Urdu is the national language of Pakistan, one of the official languages of India, and it is spoken in the neighbouring regions of Afghanistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh. Urdu uses a modified version of the Arabic script, but it is presented here in the roman alphabet. The two-way dictionary and the practical, travel-oriented phrasebook pertain to everything from technology to Islamic culture. You will find an introduction to the language, useful tips for travel in Pakistan, and regional cultural information to help make your stay in the Urdu-speaking world a pleasant one.

This compact dictionary and phrasebook features a concise, easy-to-use grammar guide, a pronunciation table, and a handy reference section that provides the reader with the basics of the Finnish language. Also included is an introduction to the country's history as well as useful tips and practical information on how to navigate your way through the streets, shops and restaurants of Finland. The bilingual dictionary contains a modern, practice-oriented vocabulary.

The phrasebook will help English speakers sort through the many situations encountered while traveling, such as finding transportation, booking hotel rooms, ordering at restaurants, visiting museums, or what to do in case of an emergency. In addition, it offers specific vocabulary for a wide array of topics including sports and food. This dictionary and phrasebook will give its users time to enjoy the beautiful, unspoiled nature of this land of a thousand lakes or to appreciate the rich Finnish culture one finds in cities like Helsinki.

Famed for its great natural beauty and rich cultural heritage, Nepal is the ultimate destination for trekkers and travelers. This two-way dictionary and phrasebook is designed for those who wish to communicate in Nepali and learn its basic vocabulary and grammatical structure. Although the Nepali is given in the Roman alphabet, the Devanagari alphabet is included at the beginning of the book for quick reference. A grammar section, pronunciation guide, and practical cultural information provide further insight into the language and culture.

Whether you know Hebrew or not, this book will provide you with a quick reference resource for learning the meaning of many Hebrew words that lie beneath the English translations, which will open new doors for you into Biblical interpretation. The Hebrew language of the Bible must be understood from its original and Ancient Hebrew perspective. Our interpretation of a word like "holy" is an abstract idea, derived out of a Greco-Roman culture and mindset, which is usually understood as someone or something that is especially godly, pious or spiritual. However, the Hebrew word (qadosh) means, from an Ancient Hebrew perspective, unique and is defined in this dictionary as: "Someone or something that has, or has been given the quality of specialness, and has been separated from the rest for a special purpose." With this interpretation, we discover that the nation of Israel is not "holy," in the sense of godliness or piety, but is a unique and special people, separated from all others to serve God. This Biblical Hebrew dictionary contains the one thousand most frequent verbs and nouns found within the Hebrew Bible. Each word is translated and defined from its original concrete Ancient Hebrew perspective, allowing for a more accurate interpretation of the text. In addition to the one thousand verbs and nouns, the appendices in the book include a complete list of Hebrew pronouns, prepositions, adverbs, conjunctions and numbers.

The new edition of Historical Dictionary of Mozambique covers the Bantu expansion; the arrival of the Portuguese navigators and their str competition with local African power centers and coastal Arab-Swahili trading towns; the trade cycles of gold, ivory, and slaves; the establishment of the semi-Africanized prazos along the Zambezi Valley; "pacification" campaigns; and the period of Portuguese weakness in the late 19th and early 20th centuries when vast tracts of land were rented to concessionary companies. In the late colonial period the Salazar dictatorship tried to reassert Portuguese power, but after ten years of armed struggle for national liberation, Mozambique gained its independence in 1975. The book contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 600 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Mozambique.

How did a single genre of text have the power to standardise the English language across time and region, rival the Bible in notions of authority, and challenge our understanding of objectivity, prescription, and description? Since the first monolingual dictionary appeared in 1604, the genre has sparked evolution, innovation, devotion, plagiarism, and controversy. This comprehensive volume presents an overview of essential issues pertaining to dictionary style and content and a fresh narrative of the development of English dictionaries throughout the centuries. Essays on the regional and global nature of English lexicography (dictionary making) explore its power in standardising varieties of English and defining nations seeking independence from the British Empire: from Canada to the Caribbean. Leading scholars and lexicographers historically contextualise an array of dictionaries and pose urgent theoretical and methodological questions relating to their role as tools of standardisation, prestige, power, education, literacy, and national identity.

The Collins Cobuild Pocket English-English-Urdu Dictionary is a brand new, illustrated dictionary aimed at learners of English. This dictionary covers all the essential words and phrases that students need to learn. The definitions are written in full sentences, using simple language, and the dictionary contains thousands of examples of real English, showing the learner how English is really used. Additional help is provided by the thousands of Urdu translations. Every sense, phrase and phrasal verb has an Urdu translation, which acts as a stepping stone from the student's first language to the wealth of information contained in the dictionary. With hundreds of line drawings illustrating key terms, the Cobuild Pocket English-English-Urdu Dictionary is ideal for learners of English.

This dictionary, first published in 1994, is a vast collection of English words and multiword lexical units borrowed from the German language. It contains over 6,000 entries. This dictionary also includes the first recorded date of the German loan in English, the semantic area, variant forms, etymology, a definition of the English word, a listing of derivative forms and often grammatical comment for each word. It also provides original, nontechnical essays on the chronological sequencing of German loans in English and their relationship to historical events and people, and on the linguistic phenomena, processes and concepts involved in borrowing. The entries in this dictionary will intrigue cultural historians. Students of the history of the English language and of language contact and change will find the book invaluable. Essential for German-language scholars and historians with a special interest in German influence on Anglo-American culture.

