Renewable energy has never been more important than it is today, as climate change becomes arguably the world's most essential problem to be solved. Solving this problem is proving difficult and complex - none more so than for emerging economies that are undergoing rapid economic development with increasing use of fossil fuels. There are many challenges for these countries that are making efforts to promote renewable energy use, with limited resources. Good government policies and corporate strategies are essential to support these efforts as a part of the global climate change crisis. This important book addresses the very latest developments in renewable energy management plus the key challenges and risks. Potential new policies and strategies for the further growth of renewable energies in emerging economies, together with high-level business case examples of renewable management in emerging economies, are addressed. This book is essential reading for policy makers, government employees, business executives, professionals, researchers and academics looking to improve global renewable energy policies, investments and management.

Life Cycle Assessment of Wastewater Treatment addresses in detail the required in-depth life cycle assessment of wastewater treatment. This is to meet the special demands placed upon wastewater treatment processes, due to both the limited quantity and often low quality of water supplies. Wastewater management clearly plays a central role in achieving future water security in a world where water stress is expected to increase. Life cycle assessment (LCA) can be used as a tool to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with wastewater treatment and potential improvement options. This unique volume will focus on the analysis of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Key Features: Focuses on the analysis of wastewater treatment plants using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach Discusses unconventional water sources such as recycled wastewater, brackish groundwater and desalinated seawater Explains life cycle assessment in detail, which has become one of the reference methods used to assess the environmental performance of processes over their complete life cycle, from raw material extraction, infrastructure construction and operation to final dismantling Explores a technique (LCA) that is becoming increasingly popular amongst researchers in the water treatment field nowadays because of its holistic approach Based on the real life experiences, the subject of wastewater is presented in simple terms and made accessible to anyone willing to learn and experiment

Kinetic Studies in GeO2/Ge System: A Retrospective from 2021 investigates reaction kinetics in GeO2/Ge systems, aiming to demonstrate the fundamentals of the GeO2/Ge interface and to give insight into the distinctive features and performance of Ge (germanium) applied to advanced complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices. This book first reviews the development of MOS technology and discusses the potentials of emerging Ge and the challenges facing it as a contentious channel material, once promising to replace Si (silicon) for advanced nodes. The study systematically analyzes the following aspects of GeO2/Ge stacks that will shed light on the characteristics and reaction principles of the system: GeO2/Ge degradation, Ge passivation techniques, desorption kinetics of GeO from GeO2/Ge, the relationship between GeO2 crystallization and GeO2/Ge interface reaction, and the oxidation kinetics of Ge. Based on findings from the intrinsic properties of GeO2/Ge, the author also compares it with prevalent SiO2/Si systems and demonstrates the essential differences between the two, contributing to quality control, process optimization, and technology advancements of GeO2/Ge. The book will be a useful reference for researchers, professionals, and students interested in electronic materials, condenser matter physics, microelectronic engineering, and semiconductors.

Presents a comprehensive introduction of rubber structure in oil and gas industry. Presents a numerical modeling method of rubber structure in oil and gas industry. Discusses mechanical behavior and working characteristics analysis of rubber structure. Discusses failure mechanism of rubber structure under different working conditions.

This book presents a synthesized design principle versus the existing separation principle of modern control theory of over six decades since the start. Guided by this new principle, a generalized state feedback control can be designed based on the parameters of observer and for a great majority of plant systems, and the robust property of this control can be fully realized. The robust property of the existing state feedback control which is designed separate from the parameters of its realizing observer, cannot be realized for a great majority of plant systems. By freely design and adjust the observer order, the corresponding generalized state feedback control can unify completely the existing state feedback control and static output feedback control, and can adjust effectively the tradeoff between performance and robustness. This generalized state feedback control can assign eigen-structure, and can improve performance and robustness far more effectively than the control designed using classical control theory. Equally significant, the results of this book are very simple that can be comprehended and grasped very easily. These results are introduced and illustrated from the basic level, and use only the basic mathematical tools. Ample examples and exercise problems that can be solved by hand computation, are provided. This third edition made substantial improvement on this aspect. Modern control theoreticians only formulated the feedback control design problem in various ways, the point however is to really solve this problem.

