The Code of Hammurabi, Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, the radical notions that launched the French Revolution and the beliefs that propelled the American Civil Rights Movement are a few of the thousands of concepts described in this chronicle of intellectual history. Presenting the ideas of philosophers, prophets, scholars, critics, educators, revolutionaries and reformers, the chronology concentrates on the famous - as well as infamous - concepts that have changed the world. Here, too, are the historical turning points that resulted from the application of those ideas - the natural flow of the American Revolution from the concept of democratic liberalism, for example, or the Russian Revolution from Marxism.

The Dictionary of Islamic Architecture provides the fullest range of artistic, technical, archaeological, cultural and biographical data for the entire geographical and chronological spread of Islamic architecture - from West Africa through the Middle East to Indonesia, and from the seventh to the eighteenth centuries of the Common Era.
Over 500 entries are arranged alphabetically and fully cross-referenced and indexed to permit easy access to the text and to link items of related interest.
Four main categories of subject matter are explored:
* dynastic and regional overviews
* individual site descriptions
* biographical entries
* technical definitions
Over 100 relevant plans, sketch maps, photographs and other illustrations complement and illuminate the entries, and the needs of the reader requiring further information are met by individual entry bibliographies.

Human beings' responsibility to and for their fellow animals has become an increasingly controversial subject. This book provides an overview of the many different perspectives on the issues of animal rights and animal welfare in an encyclopaedic format. Students, teachers, and interested readers can explore the ideas of well-known philosophers, biologists, psychologists, animal rights activists and historians such as Peter Singer, Tom Regan and over 125 others, all of whom have contributed original entries to create a multi-disciplinary work. Users are able to examine critically the varied angles and arguments and gain a better understanding of the history and development of animal rights and animal protectionist movements around the world.

"Furnishes table of nonlinear optical properties of organic substances as well as experimental procedures for measuring the nonlinearity of the elements tabulated, including composite materials-offering support for scientists and engineers involved in characterizing, optimizing, and producing materials for manufacturing optical devices."

In the almost sixty years since the publication of the first edition of HVAC Engineer's Handbook, it has become widely known as a highly useful and definitive reference for HVAC engineers and technicians alike, and those working on domestic hot and cold water services, gas supply and steam services. The 11th edition continues in the tradition of previous editions, being easily transportable and therefore an integral part of the HVAC engineer or technician's daily tools. Newly updated data on natural ventilation, ventilation rates, free cooling and night-time cooling, make the 11th edition of the HVAC Engineer's Handbook a vital source of information. Fred Porges has worked in both the manufacturing and process industries, and became a partner in a building services consultancy in 1962. He has held senior positions with design contractors, and his experience covers every building service and type of building from schools to housing, factories to laboratories.

This dictionary provides a source of information on all aspects of the environment. It covers all the basic scientific terms and concepts along with the socio-economic, cultural, historical and political elements which impact on the environment. This dictionary provides the broad, balanced, interdisciplinary approach required to consider environmental issues worldwide. Designed for a wide range of readers, this dictionary is up-to-date and easy to read. Whether approaching environmental study from the perspective of economics, history, geography, environmental studies or from the life or earth sciences, this text offers a deeper understanding of the key issues. Selected environmental issues which have particular importance or topicality are treated in greater depth through a series of extended boxed case studies. A wide range of maps, diagrams and figures illustrate the text and extensive cross-referencing between entries ensures readers can build on their knowledge. The references and further reading sections are drawn from a wide range of accessible sources - from newspaper articles and popular magazines, to academic texts and journals - and provide easy access to further study a

The Environment Dictionary provides an essential source of information on all aspects of the environment. It includes all the basic scientific terms and concepts along with socio-economic, cultural, historical and political elements which impact on the environment. This dictionary provides the interdisciplinary approach required to understand environmental issues worldwide.
Designed for a wide range of readers, the dictionary is up-to-date, easy to read and to reference and clearly and attractively presented. Selected environmental issues which have particular importance are treated in greater depth through a series of boxed case studies. A wide range of maps, diagrams, figures and photos illustrate the texts and extensie cross-referencing between entries ensures readers can build on their knowledge. References and further reading sections are drawn from a wide range of accessible sources - from newspaper articles and popular magazines to academic texts and journals and provide easy access to further study and development of readers' specific interests.

