The rich fossil record of the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains of the United States is a gold mine for interested scientists. The last thirty million years of Earth history are superbly chronicled by a succession of fossil assemblages extending from the St. Lawrence River to Florida. Marine scientists, paleontologists, and systematic biologists alike need a thorough guide to interpret this history.

Cenozoic Seas: The View from Eastern North America analyzes the changing geography, the arrival and departures of ecosystems and species, and the affect of climate on living things. The author classifies all of the region's fossil-bearing formations and their contents within a logical, descriptive framework of space and time, providing a clear path for those studying evolution and extinction within specific communities of organisms.

The book is also an excellent field guide for fossil collectors, providing detailed information for all species illustrated. Many organisms have never before been illustrated in a book on fossil shells.

This book, first published in 1981, provides an excellent introductory analysis to plate tectonic theory. It covers plate tectonics, continental drift, mountain building, ocean trenches, earthquakes and volcanoes.

This book, first published in 1902, is the product of the detailed geological survey undertaken by the Borneo Expedition of the late nineteenth century. The scientific exploration focused on Central Borneo, especially the sources of the Kapoewas and its tributaries, and its analysis of the geology of the region still today forms the bedrock of research into the area.

Geology, one of the basic natural sciences, is proving to be of outstanding importance in solving problems relating to:

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• agriculture
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• exploitation of the Earth's mineral resources
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• environmental issues
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• soil preservation
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• water
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• energy and other resources
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• protection against natural disasters (landslides, floods, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes) as well as human health.
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This monograph consists of the following five segments:

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• Introduction
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• Geological and other factors and their influence on the human health
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• Subject, tasks and methods of geomedical discipline
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• Regional medical geology
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• Applied medical geology
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In this book the editors strive to cover all primary (i.e. non-applied) topics in Precambrian geology in a non-partisan way, by using a large team of international authors to present their datasets and highly divergent viewpoints.

The chapters address: celestial origins of Earth and succeeding extraterrestrial impact events; generation of continental crust and the greenstone-granite debate; the interaction of mantle plumes and plate tectonics over Precambrian time; Precambrian volcanism, emphasising komatiite research; evolution and models for Earth's hydrosphere and atmosphere; evolution of life and its influence on Precambrian ocean chemistry and chemical sedimentation; sedimentation through Precambrian time; the application of sequence stratigraphy to the Precambrian rock record. Each topic is introduced and a non-partisan closing commentary provided at the end of each chapter. The final chapter blends the major geological events and rates at which important processes occurred into a synthesis, which postulates a number of "event clusters" in the Precambrian when significant changes occurred in many natural systems and geological environments.

Also available in paperback, ISBN: 0-444-51509-7

The Key to Earth History introduces students to the basic tools used by geologists to reconstruct the Earth's history, and shows how these tools can be used to chart the pattern of global environmental change since the formation of the Earth some 4600 million years ago. It tells a story of mountain building, climate change and of the evolution of life, and uses the North Atlantic region (Europe and North America) as a study area to illustrate this story.
Divided into two parts, the book shows how stratigraphy is the key to understanding the history of the Earth. The first part examines the basic stratigraphical methods used to establish, date and interpret the rock record as the product of a series of events whithin Earth history. The second part presents the results obtained by geologists, who have used these stratigraphical tools to reconstruct the pattern of global environmental change through geological time and focuses on the geological evolution of the North Atlantic region. The Key to Earth History is essential reading for geologists, geographers and environmental scientists, as well as to all those interested in the story of the planet.
'The authors provide no one with an alibi for bad stratigraphic teaching!'
Geoscientist
'The aims of this introductory textbook are to explain the process and pattern of Earth history, to generate interest and enthusiasm, to make stratigraphy fun and exciting! These aims are admirably achieved.'
The Holocene
'This is a great little book! I found that, not only was everything covered, but that it was covered in a refreshing, readable, no-nonsense fashion.'
Earth Science Reviews
'The Key to Earth History really should be compulsory reading for all ... geology students.'
Geologie

Up-to-date coverage and a unique, multidisciplinary approach

The ongoing effort to protect our valuable ground-water resources necessarily involves scientists and engineers from many disciplines. Ground-Water Microbiology and Geochemistry, Second Edition is designed to bridge the historical lack of communication among these disciplines by detailing–in language that cuts across specialties–the impact of microorganisms and microbial processes on ground-water systems.

Carefully revised to reflect the many recent discoveries that have been made in the field, the Second Edition begins with an overview of microbiology, ideal for hydrologists and others who may lack formal training in the field. These initial chapters systematically cover the kinds of microorganisms found in subsurface environments, focusing on their growth, metabolism, genetics, and ecology.

