The death of Botswana's last founding father, Sir Ketumile Quett Masire, in June 2017, marked the end of an era. Since the release of the Fourth Edition of Historical Dictionary of Botswana in 2008, Botswana has gone through its most turbulent and divided decade to date. Throughout September 2016, when Botswana celebrated its 50th anniversary of independence, all the successes of the Seretse and Masire era were sources of massive national pride. Botswana had expanded provisions of electricity, water, education, and health services to almost all of its people and become a model nation that owned its natural resources and plowed the profits back into the nation's development. Despite these successes, Botswana has a high unemployment rate (about 20 percent) and a much larger cohort of the underemployed. This fifth edition of Historical Dictionary of Botswana contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, an extensive bibliography, and more than 700 cross-referenced entries on important personalities and aspects of the country's politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Botswana.

Four-character idioms, also known as chengyu, are key components of the Chinese language and culture, many conveying important lessons and social values that stretch back over 3,000 years of Chinese history. New features in this edition include: entries that employ both traditional and simplified Chinese characters, so that students may be comfortable with and recognize each, pinyin transliterations with tone marks, and a new introduction by the authors.

The essential reference work for writers, editors and proofreaders. Well-known or well known? Affect or effect? Majorca or Mallorca? Royal Family or royal family? Spell check cannot be relied upon to help you with the trickier aspects of the English language. Even the most sophisticated writers of English will be faced with questions and problems in the quest for clear, elegant and correct writing. The new paperback edition of the Collins Dictionary for Writers and Editors answers these questions, and thousands of other usage conundrums, with a comprehensive collection of entries designed to sweep the minefield of the English language. Whether you're a writer, proofreader or editor, for books, periodicals or websites, the Collins Dictionary for Writers and Editors will be your essential reference. It contains accessible information covering everything from style and Americanization (or Americanisation), to proofreading marks and transliterations. It also includes: abbreviations and acronyms misspellings compound words plurals capitalisation apostrophes titles

Japan is a mix of the old and the new, traditional and modern, and old fashion and innovative. It has traveled the road to a modern destination without totally losing sight of its traditions and values. Although some in Japan lament the passing of old ways, Japan has held on to a reasonable amount of its traditions and values. This is easier to find in its arts and crafts and its literature and films as well as in its social habits. This book will introduce the broad sweep of people, events, and trends, including the successes and failures, of postwar Japan. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Postwar Japan contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Japan.

A fully up-to-date, comprehensive and clearly presented compact dictionary - the ideal reference aid for learners and speakers of Irish. Over 20,000 headwords Introduction to the use of Irish Concise and informative with accessible layout Mionfhocloir comhaimseartha, cuimsitheach agus e leagtha amach go soileir - ais tagartha iontach d'fhoghlaimeoiri agus do chainteoiri Gaeilge. Breis agus 20,000 ceannfhocal Intreoir ar usaid na Gaeilge Achomair agus faisneiseach le leagan amach aisiuil

This study is of a modest segment of Germany's experience in the Weimar and Nazi periods. Its purpose is to throw light on one small part of that experience in order to add it to the larger puzzle. It is a study of Neudeutschland, a German Catholic youth organization for students. The membership of the Bund, as it was known, is primarily from the German secondary schools, those which are equivalent to the last two grades of grade school, plus high school and two years of college in the United States. Two ancillary sections of the organization are the Jungvolk, the segment for the youngsters of pre-secondary school age, and the Alterenbund, for those who have graduated and are pur- suing careers in business, the university, and such. The organization was founded in 1919. Its course was relatively stormy until 1924, after which a short respite occurred in which an attempt was made at a unique synthesis. That synthesis can be sum- marized in the phrase, "Catholic youth movement. " Neudeutschland sought to catholicize the "healthy" aspects of the German youth move- ment which had grown after 1900 and which had swept through the secondary schools of Protestant northern Germany prior to the First World War. Mter the war, the impetus towards youth movemen- greatly enhanced by the shattering of the old, restricting authorit- spread among the Catholic students in the secondary schools.

