Mobile Intention Recognition addresses problems of practical relevance for mobile system engineers: how can we make mobile assistance systems more intelligent? How can we model and recognize patterns of human behavior which span more than a limited spatial context? This text provides an overview on plan and intention recognition, ranging from the late 1970s to very recent approaches. This overview is unique as it discusses approaches with respect to the specificities of mobile intention recognition. This book covers problems from research on mobile assistance systems using methods from artificial intelligence and natural language processing. It thus addresses an extraordinary interdisciplinary audience.

This research book presents some specific multimedia systems that have been developed and applied in practice. More specifically, it consists of an editorial, an introductory chapter and six chapters as below. * Use of Multi-attribute Decision Making for Combining Audio-Lingual and Visual-Facial Modalities in Emotion Recognition. . Cooperative Learning assisted by Automatic Classification within Social Networking Services. . Improving Peer-to-Peer Communication in e-Learning by Development of an Advanced Messaging System. * Fuzzy-based Digital Video Stabilization in Static Scenes. * Development of Architecture, Information Archive and Multimedia Formats for Digital e-Libraries. * Layered Ontological Image for Intelligent Interaction to extend User Capabilities on Multimedia Systems in a Folksonomy Driven Environment.

This book is the fourth volume of the sub series of the Lecture Notes in Mobility dedicated to Road Vehicle Automation. lts chapters have been written by researchers, engineers and analysts from all around the globe. Topics covered include public sector activities, human factors and challenges, ethical, legal, energy and technology perspectives, vehicle systems development, as well as transportation infrastructure and planning. The book is based on the Automated Vehicles Symposium which took place in San Francisco, California (USA) in July 2016.

Mining of Data with Complex Structures:

- Clarifies the type and nature of data with complex structure including sequences, trees and graphs

- Provides a detailed background of the state-of-the-art of sequence mining, tree mining and graph mining.

-Defines the essential aspects of the tree mining problem: subtree types, support definitions, constraints.

- Outlines the implementation issues one needs to consider when developing tree mining algorithms (enumeration strategies, data structures, etc.)

- Details the Tree Model Guided (TMG) approach for tree mining and provides the mathematical model for the worst case estimate of complexity of mining ordered induced and embedded subtrees.

- Explains the mechanism of the TMG framework for mining ordered/unordered induced/embedded and distance-constrained embedded subtrees.

- Provides a detailed comparison of the different tree mining approaches highlighting the characteristics and benefits of each approach.

- Overviews the implications and potential applications of tree mining in general knowledge management related tasks, and uses Web, health and bioinformatics related applications as case studies.

- Details the extension of the TMG framework for sequence mining

- Provides an overview of the future research direction with respect to technical extensions and application areas

The primary audience is 3rd year, 4th year undergraduate students, Masters and PhD students and academics. The book can be used for both teaching and research. The secondary audiences are practitioners in industry, business, commerce, government and consortiums, alliances and partnerships to learn how to introduce and efficiently make use of the techniques for mining of data with complex structures into their applications. The scope of the book is both theoretical and practical and as such it will reach a broad market both within academia and industry. In addition, its subject matter is a rapidly emerging field that is critical for efficient analysis of knowledge stored in various domains."

Distributed robotics is a rapidly growing and maturing interdisciplinary research area lying at the intersection of computer science, network science, control theory, and electrical and mechanical engineering. The goal of the Symposium on Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems (DARS) is to exchange and stimulate research ideas to realize advanced distributed robotic systems. This volume of proceedings includes 31 original contributions presented at the 2012 International Symposium on Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems (DARS 2012) held in November 2012 at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD USA. The selected papers in this volume are authored by leading researchers from Asia, Europa, and the Americas, thereby providing a broad coverage and perspective of the state-of-the-art technologies, algorithms, system architectures, and applications in distributed robotic systems. The book is organized into five parts, representative of critical long-term and emerging research thrusts in the multi-robot community: Coordination for Perception, Coverage, and Tracking; Task Allocation and Coordination Strategies; Modular Robots and Novel Mechanisms and Sensors; Formation Control and Planning for Robot Teams; and Learning, Adaptation, and Cognition for Robot Teams.

Many techniques have been developed to control the variety of dynamic systems. To develop those control techniques, it is fundamental to know the mathematical relations between the system inputs and outputs. Incorporating Nature-Inspired Paradigms in Computational Applications is a critical scholarly resource that examines the application of nature-inspired paradigms on system identification. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as biogeographic computation, evolutionary control systems, and natural computing, this book is geared towards IT professionals, engineers, computer scientists, academicians, researchers, and graduate-level students seeking current research on the application of nature-inspired paradigms.

