Nephrolithiasis is the third most common diagnosis involving the urinary tract, exceeded only by urinary tract infections and prostate conditions. Uric acid nephrolithiasis accounts for 5-10 % of all kidney stones in the general population in the United States (US) and is noted to be increasing in other parts of the world like Japan, previously known to have a low incidence of this condition. This increase is attributable, at least in part, to westernised eating habits. Other factors which influence development of kidney stones include age, sex and ethnicity. This book discusses in further details, the risk factors, treatment options and ways to prevent nephrolithiasis.

This multi-author book is an important contribution to the fields of nephrology and nephropathology, which is primarily focused on the discussion of the pathogenesis and pathology of nephrotic syndrome. A few primers are available on this subject, but those can be considered as reference works and not suitable for daily or bedside use. The present book has been written with a view to fill this void, at least partially. It is written by many practicing nephrologists and nephropathologists from different parts of the world, in particular, from developing countries. The book not only discusses the etiology and pathology of the disorder but also addresses the new developments and updates on the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome, which is the most common clinical manifestation of medical renal disorders in nephrological practice throughout the world. The book is handy and can be used in the office, classroom and by the patient bedside. It will prove very useful for the beginners in the field of nephrology and nephropathology. The book has been written in easy English, and is very well illustrated to enable easy comprehension and assimilation of the knowledge and information contained in it.

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is defined as the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract. It is a common urological entity among children and it is usually diagnosed in the prenatal period or after episodes of febrile urinary tract infection. Reflux can also be found in post-pubertal patients, but it is less common in this population. Pyelonephritis is an upper urinary tract infection involving the kidneys with an incidence in the USA as high as 250.000 cases per year. Most episodes of pyelonephritis are generally considered to be uncomplicated in healthy non pregnant adults. Different risk factors have been identified, such as diabetes, urinary tract obstruction, presence of an indwelling urethral catheter, stent or nephrostomy, functional or anatomic abnormalities of the urinary tract, renal transplantation, immunosuppressive therapy and pregnancy. This book discusses the causes, prevalence and treatment approaches of both VUR and pylonephritis.

Urolithiasis is one of the oldest documented medical ailments with archeological evidence showing that humans have suffered from kidney and bladder stones for centuries. Urolithiasis is a common multifactorial problem with multi-effect on the patients' quality of life and an economic burden on the individual and the health system of the country. Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors are associated with the risk for stone formation. Among intrinsic factors are race, sex, and genetics. Finding the cause of urolithiasis or establishing it early in life will reduce the consequence and complications of kidney stone disease and hence reduction of the cost in the treatment by establishing preventative measures in addition to patient education. Genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of urolithiasis as a polygenic (common) or monogenic (rare) forms, however its knowledge and early diagnosis is important for achieving the goals of reducing patient suffering as well as economic burdens that inevitably follow a diagnosis. This book discusses the symptoms, management and prevention strategies of urolithiasis.

Glomerulonephritis is a term referring to direct injury of the glomeruli with resulting disturbances of normal glomerular function, progressively leading to renal failure. Glomerular diseases are classified as primary, where glomerular damage is the prime disturbance, with extrarenal manifestations as a result of renal impairment, and secondary, following systemic disorders, infections or exposure to certain drugs. Although noteworthy progress has been made in the past years in the symptomatic and specific treatment, therapy of both primary and secondary glomerulonephritis can be challenging. Management of these patients requires early diagnosis, expert knowledge of the immunosuppressive agents and other drugs currently available for the treatment of each glomerulonephritis, consideration of possible adverse reactions to these drugs, alternative therapeutic strategies in cases of hyporesponsiveness or non-responsiveness of the patient to the treatment, and possible relapses of the disease. This book reviews knowledge of the main primary and secondary glomerulonephritis, with emphasis on current therapeutic strategies and practical recommendations. Glomerulonephritis are grouped according the presence or absence of proliferative histological alternations into primary and secondary proliferative and non-proliferative types. Each chapter deals with etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, natural history and therapeutic options of the commonest primary and secondary glomerular diseases, with exception the last chapter that covers inherited diseases with renal involvement. An atlas of the pathology of the glomerular diseases discussed completes this work.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by the triad non-immune micro-angiopathic hemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. The disease mainly affects children one to ten years of age. It begins after an incubation period of 4 to 7 days with abrupt onset of bloody diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Two to ten days later, microangiopathy, haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure develop. HUS microangiopathy can involve almost any organ, but damage to kidneys and central nervous system cause the most severe clinical problems. This book discusses the symptoms, the treatment options and prognosis of HUS.