This book aims to cover a new emerging need in designing digital phase shifter for modern communication systems. With the advancement of new generation mobile communication systems, directed beams of antenna arrays save a substantial amount of power as well as improve the communication quality. In this regard, beam-forming circuits, such as digital phase shifters (DPS) constitute essential parts of the antenna array systems. Therefore, this book is devoted to the design of digital phase shifters for various communications systems. Nowadays, phase array systems demand compact phase shifters suitable for chip implementation with wide phase-range and broad frequency band. Each chapter of this book is organized as stand-alone in such a way that the reader requires no specific background acquired from the other chapters. For each phase shifter topology introduced in this book, the reader is furnished with explicit design equations to construct the circuit under consideration. Furthermore, design equations are programmed using MATLAB to assess the electrical performance of the phase shifters with ideal and lossy components. MATLAB design programs are given at the and of each chapter as appendices and provided as soft copy on the web page of the book. In chapters 12 and 14, MMIC layouts for the lattice and T-section based DPS are provided for the readers. It is hoped that an interested reader can immediately identifies the "optimum phase shifter topology" for the need under consideration with its estimated electric performance.

Covers recent progress on green catalysts derived from biomass Explores biomass conversion to different resources Introduces utilization of bio-waste in environmental aspects Discusses biomass applications in different types of energy Proposes microbial waste biomass as a resource of renewable energy

Compressed Sensing (CS) in theory deals with the problem of recovering a sparse signal from an under-determined system of linear equations. The topic is of immense practical significance since all naturally occurring signals can be sparsely represented in some domain. In recent years, CS has helped reduce scan time in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (making scans more feasible for pediatric and geriatric subjects) and has also helped reduce the health hazard in X-Ray Computed CT. This book is a valuable resource suitable for an engineering student in signal processing and requires a basic understanding of signal processing and linear algebra. Covers fundamental concepts of compressed sensing Makes subject matter accessible for engineers of various levels Focuses on algorithms including group-sparsity and row-sparsity, as well as applications to computational imaging, medical imaging, biomedical signal processing, and machine learning Includes MATLAB examples for further development

Design of Hydrodynamic Machines provides a broad, yet concise, theoretical background on the relationship between fluid dynamics and geometry. It covers the most important types of turbomachinery used in power generation industrial processes, utilities, and the oil and gas industry. Offering guidance on the hydraulic design aspect of different parts of turbomachinery, such as impellers, diffusers, volute casing, inlet and outlets, the book discusses how to conduct performance characteristics testing and evaluate performance parameters of the designed parts. It also covers aspects of CFD of turbomachinery. Readers will be able to perform hydraulic design of important turbomachinery parts using commercially available software. Intended for final year undergraduates and postgraduates in mechanical, civil, and aeronautical engineering, the book will also be useful for those involved in the hydraulic design, analysis, and testing of turbomachinery.

Spiralling fuel costs, frequent power cuts, 'energy wars' with fuel rich countries holding consumers to ransom - these are just some of the issues that are helping to ensure that microgeneration of power, at the individual building level, is becoming a more and more attractive option to 'grid power'.
In this book author Dave Parker describes the many and varied microgeneration options, from wind turbines and solar power to biomass and heatsinks, and even gives advice on how architects and developers can best access the increasingly large amount of government funding to help implement these strategies.
This book can help those in the building and construction industry to really make a difference in the fight against climate change, by explaining how to utilise the technology already within our reach.
* Comprehensive review of the latest technology available
* Shows how to assess/compare/combine the merits of the available systems
* Gives hard information on how to adopt appropriate microgeneration technology for a specific project

Direct3D 11 offers such a wealth of capabilities that users can sometimes get lost in the details of specific APIs and their implementation. While there is a great deal of low-level information available about how each API function should be used, there is little documentation that shows how best to leverage these capabilities. Written by active members of the Direct3D community, Practical Rendering and Computation with Direct3D 11 provides a deep understanding of both the high and low level concepts related to using Direct3D 11. The first part of the book presents a conceptual introduction to Direct3D 11, including an overview of the Direct3D 11 rendering and computation pipelines and how they map to the underlying hardware. It also provides a detailed look at all of the major components of the library, covering resources, pipeline details, and multithreaded rendering. Building upon this material, the second part of the text includes detailed examples of how to use Direct3D 11 in common rendering scenarios. The authors describe sample algorithms in-depth and discuss how the features of Direct3D 11 can be used to your advantage. All of the source code from the book is accessible on an actively maintained open source rendering framework. The sample applications and the framework itself can be downloaded from http://hieroglyph3.codeplex.com By analyzing when to use various tools and the tradeoffs between different implementations, this book helps you understand the best way to accomplish a given task and thereby fully leverage the potential capabilities of Direct3D 11. Key Features Presents the high level concepts used to design algorithms Describes the nuts and bolts of how to implement the algorithms Explains each of the major components of the Direct3D 11 library Shows how Direct3D 11 can be used in a variety of real-world situations Provides source code and sample programs on a supplementary website

