This book covers the latest advances in playful user interfaces - interfaces that invite social and physical interaction. These new developments include the use of audio, visual, tactile and physiological sensors to monitor, provide feedback and anticipate the behavior of human users. The decreasing cost of sensor and actuator technology makes it possible to integrate physical behavior information in human-computer interactions. This leads to many new entertainment and game applications that allow or require social and physical interaction in sensor- and actuator-equipped smart environments. The topics discussed include: human-nature interaction, human-animal interaction and the interaction with tangibles that are naturally integrated in our smart environments. Digitally supported remote audience participation in artistic or sport events is also discussed. One important theme that emerges throughout the book is the involvement of users in the digital-entertainment design process or even design and implementation of interactive entertainment by users themselves, including children doing so in educational settings.

This book introduces approaches that have the potential to transform the daily practice of psychiatrists and psychologists. This includes the asynchronous communication between mental health care providers and clients as well as the automation of assessment and therapy.

Speech and language are particularly interesting from the viewpoint of psychological assessment. For instance, depression may change the characteristics of voice in individuals and these changes can be detected by a special form of speech analysis. Computational screening methods that utilize speech and language can detect subtle changes and alert clinicians as well as individuals and caregivers.

The use of online technologies in mental health, however, poses ethical problems that will occupy concerned individuals, governments and the wider public for some time. Assuming that these ethical problems can be solved, it should be possible to diagnose and treat mental health disorders online (excluding the use of medication).

Speech and language are particularly interesting from the viewpoint of psychological assessment. For instance, depression may change the characteristics of voice in individuals and these changes can be detected by a special form of speech analysis. Computational screening methods that utilize speech and language can detect subtle changes and alert clinicians as well as individuals and caregivers.

The use of online technologies in mental health, however, poses ethical problems that will occupy concerned individuals, governments and the wider public for some time. Assuming that these ethical problems can be solved, it should be possible to diagnose and treat mental health disorders online (excluding the use of medication).

Since its origination in the mid-twentieth century, the area of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has undergone a number of developments. While the early interest in AI was mainly triggered by the desire to develop artifacts that show the same intelligent behavior as humans, nowadays scientists have realized that research in AI involves a multitude of separate challenges, besides the traditional goal to replicate human intelligence. In particular, recent history has pointed out that a variety of 'intelligent' computational techniques, part of which are inspired by human intelligence, may be successfully applied to solve all kinds of practical problems. This sub-area of AI, which has its main emphasis on applications of intelligent systems to solve real-life problems, is currently known under the term Applied Intelligence. The objective of the International Conference on Industrial, Engineering & Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems (IEA/AIE) is to promote and disseminate recent research developments in Applied Intelligence. The current book contains 30 chapters authored by participants of the 26th edition of IEA/AIE, which was held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The material of each chapter is self-contained and was reviewed by at least two anonymous referees, to assure a high quality. Readers can select any individual chapter based on their research interests without the need of reading other chapters. We are confident that this book provides useful reference values to researchers and students in the field of Applied Intelligence, enabling them to find opportunities and recognize challenges in the field.

This book highlights electromagnetic actuation (EMA) and sensing systems for a broad range of applications including targeted drug delivery, drug-release-rate control, catheterization, intravitreal needleless injections, wireless magnetic capsule endoscopy, and micromanipulations. It also reviews the state-of-the-art magnetic actuation and sensing technologies with remotely controlled targets used in biomedicine.

This book is devoted to a novel approach for dimensionality reduction based on the famous nearest neighbor method that is a powerful classification and regression approach. It starts with an introduction to machine learning concepts and a real-world application from the energy domain. Then, unsupervised nearest neighbors (UNN) is introduced as efficient iterative method for dimensionality reduction. Various UNN models are developed step by step, reaching from a simple iterative strategy for discrete latent spaces to a stochastic kernel-based algorithm for learning submanifolds with independent parameterizations. Extensions that allow the embedding of incomplete and noisy patterns are introduced. Various optimization approaches are compared, from evolutionary to swarm-based heuristics. Experimental comparisons to related methodologies taking into account artificial test data sets and also real-world data demonstrate the behavior of UNN in practical scenarios. The book contains numerous color figures to illustrate the introduced concepts and to highlight the experimental results.

