The early Christian and medieval mosaics in Italy are among the most artistic creations of their time. Richly endowed with magnificent color plates, this opulent volume draws on 19 outstanding mosaic decorations to present a comprehensive panorama of this spectacular form of art. Early Christian apse mosaics and mosaic cycles provided for monumental beginnings to Christian pictorial art. Although supplemented by new images since the 12th Century, the early Christian themes were held in high regard up through the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages, the mosaic's stylistic devices already showed a transcendental-Christian compliant world view. The author's knowledge becomes apparent in his descriptions of the development of mosaic art in Italy, whose centers during the early years were found in Rome and Ravenna. Since the 6th century, the presentations see an increasingly byzantine influence. After a prolonged interruption there came a brief revival in Rome around the year 800, but mosaic art only reached full fruition during the 12th and 13th centuries when, in addition to Rome, mosaic cycles became evident in Venice, Sicily, and Florence. These drew heavily from byzantine inspiration. German text.

The Byzantine era was a time of the formation of the Abrahamic religions and a battleground for people's hearts and minds. This book shows that, during the time of the Byzantine Empire, the synagogues in Palaestina developed a visual language adhering to traditional literary sources. Until now, scholars believed that Judaism was oblivious to all art forms, regarding them as mere "decoration." This book shows that, contrary to those beliefs, Jewish art was, in fact, flourishing in this period. The visual language that emerged is a trope that utilizes literal and figurative readings to arrive at an inquisitive mixture-a probing language that facilitates learning. It is a visual language of "becoming," of inward introspection and outward scrutiny. This new analysis goes beyond the limits of compositional rules, and requires an analytical, as well as emotive, thought process, to form a cultural interpretation that reveals the hidden language. This means that some parts of Judaism and some parts of Christianity were in agreement despite the commandment of "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image," and operated under the assumption that paintings were not necessarily the creation of idols. Thus, we see that the modern movements of art and architecture were not the first to deal with images through themes such as abstraction and denotation. The language developed during the Byzantine period could rival the best of such visual languages.

Considers the definitions and implications of style in Anglo-Saxon art and literature. Art historian Meyer Schapiro defined style as "the constant form--and sometimes the constant elements, qualities, and expression--in the art of an individual or group. "Today, style is frequently overlooked as a critical tool, with our interest instead resting with the personal, the ephemeral, and the fragmentary. Anglo-Saxon Styles demonstrates just how vital style remains in a methodological and theoretical prism, regardless of the object, individual, fragment, or process studied. Contributors from a variety of disciplines--including literature, art history, manuscript studies, philology, and more--consider the definitions and implications of style in Anglo-Saxon culture and in contemporary scholarship. They demonstrate that the idea of style as a "constant form" has its limitations, and that style is in fact the ordering of form, both verbal and visual. Anglo-Saxon texts and images carry meanings and express agendas, presenting us with paradoxes and riddles that require us to keep questioning the meanings of style.

This groundbreaking collection of essays by a host of international authorities addresses the many aspects of the Danse Macabre, a subject that has been too often overlooked in Anglo-American scholarship. The Danse was once a major motif that occurred in many different media and spread across Europe in the course of the fifteenth century, from France to England, Germany, Scandinavia, Poland, Spain, Italy and Istria. Yet the Danse is hard to define because it mixes metaphors, such as dance, dialogue and violence. The Danse Macabre aimed to confront viewers and readers with the prospect of their own demise by showing how Death summons each and every one of us-whether high or low, young or old, rich or poor. It functioned both as a text and as a visual theme, and often in combination, while also lending itself well to performance. Now best known through the satirical woodcuts of Hans Holbein the Younger, the motif was one of several 'macabre' themes that developed alongside the moralising tale of the Three Living and the Three Dead and the stark depiction of the cadaver on tomb monuments. The Danse Macabre was influenced by earlier themes, but thanks to its versatility its own impact went much further. As this corpus of innovative research will show, the Danse inspired sculptors, portrait artists, authors and dramatists such as Shakespeare far more than has been recognised until now. From the mural in 1420s Paris and John Lydgate's poem to the subsequent dissemination in print, Mixed Metaphors will reveal the lasting influence of the Danse on European culture from the Middle Ages to the present day.

This title was first published in 2000: Introduced by Joanna Cannon, this volume of essays by postgraduate students at the Courtauld Institute, University of London, explores some of the ways in which art was used to express, to celebrate, and to promote the political and religious aims and aspirations of those in power in the city states of central Italy in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The contributions focus on four centres: Siena, Arezzo, Pisa and Orvieto, and range over a number of media: fresco, panel painting, sculpture, metalwork, and translucent enamel. Employing a variety of methods and approaches, these stimulating essays offer a fresh look at some of the key artistic projects of the period. The dates cited in the title, 1261 and 1352, refer to two well-known works, Coppo di Marcovaldo's Madonna del Bordone and the Guidoriccio Fresco in the Palazzo Pubblico of Siena, here newly assigned to this date. By concentrating on individual cases such as these, the essays provide rewardingly sustained consideration, at the same time raising crucial issues concerning the role of art in the public life of the period. These generously-illustrated studies introduce new material and advance new arguments, and are all based on original research. Clear and lively presentation ensures that they are also accessible to students and scholars from other disciplines. Art, Politics and Civic Religion in Central Italy, 1261-1352 is the first volume in the new series Courtauld Institute Research Papers. The series makes available original recently researched material on western art history from classical antiquity to the present day.