Provides essays on the careers, works and backgrounds of the 150 poets and over 1000 poems that are included in the Library of America anthology (1-57958-034-3). It also provides entries on specialized categories of 19th-century verse, such as hymns, folk ballads, spirituals, Civil War songs and Native American poetry. The entries, besides presenting essential factual information, amount to in-depth critical essays. A bibliography at the end of each entry directs readers to other key works by and about the poet. The encyclopaedia is keyed to the contents of the Library of America anthology.

Emphasizing how God's character can be seen throughout Scripture, the recaps are simple and short yet deep enough to help you understand the hard parts and press into knowing God better. As Cobble says, The primary role of Scripture is to show me who God is, and if I behold God, my life will naturally conform around what I learn about him. The Bible Recap will not only help you understand the entire narrative of the Bible, it will fortify your faith.

The International Handbook of Political Ecology features chapters by leading scholars from around the world in a unique collection exploring the multi-disciplinary field of political ecology. This landmark volume canvasses key developments, topics, issues, debates and concepts showcasing how political ecologists today address pressing social and environmental concerns. Introductory chapters provide an overview of political ecology and the Handbook. Remaining chapters examine five broad themes: issues and approaches; governance and power; knowledge and discourse; method and scale; and connections and transformations. The authors focus on an intrinsically international endeavour, considering both the topic and source of research, and integrate the approaches, debates, concepts and methods that define the field internationally. A combination of general reflection and case study research demonstrates both political ecology's place in wider social science debates and trends, as well as how its concerns relate to diverse empirical problems and settings. Across diverse topics and perspectives, these chapters amount to a wide-ranging survey of current research, making the International Handbook an indispensable reference for scholars and students in political ecology. Contributors: A. Acharya, B. Agarwal, H. Alimonda, A. Asiyanbi, L. Baker, S. Barca, S. Batterbury, P. Blaikie, E. Bravo, R.L. Bryant, B. Buscher, G. Cederloef, D. Chartier, C.A. Claus, L. Cortesi, A. Doolittle, M.R. Dove, W. Dressler, R. Fletcher, T. Forsyth, T.A.M. Freitas, D. Gautier, B. Hautdidier, A. Hayes-Conroy, J. Hayes-Conroy, H. Healy, C. Hebdon, L. Jarosz, S. Joshi, G. Kallis, A.H. Kimura, T. Kizos, C.A. Kull, P. Le Billon, S. Lee, E. Leff, A. Loftus, J. Martinez-Alier, B.R. Middleton, M. Moreano, A.C. Salomao Mozine, J. Muldavin, S. Nair, H. Neo, R.P. Neumann, C. Noe, G.G. Nunez, A. Paniagua, N.L. Peluso, C.P. Pow, M. Ramutsindel

This acclaimed encyclopedia provides an invaluable reference source on topics ranging from diplomatic initiatives to victory slogans, from political forces to armed forces, from legislation to Lusitania, and every aspect of war.

First published in 2000. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

A vast array of natural organic compounds, the products of primary and secondary metabolism, occur in plants. The purpose of this dictionary is to provide basic information, including structural formulae, on plant constituents, with emphasis on those that are biologically active. This text profiles over 3000 substances from phenolics and alkaloids through carbohydrates and plant glycosides to oils and triterpenoids. For each substance, the author presents the trivial name, synonyms, structural type, chemical structure showing stereochemistry, molecular weight and formula, natural occurrence, biological activity and commercial or other use. Key references are provided for each class and subclass. It also reviews antifungal agents, with CAS numbers wherever possible, for all compounds to provide ready access to the original literature.

