The notion of a lifestyle system leading to zero waste is obviously appealing, and a strategy of total reuse and recycling of: waste material is often advocated. However, there is a growing realization that the recycling process itself produces waste, and the environmental and economic cost of recycling and reusing certain materials invalidates the zero waste approach as a universally viable solution. Thus, solutions must be found to deal with the part of waste that it is not practicable to recycle or reuse. The energy content of municipal waste (whether raw or classified) is about 10MJ kg-1. If the total amount of waste material in any region is around 30 million tons per year or about 1000 kg/ s, the total energy is thus 10,000MJ /s = 10,000 MW. At an electricity generation efficiency of 20%, this could provide 2000 MW plus about 6000MWof district heating. This energy source is largely biomass, which is carbon dioxide neutral, and thus does not contribute to the total atmospheric greenhouse gases. The present work includes many aspects of municipal solid waste combustion, such as the effects of moisture, particle size and ash content effects on solid particle during process rates (moisture evaporation, volatile release, and char burning rate). The COMMENT code has developed to reveal much detailed information on the combustion processes. Through experimental and numerical investigations, the combustion process of simulated MSW in bed can be better understood and the experiment results can be used to amend the mathematics model and be consulted by the application in the project. The results from modeling can show the combustion process, and make us deeply know how the heat transfers in the fuel and gas yields from fuel. At the same time, the simulation can predict the maximum temperature of waste incineration and the trend concerning combustion.

This book provides an overview of biodegradation. The first chapter provides a detailed description on the ability of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M to act as a biological tool to remediate phenol, chlorinated compounds, nitrile, oil spillage and cyanide which selection was primarily based on their large-scale presence in industrial wastewater. Chapter Two presents advances made in recent decades on the understanding of the metabolic capabilities of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) from marine and other types of sediment (i.e., freshwater, estuarine) for the biotransformation of carbon compounds and sulfate that are present as pollutants in several types of waters and soils. Chapter Three concentrates on the different parameters that influence biodegradation speed and energy release potential. Chapter Four reports and discusses several examples on biodegradation with bacteria and fungi of organochlorides, organophosphates, and more recently of pyrethroid pesticides. Chapter Five discusses heavy metals as biodegradation inhibitors of the forest litter in contaminated areas. Chapter Six introduces ecologically feasible ways of treating environments contaminated by BTEX (a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) based on efficient microbial metabolism.

A sustainable feedstock supply is one of the primordial issues for the transition towards the bio-based economy. Therefore, the resource base needs to be identified from the perspective of supply and demand. The exploitable biomass is of a highly heterogeneous origin, either derived from specially grown crops or from crop residues of food and feed production, forestry residues and marine flora. Municipal waste, manure and animal products and industrial wastes also need to be considered as potential resources for bio-based products and services. In this regard, enzymes are known to play a pivotal role not only at the stage of production of these value-added products, but also as an important component of value-added products from different alternative biomasses. Therefore, enzymes become an important factor as value-added products and for value-added products. The use of enzymes holds great potential value for industries in many sectors, including energy, organic chemicals, polymers, fabrics and healthcare products. In general, an enzyme based bio-economy offers many benefits and opportunities. For completed book description, please visit our link below.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Implement successful solid waste analysis and minimization strategies Provide sustainable solutions to solid waste issues with help from this hands-on guide. Solid Waste Analysis and Minimization: A Systems Approach offers up-to-date technical details on current and potential solid waste minimization practices. This authoritative resource presents a framework for the proper application of solid waste analysis tools, and demonstrates the benefits in terms of environmental impact, process efficiencies, and financial enhancement. Twenty-one real-world case studies covering all industries, from manufacturing to service facilities, are included. Solid Waste Analysis and Minimization: A Systems Approach covers: U.S. and international waste generation rates Industrial ecology, solid waste exchanges, and recycling Environmental, economic, corporate image, personal, and social benefits of solid waste management and minimization Solid waste assessment strategies and launch plans The Six Sigma systems approach for deployment Metrics and performance measurement for solid waste management Documentation and development of the deployment plan Implementation and execution of the solid waste minimization plan Communicating and leveraging success Solid waste modeling, research, and data collection Characterization by business activities Estimation, prediction, and evaluation

Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, aesthetics or amenity. Waste management is also carried out to reduce the materials' effect on the environment and to recover resources from them. Waste management can involve solid, liquid or gaseous substances, with different methods and fields of expertise for each. Waste management practices differ for developed and developing nations, for urban and rural areas, and for residential and industrial, producers. Management for non-hazardous residential and institutional waste in metropolitan areas is usually the responsibility of local government authorities, while management for non-hazardous commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the generator. This book concentrates on the newest research in the field.

This book adopts a "show and tell" approach to guiding readers in the area of industrial wastewater treatment and the facilities associated with such treatment. It assumes the reader is familiar with wastewater treatment theory but may be unfamiliar with the reasons why certain unit processes or equipment are included in practice, how these work, and why they fail therein. Industrial wastewaters are extremely varied and this complicates their treatment and discussion. Numerous tables showing industrial wastewater characteristics and photographs of facilities are provided so that the reader can better appreciate industrial wastewater treatment and its "culture" in Asia, and gain a degree of familiarity with the subject unachievable if only text descriptions were used. The book aims to provide a link between theory and practice. It does not only cover typical textbook material but also includes much information that would usually be accessible only to persons who have handled wastewaters and treatment facilities personally. The numerous examples provided have been drawn from the author's own field experience over two decades in Asia.

