Most historic buildings are owned by private citizens who have little or no background in building preservation or its allied fields. These owners—as dedicated as they are to preserving or refurbishing their property—often feel at a disadvantage when communicating with professionals well-versed in the complex jargon of this multidisciplinary field. The Dictionary of Building Preservation provides easy access to this terminology and helps the nonspecialist to understand and communicate with building and design professionals, preservation groups, government agencies, attorneys, and others concerned with building preservation.

Containing more than 10,000 entries that cover the entire breadth of building preservation in North America, this is the best source available for definitions of terms used for buildings, parts of buildings, the development of historic structures, technical standards, relevant legal terminology, and preservation practice. It provides detailed information on various historical styles and fashions, structural, mechanical, and electrical systems, and current restoration techniques. In the Dictionary of Building Preservation, readers will find

• Straightforward definitions that include preservation context, word origin, and national and regional vernaculars
• Many terms that do not appear in any other dictionary
• Cross referencing that allows readers to move from the general to the specific or vice versa
• Nearly 400 illustrations—many rare-edition prints and line drawings from the Historic American Buildings Survey as well as first edition Architectural Graphic Standards technical drawings
• Both modern and obsolete spellings along with an indication of the period in which the term was most commonly used

Compiled by a practicing restoration architect, this is the ideal reference resource for owners of historic homes, preservationists and restoration consultants, architecture buffs, urban planners, land-use attorneys, architects and architectural historians, and anyone involved in building renovation, community preservation, or landmark designation.

building types, building parts, construction methods, raw and manufactured building materials, products and finishes, structural systems, architectural styles, room names, Canadian and U.S. national preservation law and administration, government agencies and preservation organizations, National Register designations, building codes, real estate development, conservation and restoration treatments, specialty items, archeological terms, abbreviations and preservationist jargon, building types

This unique reference is a product of the most ambitious attempt to date to record English equivalents for the vocabulary of modern Macedonian. The dictionary covers the vocabulary met with in a wide variety of settings and literary forms, from modern urban life to traditional folk poetry. Features include: * clear, accurate examples of usage * all necessary grammatical information for Macedonian headwords * details of stress, where it departs from the regular pattern * a broad range of idiomatic expressions and proverbs Prepared by scholars at the Australian National University in Canberra, working in collaboration with the compilers of the renowned "Rechnik na makendonskiot jazik," the content has been brought up to date by the addition of many newer words and new senses which have arisen for older words.

This is the reissued Oxford Mini Dictionary and Thesaurus. - now in an attractive new format.
This small dictionary and thesaurus offers the most accurate and up-to-date coverage of essential, everyday vocabulary with over 40,000 words, phrases, and definitions and 65,000 synonyms and antonyms based on evidence from the Oxford English Corpus, a unique databank comprising hundreds of millions of words of English. Definitions are easy to understand, given in a clear, simple style, and avoiding technical language. Thesaurus entries are integrated into the dictionary entries, so you can find synonyms and antonyms easily. The centre section provides extra help with spelling, grammar, and vocabulary.
Includes 3 months' access* to Oxford Dictionaries Online at oxforddictionaries.com.
*Terms and conditions apply; please see www.oxforddictionaries.com/access for information.

This dictionary, now in its sixth edition, contains over 66,000 terms and 90,000 translations from the following subject areas: automationtechnology; components; electrical energy conversion; electrical installation; electric power technology; electroacoustics; high voltage technology; information technology; laser; micro electronics; power electronics; process-control technology; telecommunications engineering; and theoretical basic knowledge.

The Wiley Dictionary of Civil Engineering and Construction: English-Spanish/Spanish-English offers the first bilingual update of civil engineering terminology in forty years. With more than 50,000 entries in each language, it provides comprehensive coverage of a broad range of industrial disciplines, including architecture, engineering, surveying, building, heavy construction, and municipal engineering.

Entries include technical terms and phrases not found in any general translation dictionary—many of these are taken directly from The Contractor's Dictionary by L. F. Webster, official publications, engineering specifications, and engineering textbooks. Virtually all terms and their functions were supplied by working professionals and experts in each field. Each translation has been confirmed by teams of reviewers in the United States and Latin America to ensure accuracy and reflect a wide range of Spanish dialects. Since there is considerable overlap among engineering disciplines, many of the terms in this book are also applicable to electrical, mechanical, and structural engineering.

The Wiley Dictionary of Civil Engineering and Construction: English-Spanish/Spanish-English is an indispensable resource for civil engineers and contractors, translating correspondence, specifications, and working drawings; marketers for engineering firms, preparing bids and proposals for international contracts; and engineering students, struggling to understand complex course textbooks in a foreign language. It is the only source for accurate, reliable, up-to-date translations of the entire spectrum of engineering and construction terminology.

