Biomechanical Mapping of the Female Pelvic Floor explores new technological advances in women's healthcare intended to improve pelvic floor characterization, diagnosis and prediction of treatment outcomes. The book describes biomechanical approaches and clinical examples to demonstrate how one can evaluate the changes in the pelvic floor to gain a better understanding of an individual patient's pelvic floor dysfunctions, such as prolapse, incontinence, chronic pelvic pain, and even conditions leading to spontaneous preterm delivery and predicting maternal birth trauma. This book is a valuable resource for researchers focused on gynecology, urogynecology or obstetrics, clinicians, graduate students and biomedical scientists and bioengineers who need to better understand the technological advances in biomechanical characterization and how they can be used not only for diagnosis but also for monitoring several OBGYN-related conditions.

This collaboration of two physiologists and a gastroenterologist provides medical and graduate students, medical and surgical residents, and subspecialty fellows a comprehensive summary of digestive system physiology and addresses the pathophysiological processes that underlie some GI diseases. The textual approach proceeds by organ instead of the traditional organization followed by other GI textbooks. This approach lets the reader track the food bolus as it courses through the GI tract, learning on the way each organ's physiologic functions as the bolus directly or indirectly contacts it. The book is divided into three parts: (1) Chapters 1-3 include coverage of basic concepts that pertain to all (or most) organs of the digestive system, salivation, chewing, swallowing, and esophageal function, (2) Chapters 4-6 are focused on the major secretory organs (stomach, pancreas, liver) that assist in the assimilation of a meal, and (3) Chapters 7 and 8 address the motor, transport, and digestive functions of the small and large intestines. Each chapter includes its own pathophysiology and clinical correlation section that underscores the importance of the organ's normal function.

The Comprehensive Guide to Hepatitis Advances provides the most up-to-date information on all types of hepatitis in one resource. Coverage spans hepatitis in all forms (viral, alcoholic, metabolic, drug, autoimmune, etc.), showing the implications of current research in clinical practice and discussing future research directions. Discussions focus on the scientific advancements in understanding the disease process and in the treatment of different groups of hepatitis. This reference is perfect for basic science researchers in the field of hepatology; practicing gastroenterologists and hepatologists as well as primary care physicians attending to liver disease; and medical residents undergoing specialist training in gastroenterology and hepatology.

Overcoming Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors in EGFR Mutant NSCLC presents updated information on how EGFR mutant lung cancers evolve to evade EGFR inhibitors, clinical strategies that identify these mechanisms, and how to implement newer therapeutic strategies to combat resistance and improve patient survival. As resistance to EGFR inhibitors is often through re-activation of MEK/ERK and PI3K pathways, or through loss of cell death responses, there is much overlap with resistance to targeted therapies in other paradigms, such as BRAF inhibitors in BRAF mutant melanoma, and HER2 inhibitors in HER2 amplified breast cancer. This book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, clinicians, graduate students and other members of the biomedical field who are interested in promising treatments for lung cancer.

Intellectually Impaired People: The Ongoing Battle addresses challenges against the background of history, changing societal environments, and current intellectual approaches and attitudes toward persons with disabilities. The book discusses national and international conventions, societal attitudes, sheltered workshops, the right of intellectually impaired persons for self-responsibility and its limitations, and the place of mentally impaired persons in the public image. Additionally, the book attempts to capture the forces that drive the changes of our conceptual frameworks. The US Tuskegee study which withheld antibiotics from black men with syphilis was not ended by scientific criticism but by a courageous man, press reports, and a changed social perception. The non-hiding of handicapped children is not the result of government orders, there are many non-resolvable dilemmas and tension between supporting, understanding, and patronizing a complex situation with many potential future avenues.

Liquid Biopsy: New Challenges in the era of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology aims to describe links between cancer, precision oncology, and liquid biopsy, focusing on their participation to immunotherapy management. The book provides updated information on the main applications of liquid biopsy and immunotherapy as well as interesting aspects useful for planning basic and translational research activities. It helps readers understand the central aspects of precision medicine in oncology, including the use of new generation technologies for translational and diagnostic settings and the main clinical trials in this area that may be useful during their research. The book is a valuable source for cancer researchers, oncologists and other members of the medical and biomedical field who are interested in learning more about recent developments in liquid biopsy and its relationship with precision medicine and immunotherapy.

Translational Interventional Radiology, a volume in the Handbook for Designing and Conducting Clinical and Translational Research series, covers the principles of evidence-based medicine and applies these principles to the design of translational investigations in Interventional Radiology. The reader will come to fully understand important concepts including case-control study, prospective cohort study, randomized trial, and reliability study. Medical researchers will benefit from greater confidence in their ability to initiate and execute their own investigations, avoid common pitfalls in Interventional Radiology, and know what is needed for successful collaboration. Further, this reference is an indispensable tool in grant writing and funding efforts. The practical, straightforward approach helps aspiring investigators navigate challenging considerations in study design and implementation. This book provides valuable discussions of the critical appraisal of published studies in Interventional Radiology, elucidating the evaluation of the quality with respect to measuring outcomes and making effective use of all types of evidence in patient care. In short, this practical guide will be of interest to every medical researcher and interventional radiologist who has ever had a good clinical idea but not the knowledge of how to test it.