In a world where waste incinerators are not an option and landfills are at over capacity, cities are hard pressed to find a solution to the problem of what to do with their solid waste. Handbook of Solid Waste Management, 2/e offers a solution. This handbook offers an integrated approach to the planning, design, and management of economical and environmentally responsible solid waste disposal system.

Let twenty industry and government experts provide you with the tools to design a solid waste management system capable of disposing of waste in a cost-efficient and environmentally responsible manner. Focusing on the six primary functions of an integrated system--source reduction, toxicity reduction, recycling and reuse, composting, waste- to-energy combustion, and landfilling--they explore each technology and examine its problems, costs, and legal and social ramifications.

Based on the International Workshop on Controlled Life-Cycle of Polymeric Materials held in Stockholm, this work examines degradable polymers and the recycling of plastic materials. It highlights recent results on recycling and waste management, including topics such as renewable resources, degradation, processing and products, and environmental issues.

The large quantity of waste generated from agricultural and food production remains a great challenge and an opportunity for the food industry. As there are numerous risks associated with waste for humans, animals and the environment, billions of dollars are spent on the treatment of agricultural and food waste. Therefore, the utilisation of bioactive compounds isolated from waste not only could reduce the risks and the costs for treatment of waste, but also could potentially add more value for agricultural and food production. This book provides comprehensive information related to extraction and isolation of bioactive compounds from agricultural and food production waste for utilisation in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The topics range from an overview on challenges and opportunities related to agricultural and food waste, the bioactive compounds in the waste, the techniques used to analyse, extract and isolate these compounds to several specific examples for potential utilisation of waste from agricultural and food industry. This book also further discusses the potential of bioactives isolated from agricultural and food waste being re-utilised in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. It is intended for students, academics, researchers and professionals who are interested in or associated with agricultural and food waste.

"Solid Waste Recycling and Processing, Second Edition," provides best-practice guidance to solid waste managers and recycling coordinators. The book covers all aspects of solid waste processing, volume reduction, and recycling, encompassing typical recyclable materials (paper, plastics, cans, and organics), construction and demolition debris, electronics, and more. It includes techniques, technologies, and programs to help maximize customer participation rates and revenues, as well as to minimize operating costs. The book is packed with lessons learned by the author during the implementation of the most successful programs worldwide, and includes numerous case studies showing how different systems work in different settings.

This book also takes on industry debates such as the merits of curbside-sort versus single-stream recycling and the use of advanced technology in materials recovery facilities. It provides key facts and figures, and brief summaries of legislation in the United States, Europe, and Asia. An extensive glossary demystifies the terminology and acronyms used in different sectors and geographies. The author also explains emerging concepts in recycling such as zero waste, sustainability, LEED certification, and pay-as-you-throw, and places waste management and recycling in wider economic, environmental (sustainability), political, and societal contexts.
Covers single- and mixed-waste streamsEvaluates the technologies and tradeoffs of recycling of materials vs. integrated solutions, including combustion and other transformational optionsCovers recycling as part of the bigger picture of solid waste management, processing and disposal

Papers on mine and mill tailings and mine waste, as well as current and future issues facing the mining end environmental communities, are included and discussed in this text. The subjects covered relate to technical capabilities and developments, regulations, and environmental concerns.

In response to growing concern about the impact of environment on our lives, this unique book identifies the problems and opportunities of converting waste into useful material or fuel. Written by distinguished experts in this emerging field, cutting-edge research is provided on such issues as: waste utilization and recycling; plastics, polymers, tires, and automotive wastes; biosolids, biomass, and municipal solid wastes; and potential usage of coal conversion by-products. Information is also available on selected conversion processes, as well as the characterization, mitigation, and the use of by-product streams.

A text for a graduate or upper-level undergraduate course, and a reference for practicing cost, pollution, and environmental engineers. Explains methods for dealing with issues of hazardous waste such as cost growth, static and dynamic baseline development, contingency estimating, risk and uncertain

Guidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design is a comprehensive, practical guide to the investigation, design, operation and monitoring of mine waste dumps, dragline spoils and major stockpiles associated with large open pit mines. These facilities are some of the largest man-made structures on Earth, and while most have performed very well, there are cases where instabilities have occurred with severe consequences, including loss of life and extensive environmental and economic damage. Developed and written by industry experts with extensive knowledge and experience, this book is an initiative of the Large Open Pit (LOP) Project. It comprises 16 chapters that follow the life cycle of a mine waste dump, dragline spoil or stockpile from site selection to closure and reclamation. It describes the investigation and design process, introduces a comprehensive stability rating and hazard classification system, provides guidance on acceptability criteria, and sets out the key elements of stability and runout analysis. Chapters on site and material characterisation, surface water and groundwater characterisation and management, risk assessment, operations and monitoring, management of ARD, emerging technologies and closure are included. A chapter is also dedicated to the analysis and design of dragline spoils. Guidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design summarises the current state of practice and provides insight and guidance to mine operators, geotechnical engineers, mining engineers, hydrogeologists, geologists and other individuals that are responsible at the mine site level for ensuring the stability and performance of these structures.

This book will present the theory involved in wastewater treatment processes, define the important design parameters involved, and provide typical values of these parameters for ready reference; and also provide numerical applications and step-by-step calculation procedures in solved examples. These examples and solutions will help enhance the readers’ comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts, and can be applied by plant designers to design various components of the treatment facilities. It will also examine the actual calculation steps in numerical examples, focusing on practical application of theory and principles into process and water treatment facility design.