The very survival of the planet is at risk: human misuse of natural resources and disturbance of natural environmental systems is pushing the Earth to the limits of its capacity. This text is a comprehensive introduction for environmental study, explaining how the environment functions, how environmental systems relate, and the ways in which people and environment interact. Focussing particularly on the environmental impacts of human activities, the book explains the ways in which an understanding of basic physical principles can help us to use the environment and its resources. Three particular approaches are adopted throughout: "a systems approach" - highlighting the interactions and interrelationships between the environment's diverse parts; "an interdisciplinary perspective" - stepping back from individual subject focus to examine the complex breadth of the environment's diversity; and "a global perspective" - incorporating stimulating examples drawn from around the world to illustrate broad global patterns and contrasts.

- Written by a team of scholars who developed the first major Black Digital Humanities program at a research institution (the African American Digital Humanities Initiative at the University of Maryland). - Written for an audience of practitioners, researchers, and graduate students to help prepare them to take on their own research and projects. - Each chapter features guiding questions, bullet lists of practical advice, and resources readers can use to implement best practices in their own work.

From 1980 until Dr. Bidwell's death in 1994, much of his time was taken up with the writing and compilation of this encyclopaedic work which represents, in the true sense of the word, a unique account of the Arab world from 1798 and a readable assessment of all its aspects. Whereas the classical period is covered in many publications, notably "The Encyclopaedia of Islam", the reader look up assessments and accounts of 14 presidents of modern Syria; all prime ministers of Egypt; the definition and effect of "Resolution 242"; the Istiqlal Party; the Rogers Plan; Saddam Hussein; Dair Yassin; the Agecirus Conference; the Mecca Declaration; the Black September Organization; President Nimeiri; the monarchs of Egypt, Iraq and Libya; King Khalid of Saudi Arabia; Colonel Gaddafi; Nasser; the Battle of Mehran; Count Folke Bernadotte; the massacre of the Mamluks; and President Bourguiba.

This concise edition of the definitive 3-volume Dictionary of European Proverbs constitutes a fascinating collection of proverbs in 29 languages. The entries are arranged alphabetically according to the English equivalent, allowing the reader to identify common trends easily and quickly.
* All proverbs listed in original language
* 29 European languages featured
* Includes all proverbs in current use
* Thoroughly checked by language specialists to ensure accuracy.
The Concise Dictionary of European Proverbs is based on over 40 years in-depth research by the compiler. It is an essential reference source for linguists, ethnologists and folklorists, and of interest to anyone wanting to know about the origins, development and current usage of the proverb.
Emanuel Straussis a world-renowned expert on proverbs.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203009053

The Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology covers sources from Mesopotamia, Syro-Palestine and Anatolia, from around 2800 to 300 BC. It contains entries on gods and goddesses, giving evidence of their worship in temples, describing their 'character', as documented by the texts, and defining their roles within the body of mythological narratives; synoptic entries on myths, giving the place of origin of main texts and a brief history of their transmission through the ages; and entries explaining the use of specialist terminology, for such things as categories of Sumerian texts or types of mythological figures.

eBook available with sample pages: EB:020302852X

This is a detailed study of the armies of Rome and their enemies, including the Etruscans, Samnites, Carthaginians, Celts, Macedonians, Gauls, Huns, Sassanids, Persians and Turks. It is an incredible visual reference of the fighting men of Rome and their enemies, from the earliest settlement on the River Tiber in the 8th century BC to the fall of Constantinople in 1453. It offers a concise and authoritative overview of the rise of the Roman Empire, its campaigns, conquests and tactics, with detailed information on the men at arms. It includes coverage of the Roman navy and sea battles, as well as the artillery pieces, siege engines, defenses and military structures built by the army - from the north-west reaches of the empire to the far east. It is illustrated with over 670 images of military dress, weapons, galleys, ballistas and fortifications. This book details the uniforms of the Roman army and its enemies, from the first decades of tribal warfare in Italy, through the republican and imperial periods, up to the end of the eastern Roman Empire. It includes expert insight into the army's astonishing engineering feats, the discipline of the legions and the relentless expansion of the empire. Including information on the arms and clothing of the Carthaginians, Persians, Huns and Turks and other enemies of Rome, the book is a definitive and accessible visual study of the military dress of the period. There is also a fascinating history of the Roman's artillery, siege engines and fortifications, and a special section on the founding and expansion of its navy.