The Cambridge University Press published (1945-1967) in six volumes Professor Bailey's transcriptions of Saka manuscripts found in Sin Kiang and Kansu (of the ancient kingdom of Khotan). They are central to any study of Old Iranian and the Iranian dialects; and they are also important for further understanding of the religious tradition in the sacred Avesta of the Zoroastrians, and for the history of the peoples of Central Asia generally. This 1979 dictionary represents the fulfilment of a plan formed in 1934 which required first the editing and transcription of the manuscripts, and then the slow elucidation of the whole corpus of texts. It contains a linguistic analysis and translation of all the Iranian words used in the texts. It is the necessary key to the understanding of the texts, to the mastery of the language itself, and to the linking of Khotan Saka into the Indo-European linguistic tradition.

With over 11 million speakers world-wide, Catalan thrives and is promoted in the business markets and schools of Catalan-speaking cultures. This title contains 4,000 dictionary entries and a phrasebook covering topics like dining out, sightseeing, and accommodations.

A handy resource for travel, classroom learning and international business! The Tuttle Pocket Korean Dictionary is the most up-to-date pocket Korean dictionary available; It covers the most up-to-date terms and expressions used daily in the Korean language. This comprehensive, portable reference has Korean-English and English-Korean sections. It contains over 15,000 entries, featuring words and phrases most useful for conversational Korean. Both Korean characters and easy-to-pronounce romanized versions are included. The two-color layout is user-friendly: Easy-to-read headwords are in blue, so words and phrases can be located with ease Useful notes throughout offer extra pointers on correct use of terms Also includes a concise guide to Korean grammar basics, pronunciation, and characters

The home of trusted French dictionaries for everyday language learning. The quickest way to study the essential French words and the perfect companion to titles in the ever-popular Easy Learning French range. Designed for learners of French of all ages, whether you are learning at school, in an evening class, for business or to go on holiday. Easy to use: gives you all the words you need in order to communicate effectively in natural French. Easy to read: clear layout and handy vocabulary sections ensure that you find what you are looking for quickly and easily. Easy to understand: example phrases show you how French is really used.

The term 'SerboCroatian' denotes a South Slavic language with several varieties. These varieties are spoken in areas that compromised the former Yugoslavia. People living in Serbia and Montenegro now usually call their language 'Serbian'. People living in Croatia now usually call their language 'Croatian'. People living in Bosnia and Hercegovina now usually call their language 'Bosnian'. The varieties of SerboCroatian, as used by educated speakers, are mutually intelligible in the same manner as the varieties of English are mutually intelligible. The dictionary is a guide for speakers of SerboCroatian who are learning English at any level, and for speakers of English who are studying SerboCraoatian at an advanced level. Professional translators have called earlier editions of this work and its companion volume 'the ultimate authority'.

The Dictionary has been compiled to meet the need for a reference work on the stress and morphology of Russian personal names. It is intended primarily for students and teachers of Russian. It can also be useful to others--radio and television announcers, government officials, scientists, research workers, librarians--who find it necessary to pronounce Russian personal names. Long out of print, the Dictionary is the only work that gives adequate rules for determining the stress of most Russian surnames. The Dictionary not only indicates stress for a large group (23,000) of surnames; it also describes the general rules that enable users to determine the stress of surnames not listed. It fully describes the declension of surnames, with their stress shifts and lists the most frequently given names and their basic diminutives. New to the Cambridge edition is a practical, user-friendly guide to declension and stress that students will particularly appreciate. The bibliography has been updated, and there is additional coverage of transliteration systems.

The home of trusted German dictionaries for everyday language learning. A modern German to English and English to German Dictionary offering excellent coverage of today's German language, culture and usage. The clear presentation makes it easy to use and its handy format and durability make it your ideal companion at home, school or on your travels. Features include: The most up-to-date words in both languages from a wide range of areas. Full GCSE coverage, to give students exam confidence An in-depth "German in Focus" supplement containing information about German language and culture to enhance your learning A "German verb tables" supplement which features the most common irregular verbs and examples of verbs in use Whether you're on business, holiday or just learning German at your own pace, this dictionary is designed to give you all the information you need in a handy yet robust format. It includes all the latest words as well as features you would expect from a Collins dictionary: an easy-to-read layout, special treatment of "key words", notes about life in German-speaking countries, and warnings on common errors and false friends. The "German in Focus" supplement helps you to develop your knowledge and confidence in the language, with a section on common translation difficulties to be aware of. There is information on pronunciation and improving your fluency, as well as on how to use German in different situations, like sending an email or making a phone call. The supplement also gives you an insight into German life. 40,000 words and phrases, 60,000 translations

Conflicts require a process to guide the belligerents from the battle field to mutual cooperation. But how does one provide the conflict stabilization for this peace process to operate? Peacekeeping emerged as one of these tools and has evolved to become an important element to support the peace process between belligerents in major inter-state and intra-state conflict. This book takes a broad definition of multinational peacekeeping in order to provide a basis for comparison and permit researchers to review operations labeled as "peacekeeping" by international organizations. The goal of this work is to assist researchers, scholars and others who are interested in peacekeeping and humanitarian operations to sort through the myriad of peacekeeping or peace operations since 1920 and consider some of the trends and issues behind these missions This fourth edition of Historical Dictionary of Multinational Peacekeeping contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has more than 700 cross-referenced entries peacekeeping operations, people, organizations, countries, and events associated with peacekeeping. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about peacekeeping.

A perfect companion for speakers of Spanish studying English and preparing for tests

Includes essential school vocabulary

Compiled from the Bank of English, a 650-million-word English database

Spelling and translation alternatives build language proficiency