Titles in the Pocket Tutor series give practical guidance on subjects that medical students and foundation doctors need help with on the go, at a highly affordable price that puts them within reach of those rotating through modular courses or working on attachment. * Common investigations (ECG, imaging, etc) * Clinical skills (patient examination, etc.) * Clinical specialties that students perceive as too small to merit a textbook (psychiatry, renal medicine) Key Points * Breaks down a subject that students find complex and daunting, using clear images and concise but informative text * Logical, sequential content: relevant basic science; then chapters devoted to common disorders that introduce the clinical essentials of renal practice * Descriptions of common disorders are enhanced by Clinical Scenarios (Patient presents with...), which help students and trainees to recognise and manage common presenting problems

This book is intended for use by nephrologists, internists, hospitals, trainees in these specialties and indeed anyone interested in renal medicine. It contains top-class authoritative and up-to-date reviews by internationally renowned experts coming from some of the best nephrology centres in the world. It covers the diagnosis, causes and management of acute kidney injury. It also includes a discussion of the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, including the use of simple clinical and laboratory data, imaging, proteinomics and renal biopsy. It reviews the general management of chronic kidney disease, including an in-depth analysis of kidney transplant immunology. This book is therefore a comprehensive, authoritative text with clear explanation of even the most complex topics.

In 1989, the nephrology community was confronted with the combination of high tech and high flux, realising for the first time that short, but mathematically "adequate" therapy resulted in unacceptable outcomes. This book discusses issues that doctors must pay close attention to; those that cause the greatest harm to patients. New discoveries prove that chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes a muscle wasting syndrome, and that epo hyporesponsiveness harbingers a variety of underlying etiologies. From renowned surgeons, doctors are gaining practical insights into methods to improve arteriovenous fistula survival and cardiovascular surgery outcomes. The book applies the new information that can now be accessed to meet the personal needs of these patients.

The Kidney chart is a detailed overview of the structure and function of this major component of the urinary system. Both structure and function are illustrated as the images and text describe the kidney from the gross anatomy to the tissue and cellular levels. Heavy gauge 3ml lamination with sealed edges and two metal eyelets for hanging makes chart highly durable. Write-on/wipe-off with dry erase marker (not included).

This book will cover all aspects of hypertension and the manifestations of cardiovascular disease in the Asian population. Asia has the largest population of all the continents, and also has the largest number of people suffering from these diseases. Due to an expanding economy and increasing affluent lifestyles, their incidence is increasing at alarming rates - in fact, this continent is a ticking time bomb for HTN and CVD outbreaks. The book fills a large gap, as there are currently no volumes on this topic - and provides much-needed information for physicians not only in Asia but globally. Not only physicians, but also all related medical professionals and libraries will benefit from this book, to which renowned international experts contributed.

Written by an interdisciplinary team of experts, this book contains historical information as well as current update on renal replacement therapy. New technology and techniques are presented in a concise, easy-to-read style that keeps the reader interested.

The contributors include physicians who practise uremia therapy since its conception to more recent graduates, along with surgeons, pioneers and physicians who are patients themselves, thus giving readers the broadest perspective.

The aim of the book is to update the reader on renal replacement therapy as of 2009. It is a textbook that can be read cover to cover and still serve as a fine reference guide. The book is targeted at anyone interested in kidney replacement therapy, from students and patients to the professorial level.