This Dictionary consists of some 100,000 terms in both Spanish and English, drawn from the whole range of business, finance and banking terminology. Over 45 subject areas are covered, compiled by a team of international terminologists

Igbo, also known as ibo, is one of the major languages of Nigeria. This guide contains an introduction to basic grammar, two-way dictionary, and helpful phrases arranged in 34 sections, each of which deals with aspects of everyday life. Also includes cultural information and a brief history of the Igbo people.

This dictionary is the ideal supplement to the German/English Dictionary of Idioms, which together give a rich source of material for the translator from and into each language.
The dictionary contains 15,000 headwords, each entry supplying the German equivalents, variants, contexts and the degree of currency/rarity of the idiomatic expression.
This dictionary will be an invaluable resource for students and professional literary translators.
Not for sale in Germany, Austria or Switzerland

This is the essential reference companion to all who use German for business communication.
Containing over 5000 words, this handy two-way A-Z glossary covers the most commonly used terms in business. It will help you to communicate with confidence in a wide variety of situations, and is of equal value to the relative beginner or the fluent speaker.
Written by an experienced native and non-native speaker team working in business language education, this unique glossary is an indispensable reference guide for all students and professionals studying or working in business where German is used.

Published at a time of unprecedented growth of interest in translation, the Dictionary of Translation Studies aims to present the insights of a number of different approaches to translation in an unbiased, non-partisan way. With more than 300 articles, this essential volume provides the reader with a snapshot of a rapidly developing discipline, based on work produced in serveral languages. With a clear, easy-to-follow layout, the Dictionary provides a comprehensive and highly accessible survey of key terms and concepts (such as Abusive Translation, Equivalence, Informationsangebot, Minimax Principle, Texteme and Thick Translation), types of activity (Autotranslation, Dubbing, Signed Language Interpreting), and schools and approaches (Leipzig School, Manipulation School, Nitra School). Each term is presented within the context in which it first occurred and is given a definition which is both clear and informative. Major entries include a discussion of relevant viewpoints as well as comments on how the usage and application of the term have developed subsequent to its coining. In addition, all entries provide suggestions for further reading, and there is an extensive bibliography included at the end. This is an indispensable tool for anyone studying or teaching translation at university level.

Connecting words and phrases are essential for discussion, clarity and fluency in any language. French is particularly reliant on connecting language: also and in fact have around 15 equivalent words and expressions in French.
This is the first French-English dictionary to focus on this fascinating and crucial part of the language. The dictionary presents nearly 200 full entries in alphabetical order, including: de plus; et ce; or; c'est dire que; en fait; au total; voila.
Entries define, discuss and exemplify the whole range of connecting language in French. 2000 examples add further clarity and are chosen from a wide range of registers and mainly contemporary prose.

This multi-language dictionary covers the eight major Turkic languages: Turkish, Azerbaijani, Turkmen, Uzbek, Uighur, Kazakh, Kirgiz and Tatar. It includes 2000 headwords in English which are translated into each of the eight Turkic languages. Words are organized both alphabetically and topically and original script and Latin transliteration are provided for each language. For ease of use, alphabetical indices are also given for the eight languages. This is a useful reference book for both students and learners and for those engaged in international commerce, research, diplomacy and academic and cultural exchange.

The Oxford American Large Print Dictionary is a brand new large print dictionary, offering to visually impaired readers an Oxford-quality dictionary in a large, clear font.
In addition to solid coverage of the core English vocabulary, including new words and senses, with definitions that are concise and easy-to-understand, theOxford American Large Print Dictionary also includes thousands of difficult and literary words that are most often looked up. It also includes short, accessible notes on difficult spellings, confusable words, and tricky areas of usage.
The book's clear page layout, designed in association with Lighthouse International, offers enlarged fonts, larger margins, generous linespacing, and good quality paper, ensuring that there is a minimum of glare and show-through.
All Oxford American dictionaries use an easy-to-use respelling system to show how entries are pronounced. It uses simple, familiar markings to represent common American English sounds.

The home of trusted German dictionaries for everyday language learning. A handy and affordable German to English and English to German reference for every day, including short grammars of German and English. The clear layout allows for fast and easy access when you most need it. Ideal for use on the go, at home, in the office, classroom or on holiday. Over 40,000 words and phrases and 60,000 translations. Designed for all those studying German who need maximum information in a handy travel format. Offers comprehensive and up-to-the-minute coverage of German and English, with additional notes warning the user of those words which are easily confused. Delivers the accuracy and reliability you expect from the Collins name. With natural, idiomatic example phrases, in-depth treatment of the most important core vocabulary and help to find the exact translation you want.

Like most technical disciplines, environmental science and engineering is becoming increasingly specialized. As industry professionals focus on specific environmental subjects they become less familiar with environmental problems and solutions outside their area of expertise. This situation is compounded by the fact that many environmental science related terms are confusing. Prefixes such as bio-, enviro-, hydra-, and hydro- are used so frequently that it is often hard to tell the words apart. The Environmental Engineering Dictionary and Directory gives you a complete list of brand terms, brand names, and trademarks - right at your fingertips.

