From the famous oilpatch that spread from West Texas to New Mexico, Alaska, China, and other locales, Hubert H. Hays (1935-2005) drilled for oil. He drilled for fifty years-and he was good at it. He knew what negative 70 degrees does to casing and drill pipe. He knew what 500 degrees downhole does to affect drilling. He set records drilling gas wells and never had a blowout. Hays had a worldwide reputation that preceded him, and he probably drilled as many wells as any other man during his time. But alongside learning the ins and outs needed for such a successful five-decade career in oil, Hays came to know the eclectic cast of roughnecks that can make up a good crew. He heard about the colorful lives they led and the myriad paths oilmen take. Driller, compiled from notes and recordings by his wife Catherine and edited by Russ McAfee, tells the story of Hays's life in oil: the ups and downs, the wisdom and the difficulty of the center of our energy needs. Readers will come away with invaluable technical knowledge, colorful stories, and a clear-eyed sense of the real oilfield seen by the men who plumb the earth for energy.

When Fracking Comes to Town traces the response of local communities to the shale gas revolution. Rather than cast communities as powerless to respond to oil and gas companies and their landmen, it shows that communities have adapted their local rules and regulations to meet the novel challenges accompanying unconventional gas extraction through fracking. The multidisciplinary perspectives of this volume's essays tie together insights from planners, legal scholars, political scientists, and economists. What emerges is a more nuanced perspective of shale gas development and its impacts on municipalities and residents. Unlike many political debates that cast fracking in black-and-white terms, this book's contributors embrace the complexity of local responses to fracking. States adapted legal institutions to meet the new challenges posed by this energy extraction process while under-resourced municipal officials and local planning offices found creative ways to alleviate pressure on local infrastructure and reduce harmful effects of fracking on the environment. The essays in When Fracking Comes to Town tell a story of community resilience with the rise and decline of shale gas production. Contributors: Ennio Piano, Ann M. Eisenberg, Pamela A. Mischen, Joseph T. Palka, Jr., Adelyn Hall, Carla Chifos, Teresa Cordova, Rebecca Matsco, Anna C. Osland, Carolyn G. Loh, Gavin Roberts, Sandeep Kumar Rangaraju, Frederick Tannery, Larry McCarthy, Erik R. Pages, Mark C. White, Martin Romitti, Nicholas G. McClure, Ion Simonides, Jeremy G. Weber, Max Harleman, Heidi Gorovitz Robertson

This open access book is an encyclopaedic analysis of the current and future energy system of the world's most populous country and second biggest economy. What happens in China impacts the planet. In the past 40 years China has achieved one of the most remarkable economic growth rates in history. Its GDP has risen by a factor of 65, enabling 850,000 people to rise out of poverty. Growth on this scale comes with consequences. China is the world's biggest consumer of primary energy and the world's biggest emitter of CO2 emissions. Creating a prosperous and harmonious society that delivers economic growth and a high quality of life for all will require radical change in the energy sector, and a rewiring of the economy more widely. In China's Energy Revolution in the Context of the Global Energy Transition, a team of researchers from the Development Research Center of the State Council of China and Shell International examine how China can revolutionise its supply and use of energy. They examine the entire energy system: coal, oil, gas, nuclear, renewables and new energies in production, conversion, distribution and consumption. They compare China with case studies and lessons learned in other countries. They ask which technology, policy and market mechanisms are required to support the change and they explore how international cooperation can smooth the way to an energy revolution in China and across the world. And, they create and compare scenarios on possible pathways to a future energy system that is low-carbon, affordable, secure and reliable.

The government documents included in this book are comprised of reports and testimonies from June 2018 to September 2018 on research and development in the United States. The first report examines research and development projects started from 2010 through 2017 on advanced fossil energy. For over 100 years, three fossil fuel sources -- coal, oil and natural gas -- have made up at least 80% of total US energy consumption. While fossil fuels are associated with some negative environmental impacts a such as carbon dioxide emissions, the predominance of coal, oil and natural gas is likely to continue into the future. The second report focuses on considerations for maintaining US competitiveness in Quantum Computing, Synthetic Biology and other potentially transformational research advances. Federal support in such areas can accelerate innovation and drive technological advances and promote US competitiveness in the global economy. The third and final report focuses on additional actions needed to improve licensing of patented laboratory inventions. The GAO was asked to review agency practices for managing inventions developed at federal labs, with a particular focus on patent licensing. This report examines the challenges in licensing patents and steps take to address and report them.