This book provides easy consultation and guidance for an appropriate understanding and management of endotoxic shock. Endotoxic shock results from a severe, generalized inflammatory response induced by bloodstream infection with gram-negative bacteria. However, endotoxin-induced inflammatory activation may be disconnected by Gram-Negative threats (e.g. Gram-Positive and yeast infections) as well as occur in multiple clinical scenarios like post-cardiac arrest syndrome and trauma, possibly due to gut barrier dysfunction and consequent endotoxin translocation. The clinical management is structured focusing and dedicating a chapter for antibiotics, corticosteroids, volume support, vasoactive and cardiostimulating drug, coagulopathy and nutritional support. In addition, this book is remarkable because describing polymixin b hemoperfusion points out molecular interactions, and hydrodynamics of Sorption. Each section includes *) brief pathophysiology; *) principles of management; *) key messages. Readers can find updated tips related to the diagnosis and management of endotoxic shock with a multidisciplinary approach drawing a pathway from endotoxin structure and source and the related pathophysiology of endotoxic shock underling the specific clinical aspect and focusing on medical clinical management of endotoxemia and extracorporeal removal. The book - written by international opinion leaders of this field - is addressed to healthcare providers working in intensive care and represents a point of reference for intensivists, infectious disease physicians, nephrologists and critical care nurses involved in the management of endotoxic shock and enriched with useful downloadable material.

This latest book in the Management of Urology Series provides insight into how to appropriately manage patients undergoing pelvic robotic urological surgery for renal cancer. Extensive guidance is provided on how to perform a range of procedures including the retroperitoneal renal approach along with information on how to utilize the latest robots effectively. Cases are also presented on how to best manage complications associated with partial nephrectomy. Each chapter also contains learning objectives to assist the reader in extrapolating the key information covered.Robotic Surgery for Renal Cancer is an up-to-date overview of the latest techniques utilized in this field along with potential management strategies for these patients, making it a critical resource for urologists, oncologists, and specialist nurses.

This book provides healthcare professionals in Critical Care setting an easy consultation guide to fight against COVID-19. The book is divided into sections: Fundamentals of COVID-19, Pneumological critical care, Neurological manifestations, Cardiovascular manifestations, Renal manifestations, Haemostasis and coagulation, Other multi-organs involvement, Principles of therapy. Each section includes: * brief pathophysiology of COVID-19 (ventilation, neurological, cardiovascular, etc.); * principles of management (enriched with flowcharts and figures); * principles of therapy; * tips and key messages. Readers can find the most updated advices on how to face the ongoing pandemic: from principles of conventional oxygen therapy, assisted and invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill COVID-19 patients to the complications sometimes underestimated. Tables and flowcharts provided are based on current knowledge in COVID-19 to help the clinician managing COVID-19 patients by a multiple-organs prospective. Written by international key opinion leaders of each field, the book represents a point of reference for all professionals involved in the management of COVID-19 pandemic.

Issues in Kidney Disease - Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a collection of 17 detailed chapters written by world leaders and experts in nephrology in order to provide a comprehensive review of kidney disease using evidence-based recommendations and guidelines. This book starts with an excellent introduction and classification of CKD and progresses into various important aspects of CKD care including prevention, diabetes, hypertension, acid-base disturbances, genetic and age considerations, glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, aging, as well as considerations for patients in pregnancy and with malignancy. This book will appeal to trainees and practicing clinicians in internal and family medicine, as well as nephrology, who would like current and practical clinical knowledge of chronic kidney disease to help improve the lives of patients with this condition.

According to the American Cancer Society, kidney cancer is one of the ten most common cancers in both men and women. No one with kidney cancer needs to be alone in their fight against this disease. That's where this book and the information within can help. 100 Questions & Answers About Kidney Cancer, Fourth Edition offers authoritative and practical answers to the most common questions asked by patients and their loved ones. What is kidney cancer? What causes kidney cancer? How is kidney cancer treated? The authors bring their vast experience, expertise, and cutting-edge research in the field to answer these and other questions. They provide information on different types of kidney cancer, signs and symptoms, treatment options, and more. 100 Questions & Answers About Kidney Cancer, Fourth Edition is an invaluable resource for anyone coping with the physical and emotional uncertainty of this disease. NEW to THIS EDITION: -New section (Part 10) brings together and summarizes all of the treatments that are now being utilized for patients with metastatic kidney cancer. -New summary of the most recent recommendations from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), a leading source of up-to-date cancer treatment recommendations, regarding systemic treatments for metastatic kidney cancer (Appendix).

The second edition of this educational book provides an updated resource on how best to discuss and manage acute and chronic presentations of renal diseases. All chapters have been reviewed and updated to reflect changes which directly affect clinical practice and new chapters have been added including Dialysis and Poisoning, Urinalysis/Microscopy and Renal Biopsy. Chapters now include information on key clinical trials for management strategies Allowing for concise reading on specific topics this book acts as both a quick reference text and study guide. The layout has been designed in a question and answer format in order to promote self-directed learning. Images and diagrams have been further standardized and improved for the new edition and remain a key feature of the book.Clinical Companion in Nephrology, second edition, is an invaluable resource for junior doctors, medical students and renal nurses who encounter renal patients in their daily practice.