The nature of distributed computation in complex systems has often been described in terms of memory, communication and processing. This thesis presents a complete information-theoretic framework to quantify these operations on information (i.e. information storage, transfer and modification), and in particular their dynamics in space and time. The framework is applied to cellular automata, and delivers important insights into the fundamental nature of distributed computation and the dynamics of complex systems (e.g. that gliders are dominant information transfer agents). Applications to several important network models, including random Boolean networks, suggest that the capability for information storage and coherent transfer are maximised near the critical regime in certain order-chaos phase transitions. Further applications to study and design information structure in the contexts of computational neuroscience and guided self-organisation underline the practical utility of the techniques presented here.

Computing increasingly happens "somewhere," with that geographic location important to the computational process itself. Many new and evolving spatial technologies, such as geosensor networks and smartphones, embody this trend. Conventional approaches to spatial computing are centralized, and do not account for the inherently decentralized nature of "computing somewhere": the limited, local knowledge of individual system components, and the interaction between those components at different locations. On the other hand, despite being an established topic in distributed systems, decentralized computing is not concerned with geographical constraints to the generation and movement of information. In this context, of (centralized) spatial computing and decentralized (non-spatial) computing, the key question becomes: "What makes decentralized spatial computing special?"
In Part I of the book the author covers the foundational concepts, structures, and design techniques for decentralized computing with spatial and spatiotemporal information. In Part II he applies those concepts and techniques to the development of algorithms for decentralized spatial computing, stepping through a suite of increasingly sophisticated algorithms: from algorithms with minimal spatial information about their neighborhoods; to algorithms with access to more detailed spatial information, such as direction, distance, or coordinate location; to truly spatiotemporal algorithms that monitor environments that are dynamic, even using networks that are mobile or volatile. Finally, in Part III the author shows how decentralized spatial and spatiotemporal algorithms designed using the techniques explored in Part II can be simulated and tested. In particular, he investigates empirically the important properties of a decentralized spatial algorithm: its computational efficiency and its robustness to unavoidable uncertainty. Part III concludes with a survey of the opportunities for connecting decentralized spatial computing to ongoing research and emerging hot topics in related fields, such as biologically inspired computing, geovisualization, and stream computing.
The book is written for students and researchers of computer science and geographic information science. Throughout the book the author's style is characterized by a focus on the broader message, explaining the process of decentralized spatial algorithm design rather than the technical details. Each chapter ends with review questions designed to test the reader's understanding of the material and to point to further work or research. The book includes short appendices on discrete mathematics and SQL. Simulation models written in NetLogo and associated source code for all the algorithms presented in the book can be found on the author's accompanying website.

This book is an up-to-date self-contained compendium of the research carried out by the authors on model-based diagnosis of a class of discrete-event systems called active systems. After defining the diagnosis problem, the book copes with a variety of reasoning mechanisms that generate the diagnosis, possibly within a monitoring setting. The book is structured into twelve chapters, each of which has its own introduction and concludes with bibliographic notes and itemized summaries. Concepts and techniques are presented with the help of numerous examples, figures, and tables, and when appropriate these concepts are formalized into propositions and theorems, while detailed algorithms are expressed in pseudocode. This work is primarily intended for researchers, professionals, and graduate students in the fields of artificial intelligence and control theory.

This book provides basic theories and implementations using SCILAB open-source software for digital images. The book simplifies image processing theories and well as implementation of image processing algorithms, making it accessible to those with basic knowledge of image processing. This book includes many SCILAB programs at the end of each theory, which help in understanding concepts. The book includes more than sixty SCILAB programs of the image processing theory. In the appendix, readers will find a deeper glimpse into the research areas in the image processing.

Humans interact with the world through perception, reason about what they see with their front part of their brains, and save what they experience in memory. They also, however, have limitations in their sight, hearing, working memory, and reasoning processes. Cognitively Informed Intelligent Interfaces: Systems Design and Development analyzes well-grounded findings and recent insights on human perception and cognitive abilities and how these findings can and should impact the development and design of applications through the use of intelligent interfaces. Many software and systems developers currently address these cognitive issues haphazardly, and this reference will bring together clear and concise information to inform and assist all professionals interested in intelligent interfaces from designers to end users.

Information technology is the enabling foundation for all of human activity at the beginning of the 21st century, and advances in this area are crucial to all of us. These advances are taking place all over the world and can only be followed and perceived when researchers from all over the world assemble, and exchange their ideas in conferences such as the one presented in this proceedings volume regarding the 26th International Symposium on Computer and Information Systems, held at the Royal Society in London on 26th to 28th September 2011. Computer and Information Sciences II contains novel advances in the state of the art covering applied research in electrical and computer engineering and computer science, across the broad area of information technology. It provides access to the main innovative activities in research across the world, and points to the results obtained recently by some of the most active teams in both Europe and Asia.