Quick Guide to Body Fluid Testing, Second Edition comprehensively covers the latest updates in three parts devoted to preanalytic considerations such as collection, labeling, handling, transport, specimen pretreatment, test ordering practices, analytic validation and postanalytic considerations. This revised edition includes a new section on validation requirements when replacing instruments, expanded post-analytical considerations to include selection of quality control materials and concentrations, and expanded frequently asked questions to address questions that arise around body fluid testing. This second edition aims to help laboratories make decisions about their body fluid testing menu and risk-based decisions about the thoroughness of their validation study design, making it a valuable resource to lab professionals. This book will act as a readily available pocket reference for students, academics and health care professionals working in a wide variety of contexts in the body fluid testing process.

Joint and Bone: From Bench to Bedside, Volume Three, the latest release in the Stem Cell Innovation in Health and Disease series, is a timely and fascinating collection of information and new discoveries that provides a contemporary snapshot album from the fast-moving field of regenerative medicine and stem cell therapeutics. This new volume addresses the molecular players underlying iPSC formation, maintenance, and expansion and differentiation, bringing chapters that describe cutting-edge research for understanding stem cell functions in joint and bone diseases, and for developing methods to bring stem cells from bench to bedside. Each chapter includes insights ranging from the use of mouse and human organoid cultures, genetic editing in vitro and in vivo, and human iPSCs to study stem cell functions and model joint and bone diseases.

The Science of Glaucoma Management: From Translational Research to Next-Generation Clinical Practice bridges the gap between laboratory research and clinicians by bringing the latest promising research directly from researchers to clinicians long before they translate into clinical advances, and often before they are presented at conferences. Organized as a series of clinically relevant topics written by world-leading experts, this book summarizes the current state of laboratory and translational research and draws on the potential implications for day-to-day clinical practice. It offers new insights and mind-opening statements through contributions from some of the most respected glaucoma research groups. The book allows glaucoma specialists to explore novel ways to refine and rethink their practice based on the latest discoveries in basic sciences and breakthrough technologies, and to gain a better understanding on how their specialty is evolving and how research may shape tomorrow's practice.

One Health Meets the Exposome: Human, Wildlife, and Ecosystem Health brings together the two powerful conceptual frameworks of One Health and the Exposome to comprehensively examine the myriad of biological, environmental, social, and cultural challenges impacting the interrelated health of humans, wildlife, and ecosystems. One Health as an encompassing concept and collaborative framework recognizes the interconnections among humans, wildlife, and our shared environment with the goal of optimizing health outcomes for all. The Exposome is more specifically oriented to human health and considers cumulative environmental exposures affecting individuals, communities, and populations. This book will provide the broadened and integrative view that considers a more holistic approach needed to confront the complex issues facing us today. One Health Meets the Exposome: Human, Wildlife, and Ecosystem Health is a valuable and cutting-edge resource for researchers and practitioners in medicine, public health, animal science, wildlife and field biology, and for any reader looking to better understand the relationships among human health and the environment.

Principles of Forensic Pathology: From Investigation to Certification offers a conceptual framework and foundational approach to a forensic practice grounded by evidence-based and mechanistic thinking. This book uses a systematic approach to address, explain, and guide the reader through diverse topics relevant to forensic pathologists and medicolegal death investigators. Nineteen chapters provide a comprehensive overview of the field of forensic pathology and discusses central topics such as scene investigation, the pathophysiology of death, death certification, the forensic autopsy, forensic imaging, pediatric forensic pathology, the importance of context, and approaches to frequently encountered medicolegal death circumstances, with mental checklists and suggestions for a consistent and considered approach. Written by forensic professionals, this book is a practical, yet comprehensive compendium for practicing forensic pathologists, coroners, medicolegal death investigators, forensic pathology fellows, pathology residents, medical students interested in forensic pathology, lawyers, and law enforcement professionals.

As transgender and gender non-binary individuals are a growing demographic, the number of patients seeking gender confirmation surgery is increasing. Atlas of Operative Techniques in Gender Affirmation Surgery is a highly illustrated and practical guide to the different types of gender affirmation surgery. Top and bottom surgeries are illustrated include facial feminization, mastectomy, techniques in phalloplasty, metoidioplasty, different approaches to vaginoplasty, management of complications of gender affirming surgery, and more. This comprehensive textbook is a must-have guide for individuals interested in gender affirmation surgery to master the complex operative procedures that this field demands and to refine their techniques.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a ubiquitous internalization process in eukaryotic cells. It consists of the formation of an approximately 50-nm diameter vesicle out of a flat membrane. Genetics, biochemistry, and microscopy experiments performed in the last four decades have been instrumental to discover and characterize major endocytic proteins in yeast and mammals. However, due to the highly dynamic nature of the endocytic assembly and its small size, many questions remain unresolved: how are endocytic proteins organized spatially and dynamically? How are forces produced and how are their directions controlled? How do the biochemical activities of endocytic proteins and the membrane shape and mechanics regulate each other? These questions are virtually impossible to visualize or measure directly with conventional approaches but thanks to new quantitative biology methods, it is now possible to infer the mechanisms of endocytosis in exquisite detail. This book introduces quantitative microscopy and mathematical modeling approaches that have been used to count the copy number of endocytic proteins, infer their localization with nanometer precision, and infer molecular and physical mechanisms that are involved in the robust formation of endocytic vesicles.