For over two centuries, psychopathy has stood as perhaps the most formidable risk factor for antisocial behavior, crime, and violence. The Routledge International Handbook of Psychopathy and Crime presents the state-of-the-art on the full landscape of research on antisocial behavior that employs psychopathy as a central correlate. It is the largest and most comprehensive work of its kind, and includes contributions from renowned scholars from around the world. Organized into five distinctive sections, this book covers the etiology of psychopathy; the measurement of psychopathy; the association between psychopathy and diverse forms of homicidal and sexual offending, including serial murder, sexual homicide, rape and child molestation; criminal careers and psychopathy; the role of psychopathy in criminal justice system supervision, including institutional misconduct, noncompliance, and recidivism. This book is an essential resource for students and researchers in criminology, psychology, and criminal justice and will be of interested to all those interested in criminal behavior, sexual and violent crime, forensic psychology and forensic mental health.

Explains the allegorical significance attached to Roman and Greek myths by Medieval and Renaissance authors. Included in the text are several hundred alphabetically-arranged entries for the gods, goddesses, heroes, heroines and places of classical myth and legend. Each entry includes an account of the myth, with reference to the Greek and Latin sources. The entry discusses how Medieval and Renaissance commentators interpreted the myth, and how poets, dramatists, and artists employed it in their art.

Proper nutrition is essential to individuals with HIV/AIDS. Yet, it is often difficult to maintain an adequate diet due to a variety of conditions associated with the disease and/or medications used to alleviate symptoms. Eating Positive: A Nutrition Guide and Recipe Book for People with HIV/AIDS solves this problem with easy-to-follow, enticing recipes that fit a variety of common diet restrictions and specific health needs of individuals with HIV/AIDS. You can use this practical nutrition guide and recipe book to customize diet plans for your patients or for yourself (with a doctor 's approval) that provide proper nutrition and satisfy the tastebuds.Chapters in Eating Positive are organized by diet type. Each chapter describes the diet type, its benefits and specific restrictions, and actual recipes. Each recipe is accompanied by its respective nutritional values, such as calories, fat, protein, carbohydrates, and percent of daily recommended allowance. An alphabetical index consisting of specific conditions, complications, diet titles, and food stuffs provides ease of use and quick reference. Here is just a sample of some of the many diet types, their benefits, and tasty recipes that are included: Full Liquid Diet: good for people with mouth pain and difficulty chewing as it is easy on the digestive system; recipes include: Orange Cow, Easy Egg Drop Soup, Cherry Dessert, Cottage Cheese Jello Salad, Tropical Frozen Delight, more Fiber Restricted Diet: slows bowel movement and decreases inflammation of the tissues making it a great ally in fighting diarrhea and bowel discomfort; recipes include: Sauteed Cocktail Tomatoes, Bacon Wrapped Chicken Breasts, Vegetarian Stuffed Peppers, Ham Rolls with Eggplant Filling, more Bland Diet: for those who should avoid caffeine, alcohol, spices; recipes include: Raspberry Float, Pasta Salad, Easy Tortellini Soup, One-Eyed Egyptians, Noodle Pudding, Watercress Soup, Sour Cream Coffee Cake, German Potato Dumplings, more High Protein High Calorie Diet: increased calories and nutritional content build up energy resources and assist in improving and maintaining the immune system, stopping and possibly reversing tissue wasting and weight loss and assisting in wound healing; recipes include: Garlic Pasta, Beef and Rice Creole, Spinach Cheese Pie, Tournedos of Beef with Shallot Sauce, Banana Nut Bread, Butterscotch Pie, Pineapple Coconut Cake, many moreThese diets are not prescriptions but rather guides for creating and consuming a practical diet to suit individual needs. You ll find that Eating Positive puts individuals with HIV/AIDS on the road to a more pleasing, fulfilling, and healthy diet.