The second part of the book offers a hydrologic perspective on how microbial processes affect ground-water geochemistry in pristine systems. It also introduces the different classes of ground-water systems, and gives an overview of techniques for sampling subsurface environments. Readers gain an understanding of biogeochemical cycling in ground-water systems–in coverage unique to this book–and how ground-water chemistry can be used to study microbial processes in aquifer systems.

The final section of the book deals with the biodegradation of human-introduced contaminants in ground-water systems, with an up-to-date review of the physiology, biochemistry, and redox conditions that favor biodegradation processes.

Ground-Water Microbiology and Geochemistry, Second Edition is important reading for geoscientists, hydrologists, and environmental engineers, as well as for water planners and lawyers involved in environmental issues. It also serves as a compelling text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in ground-water chemistry.

The use of statistics is fundamental to many endeavors in biology and geology. For students and professionals in these fields, there is no better way to build a statistical background than to present the concepts and techniques in a context relevant to their interests. Statistics with Applications in Biology and Geology provides a practical introduction to using fundamental parametric statistical models frequently applied to data analysis in biology and geology.

Based on material developed for an introductory statistics course and classroom tested for nearly 10 years, this treatment establishes a firm basis in models, the likelihood method, and numeracy. The models addressed include one sample, two samples, one- and two-way analysis of variance, and linear regression for normal data and similar models for binomial, multinomial, and Poisson data. Building on the familiarity developed with those models, the generalized linear models are introduced, making it possible for readers to handle fairly complicated models for both continuous and discrete data. Models for directional data are treated as well. The emphasis is on parametric models, but the book also includes a chapter on the most important nonparametric tests.

This presentation incorporates the use of the SAS statistical software package, which authors use to illustrate all of the statistical tools described. However, to reinforce understanding of the basic concepts, calculations for the simplest models are also worked through by hand. SAS programs and the data used in the examples and exercises are available on the Internet.

This volume provides an overview of current and future trends in aeolian research. It is written by leading scientists from the UK, Canada, India, Australia and the USA, all of whom are actively involved in aeolian research. The book seeks to provide a comprehensive account of present aeolian processes, landforms and sediments, together with an analysis of past aeolian environments. Further, it looks at some of the anthropogenic pressures on aeolian processes, both on coasts and in deserts, and discusses some management solutions. The text is characterised by the wide perspective it provides and by the authority of its authors. Its fourteen chapters cover the history of desert dune studies, recent investigations of airflow and sand transport, sand seas, coastal dune dynamics, dune management, the physics of aeolian movement, wind erosion (especially of agricultural land), dust storms, loess deposition, the aeolian rock record, palaeoenvironments in the Quaternary, luminescence dating techniques, and aeolian research for the Millennium.

All geologists need a broad understanding of science to understand the processes they are studying and the analytical techniques they use. In particular, geology students need to grasp the basic physics that lies behind these processes, which this book provides in plain language and simple mathematics. It also gives the reader enough background physics to allow them to make up their own minds about the validity of what they read in the scientific literature or hear. There is an emphasis on water, an essential component of geology, on which there is much published error that is indiscernible without the background provided by this book.
This up-dated and revised edition of Richard Chapman's Physics for Geologists discusses a wide range of forces at work in geology against the background of Kepler's and Newton's laws; electromagnetic radiation from optics to gamma rays, atomic structure and age-dating, heat and heat flow, electricity and magnetism, stress and strain, sea waves, acoustics, and fluids and fluid flow. The book give basic definitions and dimensions and also some warnings about mis-understanding of mathematical statistics, particularly of linear regression analysis, and unenlightened computation.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203305418

This book provides a comprehensive discussion of the newest and best in the field of rock scour assessment due to falling high-velocity jets. It comprises the papers of a workshop organized to bring together engineers and scientists from all over the world to promote the exchange of knowledge on the complexities of the hydrodynamic-geotechnical scour problem. The workshop covered topics ranging from physical modelling to jet aeration and air entrainment in plunge pools as well as numerical modelling and protection measures. Some interesting case studies from around the world are also presented. This book is the first to bring together practical experience and theoretical understanding related to the latest scour evacuation methods. It will enhance future research and design activities as well as helping to improve safety of hydraulic structures and dams.

Today's engineering and geoscience student needs to know more than how to design a new or remedial project or facility. Questions of law and ambiguities of terms often occur in contracts for mining, landfills, site reclamation, waste depositories, clean up sites, land leases, operating agreements, joint ventures, and other projects. Work place situations arise where environmental compliance methods are challenged by enforcement agencies. Although the statutes, rules, and regulations may seem to be worded clearly and specifically, there are often questions in application and sometimes varied interpretations.