This book forges a link between residential CO2 emissions and time use, focussing on China as a key case study. To provide a better understanding of the energy implications of the lifestyle differences between urban and rural China, Pui Ting Wong and Yuan Xu utilise time-use methodology as an alternative way to explore the links between individual lifestyle and residential electricity consumption. They begin by examining how Chinese citizens divide their time between daily activities, highlighting patterns around indicators including age, gender, education, and economic status. They go on to quantify CO2 intensities of these time-use activities. Through this linkage, this book presents an alternative strategy for climate-friendly living, highlighting the ways in which urban planning can be deployed to help individuals adapt their time-use patterns for CO2 mitigation. Providing a novel contribution to the growing literature on residential electricity consumption, Residential Electricity Consumption in Urbanizing China will be of great interest to scholars of climate policy, energy studies, time use, and urban planning.

This book covers the very important principle of nanobiotechnology as applied in the petroleum industry and how it can be used for Oil recovery Microbial enhanced oil recovery Petroleum refinery, such as, for example, desulfurization, denitrogenation, demetallization, biotransformation, and bio-upgrading Bioremediation of oil polluted soil and water Mitigation of microbial corrosion and bio-fouling Toxicity of nano-materials and its obstacles upon application Nanobiotechnology in petroleum industry and the 17 goals of sustainable development.

This textbook entitled Fundamentals of Perovskite Oxides: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Applications summarizes the structure, synthesis routes, and potential applications of perovskite oxide materials. Since these perovskite-type ceramic materials offer opportunities in a wide range of fields of science and engineering, the chapters are broadly organized into four sections of perovskite-type oxide materials and technology. Covers recent developments in perovskite oxides Serves as a quick reference of perovskite oxides information Describes novel synthesis routes for nanostructured perovskites Discusses comprehensive details for various crystal structures, synthesis methods, properties, and applications Applies to academic education, scientific research, and industrial R&D for materials research in real-world applications like bioengineering, catalysis, energy conversion, energy storage, environmental engineering, and data storage and sensing This book serves as a handy and practical guideline suitable for students, engineers, and researchers working with advanced ceramic materials.

Synergistic Design of Sustainable Built Environments introduces and illustrates a novel systems approach that fosters both design excellence and a leap toward a more biocentric (ecologically sustainable) design paradigm. The book provides a deeper understanding of the theories and principles of biocentric design and offers detailed descriptions of the synergistic design process of integrating theories and principles into practice. It also presents extensive thermal and visual built environment design strategies, along with qualitative and quantitative information that designers can use to generate feasible solutions in response to varying climate and occupant comfort. Features: Examines the principles and practices of the synergistic design (a fusion of anthropocentric and biocentric) of sustainable built environments and how they relate to practical applications. Presents climatic data and its analysis along with sun-path diagrams for numerous cities to aid in the design of sustainable built environments in multiple regional contexts. Includes numerous case studies of sustainable built environments in varying climatic zones. Explains how renewable energy (solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, hydro, fuel cells) can be successfully integrated in the built environment. This forward-thinking and highly illustrated book will be an invaluable reference to all those concerned with sustainable built environments and related architectural issues.

This title provides a unique theoretical framework for multi-mode resonant antennas and different approaches to their implementation, with an emphasis on mode gauge functionality, a new concept for a clear identification and flexible control of all usable resonant modes in multi-mode resonant antenna design. The book commences by advancing a generalized odd-even mode theory as a general theoretical framework for resonant elementary antennas, offering new insights into the classical problem of coupling effects between antenna and transmission lines and helping reveal the operation mechanism of elementary antennas under multi-mode resonance. Then, the concept of "mode gauge" is developed and employed for wideband elementary antenna design by simultaneously exciting and tuning multiple resonant modes within a single radiator. Apart from theoretical explorations, the authors also provide analysis of up-to-date implementation of multi-mode resonant elementary antennas with different functionalities, including wideband antennas, circularly polarized antennas, multiband antennas, frequency scanning antennas and low-profile antennas. Academics, students and professional engineers at all levels will greatly benefit from the book and will be provided with historical background, state-of-the-art methodology, useful design tools and multiple applications of multi-mode resonant antennas.

