Modeling of Chemical Wear is a one-stop resource for students, researchers and professionals seeking quick and effective tribological evaluations of environmentally friendly and energy efficient products. This book considers optimizing additive combinations by proper methodology, bridging the gap between theory and practice. It defines effective approaches to evaluate antiwear chemical additives commonly used in industry, enhancing the mapping ability of their performance to reduce the extent of full scale evaluations.

In recent years, production decline-curve analysis has become the most widely used tool in the industry for oil and gas reservoir production analysis. However, most curve analysis is done by computer today, promoting a "black-box" approach to engineering and leaving engineers with little background in the fundamentals of decline analysis. Advanced Production Decline Analysis and Application starts from the basic concept of advanced production decline analysis, and thoroughly discusses several decline methods, such as Arps, Fetkovich, Blasingame, Agarwal-Gardner, NPI, transient, long linear flow, and FMB. A practical systematic introduction to each method helps the reservoir engineer understand the physical and mathematical models, solve the type curves and match up analysis, analyze the processes and examples, and reconstruct all the examples by hand, giving way to master the fundamentals behind the software. An appendix explains the nomenclature and major equations, and as an added bonus, online computer programs are available for download.

Electrical steels are critical components of magnetic cores used in applications ranging from large rotating machines, including energy generating equipment, and transformers to small instrument transformers and harmonic filters. Presented over two volumes, this comprehensive handbook provides full coverage of the state-of-the-art in electrical steels. Volume 1 covers the fundamentals and basic concepts of electrical steels. Topics covered include soft magnetic materials; basic magnetic concepts; magnetic domains, energy minimisation and magnetostriction; methods of observing magnetic domains in electrical steels; electromagnetic induction; fundamentals of a.c. signals; losses and eddy currents in soft magnetic materials; rotational magnetisation and losses; anisotropy of iron and its alloys; magnetic circuits; the effect of mechanical stress on loss, permeability and magnetostriction; magnetic measurements on electrical steels; background to modern electrical steels; production of electrical steels; amorphous and nano-crystalline soft magnetic materials; nickel-iron, cobalt-iron and aluminium-iron alloys; consolidated iron powder and ferrite cores; and temperature and irradiation dependence of magnetic and mechanical properties of soft magnetic materials. The companion Volume 2 describes performance and outlines applications.

One of the main duties for reservoir engineers is reservoir study, which starts when a reservoir is explored and it continues until the reservoir abandonment. Reservoir study is a continual process and due to various reasons such as complexity at the surface and limited data, there are many uncertainties in reservoir modelling and characterization causing difficulties in reasonable history-matching and prediction phases of study. Experimental Design in Petroleum Reservoir Studies concentrates on experimental design, a trusted method in reservoir management, to analyze and take the guesswork out of the uncertainties surrounding the underdeveloped reservoir. Case studies from the Barnett shale and fractured reservoirs in the Middle East are just some of the practical examples included. Other relevant discussions on uncertainty in PVT, field performance data, and relevant outcomes of experimental design all help you gain insight into how better data can improve measurement tools, your model, and your reservoir assets.

The focus of this book is on utility transformation and the value the Smart Grid and associated technologies bring to it. As individuals challenge the utility's mandate to deliver reliable power, utilities must move beyond technology implementations and on to business transformations to keep up with the changing landscape. The book begins by redefining the Smart Grid before elaborating on technologies, such as distribution automation, energy storage, distributed energy resources, microgrids, data analytics, electric transportation, and smart homes, and how each has the potential to transform the utility industry. It highlights the journey to electric utility 3.0 and provides solid examples and real-world case studies from other industries like telecom, cable-TV and automobiles. The book also discusses how an individual can apply these technologies to his/her respective situations. Readers will find guidance on new energy storage solutions and electric value chain disruptors and can learn how to overcome challenges related to integrating supply and demand diversity.

Over the last three decades, the search for competitiveness and growth gains has driven the evolution of machine maintenance policies, and the industry has moved from passive maintenance to active maintenance with the aim of improving productivity. Active maintenance requires continuous monitoring of industrial systems in order to increase reliability, availability rates and guarantee the safety of people and property. This book presents the main advanced signal processing techniques for fault detection and diagnosis in electromechanical systems. It focuses on presenting these advanced tools from time-frequency representation and time-scale analysis to demodulation techniques, including innovative and recently developed options. Each technique is evaluated and compared, and its advantages and drawbacks highlighted. Parametric spectral analysis, which aims to handle some of the main drawbacks of these approaches, is introduced as a potential solution. Signal Processing for Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Electric Machines and Systems offers thorough, analytical coverage of the following topics: parametric signal processing approach; the signal demodulation techniques; Kullback-Leibler divergence for incipient fault diagnosis; high-order spectra (HOS); and fault detection and diagnosis based on principal component analysis. Finally, a brief conclusion suggests some possibilities for the future direction of the field. The book is a useful resource for researchers and engineers whose work involves electrical machines or fault detection specifically, and also of value to postgraduate students with an interest in entering this field.