Environmental Law for Engineers and Geoscientists introduces simplified American jurisprudence focusing on the legal system, its courts, terms, phrases, administrative law, and regulation by the agencies that administer environmental law. The book comprehensively covers the "big five" environmental statutes: NEPA, CAA, CWA, CERCLA, and RCRA. With the basic law chapter as a foundation, the book covers the practical applications of environmental law for geo-engineers. It concludes with a chapter on the growing area of expert witnessing and admissible evidence in environmental litigation - an area of law where success or failure increasingly depends on the exacting preparation and presentation of expert scientific evidence.

Written by a professional mining and geological engineer and a practicing attorney, Environmental Law for Engineers and Geoscientists prepares students for the numerous environmental regulatory encounters they can expect when dealing with various statutes, laws, regulations, and agency rules that govern, affect, and apply to environmental engineering projects. It provides a working knowledge of how to judge whether or not a project is in compliance with regulations, and how to ensure that it is.

Topical Issues of Rational Use of Natural Resources 2019 Vol. 2 contains the contributions presented at the XV International Forum-Contest of Students and Young Researchers under the auspices of UNESCO (St. Petersburg Mining University, Russia, 13-17 May 2019). The Forum-Contest is a great opportunity for young researchers to present their work to the academics involved or interested the area of extraction and processing of natural resources. The topics of the book include: * Geotechnologies of resource extraction: current challenges and prospects * Cutting edge technologies of geological mapping, search and prospecting of mineral deposits * Digital and energy saving technologies in mineral resource complex * Breakthrough technologies of integrated processing of mineral hydrocarbon and technogenic raw materials with further production of new generation materials * The latest management and financing solutions for the development of mineral resources sector * Environment protection and sustainable nature management * New approaches to resolving hydrocarbon sector-specific issues Topical Issues of Rational Use of Natural Resources 2019 Vol. 2 collects the best reports presented at the Forum-Contest, and is of interest to academics and professionals involved in the extraction and processing of natural resources.

Atmospheric Research in Antarctica: Present Status and Thrust Areas in Climate Change represents a panoramic view of the developments in the field of Antarctic atmospheric sciences and meteorology broadly covering geomagnetism and aeronomy, middle atmospheric studies and global and climate change studies. It includes greenhouse gases, ozone monitoring as well as very low frequency (VLF) phenomena, and space weather, Antarctic meteorology, and mathematical modeling of atmosphere and ocean processes around Antarctica. Atmospheric electricity and aerosols investigations over Antarctica along with the total solar eclipse-related studies, calibration of AWIFS Sensor, and measurements of positive ions, are also discussed. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in atmospheric studies, meteorology, Antarctic studies, climate change. FEATURES: Covers scientific aspects of Antarctic meteorology and atmospheric sciences under climate change scenario Contains diverse set of information with strong bearing on recent and past polar processes Presents integrated research on polar science coupled with meteorological, climatological and atmosphericsciences Thoroughly reviews geomagnetism and aeronomy, middle atmospheric studies including global and climate change studies Helps readers understand how Antarctica's climate has changed in the past and is being affected by 'global warming' and how might we expect its climate to change in the future?

This book is a collection of papers presented in the 30th International Geological Congress, held in Beijing, on geochemistry. The papers deal with topics on fluid-rock interaction, geochemical kinetics, geochemical mapping, environmental geochemistry, and exploration geochemistry.

This volume provides the first systematic description of the most important geological structures of Mongolia and discusses the main features of these structures and their interactions. The main characteristics of magmatism are described for each stage of tectonic development and the evolution of magmatism is considered with reference to lithosphere development. Mongolia is a key region of the world and this volume provides a primary source of reference for postgraduates and researchers.

Your Definitive Guide to Petoskey Stone Michigan's state stone is prized for its beautiful patterning, which is said to resemble the rays of the rising sun. Take an in-depth look at the famous fossilized coral-including a summary of the fascinating natural history, which began 400 million years ago. Learn all about it, and then head out and search for your own. Get expert advice from author Dan R. Lynch on how to identify and collect Petoskey stones. With tips on where to look and what to look for, along with information about Petoskey lookalikes and other fossils you might find, your rock-hounding trips will be better than ever! Suggestions on what to do with your finds and how much they're worth add to the knowledge you'll gain from Petoskey Stone. From Lake Michigan beaches and Petoskey State Park to gravel pits and riverbeds, grab this book and begin your rock-hunting adventure!

Treasures of the Earth

From the author of "Collecting Rocks, Gems and Minerals" and one of the leading agate collectors in the world, comes this comprehensive guide to collecting agates and jaspers, the most sought after types of collectible rocks on the market today. Designed with all beginners in mind, yet filled with valuable technical information for advanced enthusiasts, "Collecting Agates and Jaspers" helps rockhounds discover these treasures of North America.