How Can We Lower the Power Consumption of Gas Sensors? There is a growing demand for low-power, high-density gas sensor arrays that can overcome problems relative to high power consumption. Low power consumption is a prerequisite for any type of sensor system to operate at optimum efficiency. Focused on fabrication-friendly microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and other areas of sensor technology, MEMS and Nanotechnology for Gas Sensors explores the distinct advantages of using MEMS in low power consumption, and provides extensive coverage of the MEMS/nanotechnology platform for gas sensor applications. This book outlines the microfabrication technology needed to fabricate a gas sensor on a MEMS platform. It discusses semiconductors, graphene, nanocrystalline ZnO-based microfabricated sensors, and nanostructures for volatile organic compounds. It also includes performance parameters for the state of the art of sensors, and the applications of MEMS and nanotechnology in different areas relevant to the sensor domain. In addition, the book includes: An introduction to MEMS for MEMS materials, and a historical background of MEMS A concept for cleanroom technology The substrate materials used for MEMS Two types of deposition techniques, including chemical vapour deposition (CVD) The properties and types of photoresists, and the photolithographic processes Different micromachining techniques for the gas sensor platform, and bulk and surface micromachining The design issues of a microheater for MEMS-based sensors The synthesis technique of a nanocrystalline metal oxide layer A detailed review about graphene; its different deposition techniques; and its important electronic, electrical, and mechanical properties with its application as a gas sensor Low-cost, low-temperature synthesis techniques An explanation of volatile organic compound (VOC) detection and how relative humidity affects the sensing parameters MEMS and Nanotechnology for Gas Sensors provides a broad overview of current, emerging, and possible future MEMS applications. MEMS technology can be applied in the automotive, consumer, industrial, and biotechnology domains.

A complete guide to petrochemicals production processes-fully revised to cover the latest advances Get all the information you need on petrochemical processes for major organic chemicals inside this industry-standard one-stop reference. Prepared by leading petrochemical licensing firms, Handbook of Petrochemicals Production Processes, Second Edition clearly explains the powerful techniques used to create the most economically important chemicals in the world. The book offers cutting-edge production methods along with detailed product properties. You will discover how to effectively evaluate licensable processes for new production through the comparison of technologies, environmental factors, and economics. Coverage includes: *General process descriptions, feed definitions, product yields, and simplified flow diagrams *Process chemistries and thermodynamics *Commercial process perspectives, including plant locations and long-term plans *Process details, with flow diagrams and mass and energy balances for major process variations *Feeds and details on unique and key equipment *Brand-new details on gas to petrochemical conversion, biomass to petrochemical conversion, and bisphonal A (BPA)

Trade magazines and review articles describe MWD in casual terms, e.g., positive versus negative pulsers, continuous wave systems, drilling channel noise and attenuation, in very simple terms absent of technical rigor. However, few truly scientific discussions are available on existing methods, let alone the advances necessary for high-data-rate telemetry. Without a strong foundation building on solid acoustic principles, rigorous mathematics, and of course, fast, inexpensive and efficient testing of mechanical designs, low data rates will impose unacceptable quality issues to real-time formation evaluation for years to come. This all-new revised second edition of an instant classic promises to change all of this. The lead author and M.I.T.-educated scientist, Wilson Chin, has written the only book available that develops mud pulse telemetry from first principles, adapting sound acoustic principles to rigorous signal processing and efficient wind tunnel testing. In fact, the methods and telemetry principles developed in the book were recently adopted by one of the world's largest industrial corporations in its mission to redefine the face of MWD. The entire engineering history for continuous wave telemetry is covered: anecdotal stories and their fallacies, original hardware problems and their solutions, different noise mechanisms and their signal processing solutions, apparent paradoxes encountered in field tests and simple explanations to complicated questions, and so on, are discussed in complete "tell all" detail for students, research professors and professional engineers alike. These include signal processing algorithms, signal enhancement methods, and highly efficient "short" and "long wind tunnel" test methods, whose results can be dynamically re-scaled to real muds flowing at any speed. A must read for all petroleum engineering professionals!