This compact and up-to-date two-way dictionary is a resource for both the linguist and the serious learner and user of the Catalan language. Each section's 18,000 entries provide: phonetic transcriptions, accurate translations, examples and expressions to aid comprehension, dialectical variants; and thorough coverage of American English. The dictionary also features pronunciation guides and grammatical summaries.

This 2-way Dictionary is ideal for both linguists and the serious learner and user of Norwegian. Translations are supported by examples and entries are supported by an invaluable section covering aspects of Norwegian pronunciation and grammar.

A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue defines and illustrates every meaning of every word used in written English in Scotland up to 1700, when the Scots language merged with standard English. It touches every facet of medieval and renaissance Scottish life and society and supplies a wealth of illustration in the form of quotations accompanying every word and meaning it discusses. It is an indispensable reference tool for historians of Scots language, literature, politics, law, medicine, agriculture, and all other aspects of Scottish society. This 'Scots OED' is published in paper-bound parts (fascicles) and also as volumes, each containing several parts. The Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue is unique and has no competition.

Brazilian Portuguese is written and spoken by over 180 million inhabitants of Brazil as well as by several million Brazilian emigrants in other parts of the world, including over 1 million Brazilian Americans. Portuguese is taught at over 280 colleges and universities in the United States.

Brazil is the most popular tourist destination in South America, enjoying over 5 million visitors in 2008. It is also the second largest economy in the Americas (after the United States) with thriving industries such as automobiles, steel, petrochemicals, aircraft and banking.

[[Concise size with 10,000 entries of essential Brazilian Portuguese

[[Each entry includes key grammatical information and pronunciation

[[Many entries include related words and phrases

[[Spelling updated in full accordance with the Reforma Ortogrfica da Lngua Portuguesa, 2009

[[Perfect for businesspeople, travelers, and students

The Beginner's Chinese Dictionary is an ideal dictionary for students of the Chinese language. It is specifically designed for learners of Chinese and covers 2,500 essential vocabulary items, including all vocabulary prescribed for Levels 1-5 of the standard test of proficiency in Chinese, Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK). Entries are arranged alphabetically according to the pinyin transliteration. For each character, the radical and stroke count are given. An analysis of word formation is also provided to aid understanding of how words of two or more syllables are formed. Sample sentences are presented in Chinese characters with pinyin and English equivalents, to show how each headword should be used. A radical and character index allows quick access to any headword. Key features of this Chinese character dictionary: Over 2,500 basic vocabulary items English-Chinese and Chinese-English sections. Entries arranged alphabetically by pinyin transliteration. Includes all words for HSK Levels 1-5. Sample sentences demonstrate how to use words correctly. Characters and pinyin for all headwords and examples. Introduces and explains radicals, stroke counts, and components. Key character components are given for easy recognition. Useful notes on culture, grammar and usage provided.

This volume is the first comprehensive comparative dictionary to cover the whole of the Chukotko-Kamchatkan family. The genealogical status of this family (whether from a common source or due to convergence) has long been controversial, but its coherence as a family can now be taken as proven. Its geographical position between Siberia and northernmost America renders it crucial in any attempt to relate the languages and peoples of these large linguistic regions. The dictionary consists of cognate sets arranged alphabetically according to reconstructed proto-forms and covers all published lexical sources for the languages concerned (plus a good deal of unpublished material). The criterion for setting up Proto-Chukotian sets is the existence of clear cognates in at least two of the four languages: Chukchi, Koryak, Alutor, and (now extinct) Kerek, and for Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan sets cognates in at least one of these plus Itelmen. Internal loans between the two branches of the family are indicated - this is particularly important in the case of the many loans from Koryak to modern western Itelmen. Proto-Itelmen sets without clear cognates in Chukotian are listed separately, without reconstructions. The data is presented in a reader-friendly format, with each set divided into separate lines for the individual languages concerned and with a common orthography for all reliable modern forms (given as full word stems, not just 'roots'). The introduction contains information on the distribution of the individual languages and dialects and all sound correspondences relating them, plus a sketch of what is known of their (pre)historical background. Inflections and derivational affixes are treated in separate sections, and Chukchi and English proto-form indexes allows multiple routes of access to the data. A full reference list of sources is included.

A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish enables students of all levels to build on their study of Turkish in an efficient and engaging way. Based on a 50 million word corpus, A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish provides a list of core vocabulary for learners of Turkish as a second or foreign language. It gives the most updated, reliable frequency guidelines for common vocabulary in spoken and written Turkish. Each of the 5000 entries are supported by detailed information including the English equivalent, an illustrative example with English translation and usage statistics. The Dictionary provides a rich resource for language teaching and curriculum design, while a separate CD version provides the full text in a tab-delimited format ideally suited for use by corpus and computational linguists. With entries arranged by frequency, by suffixation and alphabetically, A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish enables students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary in an engaging and efficient way.