The Smart Grid security ecosystem is complex and multi-disciplinary, and relatively under-researched compared to the traditional information and network security disciplines. While the Smart Grid has provided increased efficiencies in monitoring power usage, directing power supplies to serve peak power needs and improving efficiency of power delivery, the Smart Grid has also opened the way for information security breaches and other types of security breaches. Potential threats range from meter manipulation to directed, high-impact attacks on critical infrastructure that could bring down regional or national power grids. It is essential that security measures are put in place to ensure that the Smart Grid does not succumb to these threats and to safeguard this critical infrastructure at all times. Dr. Florian Skopik is one of the leading researchers in Smart Grid security, having organized and led research consortia and panel discussions in this field. Smart Grid Security will provide the first truly holistic view of leading edge Smart Grid security research. This book does not focus on vendor-specific solutions, instead providing a complete presentation of forward-looking research in all areas of Smart Grid security. The book will enable practitioners to learn about upcoming trends, scientists to share new directions in research, and government and industry decision-makers to prepare for major strategic decisions regarding implementation of Smart Grid technology.

Cement production is known to be a polluting and energy-intensive industry. Cement plants account for 5 percent of global emissions of carbon dioxide and one of the main causes of global warming. However, cement it is literally the glue of progress. Designing Green Cement Plants provides the tools and techniques for designing new large cement plants that would promote sustainable growth, preserve natural resources to the maximum possible extent and make least possible additions to the Greenhouse Gases that cause global warming. Brief and but authoritative, this title embraces new technologies and methods such as Carbon Capture and Sequestration, as well as methods for harnessing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. The author also discusses the efficient use of energy and materials through the use recycling. In addition, this book also examines thepossibilities of developing green cement substitutes such as Calera, Caliix, Novacem, Aether and Geopolymer cements.

Solar Photovoltaic Cells: Photons to Electricity outlines our need for photovoltaics - a field which is exploding in popularity and importance. This concise book provides a thorough understanding of solar photovoltaic cells including how these devices work, what can be done to optimize the technology, and future trends in the marketplace. This book contains a detailed and logical step-by-step explanation of thermodynamically-consistent solar cell operating physics, a comparison of advanced multi-junction CPV power plants versus combined-cycle thermal power plants in the framework of energy cascading, and a discussion of solar cell semiconductor resource limitations and the scalability of solar electricity as we move forward. Quantitative examples allow the reader to understand the scope of solar PV and the challenges and opportunities of producing clean electricity.

Fundamentals of Radiation and Chemical Safety covers the effects and mechanisms involved in radiation and chemical exposure on humans. The mechanisms and effects of these damaging factors have many aspects in common, as do their research methodology and the methods used for data processing. In many cases of these types of exposures the same final effect can also be noted: Cancer. Low doses of radiation and small doses of chemical exposure are continuously active and they could influence the entire population. The analysis of these two main source hazards on the lives of the human population is covered here for the first time in a single volume determining and demonstrating their common basis. Fundamentals of Radiation and Chemical Safety includes the necessary knowledge from nuclear physics, chemistry and biology, as well the methods of processing the experimental results. This title focuses on the effects of low radiation dosage and chemical hormesis as well as the hazards associated with, and safety precautions in radiation and chemicals, rather than the more commonly noted safety issues high level emergencies and disasters of this type.

Considering the ever-rising costs of traditional fuel paired and the increasing scarcity of its resources, it s easy to see why exploring renewable fuels has become an increasingly critical goal for engineers, researchers, and end-users alike. However, due to the great diversity of technologies, policies, and attitudes, it can be difficult to gain a good well-rounded understanding of these types of fuels. "Renewable Motor Fuels: The Past, the Present and the Uncertain Future" presents an opportunity to gain an insightful understanding of all the key aspects of alternative automotive fuels in one book. Author Arthur Brownstein describes various sources of renewable motor fuels (including ethanol, algae, isobutanol, natural gas, and battery power) and their production processes, specific properties, and economic advantages/disadvantages. This comprehensive coverage of such an important topic is crucial for anyone with an interest in renewable fuels, from researchers to engineers to end-users.
Presents a clear overview on a variety renewable motor fuel technologies, balancing history, technology, and policyProvides the status of current and developing renewable motor fuel technologies and their uses worldwideDiscusses the competitive economics of renewable fuel processes and their respective market interactions"

'Direct Microbial Conversion of Biomass to Advanced Biofuels' is a stylized text that is rich in both the basic and applied sciences. It provides a higher level summary of the most important aspects of the topic, addressing critical problems solved by deep science. Expert users will find new, critical methods that can be applied to their work, detailed experimental plans, important outcomes given for illustrative problems, and conclusions drawn for specific studies that address broad based issues. A broad range of readers will find this to be a comprehensive, informational text on the subject matter, including experimentalists and even CEOs deciding on new business directions.

This book explores new methods, architectures, tools, and algorithms for Artificial Intelligence Hardware Accelerators. The authors have structured the material to simplify readers’ journey toward understanding the aspects of designing hardware accelerators, complex AI algorithms, and their computational requirements, along with the multifaceted applications. Coverage focuses broadly on the hardware aspects of training, inference, mobile devices, and autonomous vehicles (AVs) based AI accelerators