen f r Kooperationsprozesse und WebServices entwickelt.

Wenn heute uber Informationstechnik in der offentlichen Verwaltung" geschr- ben oder geredet wird, geschieht dies meist im Kontext von Electronic Gove- ment," wobei diese Thematik dann auch noch haufig auf die Bereitstellung el- tronischer Burgerservices reduziert wird. Dabei hat die offentliche Verwaltung selbstverstandlich schon lange vor der Verbreitung des Internets massiven Gebrauch von der Informationstechnik - macht - nur blieb die Auseinandersetzung damit lange Zeit einem sehr kleinen Kreis von Praktikern und Wissenschaftlern vorbehalten. Ursachlich dafur war - niger der Wunsch nach Exklusivitat, sondern vor allem der Umstand, dass sich ausserhalb dieses Kreises kaum jemand fur das Thema erwarmen konnte. Im Zuge von E-Government hat sich diese Situation schlagartig geandert. Die Anzahl der Kongresse, Messen, Umfragen, Benchmarkings usw. zum Thema hat in den letzten Jahren zwar spurbar nachgelassen, doch nach wie vor wird E- Government von denen, die sich damit beschaftigen (und das sind heute noch - mer sehr viel mehr Personen als noch vor zehn Jahren), als zentrales Instrument zur Modernisierung des Behordenapparats angesehen. Inzwischen wissen wir aber auch, dass gerade strukturelle Veranderungen vielfach sehr schleppend verlaufen und die IT im offentlichen Sektor noch immer nicht die Durchschlagskraft" - reicht hat, die ihr vielfach zugeschrieben wurde und die angesichts der technischen Moglichkeiten auch ohne weiteres vorstellbar ist. Fur das eher zogerliche Aufgr- fen der mit moderner IT eroffneten Veranderungsoptionen gibt es zahlreiche Grunde, von denen in den nachfolgenden Beitragen immer wieder die Rede sein wird."

The book presents new results of computer-chess research in the areas of selective forward pruning, the efficient application of game-theoretical knowledge, and the behavior of the search at increasing depths. It shows how to make sophisticated game-tree searchers more scalable at ever higher depths. Throughout the whole book, the high-speed and master-strength chess program "DarkThought" serves as a realistic test vehicle to conduct numerous experiments at unprecedented search depths. The extensive experimental evaluations provide convincing empirical evidence for the practical usefulness of the presented techniques.

This volume contains a selection of manuscripts referring to lectures presented at the Symposium on Operations Research 1999 (SOR'99) held at the Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Sep- tember 1 -3, 1999. This international conference took place under the auspices of the German OR society (GOR), and it was the first one organized in Germany since the foundation of GOR by merger of the two predecessor societies (DGOR and GMOOR) in 1998. The Symposium had 420 participants from 22 countries around the world. It attracted academicians and practitioners working in various fields of Operations Research and provided them with the most recent developments and advances in the full spectrum of Operations Research and related areas in economics, mathematics, and computer science. The selection of contributions to SOR'99 accepted by the program committee and the invited pa- pers formed a program which consisted of 265 lectures in 19 sections, including 2 plenary and 19 semi plenary presentations. 119 manuscripts were submitted for publication in the proceedings vo- lume. Due to the page limit for this volume and in order to insure a high quality level of the OR Proceedings a further review procedure had to take place which was strongly supported by the sec- tion chairpersons. It resulted in a selection of 87 manuscripts which are now presented in this volume.

With the unprecedented growth-rate at which data is being collected and stored electronically today in almost all fields of human endeavor, the efficient extraction of useful information from the data available is becoming an increasing scientific challenge and a massive economic need. This book presents thoroughly reviewed and revised full versions of papers presented at a workshop on the topic held during KDD'99 in San Diego, California, USA in August 1999 complemented by several invited chapters and a detailed introductory survey in order to provide complete coverage of the relevant issues. The contributions presented cover all major tasks in data mining including parallel and distributed mining frameworks, associations, sequences, clustering, and classification. All in all, the volume presents the state of the art in the young and dynamic field of parallel and distributed data mining methods. It will be a valuable source of reference for researchers and professionals.

Der St. Galler Ansatz zum Business Knowledge Management f hrt Erfahrungen aus einer zunehmenden Anzahl von Praxisprojekten zusammen: Zahlreiche Fallstudien und Anwendungsbeispiele aus Telekommunikation, Finanzdienstleistung, Beratung und Industrie zeigen, wie Unternehmen durch Wissensmanagement sowohl ihre Kundenorientierung und Innovationsgeschwindigkeit als auch ihren Unternehmenswert erh hen. Das daraus abgeleitete Gesamtmodell setzt Wissensmanagement in Beziehung zu neuen Gesch ftsmodellen des Informationszeitalters. Es demonstriert, was neue Instrumente der F hrung und Wissensorganisation zur verbesserten Wissensentwicklung und -nutzung in Gesch ftsprozessen beitragen k nnen. "Knowledge Portals" erweitern die technologischen M glichkeiten des Wissensmanagements. Zwei Beitr ge identifizieren die wesentlichen Komponenten und beschreiben typische Praxisanwendungen von Knowledge Portals.