The growing demand for high quality, safety, and security of software systems can only be met by rigorous application of formal methods during software design. Tools for formal methods in general, however, do not provide a sufficient level of automatic processing. This book methodically investigates the potential of first-order logic automated theorem provers for applications in software engineering.Illustrated by complete case studies on verification of communication and security protocols and logic-based component reuse, the book characterizes proof tasks to allow an assessment of the provers capabilities. Necessary techniques and extensions, e.g., for handling inductive and modal proof tasks, or for controlling the prover, are covered in detail. The book demonstrates that state-of-the-art automated theorem provers are capable of automatically handling important tasks during the development of high-quality software and it provides many helpful techniques for increasing practical usability of the automated theorem prover for successful applications.

Enterprises have made amazing advances by taking advantage of data about their business to provide predictions and understanding of their customers, markets, and products. But as the world of business becomes more interconnected and global, enterprise data is no long a monolith; it is just a part of a vast web of data. Managing data on a world-wide scale is a key capability for any business today. The Semantic Web treats data as a distributed resource on the scale of the World Wide Web, and incorporates features to address the challenges of massive data distribution as part of its basic design. The aim of the first two editions was to motivate the Semantic Web technology stack from end-to-end; to describe not only what the Semantic Web standards are and how they work, but also what their goals are and why they were designed as they are. It tells a coherent story from beginning to end of how the standards work to manage a world-wide distributed web of knowledge in a meaningful way. The third edition builds on this foundation to bring Semantic Web practice to enterprise. Fabien Gandon joins Dean Allemang and Jim Hendler, bringing with him years of experience in global linked data, to open up the story to a modern view of global linked data. While the overall story is the same, the examples have been brought up to date and applied in a modern setting, where enterprise and global data come together as a living, linked network of data. Also included with the third edition, all of the data sets and queries are available online for study and experimentation at data.world/swwo.

This brief book presents the strong fractional analysis of Banach space valued functions of a real domain. The book's results are abstract in nature: analytic inequalities, Korovkin approximation of functions and neural network approximation. The chapters are self-contained and can be read independently. This concise book is suitable for use in related graduate classes and many research projects. An extensive list of references is provided for each chapter. The book's results are relevant for many areas of pure and applied mathematics. As such, it offers a unique resource for researchers, and a valuable addition to all science and engineering libraries.

This book contains a selection of papers that were initially presented at the 4th On-Line World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications that was held in September 1999. Soft Computing provides various methodologies for developing intelligent systems that offer competitive solutions to real world problems. This book is comprised of a unique collection of papers that provide a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art-theory and sucessful industrial applications of soft computing around the world. It is written by some of the leading researchers in this field. This book is aimed at researchers and professional engineers who are engaged in developing intelligent systems as well as graduate students in science and engineering.

In recent years, the issue of linkage in GEAs has garnered greater attention and recognition from researchers. Conventional approaches that rely much on ad hoc tweaking of parameters to control the search by balancing the level of exploitation and exploration are grossly inadequate. As shown in the work reported here, such parameters tweaking based approaches have their limits; they can be easily fooled by cases of triviality or peculiarity of the class of problems that the algorithms are designed to handle. Furthermore, these approaches are usually blind to the interactions between the decision variables, thereby disrupting the partial solutions that are being built up along the way.

The amount of digital data available in the world doubles almost every year. Managed well, this data can be used to extract new sources of knowledge for daily business use. Multidisciplinary Computational Intelligence Techniques: Applications in Business, Engineering, and Medicine explores the complex world of computational intelligence, which utilizes computational methodologies such as fuzzy logic systems, neural networks, and evolutionary computation for the purpose of managing and using data effectively and addressing complicated real-world problems. This publication brings together various segments of computational intelligence and its applications in the worlds of business, engineering, and medicine.

