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Books > Business & Economics > Economics > Microeconomics > Domestic trade
South Asia is highly vulnerable to climate change. Given that many
of the poor live in areas prone to climactic shifts and in
occupations that are highly climate-sensitive, such as agriculture
and fisheries, future climate change could have significant
implications for living standards. At the same time, the effect of
climate change will vary significantly depending on the level of
exposure and the inherent adaptive capacities of individuals,
households, and communities. It is therefore important to
understand how climate varies spatially and over time at a
relatively granular level and to better understand the
corresponding spatial effects of climate change on living
standards. This report will aid in the development of targeted
policies to improve resilience of the people, especially the poor
and vulnerable, to future climatic shifts. Using historic and
projected climate and household survey data, this study
investigates the historic spatial patterns of climate change across
South Asia at the district level, the effect of changes in
long-term average climate on living standards at the household
level, and where the future hotspots may be. The analysis
complements studies that have investigated effects of extreme
climate events and finds that projected future temperature and
precipitation changes could create a significant challenge for
certain geographic areas and populations, which could reduce gains
in increases to living standards that have taken place over the
past decades.
To adequately protect an organization, physical security must go
beyond the "gates, guns, and guards" mentality that characterizes
most security programs. Creating a sound security plan involves
understanding not only security requirements but also the dynamics
of the marketplace, employee issues, and management goals. The
Complete Guide to Physical Security discusses the assets of a
facility people, building, and location and the various means to
protect them. It emphasizes the marriage of technology and physical
hardware to help those tasked with protecting these assets to
operate successfully in the ever-changing world of security.
The book covers specific physical security technologies, such as
intrusion detection, access control, and video surveillance systems
including networked video. It addresses the reasoning behind
installations, how to work with contractors, and how to develop a
central station for monitoring. It also discusses government
regulations for building secured facilities and SCIFs (Sensitive
Compartmented Information Facilities). Case examples demonstrate
the alignment of security program management techniques with not
only the core physical security elements and technologies but also
operational security practices.
The authors of this book have nearly 50 years combined
experience in the security industry including the physical security
and security management arenas. Their insights provide the
foundation for security professionals to develop a comprehensive
approach to achieving physical security requirements while also
establishing leadership roles that help further the overall mission
of their organization.
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The typical British publicly traded company has widely dispersed
share ownership and is run by professionally trained managers who
collectively own an insufficiently large percentage of shares to
dictate the outcome when shareholders vote. This separation of
ownership and control has not only dictated the tenor of corporate
governance debate in Britain but serves to distinguish the UK from
most other countries. Existing theories fail to account adequately
for arrangements in the UK. Corporate Ownership and Control
accordingly seeks to explain why ownership became divorced from
control in major British companies.
The book is organized by reference to the 'sell side', which
encompasses the factors that might prompt those owning large blocks
of shares to exit or accept dilution of their stake, and the 'buy
side', which involves factors that motivate investors to buy
equities and deter the new shareholders from themselves exercising
control. The book's approach is strongly historical in orientation,
as it examines how matters evolved from the 17th century right
through to today. While a modern-style divorce of ownership and
control can be traced back at least as far as mid-19th century
railways, the 'outsider/arms-length' system of ownership and
control that currently characterizes British corporate governance
did not crystallize until the middle of the 20th century. The book
brings the story right up to date by showing current arrangements
are likely to be durable. Correspondingly, the insights the book
offers should remain salient for some time to come.
Le Deal is a business adventure story involving raw
entrepreneurship and high-level politics. It is the true story of
Byrne Murphy, a businessman who abruptly moved to Paris with his
wife and baby daughter in a quest to reignite his career and his
fortunes. He quickly finds himself up against strange and powerful
forces for which he is ill prepared.