There are so many books on so many aspects of the history of the United States, offering such a wide variety of interpretations, that students, teachers, scholars, and librarians often need help and advice on how to find what they want. The Reader's Guide to American History is designed to meet that need by adopting a new and constructive approach to the appreciation of this rich historiography.
Each of the 600 entries on topics in political, social and economic history describes and evaluates some 6 to 12 books on the topic, providing guidance to the reader on everything from broad surveys and interpretive works to specialized monographs. The entries are devoted to events and individuals, as well as broader themes, and are written by a team of well over 200 contributors, all scholars of American history.

June 1998 saw the publication of the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (REP). Eight years in development, it is the most ambitious international philosophy project for a generation. It is the first multivolume encyclopedia to be published in the field for thirty years and the first ever to be launched simultaneously in both print and electronic formats.

Key Features:
* up-to-date coverage, including recent developments
* unparalleled breadth of subject matter
* extensive market research supporting the project
* a first-class editorial team ensuring quality scholarship
* international and multi-cultural scope
* an interdisciplinary and accessible approach
* wide readership
* a choice of both print and electronic formats

Unparalleled breadth of subject matter
No other encyclopedia of philosophy is as wide-ranging and well-integrated. It includes:
* comprehensive coverage of Anglo-American philosophy - the metaphysical, epistemological and logical questions
* an extensive menu of ethics, political philosophy and historical debates
* the philosophy of western and non-western cultures - from Chinese, Arabic and Jewish philosophy to the philosophy of Africa and Latin America
* Continental philosophy and contemporary philosophy

International scope The Encyclopedia provides a grounding in the philosophy of many cultures, expanding the horizon of any reader, while being of great value to the specialist.
* A quarter of the entries cover philosophy from outside the traditional western canon
* Entries have been contributed by over 1,300 leading international experts from 36 countries, bringing a variety of perspectives to the Encyclopedia.

Accessible, structured entries
There are over 2,000 entries in the REP and each entry has been written to assist users in finding the information they require as easily as possible. There are three main types of entry:
* short 'signpost' entries
* thematic entries
* biographical entries

The REP is not only available in print but also as a CD-ROM. This CD-ROM offers:
* fast and flexible searching of all REP articles
* significant shelf space savings
* export and print options
* simultaneous access for up to 10 users within your campus at any time, with no extra charge.

We have now published the latest edition of the REP - REP Online.

Retaining all the award winning content of the original, this new edition is updated yearly, on a quarterly basis, with new and refreshed articles, bibliographies and links to the best of philosophy on the web.

Visit the REP Online homepage below to few sample articles, to find out how to subscribe and to register for a free trial.

Makes available research from international experts
This "Encyclopedia" gathers, for the first time, information not easily found elsewhere without extensive research. The material has been distilled from a variety of sources by over 200-internationally recognized contributors-including such leading Whitman scholars as James E. Miller, Jr., Roger Asselineau, Betsy Erkkila, and Joel Myerson. Writing under the guidance of a distinguished 11-member advisory board, they provide unprecedented access to important information about Whitman.
Comprehensive A-to-Z coverage of more than 750 topics
In all, the volume comprises more than 750 signed entries arranged in convenient alphabetical format. Coverage includes:
*Biographical Information-all names, dates, places, and events important to understanding Whitman's life and career.
*Whitman's Works-essays on all eight editions of "Leaves of Grass," major poems and poem clusters, principal essays and prose works, as well as his more than two dozen short stories and the novel, "Franklin Evans."
*Prominent Themes and Concepts-essays on such major topics as democracy, slavery, the Civil War, immortality, sexuality, and the women's rights movement.
*Significant Forms and Techniques-such as prosody, symbolism, free verse, and humor.
*Important Trends and Critical Approaches in Whitman Studies-including New Historicist and cultural criticism, psychological explorations, and controversial issues of sexual identity.
*Surveys of Whitman's International Impact-as well as an assessment of his literary legacy.
A user-friendly guide
Useful for students, researchers, librarians, teachers, and Whitmandevotees, this volume features extensive cross-references, numerous photographs of the poet, a chronology, a special appendix section tracking the poet's genealogy, and a thorough index. Each entry includes a bibliography for further study.