This book gathers extended versions of the best papers presented at the 8th IEEE conference on Intelligent Systems, held in Sofia, Bulgaria on September 4-6, 2016, which are mainly related to theoretical research in the area of intelligent systems. The main focus is on novel developments in fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy sets, the mathematical modelling tool of generalized nets and the newly defined method of intercriteria analysis. The papers reflect a broad and diverse team of authors, including many young researchers from Australia, Bulgaria, China, the Czech Republic, Iran, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, South Korea and the UK.

This book contains an interesting and state-of the art collection of chapters presenting several examples of attempts to developing modern tools utilizing computational intelligence in different real life problems encountered by humans. Reasoning, prediction, modeling, optimization, decision making, etc. need modern, soft and intelligent algorithms, methods and methodologies to solve, in the efficient ways, problems appearing in human activity. The contents of the book is divided into two parts. Part I, consisting of four chapters, is devoted to selected links of computational intelligence, medicine, health care and biomechanics. Several problems are considered: estimation of healthcare system reliability, classification of ultrasound thyroid images, application of fuzzy logic to measure weight status and central fatness, and deriving kinematics directly from video records. Part II, also consisting of four chapters, is devoted to selected links of computational intelligence and biology. The common denominator of three chapters is Physarum polycephalum, one-cell organisms able to build complex networks for solving different computational tasks. One chapter focuses on a novel device, the memristor, that has possible uses both in the creation of hardware neural nets for artificial intelligence and as the connection between a hardware neural net and a living neuronal cell network in the treatment and monitoring of neurological disease. This book is intended for a wide audience of readers who are interested in various aspects of computational intelligence.

The quantitative and qualitative study of the physical world makes use of many mathematical models governed by a great diversity of ordinary, partial differential, integral, and integro-differential equations. An essential step in such investigations is the solution of these types of equations, which sometimes can be performed analytically, while at other times only numerically. This edited, self-contained volume presents a series of state-of-the-art analytic and numerical methods of solution constructed for important problems arising in science and engineering, all based on the powerful operation of (exact or approximate) integration.

The book, consisting of twenty seven selected chapters presented by well-known specialists in the field, is an outgrowth of the Eighth International Conference on Integral Methods in Science and Engineering, held August 2a "4, 2004, in Orlando, FL. Contributors cover a wide variety of topics, from the theoretical development of boundary integral methods to the application of integration-based analytic and numerical techniques that include integral equations, finite and boundary elements, conservation laws, hybrid approaches, and other procedures.

The volume may be used as a reference guide and a practical resource. It is suitable for researchers and practitioners in applied mathematics, physics, and mechanical and electrical engineering, as well as graduate students in these disciplines.

This book covers all types of literature on existing trend analysis approaches, but more than 60% of the methodologies are developed here and some of them are reflected to scientific literature and others are also innovative versions, modifications or improvements. The suggested methodologies help to design, develop, manage and deliver scientific applications and training to meet the needs of interested staff in companies, industries and universities including students. Technical content and expertise are also provided from different theoretical and especially active roles in the design, development and delivery of science in particular and economics and business in general. It is also ensured that, wherever possible and technically appropriate, priority is given to the inclusion and integration of real life data, examples and processes within the book content. The time seems right, because available books just focus on special sectors (fashion, social, business). This book reviews all the available trend approaches in the present literature on rational and logical bases.