Completely up to date and the most thorough and comprehensive reference work and learning tool available for drilling engineering, this groundbreaking volume is a must-have for anyone who works in drilling in the oil and gas sector. Petroleum and natural gas still remain the single biggest resource for energy on earth. Even as alternative and renewable sources are developed, petroleum and natural gas continue to be, by far, the most used and, if engineered properly, the most cost-effective and efficient, source of energy on the planet. Drilling engineering is one of the most important links in the energy chain, being, after all, the science of getting the resources out of the ground for processing. Without drilling engineering, there would be no gasoline, jet fuel, and the myriad of other "have to have" products that people use all over the world every day. Following up on their previous books, also available from Wiley-Scrivener, the authors, two of the most well-respected, prolific, and progressive drilling engineers in the industry, offer this groundbreaking volume. They cover the basic tenets of drilling engineering, the most common problems that the drilling engineer faces day to day, and cutting-edge new technology and processes through their unique lens. Written to reflect the new, changing world that we live in, this fascinating new volume offers a treasure of knowledge for the veteran engineer, new hire, or student. This book is an excellent resource for petroleum engineering students, reservoir engineers, supervisors & managers, researchers and environmental engineers for planning every aspect of rig operations in the most sustainable, environmentally responsible manner, using the most up-to-date technological advancements in equipment and processes.

Covering the breadth of zeolite chemistry and catalysis, this book provides the reader with a complete introduction to field, covering synthesis, structure, characterisation and applications. Beginning with the history of natural and synthetic zeolites, the reader will learn how zeolite structures are formed, synthetic routes, and experimental and theoretical structure determination techniques. Their industrial applications are covered in-depth, from their use in the petrochemical industry, through to fine chemicals and more specialised clinical applications. Novel zeolite materials are covered, including hierarchical zeolites and two-dimensional zeolites, showcasing modern developments in the field. This book is ideal for newcomers who need to get up to speed with zeolite chemistry, and also experienced researchers who will find this a modern, up-to-date guide.

Written by a scientist and researcher with more than 25 years of experience in the field, this serves as a complete guide to catalyst activity loss during the hydroprocessing of heavy oils. * Explores the physical and chemical properties of heavy oils and hydroprocessing catalysts; the mechanisms of catalyst deactivation; catalyst characterization by a variety of techniques and reaction conditions; laboratory and commercial information for model validations; and more * Demonstrates how to develop correlations and models for a variety of reaction scales with step-by-step descriptions and detailed experimental data * Contains important implications for increasing operational efficiencies within the petroleum industry * An essential reference for professionals and researchers working in the refining industry as well as students taking courses on chemical reaction engineering

Lignocellulosic biomass conversion to fuel is the only sustainable way to meet the current and future energy demands, at least in displacing a substantial amount of liquid transportation fuel, and curb detrimental effects of greenhouse gas emissions. Various routes and processes to convert lignocellulosic biomass to fuels, chemicals, and bio-based materials have been developed in the last couple of decades. This book contains eleven chapters that intend to provide readers with updates on these various processes and routes to produce fuels and chemicals using lignocellulosic biomass. In addition, it covers the past and current developments on biomass logistics, analytical tools applied to characterise lignocellulosic biomass, environmental aspects and engine performance of various fuels, as well as techno-economical aspects of lignocellulosic biomass refinery. The following list summarises the topics covered in this book: The past and current developments on biomass valorisation in biochemical platforms; Developments in thermochemical conversion of biomass to fuels and chemicals including gasification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal treatment; Heterogeneous catalysts application in low to high temperature conversion of biomass to fuels and chemicals; Pathways of lignin valorisation to fuels and chemicals; Production methods and the physicochemical properties of nanocelluloses; The environmental impacts and engine performances of various bio-fuels; Biomass logistics and their impact on bioenergy applications; Anaerobic conversion of biomass to biogas and impacts of co-digestion on biogas yields and quality.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. GAIN A COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF THE LATEST PETROLEUM REFINING PROCESS TECHNIQUES This authoritative resource will prove essential for anyone who needs current, expertly written coverage of the latest developments in the petroleum refining process industry. This fully revised Fourth Edition is a complete compendium of licensable technologies for the refining of petroleum and production of environmentally acceptable fuels and petrochemical intermediates. It delivers in-depth coverage of today's petroleum refining technologies, methods, and best practices. Handbook of Petroleum Refining Processes, Fourth Edition features chapter contributions from experts at some of the world's leading petroleum companies, including: Amec Foster Wheeler, CB&I, Chevron Lummus Global, Honeywell UOP, Sinopec, and Technip Stone & Webster. Within its pages, you will get complete details on the excavation and production of coal, diesel, and heavy crude as well as fuels such as shale oil and gas. Product specifications, economics, and global environmental regulations are thoroughly explained. If you are looking for clear, up-to-date, and reliable coverage of the latest technologies serving the petroleum industry, your search ends here. This updated Fourth Edition covers: Alkylation and Polymerization Base Aromatics Production Processes Catalytic Cracking Dehydrogenation Synthesis Gas and Hydrogen Production Hydrocracking Hydrotreating Isomerization Separation Processes Sulfur Compound Extraction and Sweetening Visbreaking and Coking Catalytic Reforming Oxygenates Production Technologies Olefins from Methanol Hydrogen Processing

