This brief gives a summary of the soluble bio-based substances (SBO) field. Urban bio-wastes of differing compositions and ageing conditions represent a promising source of soluble bio-based substances (SBO), potentially able to perform as chemical auxiliaries for applications in the chemical industry and in environmental remediation. In particular, SBO process development, characterization and scale-up is described and bioassay studies discussed. This brief also discusses the use of SBOs in wastewater treatment in the context of 'green' processes, their role as humic-like substances, and their potential use as photocatalysts for the degradation of pollutants present in aqueous solutions (dyes, pharmaceuticals, chlorophenols). Furthermore, the role of SBOs as complexing agents for iron ions in the implementation of the photo-Fenton processes under mild pH conditions is also explored. Finally, SBOs are showcased in their capacity as organic component alternatives to petrochemical products for the synthesis of new materials.

This brief summarizes the role of certain catalysts and associated processes that are involved in the reduction or elimination of hazardous substances from wastewater and the exploitation of renewable raw materials. The authors begin by providing a summary of the most recent developments in catalysts used in the advanced oxidation of organic pollutants in aqueous phase. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPS) are described in terms of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Some emphasis is placed on the role nanocatalysts, perovskite-type catalysts, and green catalysts play in several AOPs such as Fenton Chemistry, photocatalytic oxidation, and the hybrid technologies that combine different processes. Catalyst preparation, characterization, reaction chemistry, and process technology are described. Specific wastewater case studies which illustrate the role of these catalysts in AOPs completes the brief.

This book is the first comprehensive book in the world on co-processing of wastes as Alternative Fuels and Raw materials (AFRs) in cement kilns. It discusses how AFR from wastes can play an important role in contributing toward reducing the use of fossil fuel and costs while conserving natural resources, lowering global CO2 emissions, and reducing the need for landfills. The use of AFR in resource and energy-intensive industries is called co-processing, which is discussed in detail highlighting both advantages and disadvantages. Co-processing in cement kilns is a technology that is practiced globally on a large scale for environmentally sound and ecologically sustaining management of wastes from agricultural, industrial, and municipal sources. Considerable amount of scientific and technological advancements has been put in place while developing and implementing this technology at the cement plant operational scales. This technology is in practice for about 40 years or so and has been recommended by Basel Convention for the sustainable management of hazardous wastes and by the Stockholm Convention for the sustainable management of POPs. This technology has now been included in the waste management rules notified by the Ministry of the Government of India and has been provided as a preferred option for the management of wastes over the conventional options of incineration and landfill. The book addresses how co-processing promotes mitigation of the climate change impacts and also conservation of the natural capital in addition to building a circular economy on a large scale. Even though this technology has received required attention and inclusion in the policy framework of many governments, its understanding and awareness with the stakeholders belonging to the academic and other relevant sections are vastly missing. The book will enhance the knowledge of co-processing technology among stakeholders involved in the implementation of the policy framework, design and engineering of the waste processing facilities to suit the co-processing operation, their operation and management, environmental consideration in implementing co-processing, operation and management of the cement plant, quality control, etc. In addition, the book will be useful for students and researchers working in this domain.

Uganda's capital, Kampala, is undergoing dramatic urban transformations as its new technocratic government seeks to clean and green the city. Waste Worlds tracks the dynamics of development and disposability unfolding amid struggles over who and what belong in the new Kampala. Garbage materializes these struggles. In the densely inhabited social infrastructures in and around the city's waste streams, people, places, and things become disposable but conditions of disposability are also challenged and undone. Drawing on years of ethnographic research, Jacob Doherty illustrates how waste makes worlds, offering the key intervention that disposability is best understood not existentially, as a condition of social exclusion, but infrastructurally, as a form of injurious social inclusion.