This volume is dedicated to the memory of Professor Ashley Morris who passed away some two years ago. Ashley was a close friend of all of us, the editors of this volume, and was also a Ph.D. student of one of us. We all had a chance to not only fully appreciate, and be inspired by his contributions, which have had a considerable impact on the entire research community. Due to our personal relations with Ashley, we also had an opportunity to get familiar with his deep thinking about the areas of his expertise and interests. Ashley has been involved since the very beginning of his professional career in database research and practice. Notably, he introduced first some novel solution in database management systems that could handle imprecise and uncertain data, and flexible queries based on imprecisely specified user interests. He proposed to use for that purpose fuzzy logic as an effective and efficient tool. Later the interests of Ashley moved to ways of how to represent and manipulate more complicated databases involving spatial or temporal objects. In this research he discovered and pursued the power of Geographic Information Systems (GISs).

These two main lines of Ashley 's research interests and contributions are reflected in the composition of this volume. Basically, we collected some significant papers by well known researchers and scholars on the above mentioned topics. The particular contributions will now be briefly summarized to help the reader get a view of the topics covered and the contents of the particular contributions.

What we profoundly witness these days is a growing number of human-centric systems and a genuine interest in a comprehensive understanding of their underlying paradigms and the development of solid and efficient design practices. We are indeed in the midst of the next information revolution, which very likely brings us into a completely new world of ubiquitous and invisible computing, Ambient Intelligent (AMI), and wearable hardware. This requires a totally new way of thinking in which cognitive aspects of design, cognitive system engineering and distributed approach play a pivotal role. This book fully addresses these timely needs by filling a gap between the two well-established disciplines of cognitive sciences and cognitive systems engineering. As we put succinctly in the preface, with the psychological perspective of human cognition in mind, the book explores the computational models of reasoning, learning, planning and multi-agent coordination and control of the human moods . This is an excellent, up to the point description of the book. The treatise is focused on the underlying fundamentals, spans across a vast territory embracing logic perspectives of human cognition, distributed models, parallel computing, expert systems, and intelligent robotics."

Granular Computing is concerned with constructing and processing carried out at the level of information granules. Using information granules, we comprehend the world and interact with it, no matter which intelligent endeavor this may involve. The landscape of granular computing is immensely rich and involves set theory (interval mathematics), fuzzy sets, rough sets, random sets linked together in a highly synergetic environment. This volume is a first comprehensive treatment of this emerging paradigm and embraces its fundamentals, underlying methodological framework, and a sound algorithmic environment. The panoply of applications covered includes system identification, telecommunications, linguistics and music processing. Written by experts in the field, this volume will appeal to all developing intelligent systems, either working at the methodological level or interested in detailed system realization.

This volume maps the watershed areas between two 'holy grails' of computer science: the identification and interpretation of "affect "- including sentiment and mood. The expression of sentiment and mood involves the use of metaphors, especially in emotive situations. Affect computing is rooted in hermeneutics, philosophy, political science and sociology, and is now a key area of research in computer science. The 24/7 news sites and blogs facilitate the expression and shaping of opinion locally and globally. Sentiment analysis, based on text and data mining, is being used in the looking at news and blogs for purposes as diverse as: brand management, film reviews, financial market analysis and prediction, homeland security. There are systems that learn how sentiments are articulated.

This work draws on, and informs, research in fields as varied as artificial intelligence, especially reasoning and machine learning, corpus-based information extraction, linguistics, and psychology. "

The term Web Intelligence is de?ned as a new line of scienti?c research and development, whichisusedtoexplorethefundamentalrolesandpractical- pactofArti?cialIntelligence togetherwithadvancedInformationTechnology and its e?ect on the future generations of Web-empowered products. These include systems, services, amongst other activities, all of which are carried out by the Web Intelligence Consortium (http: //wi-consortium.org/). Web Intelligence was ?rst coined in the late 1999's. From that time, many new algorithms, methods and techniques were developedand used extracting both knowledge and wisdom from the data originating from the Web. A number of initiatives have been adopted by the world communities in this areaofstudy.Theseincludebooks, conferenceseries, andjournals.Thislatest book encomposes a variaty of up to date state of the art approaches in Web Intelligence. Furthermore, it hightlights successful applications in this area of research within a practical context. The present book aims to introduce a selection of research applications in the area of Web Intelligence. We have selected a number of researchers around the world, all of which are experts in their respective research areas. Each chapter focuses on a speci?c topic in the ?eld of Web Intelligence. Furthermorethe bookconsistsofa numberofinnovativeproposalswhichwill contribute to the development of web science and technology for the lo- term future, rendering this collective work a valuable piece of knowledge. It was a great honour to have collaborated with this team of very talented experts. We also wish to express our grattitude to those who reviewed this book o?ering their constructive feedbacks.