Horses played a vital role in the economy of pre-industrial England. They acted as draught animals, pulled ploughs, waggons and coaches, worked machines, and transported goods around the country. As saddle animals they enabled their riders to carry out a wide variety of tasks, and at all levels of society they were regarded as status symbols in a unique relationship with man shared by no other animal. During the Tudor and Stuart period, horses were needed in ever-growing numbers, and for a greater variety of tasks. As demand grew, improvements became necessary in the means of supply and distribution. The agents of change, the specialist dealers, were often condemned as rogues and cheats, whose actions raised prices and caused shortages. Dr Edwards argues that, far from being generally unscrupulous, the dealers were no better or worse than those amongst whom they lived and worked.
The Correspondence of Robert Dodsley 1733-1764 brings to light much
previously unpublished detail for the study of eighteenth-century
British literary and publishing history. It is a fully annotated
edition of letters exchanged between Robert Dodsley - London's
leading literary publisher of the mid eighteenth century - and his
authors, members of the book trade, and friends. Numbering about
four hundred pieces, the correspondence reflects the publisher's
relations with such people as Edmund Burke, the 4th Earl of
Chesterfield, David Garrick, Thomas Gray, David Hume, Samuel
Johnson, Laurence Sterne, and Horace Walpole. A lengthy
introduction provides an account of Dodsley's publishing career,
including his negotiations with authors and other publishers, and
offers many insights into the technical and financial operation of
the contemporary book trade.
This book offers a detailed study of the types of trade that occurred in a medieval English market town. It focuses above all on the identity of buyers and sellers in late fourteenth-century Exeter, a port town that enjoyed particularly good overland connections throughout south-western England. More than most town histories, it explores the dynamic relationship between town and country, and traces how the urban center linked local and regional networks of exchange.
An important phase in the American book trade's shift from colonial
craft work to nineteenth-century big business took place in the
early national period, as printers began to take on the risks of
book publishing by creating and serving new markets. The focus of
Printers and Men of Capital is a group of late eighteenth-century
printers in Philadelphia who came of age during the years of the
Revolution. While the new nation was being formed and defined,
these men were seeking to build a publishing industry and establish
themselves in their trade. In the 1780s and 1790s, men like
Benjamin Franklin Bache and William Duane evolved from printing
craftsmen to activist newspaper publishers. Other printers,
including Mathew Carey, Thomas Dobson, and William Woodward, turned
their sights on book publishing. Rosalind Remer focuses on the
risk-taking strategies of these latter entrepreneurs and on the
younger firms that learned from them. She shows how they combined
many traditional eighteenth-century forms of business organization
with newer methods of financing, sales, and distribution. Making
use of the publishers' business records and correspondence, as well
as the books they produced, Printers and Men of Capital makes a
genuine contribution to our understanding of the development of a
domestic economy and culture.
New Tools for Succeeding Globally Why do so many global strategies
fail--despite companies' powerful brands and other border-crossing
advantages? Because a one-size-fits-all strategy no longer stands a
chance. When firms believe in the illusions of a "flat" world and
the death of distance, they charge across borders as if the globe
were one seamless marketplace. But cross-border differences are
larger than we assume. Most economic activity--including trade,
real and financial investment, tourism, and communication--happens
locally, not internationally. In this "semiglobalized" approach,
companies can cross borders more profitably by basing their
strategies on the geopolitical differences that matter; they must
identify the barriers their strategies will have to overcome, and
they must build bridges to cross those barriers. Based on rigorous
research, Pankaj Ghemawat shows how to create successful strategies
and provides practical management tools so you can: Assess the
cultural, administrative, geographic, and economic differences
between regions at the industry level--and decide which ones
require attention Track the implications of the specific
border-crossing actions that will impact your company's ability to
create value the most Generate superior performance through
strategies that are optimized for the three A's: adaptation
(adjusting to differences), aggregation (overcoming differences),
and arbitrage (exploiting differences) Using in-depth examples,
Ghemawat reveals how companies such as Cemex, Toyota, Procter &
Gamble, Tata Consultancy Services, IBM, and GE Healthcare are
adroitly managing cross-border differences. He also shares examples
of other well-known companies that have failed at this challenge.
Crucial for any business competing across borders, Redefining
Global Strategy will help you make the most of our semiglobalized
world.
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