A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish enables students of all levels to build on their study of Turkish in an efficient and engaging way. Based on a 50 million word corpus, A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish provides a list of core vocabulary for learners of Turkish as a second or foreign language. It gives the most updated, reliable frequency guidelines for common vocabulary in spoken and written Turkish. Each of the 5000 entries are supported by detailed information including the English equivalent, an illustrative example with English translation and usage statistics. The Dictionary provides a rich resource for language teaching and curriculum design, while a separate CD version provides the full text in a tab-delimited format ideally suited for use by corpus and computational linguists. With entries arranged by frequency, by suffixation and alphabetically, A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish enables students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary in an engaging and efficient way.

A handy, affordable Ukrainian to English and English to Ukrainian dictionary for daily use, including a guide to common everyday expressions in both languages. , - , - . This dictionary offers extensive and up-to-date coverage of English and Ukrainian to all learners at home, school or at work. Designed for those who need maximum information in a handy format. , , . , . An up-to-date, two-way Ukrainian-English English-Ukrainian dictionary In-depth coverage of the key words in each language Coverage of both British and American English Phonetics shown in International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) for all English headwords - , - ( )

A fully up-to-date, comprehensive and clearly presented compact dictionary - the ideal reference aid for learners and speakers of Irish. Over 20,000 headwords Introduction to the use of Irish Concise and informative with accessible layout Mionfhocloir comhaimseartha, cuimsitheach agus e leagtha amach go soileir - ais tagartha iontach d'fhoghlaimeoiri agus do chainteoiri Gaeilge. Breis agus 20,000 ceannfhocal Intreoir ar usaid na Gaeilge Achomair agus faisneiseach le leagan amach aisiuil

This work, a companion to Professor Lambton’s Persian Grammar (also available in a Students’ Edition), is intended mainly for the student of contemporary Persian. It will, however, also be a useful handbook for those who wish to read classical Persian literature. The Persian-English and English-Persian sections contain a wide range of the more common words and phrases.

Are you a beaver cleaver or the office bike? Would you rather pack fudge or munch carpet? Do you content yourself with paddling the pickle as you're still a cherry boy? Sex Slang will not only give you 3,000 words to talk about your favourite pastimes, but also open your eyes to practices you didn't even know existed. All words are illustrated by a reference from a variety of sources to prove their existence. This naughty book will give you a spectacular sexual vocabulary from all over the English speaking world, as well as hours of reading pleasure.

The Chechen language has approximately 1.2 million speakers, and is one of the largest indigenous languages of the northern Caucasus. This bilingual dictionary contains 6000 words of essential vocabulary for Chechen: Basic verbs; pronouns, numerals, particles, conjunctions, and postpositions; common and everyday vocabulary and many entries of the rapidly disappearing traditional vocabulary. All entries have grammatical information and pronunciation guides and are given in both the current Cyrillic orthography and a user-friendly diacritic-free all-Latin transcription. Similar grammatical and pronunciation information is given in the English-Chechen section. Additionally, this dictionary gives background information about the language and descriptions of the sound system and grammar.

This book is based on the Khapalu and Skardu dialects of Balti, a member of the Tibeto-Burman family, spoken in Baltistan. The work is distinguished by its phonetic acuity, particularly important in the case of Balti, whose importance to the Tibeto-Burman and Sino-Tibetan comparatists is its close phonetic relationship to the Tibetan script. This book will undoubtedly become a standard work for the linguistics of the Tibetan language family in general.

The most comprehensive glossary to date of Hui Muslim terms and the first to fully match the Chinese term (stated in Chinese script and pinyin) to its Arabic or Persian counterpart (stated in Arabic script with Latin transcription).

This book is divided into three parts: the Albanian alphabet and pronunciation, dictionary with basic key vocabulary, and an extensive Albanian phrasebook covering topics such as number, transportation, shopping, eating out and much more.

The dictionary & phrasebook series now offers 67 languages! Each book comprises an introduction to the language, an alphabet and pronunciation guide, a basic grammar, a two-way dictionary, and a phrasebook. The grammar section presents the language's main features, such as verbs, nouns, adjectives, gender and declension. Easy-to-follow explanations enable users to have simple conversations with native speakers. Western Armenian is the language spoken by most of the seven million Diaspora Armenians who live outside their historic homeland. Western Armenian speakers form the majority of Armenian spoken in the United States, Iran, and the Middle East. The language has helped to preserve a unified Armenian sense of identity and common cultural heritage throughout the world. This Dictionary & Pharsebook, an extension of that cultural heritage, offers insight into the historical roots of the Diaspora and provides an invaluable reference to the language itself. The book contains a resourceful two-way dictionary, an informative grammar section, and a collection of travel-oriented phrases. Armenian has its own unique alphabet, but to facilitate pronunciation, this book uses a commonsense Roman transliteration system.

Featuring over 8500 entries, this concise dictionary reflects the daily use of the language spoken in Bosnia-Herzegovina. It includes an appendix of common abbreviations, numerical values and weights and measures.

This is the first volume in a complete history of the documentation of English cant and slang from 1567 to the present. It gives unparalleled insights into the early history of slang, the people who used it, and how and why it was recorded. Well over a hundred glossaries of cant and slang were published between 1567 and 1784. The cant lists reveal the secret language allegedly used by thieves and beggars to conceal their illicit conspiracies: Dr Coleman investigates where and how they were produced and the relationship between such lists and canting literature. She considers why this period was so fascinated by crime and by criminals, and apparently so obsessed with the need to record their language. How far, she asks, are the lists genuine records of contemporary cant, and how far the products of literary invention? Who produced them, and how were they researched? Who bought them, and what did they hope to gain from them? This absorbing and astute book will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in English slang and its history. It also provides unusual and unexpected insights into the underworlds of early modern England.