This book is intended to provide a systematic overview of so-called smart techniques, such as nature-inspired algorithms, machine learning and metaheuristics. Despite their ubiquitous presence and widespread application to different scientific problems, such as searching, optimization and /or classification, a systematic study is missing in the current literature. Here, the editors collected a set of chapters on key topics, paying attention to provide an equal balance of theory and practice, and to outline similarities between the different techniques and applications. All in all, the book provides an unified view on the field on intelligent methods, with their current perspective and future challenges.

This book provides readers with extensive information on path planning optimization for both single and multiple Autonomous Guided Vehicles (AGVs), and discusses practical issues involved in advanced industrial applications of AGVs. After discussing previously published research in the field and highlighting the current gaps, it introduces new models developed by the authors with the goal of reducing costs and increasing productivity and effectiveness in the manufacturing industry. The new models address the increasing complexity of manufacturing networks, due for example to the adoption of flexible manufacturing systems that involve automated material handling systems, robots, numerically controlled machine tools, and automated inspection stations, while also considering the uncertainty and stochastic nature of automated equipment such as AGVs. The book discusses and provides solutions to important issues concerning the use of AGVs in the manufacturing industry, including material flow optimization with AGVs, programming manufacturing systems equipped with AGVs, reliability models, the reliability of AGVs, routing under uncertainty, and risks involved in AGV-based transportation. The clear style and straightforward descriptions of problems and their solutions make the book an excellent resource for graduate students. Moreover, thanks to its practice-oriented approach, the novelty of the findings and the contemporary topic it reports on, the book offers new stimulus for researchers and practitioners in the broad field of production engineering.

This book compiles recent advances of evolutionary algorithms in dynamic and uncertain environments within a unified framework. The book is motivated by the fact that some degree of uncertainty is inevitable in characterizing any realistic engineering systems. Discussion includes representative methods for addressing major sources of uncertainties in evolutionary computation, including handle of noisy fitness functions, use of approximate fitness functions, search for robust solutions, and tracking moving optimums.

This book presents recent research in the field of interaction between computational intelligence and mathematics. In the current technological age, we face the challenges of tackling very complex problems - in the usual sense, but also in the mathematical and theoretical computer science sense. However, even the most up-to-date results in mathematics, are unable to provide exact solutions of such problems, and no further technical advances will ever make it possible to find general and exact solutions. Constantly developing technologies (including social technologies) necessitate handling very complex problems. This has led to a search for acceptably "good" or precise solutions, which can be achieved by the combination of traditional mathematical techniques and computational intelligence tools, in order to solve the various problems emerging in many different areas to a satisfactory degree. Important funding programs, such as the European Commission's current framework programme for research and innovation - Horizon 2020 - are devoted to the development of new instruments to deal with the current challenges. Without doubt, research topics associated with the interactions between computational intelligence and traditional mathematics play a key role. Presenting contributions from engineers, scientists and mathematicians, this book offers a series of novel solutions for meaningful and real-world problems that connect those research areas.

Wagman presents a general, unified theory of artificial and human intelligence under which the nature of human reasoning, problem solving, analogical thinking, and scientific discovery is examined from theoretical, research and computational perspectives. The work analyzes foundational issues regarding the nature of intelligent systems and intelligence, and significant and current research in the area is discussed. This book will be of interest to scholars dealing with psychology, artificial intelligence and cognitive science.