Transmission of Electrical Energy: Overhead Lines takes a computational approach through the use of the Alternative Transient Program (ATPdraw), which is a program of worldwide use. The number of exercises solved, including computer simulations with ATPdraw and source codes in MATLAB (R) make the work didactic and easy to assimilate, even for those readers new to the subject. The subjects presented throughout the text aims to make the reader understand and gain sufficient knowledge to analyze the operation of overhead transmission lines in a steady-state and in a transient state, besides carrying out an introductory project of a steady-state transmission line. The book can be used in both undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering.

This book describes a cross-domain architecture and design tools for networked complex systems where application subsystems of different criticality coexist and interact on networked multi-core chips. The architecture leverages multi-core platforms for a hierarchical system perspective of mixed-criticality applications. This system perspective is realized by virtualization to establish security, safety and real-time performance. The impact further includes a reduction of time-to-market, decreased development, deployment and maintenance cost, and the exploitation of the economies of scale through cross-domain components and tools. Describes an end-to-end architecture for hypervisor-level, chip-level, and cluster level. Offers a solution for different types of resources including processors, on-chip communication, off-chip communication, and I/O. Provides a cross-domain approach with examples for wind-power, health-care, and avionics. Introduces hierarchical adaptation strategies for mixed-criticality systems Provides modular verification and certification methods for the seamless integration of mixed-criticality systems. Covers platform technologies, along with a methodology for the development process. Presents an experimental evaluation of technological results in cooperation with industrial partners. The information in this book will be extremely useful to industry leaders who design and manufacture products with distributed embedded systems in mixed-criticality use-cases. It will also benefit suppliers of embedded components or development tools used in this area. As an educational tool, this material can be used to teach students and working professionals in areas including embedded systems, computer networks, system architecture, dependability, real-time systems, and avionics, wind-power and health-care systems.

This book introduces electrical machine modeling and control for electrical engineering and science to graduate, undergraduate students as well as researchers, who are working on modeling and control of electrical machines. It targets electrical engineering students who have no time to derive mathematical equations for electrical machines in particular induction machine (IM) and doubly fed induction machines (DFIM). The main focus is on the application of field oriented control technique to induction motor (IM) and doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) in details, and since the induction motors have many drawback using this technique, therefore the application of a nonlinear control technique (feedback linearization) is applied to a reduced order model of DFIM to enhance the performance of doubly fed induction motor. Features Serves as text book for electrical motor modeling, simulation and control; especially modeling of induction motor and doubly fed induction motor using different frame of references. Vector control (field oriented control) is given in more detailed, and is applied to induction motor. A nonlinear controller is applied to a reduced model of an doubly induction motor associated with a linear observer to estimate the unmeasured load torque, which is used to enhance the performance of the vector control to doubly fed induction motor. Access to the full MATLAB/SIMULINK blocks for simulation and control.

New innovations are needed for the invention of more efficient, affordable, sustainable and renewable energy systems, as well as for the mitigation of climate change and global environmental issues. In response to a fast-growing interest in the realm of renewable energy, Renewable Energy Systems: Efficiency, Innovation and Sustainability identifies a need to synthesize relevant and up-to-date information in a single volume. This book describes a systems approach to renewable energy, including technological, political, economic, social and environmental viewpoints, as well as policies and benefits. This unique and concise text, encompassing all aspects of the field in a single source, focuses on truly promising innovative and affordable renewable energy systems. Key Features: Focuses on innovations in renewable energy systems that are affordable and sustainable Collates the most relevant and up-to-date information on renewable energy systems, in a single and unique volume Discusses lifecycle assessment, cost and availability of systems Emphasizes bio-related topics Provides a systems approach to the renewable energy technologies and discusses technological, political, economic, social, and environmental viewpoints as well as policies