Adventures in Managing Water: Real-World Engineering Experiences is a collection of essays that present the challenges of providing adequate, reliable, affordable, and clean water supplies to communities around the world. These stories, shared by engineers and other water management professionals, express the trials, successes, lessons learned, and moments of enlightenment each professional faced while building institutions and creating water management policies in the United States and abroad. It will be of interest to students, engineers, planners, economists, and social scientists working in water management. |Adventures in Managing Water: Real-World Engineering Experiences is a collection of essays that present the challenges of providing adequate, reliable, affordable, and clean water supplies to communities around the world. These stories, shared by engineers and other water management professionals, express the trials, successes, lessons learned, and moments of enlightenment each professional faced while building institutions and creating water management policies in the United States and abroad. It will be of interest to students, engineers, planners, economists, and social scientists working in water management.Sponsored by the River Basin Planning, Policy, and Operations Technical Committee of the Planning and Management Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE Adventures in Managing Water: Real-World Engineering Experiences is a collection of essays that present the challenges of providing adequate, reliable, affordable, and clean water supplies to communities around the world. These stories, shared by engineers and other water management professionals, express the trials, successes, lessons learned, and moments of enlightenment each professional faced while building institutions and creating water management policies in the United States and abroad. These essays are a compilation of field experiences, which includes adventures faced when coping with droughts, floods, and pollution issues in Australia, China, Uzbekistan, and other countries. The challenges involved in establishing policies for Lake Baikal in Russia and the Great Lakes in North America, for example, demonstrate the similarities across international boundaries. Managing river flows and their allocations in the United States and abroad requires more than the physical laws of hydrology and hydraulics. This book provides invaluable insight into real-world experiences of water engineers and other water management professionals.  It will be of interest to students, engineers, planners, economists, and social scientists working in water management.

AWWA's most popular operator training aid, this study guide is specially designed to give water operators and students practice in answering questions that are similar in format and content to the questions that appear on state certification exams. Sample questions and answers for both water treatment and distribution systems are included. This study guide was developed by AWWA in cooperation with the Association of Boards of Certification (ABC), which certifies water and wastewater operators in most states. ABC certification is not only a way to protect public health and the environment, but also provides numerous career benefits to both employees and employers. If you were previously familiar with AWWA's Water Operator Certification Study Guide, Sixth Edition this replaces that book, with all-new questions and answers.

This book addresses waste generation problems from various sectors, including industries, agriculture, and household. It focuses on how modern biotechnological approaches could help manage waste in an eco-friendly manner and generate precious bioenergy. It discusses the inadequate waste management systems damaging the environment and its adverse impacts on climate change-related problems. This book covers all the essential information regarding various types of waste and their management. It is a comprehensive compilation for understanding the efficient generation of bioenergy. It is a relevant reading material (resource) for anyone who wishes to study waste management as Chemist, Biologist, Biotechnologist, Industrialist, Ecologist, Microbiologist, Economist, and all disciplines related to the environment.

Sponsored by the Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Engineering Committee of the Environmental Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE. Sustainable Solid Waste Management describes basic principles and recent advances for handling solid waste in an environmentally sustainable way. Solid waste poses problems of quantity-the sheer amount is increasing around the world-but also of environmental impact, especially with the introduction of materials harmful to ecosystems. This volume uses a global lens to examine all aspects of the solid waste, including waste minimization, waste as a resource, appropriate disposal, and efficient systems fostered by effective public policy. Written by leading experts, the 22 chapters analyze the critical issues to be considered during the various stages of a waste management program. Topics include: public policies focusing on reducing waste at its source, recycling, and minimizing disposal amounts technologies for treating and recycling solid waste safe, efficient treatment and disposal of hazardous and other special wastes development and maintenance of engineered landfills and landfill mining legal frameworks and the use of life-cycle assessment as a tool for the waste management industry. Municipal engineers, environmental managers, researchers, students, policy makers, and planners will find this book to be an essential guide to social and technological issues related to sustainable solid waste management.