Environmental heat stress is associated with a marked decrease in orthostatic tolerance (OT), which is defined as the ability to stand or sit upright without symptoms of dizziness, lightheadedness, presyncope, or fainting. In most healthy humans, the autonomic nervous system makes rapid and balanced adjustments to heart rate and peripheral blood flow, such that most people are able to stand up "successfully" most of the time, in most environments. The goal of this book is to discuss various aspects of the sympathetic neural response to heat stress, how the sympathetic nervous system coordinates the successful integrative physiological response to orthostasis, and what happens when it encounters both challenges simultaneously. We include overviews of mechanisms of thermoregulation and blood pressure regulation in humans, with particular focus on control of cardiac output and neurovascular control mechanisms during heat stress. We discuss the implications that these changes have for distribution of peripheral blood flow and, in particular, for blood flow to the cerebral circulation. The added stressor of dehydration is also discussed, as it so often goes hand in hand with heat stress. We end with a brief presentation of countermeasures against the decreases in OT with heat stress.

Obesity and Esophageal Disorders is a comprehensive review on the impact of obesity on esophageal disorders and how to approach, recognize and treat those disorders. Covering the critical gap in awareness on the impact of obesity on esophageal disorders, this reference presents the newest diagnostic technologies, including high resolution manometry, EndoFLIP, wireless pH monitoring, and mucosal integrity devices. The book shows treatment options like bariatric surgery and endo-bariatrics that decrease the latency period for diagnosis and management of patients. Finally, the understanding of the potential effects of different bariatric surgeries on esophageal motility is explored. This importance reference serves researchers looking to determine future projects by providing novel pathophysiologic mechanisms about how obesity affects GERD and esophageal motility. It serves clinicians, surgeons and trainees with guidance on diagnostic approaches, management options, and how to recognize/treat post-surgical esophageal complications of patients with obesity.

Tissue Engineering, Third Edition provides a completely revised release with sections focusing on Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Tissue Engineering of Selected Organs and Tissues. Key chapters are updated with the latest discoveries, including coverage of new areas (skeletal TE, ophthalmology TE, immunomodulatory biomaterials and immune systems engineering). The book is written in a scientific language that is easily understood by undergraduate and graduate students in basic biological sciences, bioengineering and basic medical sciences, and researchers interested in learning about this fast-growing field.

Na Channels from Phyla to Function, the latest volume in the Current Topics in Membranes series, is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume offers an up-to-date presentation of the current knowledge in the field of Na Channels.

Insights into Enzyme Mechanisms and Functions from Experimental and Computational Methods is the latest volume in the popular Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology series, an essential resource for protein chemists. Each volume brings forth new information about protocols and analysis of proteins, with each thematically organized volume guest edited by leading experts in a broad range of protein-related topics.

Bioprinting: From Multidisciplinary Design to Emerging Opportunities describes state-of-the-art techniques and highlights open issues of different aspects that affect the efficiency of bioprinting protocols. Starting from a description of the main bioprinting technologies, the book addresses the most advanced approaches for the design of "on-demand" biomaterials suitable for incorporating biological components, along with the challenges associated with the development of a cellular model, and with the biological read-out. Coverage includes intelligent process design techniques, emerging technologies, and specific applications. Written by a highly interdisciplinary team of authors and presenting a unified approach to bioprinting, this book is ideal for doctoral and postdoctoral researchers in biotechnology, engineering, and physics, as well as industrial researchers interested in the applications of bioprinting.

Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Pharmaceutical Theory and Practice, Second Edition illustrates how to develop high-quality, safe, and effective pharmaceutical products by discussing the latest techniques, tools, and scientific advances in preformulation investigation, formulation, process design, characterization, scale-up, and production operations. This book covers the essential principles of physical pharmacy, biopharmaceutics, and industrial pharmacy, and their application to the research and development process of oral dosage forms. Chapters have been added, combined, deleted, and completely revised as necessary to produce a comprehensive, well-organized, valuable reference for industry professionals and academics engaged in all aspects of the development process. New and important topics include spray drying, amorphous solid dispersion using hot-melt extrusion, modeling and simulation, bioequivalence of complex modified-released dosage forms, biowaivers, and much more.