EDBT 2000 is the seventh conference in a series dedicated to the advancement of database technology. This year's conference special theme, \Connect Millions of Users and Data Sources," underscores the importance of databases for the information age that is dawning with the new millennium. The importance - rives not just from the observation that the information age essentially rests on theconvergenceofcommunications, computing, andstorage.Equallyimportant, many of the concepts and techniques underlying the success of databasesystems have independent meaning and impact for today's distributed information s- tems. The papers in the volume should also be seen in this light. The EDBT 2000 conference program includes 30 research papers selected by the program committee out of 187 submissions, covering advances in research, development, and applications of databases. The conference program also - cludes six industry andapplications papers, a panel discussion, six tutorials, and several software demonstrations. The conference features three distinguished - vited speakers: Ashish Gupta discusses database issues in electronic commerce, Stefano Ceri addresses the impact and challenges of XML on databases, and Andreas Reuter shares his views on new perspectives on database technology. The technical contributions presented at the EDBT 2000 conference are colle- ed and preserved in this volume that we are pleased to present to you with the expectation that it will serve as a valuable research and reference tool in your professional life.

This first systematic and self-contained monograph on "Symbolic Data Analysis" presents the most recent methods for analyzing and visualizing symbolic data. It generalizes classical methods of exploratory, statistical and graphical data analysis to the case of complex data where the entries of a data table are, e. g., sets of categories or of numbers, intervals or probability distributions. Typical methods include: graphical displays using Zoom Stars, visualization and feature extraction by symbolic factor analysis, decision trees, discrimination, classification and clustering methods. Several benchmark examples from National Statistical Offices illustrate the usefulness of the methods. The book contains an extensive bibliography and a subject index.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Symposium on Foundations of Information and Knowledge Systems, FoIKS 2000, held in Burg, Germany, in February 2000.The 14 revised full papers and four short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 45 submissions. Among the topics addressed are logical foundations and semantics of datamodels, dependency theory, integrity and security, temporal aspects, foundations of information systems design including Web-based information services, and query languages and optimization.

If you are sitting in a basement room without a view - not to mention the bars in front of the windows - and writing a book, then you better have good company. I had the best company you could imagine. Waltraud Hiltl, Katja Markert, Martin Romacker, Klemens Schnattinger, Andreas Klee and I shared very little o?ce space, but plenty of chocolate, co?ee, champagne, and enthusiasm for our research. North German coolness and creativity sprang mostly from my colleagues in the second ?oor. I learned a lot from and laughed a lot with Nobi Br]oker, Susanne (Sue) Schacht, Manfred Klenner, Peter Neuhaus, Stefan Schulz, and Michael Strube. I thank my friend and partner Angela R]osch for motivational and te- nical support and for living together with someone who cares about strange things, works too much and does not improve in any way over the years. Special thanks go to my family who sometimes wondered what was going on when I started talking enthusiastically about "semantics," but they never let wane their encouragement for me. Kornel Marco provided great service by implementing parts of the system presented in this book. Joe Bush helped me polish up the text with his capabilities as an American native speaker. Remaining errors are entirely my fault and due to my lack of diligence. This book would not have seen the light of day without the dissertation grant through the Graduiertenkolleg "Menschliche & Maschinelle Intelligenz" funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)."

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Computer Science Conference, ICSC'99, held in Hong Kong, China, in December 1999.
The 30 revised full papers presented together with 30 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The book is divided into sections on information filtering, data mining, Web databases, user interfaces, modeling, information retrieval, workflow, applications, active networks, mobility and distributed databases, protocols, distributed systems, information retrieval and filtering, Web technologies, and e-commerce.