This book presents an overview of the technology that allows millions and millions of tons of municipal solid waste generated globally to be perceived as an asset which, after materials recovery for recycling, can be used to generate clean power, transport fuels that can substitute fossil fuels, and value-based chemicals with minimal environmental impact. It also explains how hazardous wastes and sewage sludge can be treated and disposed of without affecting human and environmental health. It does so by providing a full discussion of established thermal conversion technologies generating heat, electricity, liquid fuels and useful chemicals from solid waste. Featuring case studies describing worldwide waste-to-energy plants in successful operation, it offers highly suited supporting material for an introductory course on waste thermal conversion processes.

Bioremediation and Sustainability is an up-to-date and comprehensive treatment of research and applications for some of the most important low-cost, "green," emerging technologies in chemical and environmental engineering.

Now, every water treatment operator can identify and correct treatment deficiencies to maintain the desired water quality. Water Treatment Process Monitoring & Evaluation shows how.A basic part of the water treatment plant operator's job is to identify process problems, evaluate the causes, and develop effective solutions. This handbook will help you accomplish these essential duties.This book provides operators with the information needed to troubleshoot treatment problems, evaluate operational variations (such as the changes in treatment efficiency due to changes in the raw water), and make corresponding water chemistry or other process changes to maintain the desired water quality. Additionally, Water Treatment Process Monitoring & Evaluation covers fundamentals that all operators should know, including process design, computerized and manual controls, chemical feeders, monitoring instruments, response and detention times, and record keeping.Case histories, plentiful graphic illustrations, and a rich assortment of appendix material augment the text.

Despite significant improvements in pollution abatement and environmental remediation over the past several decades, billions of people around the world continue to live in unsafe and unhealthy physical environments with great risks to their health. Environmental issues concerning wastewater treatment in particular are quite considerable. The authors of this book take a deeper look at the contaminated soils and waters which pose major environmental, agricultural and human health problems world-wide. Alternatives for the sewage sludge final disposal from the wastewater treatment are also assessed from a life cycle assessment (LCA) point of view in order to identify the best environmental alternative. In addition, the generation of solid wastes constitutes a serious environmental problem, particularly in Cuba, where there is no waste selection system, so wastes from different origins are buried in landfills. This book explores recent research done on municipal solid waste (MSW), specifically based in Havana Cuba. Furthermore, as explained in this book, one of the possible alternatives for reducing the contaminant load from solid waste is that of reuse/recycle. A brief report on the development of electrodes (Carbon resin) from solid wastes is included in an attempt to encourage recycle and reduce environmental pollution through discarded batteries. Other chapters in this book report on an investigation conducted on iron doped carbon resin electrodes, municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Cameroon, effective and efficient litter management in nations with beaches, a report on medical wastes management in selected hospitals and environmentally safe methods to remediate mercury contaminated soils.

Public concern over the environmental and health risks posed by underground storage tank (UST) systems has given rise to myriad codes, standards, and regulations in recent years. In many states, UST owners, operators, contractors, and inspectors must prove that they understand how to apply a vast and growing body of technical and legal specifications to their work.

Technology of Underground Liquid Storage Tank Systems is based on John Hartmann's celebrated training course at the University of Wisconsin-Madison—the longest-running, most well-attended course of its kind. It was written for busy engineers, contractors, owner/operators, and inspectors who need to come up to speed on both the technology and the regulatory requirements involved in designing, installing, and closing USTs.

This complete, practical guide covers all the bases, from site assessment to damage control, regulatory compliance and legal considerations to project management. Drawing upon his 35 years of experience as a UST contractor and consultant, as well as the experience of several other leading experts in the field, Mr. Hartmann provides careful, step-by-step guidance and a gold mine of practical advice on how to avoid most technical and legal snags commonly encountered in building, maintaining, or removing USTs.

The effective removal of dyes from aqueous waste is an important issue for many industrialized countries. The traditional treatment methods used to remove dyes from wastewater have certain disadvantages such as incomplete dye removal, high reagent and energy requirements, and the generation of toxic sludge or other waste products that require disposal. The search for alternative and innovative treatment techniques has focused attention on the use of biological materials for dye removal and recovery technologies. This brief summarizes the latest developments in this important field.

Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial, Second Edition addresses the three main categories of wastes (hazardous, municipal, and "special" wastes) covered under federal regulation outlined in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), an established framework for managing the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of several forms of waste. Focusing on integrating the technical and regulatory complexities of waste management, this book covers the historical and regulatory development of waste management and the management of municipal solid wastes. It also addresses hazardous wastes and their management, from the perspectives of identification, transportation, and requirements for generators as well as the treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. Features: Covers the three main categories of wastes under regulation in the United States Incorporates an extensive set of problems, presented at the end of several chapters as appendices Includes numerous review/homework questions at the end of each chapter Highlights special categories of waste that may not fit precisely into either RCRA Subtitle D (Solid Wastes) or Subtitle C (Hazardous Wastes) In addition to the end-of-chapter problems provided in all chapters of this book, the text also contains practical exercises using data from field situations. Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial, Second Edition is an ideal textbook or reference guide for students and professionals involved in the management of all three categories of wastes.

This volume provides in-depth coverage of environmental pollution sources, waste characteristics, control technologies, management strategies, facility innovations, process alternatives, costs, case histories, effluent standards, and future trends in the process industries. It delineates methodologies, technologies, and the regional and global effects of important pollution control practices. The authors focus on new developments in innovative and alternative technologies, design criteria, effluent standards, managerial decision methodology, and regional and global environmental conservation specific to process industries.

The concept of a circular economy has been gaining increasing attention in recent years. Many of the sources of chemicals we have become reliant on are dwindling and the accumulation of waste products poses a serious environmental problem. By recovering resources from these waste materials, we can reduce our dependence on virgin feedstocks that may not be sustainable as well as reducing the quantity of material going to landfill sites. Incorporating different perspectives from a global authorship, this book aims to introduce systems thinking to the field of waste and resource management. The topics covered range from the use of biogeochemical processes in resource recovery to the application of engineered nanomaterials, with information relevant to both academia and industry. The broad range and cross-disciplinary nature of the topics in this book make it a valuable resource for those working in circular economy research, green chemistry and waste and resource management.

This book provides a balanced discussion about the wastewater generated by hydraulic fracturing operations, and how to manage it. It includes an in-depth discussion of the hydraulic fracturing process, the resulting water cycle, and the potential risks to groundwater, soil, and air. The "fracking" process involves numerous chemicals that could potentially harm human health and the environment, especially if they enter and contaminate drinking water supplies. Treatment, reuse, and disposal options are the focus, and several case studies will be presented. The book also discusses the issues of the large amounts of water required for drilling operations, the impacts on water-sensitive regions.

Dieses Handbuch besteht aus insgesamt sieben Einzelbanden, die folgende Themen behandeln: Geofernerkundung, Geophysik, Stromungs- und Transportmodellierung, Geophysik, Geotechnik Hydrogeologie, Tonmineralogie und Bodenphysik, Geochemie sowie Handlungsempfehlungen. Als Grundlage diente den 37 beteiligten Forschungseinrichtungen und Firmen die Analyse von 28 Einzelvorhaben. Dabei wurden an ausgewahlten Teststandorten neue und bereits erprobte Verfahren gegenubergestellt, um so eine Auswahl der effektivsten und kostengunstigsten Methodenkombinationen zu erhalten. Von der Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe berufene Wissenschaftler stellten aus den hierbei gewonnenen Erkenntnissen das vorliegende Werk, unter entsprechender Berucksichtigung der wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen und Hintergrundinformationen, zusammen."

Dieses Handbuch besteht aus insgesamt 7 Einzelbanden. Von der Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe berufene Wissenschaftler stellen aufgrund verschiedenster Methodenkombinationen, unter Berucksichtigung der wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen und Informationen, das Werk zusammen. Dieser Band befasst sich mit den geochemischen und chemisch-anlytischen Methoden, die bei der Erkundung des geologischen Untergrundes von Deponien und Altlasten zum Einsatz kommen koennen. Erlautert werden auch die Messprinzipien, die Anlage und Durchfuhrung der Feldarbeiten, die Bearbeitung und Interpretation der Messdaten, die Qualitatssicherung sowie der personelle, technische und zeitliche Aufwand. Beispiele veranschaulichen die Anwendungsmoeglichkeiten der Methoden und die Darstellung der Ergebnisse.