Featuring the most important and enduring works from Marx's enormous corpus, this collection ranges from the Hegelian idealism of his youth to the mature socialism of his later works. Organized both topically and in rough chronological order, the selections (many of them in the translations of Loyd D. Easton and Kurt H. Guddat) include writings on historical materialism, excerpts from Capital, and political works.

A two-volume study detailing excavations at this large Roman fort in north-western Hungary. The first volume contains details of the excavations themselves-the defences, consisting of ditches, ramparts, gates and towers and the headquarter's building, including its structural sequence and timber buildings in its vicinity. There follows a catalogue of the finds. In the second volume there is evaluation and discussion of the finds and the plates.

This is the first Old French-English dictionary of its kind to provide a comprehensive reference tool for a broad range of English-speaking users. In the form of a compendious but manageable single volume, it is designed for both the general and specialist reader of Old French texts including students, scholars, philologists and historians. The dictionary is based on a large and varied number of texts up to c.1350, starting from the 'classics' of medieval French literature and extending through all the genres: epic, romance, religious, moral, didactic and allegorical texts, lyric poetry, drama, humour and satire, as well as non-literary historical, political and legal documents. The aim has been to include a wide range of variant spellings as well as the main dialectal forms to help the anglophone user in particular. Detailed definitions and grammatical functions are provided, together with common phrases with their translations.

Originating from a small group of Bible students who met under Charles Taze Russell's leadership and grew into an international Society, to which the second leader Joseph Franklin Rutherford and gave the name 'Jehovah's Witnesses'. Two World Wars shaped Watch Tower attitudes to civil government, armed conflict, and medical innovations such as blood transfusion, as well as to mainstream churches. The twenty-first century has seen some important changes in the Watch Tower organization, and coverage is given to changes in organizational structure, its use of the World Wide Web, and its major relocation from Brooklyn to Warwick. This updated second edition of Historical Dictionary of Jehovah's Witnesses contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 300 cross-referenced entries on key concepts, themes, and people relating to Jehovah's Witnesses. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Jehovah's Witnesses.

The Oxford Essential Spanish Dictionary is a new compact Spanish-English and English-Spanish dictionary that offers up-to-date coverage of all the essential day-to-day vocabulary with over 40,000 words and phrases and 60,000 translations. This dictionary is easy to use and ideal for travel, work, or study. The latest words in each language have been added, reflecting all aspects of life today, from computing and technology to lifestyle and business. Additional features include guides to Spanish and English pronunciation, as well as help with both Spanish and English verbs. Covers both European and Latin American Spanish. The Oxford Essential Spanish Dictionary is ideal for anyone in need of a handy quick reference. An essential book for the study of Spanish.

Newly Revised Second Edition!Fully updated and featuring more than 45,000 entries, this is the classic "Russian-English English-Russian Dictionary" from Langenscheidt, the premier source for foreign language reference tools.Students, teachers, travelers, and professionals can confidently rely on this invaluable 2-in-1 volume that includes:

- Hundreds of new words reflecting today's cultural, political, and technological changes, plus contemporary idioms and expressions
Full pronunciation keys for both Russian and English entries
- Comprehensive grammar tables with detailed information on the conjugation and declension of Russian verbs, nouns, and adjectives
- The Russian alphabet as it is printed, written, and pronounced
- A wealth of examples that put isolated words and phrases into context
- A quick reference section on proper names, weights and measures, and abbreviations
- Easy-to-read typography, plus a helpful guide to using the dictionary most effectivelyThe foreign language dictionary for people on the move!