This book provides comprehensive information about the key exploration, development and optimization concepts required for gas shale reservoirs. It includes statistics about gas shale resources and countries that have shale gas potential. It addresses the challenges that oil and gas industries may confront for gas shale reservoir exploration and development. It introduces petrophysical analysis, rock physics, geomechanics and passive seismic methods for gas shale plays. It details shale gas environmental issues and challenges, economic consideration for gas shale reservoirs. It includes case studies of major producing gas shale formations.

This book deals with the various aspects of petroleum product analysis and provides a detailed explanation of the necessary standard tests and procedures that are applicable to products in order to help define predictability of behavior. In addition, the application of new methods for determining instability and incompatibility are described. More importantly, the book provides details of the meaning of the various test results and how they might be applied to predict product behavior. It provides a comprehensive single source that describes the application and interpretation of the data of the various test methods for petroleum products

Many of the chapters from the 1st Edition have been rewritten to include the latest developments in the product specifications and testing protocols. Updates on the evolving test methods and new test methods are presented.

The book contains information related to four sections: petroleum properties, petroleum refining processes, production of petroleum products, and testing procedures for petroleum and petroleum products. This information is further sub-divided into chapters relating to the properties and specifications petroleum feedstocks and production and properties including: Petroleum, Analytical Methods, Sampling and Measurement of Liquid Petroleum Products, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (including refinery gas), Naphtha and Solvents, Gasoline, Aviation and Marine Fuels, Kerosene, Diesel Fuel, Distillate Heating Oil, Residual Fuel Oil, White Oil, Lubricating Oils (including used lubricating oil), Grease, Wax, Residua and Asphalt, Coke, Carbon Black and Graphite, and Use of the Data

Several fiery rail accidents in 2013-2015 in the U.S. and Canada carrying crude oil produced from the Bakken region of North Dakota have raised questions at many levels on the safety of transporting this, and other types of crude oil, by rail. Sandia National Laboratories was commissioned by the U.S. Department of Energy to investigate the material properties of crude oils, and in particular the so-called "tight oils" like Bakken that comprise the majority of crude oil rail shipments in the U.S. at the current time. The book provides a literature survey of public sources of information on crude oil properties that have some bearing on the likelihood or severity of combustion events that may occur around spills associated with rail transport. The book also contains background information including a review of the notional "tight oil" field operating environment, as well a basic description of crude oils and potential combustion events in rail transport.

Waste biomass includes agricultural residues, livestock wastes, municipal wastes and industrial organic wastes. It should be utilised or otherwise, it will cause the pollution of water, soil and even the atmosphere. Gas biofuels have attracted growing attention as a renewable and clean energy carrier. Gas biofuels include biogas, biohydrogen and its mixture i.e. biohythane, which can be produced via anaerobic fermentation or other processes from waste biomass. This book focuses on the principles of gas biofuels in terms of types of biofuels, biomass species, and reactor configuration and production pathway. A number of books focus on the production of biogas or biohydrogen alone. In comparison, this book emphasizes the interactions and common knowledge of both. In addition, the potential of new technologies, such as microbial electrochemical technologies, and two-stage fermentation on gas biofuel production are highlighted and specifically discussed based on the authors' research basis. This book provides a state-of-the-art technological insight into the production of gas biofuels from waste biomass. Specifically, this book consists of three parts. In Part I, the principles for gas biofuels production from waste biomass, including biogas production (Chapter 1) and biohydrogen production (Chapter 2). Part II focuses on the technical advances on gas biofuels production. Pre-treatment of biomass was firstly introduced in Chapter 3, whereas the advances of biogas production from high-solid wastes were discussed in Chapter 4 and Chapter 5. In comparison, biohydrogen production is reviewed not only through dark fermentation (Chapter 6) but also emerging microbial electrochemical technology (Chapter 7). The co-production of biohydrogen and biomethane is reviewed in Chapter 8. In addition to the utilisation of carbon and hydrogen stored in biomass, nutrients recycling through algae technology is discussed in Chapter 9. Part III discusses the scale-up and industrialization of biofuels. An industrial case is introduced to analyse the bottlenecks and perspectives for development of gas biofuels.