• The only book on agates and jaspers to offer values.
• Featuring nearly 700 beautiful color pictures, descriptions and technical information, the book provides an easy-to-use, quick reference format perfect for home and field.
• Organized by U.S. states and provinces in Canada and Mexico, with introductions pinpointing each area's best spots and what you can find there.

A pilot study conducted at the Gilze water treatment plant of Water Supply North West Brabant demonstrated that adsorptive filtration has several potential advantages over floc filtration, namely: longer filter runs due to slower head loss development; better filtrate quality; shorter ripening time; and less backwash water use. In existing groundwater treatment plants, the high iron (II) adsorption capacity of the iron oxide coated filter media makes it potentially possible to switch the governing mode of operation from floc filtration to adsorptive filtration. To achieve this two options can be considered: iron (II) adsorption under anoxic conditions followed by oxidation with oxygen-rich water; and adsorption of iron (II) in the presence of oxygen and simultaneous oxidation. The first option might be attractive specifically when two filtration steps are available.

A comprehensive overview of Saudi Arabia's environment, this volume is a unique and authoritative text on the geological and environmental aspects of Saudi Arabia, a country about which little is known by the outside world. Saudi Arabia is a fascinating country with a long tradition of environmental awareness and sensitivity, pitted against some of the harshest environments on earth. The book brings together a wide range of published and unpublished material which will be of interest to environmental scientists, geologists, geographers and biologists. A comprehensive bibliography is included. This book will be indispensable for university courses dealing with the Middle East and arid zone environments as well as various regional/environmental courses.

The subject of wavelet analysis and fractal analysis is fast developing and has drawn a great deal of attention in varied disciplines of science and engineering. Over the past couple of decades, wavelets, multiresolution, and multifractal analyses have been formalized into a thorough mathematical framework and have found a variety of applications with significant impact in several branches of earth system sciences. Wavelets and Fractals in Earth System Sciences highlights the role of advanced data processing techniques in present-day research in various fields of earth system sciences. The book consists of ten chapters, providing a well-balanced blend of information about the role of wavelets, fractals, and multifractal analyses with the latest examples of their application in various research fields. By combining basics with advanced material, this book introduces concepts as needed and serves as an excellent introductory material and also as an advanced reference text for students and researchers.

A discussion of the fundamental aspects of fluid flow phenomena in a jointed rock mass, as well as various geological (structural) features and their influence on flow deformation characteristics. Various types of laboratory triaxial apparatus used in testing are also highlighted.

A discussion of the fundamental aspects of fluid flow phenomena in a jointed rock mass, as well as various geological (structural) features and their influence on flow deformation characteristics. Various types of laboratory triaxial apparatus used in testing are also highlighted.

Stretching 1,200 kilometres across six countries, the colossal mountains of the Alps dominate Europe, geographically and historically. Enlightenment thinkers felt the sublime and magisterial peaks were the very embodiment of nature, Romantic poets looked to them for divine inspiration, and Victorian explorers tested their ingenuity and courage against them. Located at the crossroads between powerful states, the Alps have played a crucial role in the formation of European history, a place of intense cultural fusion as well as fierce conflict between warring nations. A diverse range of flora and fauna have made themselves at home in this harsh environment, which today welcomes over 100 million tourists a year. Leading Alpine scholar Jon Mathieu tells the story of the people who have lived in and been inspired by these mountains and valleys, from the ancient peasants of the Neolithic to the cyclists of the Tour de France. Far from being a remote and backward corner of Europe, the Alps are shown by Mathieu to have been a crucible of new ideas and technologies at the heart of the European story.

This book originated from a proposal by one author (J. R. H.) who was subsequently joined by a second (E. D.) and then by a third (K. J. G.). It has taken longer to produce than we expected because of the complications imposed by the distances which the authors have succeeded in putting between themselves during the past three years. The basic objective was to produce a short book which would introduce geomorphological processes to students in the first or second year of their higher education courses. We believed that there was a need for such a book reviewing a range of geomorphological processes which would offer a prelude to the symphonies which are available in books devoted to specific processes and their effects, many of which are sign posted in the lists of further reading at the end of each chapter. We are aware that the range of suitable preludes is wide, but we have endeavoured to compose one which expresses at least some of the recent achieve-ments in the study of geomorphological processes. Emphasis is placed on the nature of processes and upon their controls but the effects of processes in creating landforms are not reviewed in any detail. In addition to the selected references at the end of each chapter, we have collected a bibliography of works cited at the end of the book but this is not intended to be as exhaustive as the references collated in more advanced works.