The home of trusted Welsh dictionaries for everyday language use. A modern Welsh to English and English to Welsh Dictionary offering excellent coverage of today's Welsh language and usage. The clear layout makes it easy to use and its handy format and durability make it your ideal companion at home, school or on your travels. Suitable for use in schools. Designed for all those speaking and learning Welsh. It is the ideal dictionary for anyone who needs a wealth of reliable information in a handy format. Revised and updated with hundreds of new words and offers extensive coverage of today's English and Welsh. The supplement contains help with letter writing, CVs and emails, as well as useful phrases for a variety of situations. The clear typography gives the text a contemporary feel, and ensures that users find the information they need quickly and easily.

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic is an invaluable tool for all learners of Arabic, providing a list of the 5,000 most frequently used words in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) as well as several of the most widely spoken Arabic dialects.

Based on a 30-million-word corpus of Arabic which includes written and spoken material from the entire Arab world, this dictionary provides the user with detailed information for each of the 5,000 entries, including English equivalents, a sample sentence, its English translation, usage statistics, an indication of genre variation, and usage distribution over several major Arabic dialects.

Users can access the top 5,000 words either through the main frequency listing or through an alphabetical index arranged by Arabic roots. Throughout the frequency listing there are thematically-organized lists of the top words from a variety of key topics such as sports, weather, clothing, and family terms.

An engaging and highly useful resource, A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic will enable students of all levels to get the most out of their study of modern Arabic vocabulary.

A CD version is available to purchase separately. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research work.

Tim Buckwalter is Research Associate at the University of Maryland.

Dilworth Parkinson is Professor of Arabic at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.

As Kim Jong Un approaches the seventh anniversary of his coming to power he has pushed the military back. The modified Constitution adopted in 2016 saw the demotion of the National Defense Council in favor of a new State Affairs Council which was a more party and government dominated body. He has put his own men and women into positions of authority. Sanctions are an irritant yet are already weakening as a result of first ever meeting between a DPRK leader and a U.S. president took place in June of Singapore, as well as a string of North-South meetings covered issues such as family reunions and railway and road connections. Military talks also ed to the demilitarization of Panmunjom. Since then Japan wants to talk and even the Pope may visit. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Democratic People's Republic of Korea contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 400 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

A Frequency Dictionary of Czech is an invaluable tool for all learners of Czech, providing a list of the 5,000 most frequently used words in the language.

Based on data from a 100 million word corpus and evenly balanced between spoken, fiction, non-fiction and newspaper texts, the dictionary provides the user with a detailed frequency-based list, as well as alphabetical and part of speech indexes.

All entries in the rank frequency list feature the English equivalent, a sample sentence with English translation and an indication of register variation. The dictionary also contains twenty thematically organised and frequency-ranked lists of words on a variety of topics, such as family, food and drink and transport.

A Frequency Dictionary of Czech enables students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary in an engaging and efficient way. It is also a rich resource for language teaching, research, curriculum design, and materials development.

A CD version is available to purchase separately. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research work.

The dictionary is the only comprehensive and up-to-date record of German idiomatic expressions. The idioms are arranged alphabetically according to specific principles reflecting language intuition. All entries provide example sentences illustrating function and meaning of the individual idioms. The new edition of the standard work now also includes an all new scholarly introduction and a current bibliography.

Although research into German particles has been proceeding for decades, there is still no major dictionarya ' either monolingual or bilinguala ' in which the particles and particle-like words of German are described in detail, comprehensively and on the basis of authentic examples. This German-French dictionary sets itself the task of filling this gap.

This first-of-its kind dictionary contains: 30,000 entries; Background notes on Pulaar; Introduction to Pulaar grammatical categories; Pronunciation guide; Lists of ordinal and cardinal numbers.

This Bosnian dictionary and phrasebook provides easy-to-use language tools for any English speaker preparing to learn the language. With over 1500 lessons, it provides essential phrases for getting about in the country, with pronunciation fully indicated.

This Dictionary provides students, pastors, and others with an invaluable source of word meanings and English glosses for the entire vocabulary of the Greek New Testament. In addition to reflecting the complete range of semantic uses and nuances, it identifies the part of speech, lists cognate key words, notes principal parts for each verb, and cites the NT reference for each word used only once.