This book explores the theoretical foundations of co-utility as well as its application to a number of areas, including distributed reputation management, anonymous keyword search, collaborative data anonymization, digital oblivion, peer-to-peer (P2P) content distribution, ridesharing for sustainable mobility, environmental economy, business model design and the collaborative economy. It evolved from presentations at the 1st Co-Utility Workshop, "held in Tarragona, Spain, on March 10-11, 2016." How can we guarantee that a global society without a common legal framework operates smoothly? If generosity, honesty and helpfulness do not arise spontaneously, one approach would be to design transactions so that helping others remains the best rational option. This is precisely the goal of co-utility, which can be defined in game-theoretic terms as any interaction between peers in which the best option for a player to maximize her or his utility is to make sure the other players also enjoy a fair share of utility (for example, functionality, security or privacy). Therefore, a protocol or mechanism designed using the co-utility principle ensures that helping others is the best rational option, even if players are selfish.

In the last ten years, a true explosion of investigations into fuzzy modeling and its applications in control, diagnostics, decision making, optimization, pattern recognition, robotics, etc. has been observed. The attraction of fuzzy modeling results from its intelligibility and the high effectiveness of the models obtained. Owing to this the modeling can be applied for the solution of problems which could not be solved till now with any known conventional methods. The book provides the reader with an advanced introduction to the problems of fuzzy modeling and to one of its most important applications: fuzzy control. It is based on the latest and most significant knowledge of the subject and can be used not only by control specialists but also by specialists working in any field requiring plant modeling, process modeling, and systems modeling, e.g. economics, business, medicine, agriculture,and meteorology.

Augmented Materials and Smart Objects investigates the issues required to ensure technology platforms capable of being seamlessly integrated into everyday objects. In particular, it deals with the requirements for integrated computation and MEMs sensors, system-in-a-package solutions, and multi-chip modules. On top of this, the publication 's 500 pages cover the impact of the trend towards embedded microelectronic electronics sub-systems, novel assembly techniques for autonomous MEMs sensors, and practical performance issues that are key to the AmI concept.

This book presents new approaches that advance research in all aspects of agent-based models, technologies, simulations and implementations for data intensive applications. The nine chapters contain a review of recent cross-disciplinary approaches in cloud environments and multi-agent systems, and important formulations of data intensive problems in distributed computational environments together with the presentation of new agent-based tools to handle those problems and Big Data in general. This volume can serve as a reference for students, researchers and industry practitioners working in or interested in joining interdisciplinary work in the areas of data intensive computing and Big Data systems using emergent large-scale distributed computing paradigms. It will also allow newcomers to grasp key concepts and potential solutions on advanced topics of theory, models, technologies, system architectures and implementation of applications in Multi-Agent systems and data intensive computing.

This book is probably best summarized as providing a principled foundation for Learning Classi?er Systems. Something is happening in LCS, and particularly XCS and its variants that clearly often produces good results. Jan Drug- itsch wishes to understand this from a broader machine learning perspective and thereby perhaps to improve the systems. His approach centers on choosing a statistical de?nition - derived from machine learning - of "a good set of cl- si?ers," based on a model according to which such a set represents the data. For an illustration of this approach, he designs the model to be close to XCS, and tests it by evolving a set of classi?ers using that de?nition as a ?tness criterion, seeing ifthe setprovidesa goodsolutionto twodi?erent function approximation problems. It appears to, meaning that in some sense his de?nition of "good set of classi?ers" (also, in his terms, a good model structure) captures the essence, in machine learning terms, of what XCS is doing. In the process of designing the model, the author describes its components and their training in clear detail and links it to currently used LCS, giving rise to recommendations for how those LCS can directly gain from the design of the model and its probabilistic formulation. The seeming complexity of evaluating the quality ofa set ofclassi?ersis alleviatedby giving analgorithmicdescription of how to do it, which is carried out via a simple Pittsburgh-style LCS.

This book describes the application of a high-level technology to solve problems in distributed systems that have networked structures with millions to billions of nodes. The main difference from other works is that the approach is based on holistically and simultaneously analysing these systems using a spatial pattern-matching mode, which produces solutions hundreds of times faster than usual. The latest version of the technology is described, together with implementation details and basic Spatial Grasp Language. In addition, the book highlights numerous solutions, covering graph and network problems, their use in large social, industrial, and business ecosystems, social robotics and driverless transport, and the possibility of extrapolating from known gestalt laws on distributed systems, which could potentially be applied in civil and defence contexts. The book is intended for system scientists, business and industry managers, economists, application programmers, security and defence personnel, as well as university students.