This dictionary of 12,000 entries aims to preserve Indian culture and at all points illustrate the use of words in examples, especially syntactic words, whose usage cannot be captured purely by giving an English equivalent. It provides depth as regards the usage of frequently occurring items and especially in the use of syntactic elements and usage in context.

Written for students of linguistics, applied linguistics and speech therapy, this dictionary covers over 2,000 terms in phonetics and phonology. In addition to providing a comprehensive, yet concise, guide to an enormous number of individual terms, it also includes an explanation of the most important theoretical approaches to phonology. Its usefulness as a reference tool is further enhanced by the inclusion of pronunciations, notational devices and symbols, earliest sources of terms, suggestions for further reading, and advice with regard to usage. The wide range of topics explained include: * Classical phonology, including American Structuralism and the Prague School * Contemporary approaches, including Autosegmental Phonology, Metrical Phonology, Dependency Phonology, Government Phonology and Lexical Phonology * Prosodic ideas in phonology, both traditional and contemporary ^ * * historical phonology * Intonation and tonology This dictionary devotes space to the various theoretical approaches in proportion to their importance, but it concentrates most heavily on non-theory-bound descriptive terminology. It will remain a definitive reference for years to come.

The Ingush language has about 300,000 speakers, and along with Chechen is one of the largest indigenous languages of the northern Caucasus. This bilingual dictionary is the very first of its kind. It contains about 6,000 words of essential vocabulary for Ingush: basic verbs; pronouns, numerals, particles, conjunctions, and postpositions; common and everyday vocabulary; and many entries of the rapidly disappearing traditional vocabulary. All entries have grammatical information and pronunciation guides and are given in both the current Cyrillic orthography and a user-friendly diacritic-free all-Latin transcription. Similar grammatical and pronunciation information is given in the English-Ingush section. Entries have full grammatical information and glosses include alternatives and comments so as to convey the full meanings of words. Additionally, this dictionary gives background information about the language and descriptions of the sound system and grammar.

First published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese is an invaluable tool for all learners of Mandarin Chinese, providing a list of the 5,000 words and the 2,000 Chinese characters (simplified) most commonly used in the language. Based on a fifty-million-word corpus composed of spoken, fiction, non-fiction and news texts in current use, the dictionary provides the user with a detailed frequency-based list, as well as alphabetical and part-of-speech indexes. All entries in the frequency list feature the English equivalent and a sample sentence with English translation. The Dictionary also contains thirty thematically organized lists of frequently used words on a variety of topics such as food, weather, travel and time expressions. A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese enables students of all levels to maximize their study of Mandarin vocabulary in an efficient and engaging way. It is also an excellent resource for teachers of the language. A CD version is available to purchase separately. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research work.

First published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This book is a simple and clear presentation of the lexis of Camfranglais, an urban youth sociolect in Cameroon. It presents this sociolect as an outgrowth of language contact phenomena that have fossilized especially around the Littoral Region of Cameroon. Methodologically speaking, it uses a lexicographic as well as an ethnographic approach to data collection. Lexical elements have been collected from such diverse sources as Cameroonian popular music, online chat groups and forums like Facebook, blogs, Youtube videos etc. Besides there were group conversations organized for the collection of data. The major strength of this book lies in the diversity and authenticity of its sources which are all traceable. Moreover, all the regular statements it makes about the origin, semantic categories, grammatical classes of the lexis of Camfranglais are the result of the necessary lexical manipulations that should precede these statements. A complete alphabetical lexicon of Camfranglais is presented, and, where possile, etymologies are given. For all entries, real examples are quoted so as to guide the reader to the usage of words. Idiomatic expressions are also presented for different lexical entries. The book will serve as reference for those working on Camfranglais as well as a starting point for lexico-semantic studies on Camfranglais.

South America is a vast, relatively isolated, landmass that includes 12 independent countries and one region (Guyane Francaise) with diverse ethnic groups speaking hundreds of different languages and dialects, and extraordinary creativity. Indigenous people have occupied its different habitats while transforming the landscape and themselves, with extraordinary dedication and success. This dictionary opens a window to these peoples through many entries, in an integrated approach that allows to connect the multiple facets of indigenous life before 1492. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Ancient South America contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 700 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and the culture of ancient South America. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about ancient South America.

Historical Dictionary of the Russian Revolution focuses on the leading individuals, ideas, political parties and main events that were central to the transformation of Russia during the revolution. The time period runs from January 1917 through to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk that took Russia out of the First World War in March 1918. It covers the main events, ideas, people and parties and takes the story of the revolution from the eve of the overthrowing of Tsar Nicholas II through to the Bolshevik seizure of power, the first six months of Leninist rule and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk that ended Russia's involvement in the First World War. Historical Dictionary of the Russian Revolution contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 200 cross-referenced entries on the revolutions, the First World War, political parties, ideologies and individuals, and the main events that defined the course of the Russian Revolution. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the Russian Revolution.

An all-purpose reference perfect for English- and Spanish-speaking students

Whether you are a native English-speaking student learning Spanish or a Spanish-speaking student working on your English homework, "VOX Spanish and English School Dictionary" has what you need as a beginning or intermediate learner of the language. More than 30,000 entries and 70,000 translations Written with your needs in mind--school lessons, homework, class discussions, and more Up-to-date word list with a special emphasis on everyday language, colloquial expressions, and idioms, as well as current technical, scientific, and business terms