Medieval churchmen typically defended religious art as a form of "book" to teach the unlettered laity their faith, but in late medieval England, Lollard accusations of idolatry stimulated renewed debate over image worship. Popular Piety and Art in the Late Middle Ages places this dispute within the context of the religious beliefs and devotional practices of lay people, showing how they used and responded to holy images in their parish churches, at shrines, and in prayer books. Far more than substitutes for texts, holy images presented a junction of the material and spiritual, offering an increasingly literate laity access to the supernatural through the visual power of "beholding."

Baptismal fonts were necessary to the liturgical life of the medieval Christian. Baptism marked the entrance of the faithful into the right relation, with the Catholic Church representing the main cultural institution of medieval society. In the period between ca. 1050 and ca. 1220, the decoration of the font often had an important function: to underscore the theology of baptism in the context of the sacraments of the Catholic Church. This period witnessed a surge of concern about sacraments. Just as religious thinkers attempted to delineate the sacraments and define their function in sermons and Sentence collections, sculptural programs visualized the teaching of orthodox ideas for the lay audience. This book looks at three areas of primary concern around baptism as a sacrament - incarnation, initiation, and the practice of baptism within the institution of the Church - and the images that embody that religious discussion. Baptismal fonts have been recognized as part of the stylistic production of the Romanesque period, and their iconography has been generally explored as moral and didactic. Here, the message of these fonts is set within a very specific history of medieval Catholic sacramental theology, connecting erudite thinkers and lay users through their decoration and use.

This is a catalogue of the pre-Gothic Revival stained glass found at 50 sites in Cheshire. Many of these are churches, but there are also domestic residences and other buildings. Highlights include an important 14th-century regional workshop, probably based in Chester, whose output survives at 9 sites in the county; 16th-century armorials and donors; a fascinating window of 1581 at High Legh which demonstrates the Elizabethan religious settlement; a unique window commemorating the English Civil War; and a plethora of 17th-century quarries depicting a wide range of subjects such as English monarchs, classical sibyls, military drill and menial occupations. The county's outstanding collections of foreign panels are also catalogued.
The stained glass of the neighbouring county of Lancashire appears in CVMA, Great Britain, Summary Catalogue 8, The Medieval Stained Glass of Lancashire. The introduction discusses many aspects of the stained glass of both counties: documentary sources, donors and heraldry, condition, iconography, as well as examining the style and techniques used by the glass-painters. This catalogue will be essential for scholars and students of the history of medieval and early modern art, and for all those interested in the social and religious history of Tudor and Stuart Cheshire.

This series of papers shows that a group of monuments erected by the French Cistercian monks, and here for the first time fully described and illustrated, were the earliest Italian buildings using transitional-Gothic architecture.

Arthur Kingsley Porter here traces the roots of Renaissance sculpture to the smaller decorative sculptures found on the outside of churches and other buildings beginning around the turn of the first millennium A.D.

Carved and decorated stone-work is a rare survival from the period before the Norman Conquest. In Nottinghamshire it survives as large crosses and as small fragments - to be found in churches, in public spaces and in museum collections. This is the first book to provide an authoritative listing, description and illustration of all examples of this type of decorated stone sculpture in Nottinghamshire. Each example is illustrated in a substantial catalogue containing high quality photographs, maps and interpretative drawings. In the introductory chapters the authors explore the geological and historical background of the sculptures and provide an overview of the types of style and ornament. The new information revealed by the systematic study of these major survivals of Anglo-Saxon art and archaeology demonstrates the major contribution that this category of material can make to an obscure and under-investigated period in Midlands history. Nottinghamshire emerges with a distinctive identity in the pre-conquest period, having strong connections both with the Mercian state to its south and with the Northumbrians to the north.

In the first English attempt to address the Syriac homilies of Aphraates, Gavin sets a context for the material by considering the church and the sermons themselves. The topic of how the Jews are treated in the homilies is given special attention.

Medieval Sussex Pottery

This volume features many carved wooden sculptures of saints from 14th- to 20th-century Russia, which until now have been largely unknown to the western public. Officially banned by a proclamation of Peter I, they have nevertheless always been an important part of Russian religious devotion. The sculptures are grouped stylistically into two major groups: early ones are characterized by iconically transcendent austerity, while later ones refl ect western infl uences in anatomical features and gestures. German text.