Dieser Band gibt einen UEberblick zu den Vorkommen und Lagerungsverhaltnissen eiszeitlich gebildeter, quartarer Gesteine und fasst schwerpunktmassig Untersuchungsergebnisse zu ihren chemisch-mineralogischen Barriereeigenschaften zusammen. Ausfuhrlich werden Informationen zum Aufbau, zur Zusammensetzung und zum Schadstoffruckhaltepotenzial des geologischen Untergrundes der Deponie Ihlenberg (NW-Mecklenburg) vorgestellt. Die Notwendigkeit von detaillierten Kenntnissen des physikalisch-chemischen Milieus in den Sedimenten fur die Analyse und Bewertung des Schadstoff-ruckhaltevermoegens geologischer Barrieren wird unterstrichen. Neben komprimierten Methoden-beschreibungen nehmen ausfuhrliche Interpretationen der Untersuchungsergebnisse und daraus abgeleitete Eignungskriterien sowie Handlungsempfehlungen fur die Durchfuhrung von Erkundungsarbeiten einen breiten Raum ein.

The advent of consumer societies in the United Kingdom and West Germany after 1945 led to the mass 'production' of garbage. This book compares the social, cultural and economic fallout of the growing volume and changing composition of waste in the two countries from 1945 to the present through sustained attention to changes in the business of handling household waste. Though the UK and Germany are similar in population density, degrees of urbanisation, and standardisation, the two countries took profoundly different paths from low-waste to throwaway societies, and more recently, towards the goal of 'zero-waste'. The authors explore evolving balances between public and private provision in waste services; the transformation of public cleansing into waste management; the role of government legislation and regulation; emerging conceptualisations of recycling and resource recovery; and the gradual shift of the industry's regulatory and business context from local to national and then to international.

Das Thema "Langfristig sichere Deponien" wurde bisher vorwiegend im Zusammenhang mit radioaktiven Abfallen diskutiert. Die Menge chemisch-toxischer Abfalle ist jedoch bis zu tausendmal grosser als die der radioaktiven Substanzen. Vor diesem Hintergrund behandelt das Buch die wissenschaftlich-technischen Moglichkeiten und Grenzen von Deponien fur alle Arten toxischer Abfalle. Danach sind langfristig sichere Deponien nur als Untertage-Deponien in der kontinentalen Erdkruste realisierbar. Ihre Sicherheit kann auf der Basis von Naturbeobachtungen verlasslich bewertet werden. Die Publikation wendet sich an alle mit nachhaltigen Entwicklungen befassten sowie umweltinteressierten Personengruppen. Zu den angesprochenen Fachdisziplinen gehoren vor allem die Geo- und Montanwissenschaften, Chemie, Physik, Mathematik, Biologie, Medizin, Medien- und Politikwissenschaften."

Die Autoren erlautern zunachst die mikrobiologischen und chemisch-physikalischen Grundlagen und gehen ausfuhrlich auf das Abbaupotential bei verschiedenen Schadstoffen ein. In der Folge wird die Sanierung kontaminierter Standorte anhand von Fallbeispielen Schritt fur Schritt durchgespielt. In diesem Zusammenhang werden u. a. auch Fragen zur Gefahrdungsabschatzung und Grenzwertproblematik, zu Emissions- und Arbeitsschutz sowie auch zu erforderlichen Tiefbaumassnahmen, Behandlungszeitraumen und Genehmigungsverfahren beantwortet. Ausserdem nehmen Wirtschaftlichkeitsvergleiche zu jeweils konkurrierenden Verfahren im Bereich der Boden- und Grundwasserreinigung (Kosten-Nutzen-Analysen) breiten Raum ein."