Volume 13 begins by examining how lipid abnormalities in chronic kidney disease attract continuous attention due to their unclear involvement in chronic kidney disease patient outcomes. If kidney function declines, inflammation and oxidative stress progress and lipid disturbances develop, and malnutrition may ameliorate dyslipidemia in advanced chronic kidney disease. Although rare, pancreatic trauma can significantly impact the life of a patient, with some requiring a total pancreatectomy which will result in pancreatogenic diabetes. Diagnosis can be difficult, especially in children, with clinical symptoms being absent in many. As such, the authors discuss the current scientific literature on the diagnosis and management of pancreatic trauma and the promising use of autologous islet cell transplant in these patients. The authors go on to present the state-of-art knowledge on the effects of adenotonsillectomy and rapid maxillary expansion on the dentofacial development of children, clarifying what might be expected regarding facial growth after normalizing the mode of breathing and increasing the width of the maxilla. Following this, this compilation summarizes the growth and development processes of the face to describe the theories and mechanisms of facial growth and development. Next, the management of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and extreme drug resistance tuberculosis is discussed, along with the latest World Health Organization guidelines and policy recommendations for treatment. The literature regarding the clinicopathological features of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the dura is reviewed, focusing on how to differentiate mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the dura from clinical and pathologic mimics. In the closing study, changes in the molecular mechanism inside an ensemble up to 3 mio Daltons in human muscle in members of one family from eight to 67 years old are investigated using non-invasive gravitational mass spectroscopy.

Kidney Disease: From advanced disease to bereavement provides guidance to renal and palliative care professionals dealing with patients with advanced kidney disease, who are approaching end of life. The book describes the tools used to achieve a good death including advance care planning, symptom control law and ethics, recognizing dying, withdrawal of treatment, and a holistic approach to patient care. By using case histories, the book highlights how to facilitate good communication between patients, families and their renal and palliative teams. There are also chapters on support for carers and bereavement. Revised and updated, this new edition is written in a bullet point style to provide an indispensable guide to the day-to-day management of patient care. This pocketbook will be an essential guide for nephrologists, renal nurses, nephrologist trainees, and doctors and nurses working in palliative care.

This book covers all key aspects of critical care in pediatric nephrology, including acute dialysis in sick children. It also provides detailed protocols for managing fluid and electrolyte balance and dialysis in children in intensive care. In addition, this quick guide discusses innovations in pediatric renal replacement therapy technologies, such as plasma exchange, CARPEDIEM, NIDUS and aquadex. This is a go-to book for intensivists, physicians and trainees working in pediatric intensive care units.

Edited by the same team that developed the successful Pediatric Dialysis and its second edition, this text features clinical management principles that are integral to the care of children receiving chronic dialysis. Each chapter is introduced by a case presentation that serves as the basis for key learning points that are clinically applicable and presented in a succinct manner. The topics included in Pediatric Dialysis Case Studies cover virtually all aspects of pediatric dialysis care and represent the efforts of an international group of experts with firsthand clinical expertise from all disciplines represented in the pediatric dialysis team. This resource is certain to help the clinician achieve improved outcomes for these often complex patients.

With higher risks to mother and baby in pregnant women with renal disease, critical decision-making is key. Giving practical guidance for antenatal, post-partum and maternity unit challenges, this book supports good practice and evidence-based management. The book includes evidence on antenatal and post-partum care; management of acute kidney injury in the delivery suite; and care guidelines for acute, chronic, and previously undiagnosed kidney diseases. The book also covers acute kidney injury, transplant, dialysis, pre-conception counselling, and medications. Previously published by RCOG, this revised edition includes: * Updated expert consensus statements * Complete revision, with a new chapter on contraception * Updates in management of acute kidney injury, hypertension, dialysis and pregnancy, renal transplantation and pre-eclampsia. Structured to help clinicians make decisions, this book is for use by obstetricians, renal physicians, maternal medicine clinicians, midwives, urologists and specialist nurses.