Swarm system, also known as multi-agent system, refers to a system composed of multiple subsystems (agents) with certain communication, calculation, decision-making, and action capabilities through local information interaction, such as a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), satellites, etc. Formation tracking control of swarm systems is an important technical support and approach for the emergence of swarm intelligence at motion control level. By applying formation tracking control, swarm system agents can adjust their relations in the state or output space through neighboring information interaction, and then the swarm system can achieve favorable space-time conditions for many cooperative tasks such as source seeking, target enclosing, and surveillance. Thus, complex missions can be performed efficiently or cost-effectively. In cross-domain collaborative applications, including air-ground coordination and air-sea coordination, swarm systems are usually composed of several heterogeneous agents, and swarm intelligence can be enhanced by complementary functions of different agents. How to achieve time-varying formation tracking for heterogeneous swarm systems is crucial for cross-domain coordination, which has important theoretical value and practical significance. This important book presents a systematic theoretical approach and control framework on the time-varying formation tracking for high-order heterogeneous swarm systems. Distributed controller design and stability analysis of closed-loop systems for several specific formation tracking problems are provided. Furthermore, the proposed control approaches are applied to practical cooperative experiment platforms composed of UAVs and UGVs, and several formation tracking experiments are carried out to further verify the effectiveness of the theories.

Emphasizes recent advances in bioremediation techniques towards environmental sustainability Provides detailed information on how to harness indigenous bio-resources including microorganisms as bioenhancement agents for environmental remediation Introduces new frontiers in the area of waste water treatment using microalgae important for sustainability and water safety Reviews biotechniques that could enhance higher level of sustainability in heavily polluted environment as well as provides intelligent monitoring system for waste recycling and environmental remediation, and fostering a low-carbon renewable energy based bioeconomy. Discusses the need for review of existing guidelines on chlorine disinfectant usage for enhanced water quality

The book Digital Health Transformation with Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence covers the global digital revolution in the field of healthcare sector. The population has been overcoming the COVID-19 period; therefore, we need to establish intelligent digital healthcare systems using various emerging technologies like Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence. Internet of Medical Things is the technological revolution that has included the element of "smartness" in the healthcare industry and also identifying, monitoring, and informing service providers about the patient's clinical information with faster delivery of care services. This book highlights the important issues i.e. (a) How Internet of things can be integrated with the healthcare ecosystem for better diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment of the patients, (b) Artificial Intelligence for predictive and preventive healthcare systems, (c) Blockchain for managing healthcare data to provide transparency, security, and distributed storage, and (d) Effective remote diagnostics and telemedicine approach for developing smart care. The book encompasses chapters belong to the blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, and Big health data technologies. Features: Blockchain and internet of things in healthcare systems Secure Digital Health Data Management in Internet of Things Public Perception towards AI-Driven Healthcare Security, privacy issues and challenges in adoption of smart digital healthcare Big data analytics and Internet of things in the pandemic era Clinical challenges for digital health revolution Artificial intelligence for advanced healthcare Future Trajectory of Healthcare with Artificial Intelligence 9 Parkinson disease pre-diagnosis using smart technologies Emerging technologies to combat the COVID-19 Machine Learning and Internet of Things in Digital Health Transformation Effective Remote Healthcare and Telemedicine Approaches Legal implication of blockchain technology in public health This Book on "Digital Health Transformation with Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence" aims at promoting and facilitating exchanges of research knowledge and findings across different disciplines on the design and investigation of secured healthcare data analytics. It can also be used as a textbook for a Masters course in security and biomedical engineering. This book will also present new methods for the medical data analytics, blockchain technology, and diagnosis of different diseases to improve the quality of life in general, and better integration into digital healthcare.

Covers novel semiconductor devices with sub-micron dimensions. Discusses comprehensive device optimization techniques. Examines the conceptualization and modeling of semiconductor devices. Covers circuit and sensor-based application of the novel devices. Discusses novel materials for next-generation devices.

Nowadays, many aspects of electrical and electronic engineering are essentially applications of DSP. This is due to the focus on processing information in the form of digital signals, using certain DSP hardware designed to execute software. Fundamental topics in digital signal processing are introduced with theory, analytical tables, and applications with simulation tools. The book provides a collection of solved problems on digital signal processing and statistical signal processing. The solutions are based directly on the math-formulas given in extensive tables throughout the book, so the reader can solve practical problems on signal processing quickly and efficiently. FEATURES Explains how applications of DSP can be implemented in certain programming environments designed for real time systems, ex. biomedical signal analysis and medical image processing. Pairs theory with basic concepts and supporting analytical tables. Includes an extensive collection of solved problems throughout the text. Fosters the ability to solve practical problems on signal processing without focusing on extended theory. Covers the modeling process and addresses broader fundamental issues.