This book surveys the well-known results and also presents a series of original results on the mathematical modeling of social networks, focusing on models of informational influence, control and confrontation. Online social networks are intended for communication, opinion exchange and information acquisition for their members, but recently, online social networks have been intensively used as the objects and means of informational control and an arena of informational confrontation. They have become a powerful informational influence tool, particularly for the manipulation of individuals, social groups and society as a whole, as well as a battlefield of information warfare (cyberwars). This book aimed at under- and postgraduate university students as well as experts in information technology and modeling of social systems and processes.

This volume is a brief, yet comprehensive account of new development, tools, techniques and solutions in the broadly perceived "intelligent systems". New concepts and ideas concern the development of effective and efficient models which would make it possible to effectively and efficiently describe and solve processes in various areas of science and technology. Special emphasis is on the dealing with uncertainty and imprecision that permeates virtually all real world processes and phenomena, and has to properly be modeled by formal and algorithmic tools and techniques so that they be adequate and useful. The papers in this volume concern a wide array of possible techniques exemplified by, on the one hand, logic, probabilistic, fuzzy, intuitionistic fuzzy, neuro-fuzzy, etc. approaches. On the other hand, they represent the use of such systems modeling tools as generalized nets, optimization and control models, systems analytic models, etc. They concerns a variety of approaches, from pattern recognition, image analysis, education system modeling, biological and medical systems modeling, etc.

This volume contains selected papers from the 10th Interdisciplinary Workshop in Informatics and Psychology which had as its theme Cognitive Aspects in Visual Languages and Interfaces. Visual languages in general, visual programming languages in particular, and graphical or visual user interfaces are increasingly regarded as important improvements for the interaction between people and artifacts. Visual and graphical user interfaces have already a history of a number of years in terms of research and development. The focus on visual languages and visual programming languages, however, is more recent. The development of graphical user interfaces was accompanied and reinforced by psychological research but visual languages are still mainly inventions of designers and not designed on the basis of principles derived also from knowledge of psychology or other behavioral sciences.

The presentations and discussions at the workshop showed increasing interest in paradigms of visual languages and their psychological foundation. Visual languages and interfaces must be seen as means to support and enhance represention, application and processing knowledge visually. The study of the cognitive aspects in visual languages and interfaces is thus an important part of Human-Computer Interaction as a discipline "concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computer systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them" (definition of HCI in the ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction). This book will stimulate future research in the area of Human-Computer Interaction and Visual Languages.

Any reader will easily learn several courses worth of artificial intelligence and psychology, as they are introduced to the concepts building up to the most modern view of the human mind and the technology used to develop it. This book is extremely educational and fun to read, and packed with knowledge that can be put to practical use when interacting with people

"Creative Environments" is a follow-up on the book Creative Space in the same series and by the same authors, serving this time as editors of a broader book on computational intelligence and knowledge engineering tools for supporting knowledge creation. This book contains four parts. The first part presents a further development of models of knowledge creation presented already in Creative Space, in particular the Triple Helix of normal academic knowledge creation and a new, integrated model of normal academic and organizational knowledge creation, called Nanatsudaki (seven waterfalls) Model. The second part presents computational intelligence tools for knowledge acquisition by machine learning and data mining, for debating, brainstorming, for roadmapping and for integrated support of academic creativity. The third part presents the use of statistics for creativity support, virtual laboratories, gaming and role playing for creativity support, methods of knowledge representation and multiple criteria aggregation, distance and electronic learning. The last part addresses knowledge management and philosophical issues and contains chapters: on management of technology and knowledge management for academic R and D; on knowledge management and creative holism or systems thinking in the knowledge age; on technology and change or the role of technology in knowledge civilisation; on the emergence of complex concepts in science; and the final chapter on summary and conclusions, including a proposal of an integrated episteme of constructive evolutionary objectivism, necessary for the knowledge civilization age.

This book presents the combined proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (MUE 2018) and the 13th International Conference on Future Information Technology (Future Tech 2018), both held in Salerno, Italy, April 23 - 25, 2018. The aim of these two meetings was to promote discussion and interaction among academics, researchers and professionals in the field of ubiquitous computing technologies. These proceedings reflect the state of the art in the development of computational methods, involving theory, algorithms, numerical simulation, error and uncertainty analysis and novel applications of new processing techniques in engineering, science, and other disciplines related to ubiquitous computing.