This volume contains the papers selected for presentation at the Seventh Int- national Workshop on Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining, and Granular-Soft Computing (RSFDGrC 99) held in the Yamaguchi Resort Center, Ube, Y- aguchi, Japan, November 9-11, 1999. The workshop was organized by Inter- tional Rough Set Society, BISC Special Interest Group on Granular Comp- ing (GrC), Polish-JapaneseInstitute of Information Technology, and Yamaguchi University. RSFDGrC 99providedaninternationalforumforsharingoriginalresearch results and practical development experiences among experts in these emerging ?elds.An importantfeatureoftheworkshopwasto stresstheroleofthe integ- tion of intelligent information techniques. That is, to promote a deep fusion of these approaches to AI, Soft Computing, and Database communities in order to solve real world, large, complex problems concerned with uncertainty and fuz- ness. In particular, rough and fuzzy set methods in data mining and granular computing were on display. The total of 89 papers coming from 21 countries and touching a wide spectrum of topics related to both theory and applications were submitted to RSFDGrC 99. Out of them 45 papers were selected for regular presentations and 15 for short presentations. Seven technical sessions were organized, namely: Rough Set Theory and Its Applications; Fuzzy Set Theory and Its Applications; Non-Classical Logic and Approximate Reasoning; Information Granulation and Granular Computing; Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery; Machine Lea- ing; Intelligent Agents and Systems. TheRSFDGrC 99programwasenrichedbyfourinvitedspeakers: Zdzis law Pawlak, Lot? A. Zadeh, Philip Yu, and Setsuo Arikawa, from Soft Computing, Database, and AI communities. A special session on Rough Computing: Fo- dations and Applications was organized by James F. Peters."

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libaries, ECDL'99, held in Paris, France in September 1999. The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 124 submissions. The book is divided in topical sections on image categorization and access, audio and video in digital libraries, information retrieval, user adaptation, knowledge sharing, cross language issues, case studies, and modelling, accessability and connectedness.

The 1999 Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Database Management, held in Ed- burgh, Scotland, September 10 11, 1999, brought together leading researchers anddevelopersintheareaofspatio-temporaldatabasestodiscussthestate-- the-art in spatio-temporal research and applications and to understand the new challenges and future research directions in this emerging and rapidly advancing area. The workshop served as a forum for disseminating research and expe- ence in spatio-temporal databases and for maximizing interchange of knowledge among researchers from the established spatial and temporal database com- nities.Theexchangeofresearchideasandresultsnotonlycontributestothe academic arena, but also bene?ts the user and commercial communities. Theseproceedingscontainthe researchpapersselectedforpresentationatthe workshop. The workshop was conceived from the outset to have a general scope within its areaand to be internationalin participation.The callfor papers aimed to attract the highest quality and most up-to-date research contributions from around the world, and the workshop was co-located with VLDB 99, enabling many participants to conveniently attend both events and thereby facilitating the widest possible international participation. The call for papers attracted 30 research papers, which were submitted by authors from 14 countries and ?ve continents, clearly indicating the truly int- nationalnatureoftheemergingareaofspatio-temporaldatabases.Aprogram committee consisting of 25 researchers from four continents conducted four - viewsofeachpaperandselected13outstandingpapersofrpresentationand discussion at the workshop and inclusion in the proceedings. Spatio-temporal databases manage spatially and temporally referenced data. Thepapersincludedinthisvolumecoverdiverseaspectsofthemanagement ofsuchdata, andtheyhavebeenorganizedinto?vegroups: understanding andmanipulatingspatio-temporaldata;integration, exchange, andvisualization; query processing; index evaluation; and constraints and dependencies."

The biennial European Conference on Machine Learning (ECML) series is intended to provide an international forum for the discussion of the latest high quality research results in machine learning and is the major European scienti?c event in the ?eld. The eleventh conference (ECML 2000) held in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from May 31 to June 2, 2000, has continued this tradition by attracting high quality papers from around the world. Scientists from 21 countries submitted 100 papers to ECML 2000, from which 20 were selected for long oral presentations and 23 for short oral presentations. This selection was based on the recommendations of at least two reviewers for each submitted paper. It is worth noticing that the number of papers reporting applications of machine learning has increased in comparison to past ECML conferences. We believe this fact shows the growing maturity of the ?eld. This volume contains the 43 accepted papers as well as the invited talks by Katharina Morik from the University of Dortmund and Pedro Domingos from the University of Washington at Seattle. In addition, three workshops were jointly organized by ECML 2000 and the European Network of Excellence - net: "Dealing with Structured Data in Machine Learning and Statistics W- stites", "Machine Learning in the New Information Age" , and "Meta-Learning: Building Automatic Advice Strategies for Model Selection and Method Com- nation".

This book contains selected papers presented at the First NASA International Conference on Quantum Computing and Quantum Communications, QCQC'98, held in Palm Springs, California, USA in February 1998.As the record of the first large-scale meeting entirely devoted to quantum computing and communications, this book is a unique survey of the state-of-the-art in the area. The 43 carefully reviewed papers are organized in topical sections on entanglement and quantum algorithms, quantum cryptography, quantum copying and quantum information theory, quantum error correction and fault-tolerant quantum computing, and embodiments of quantum computers.