In recent years the news media have been awash in stories about increasingly close ties between college campuses and multimillion-dollar corporations. Our nation's universities, the story goes, reap enormous windfalls patenting products of scientific research that have been primarily funded by taxpayers. Meanwhile, hoping for new streams of revenue from their innovations, the same universities are allowing their research--and their very principles--to become compromised by quests for profit. But is that really the case? Is money really hopelessly corrupting science?
With "Science for Sale," acclaimed journalist Daniel S. Greenberg reveals that campus capitalism is more complicated--and less profitable--than media reports would suggest. While universities seek out corporate funding, news stories rarely note that those industry dollars are dwarfed by government support and other funds. Also, while many universities have set up technology transfer offices to pursue profits through patents, many of those offices have been financial busts. Meanwhile, science is showing signs of providing its own solutions, as highly publicized misdeeds in pursuit of profits have provoked promising countermeasures within the field.
But just because the threat is overhyped, Greenberg argues, doesn't mean that there's no danger. From research that has shifted overseas so corporations can avoid regulations to conflicts of interest in scientific publishing, the temptations of money will always be a threat, and they can only be countered through the vigilance of scientists, the press, and the public.
Based on extensive, candid interviews with scientists and administrators, "Science for Sale "will beindispensable to anyone who cares about the future of scientific research.

While the importance of innovation to economic development is widely understood, the conditions conducive to it remain the focus of much attention. This volume offers new contributions to fundamental questions relating to the economics of innovation and technological change. Central to the development of new technologies are institutional environments, and among the topics discussed are the roles played by universities and other nonprofit research institutions and the ways in which the allocation of funds between the public and private sectors affects innovation. Other essays examine the practice of open research and how the diffusion of information technology influences knowledge accumulation.

This volume deals with one of the key issues being debated and discussed today throughout the world economic competitiveness. The 20th century has brought with it startling technological breakthroughs along with a seemingly non-stop series of wars. Many world leaders in government, academia and business have (perhaps wishfully) the belief that in the next century, power and citizen well-being will be determined by the economic strength of each country and its ability to compete internationally.

A vision of the future where the latest Silicon Valley tech meets cutting-edge genetics. Decoding the World is a buddy adventure about the quest to live meaningfully in a world with such uncertainty. It starts with Po Bronson coming to IndieBio. Arvind Gupta created IndieBio as a laboratory for early biotech startups trying to solve major world problems. Glaciers melting. Dying bees. Infertility. Cancer. Ocean plastic. Pandemics. As they travel around the world, finding scientists to join their cause, the authors bring their first-hand experience to the great mysteries that haunt our future. Natural resource depletion. Job-taking robots. China's global influence. Decoding the World is the kind of book you get when you give two guys $40 million, a world full of messy big problems, a genetics laboratory to play in, and a set of Borges' collected works. After looking through their lens, you'll never see the world the same.

In a world of rapid and unpredictable change, the problem with strategic planning is that if you follow your plan through to the end, you will get exactly what you used to want. What you need is a framework for planning and implementing a strategy that is agile enough to adapt to a dynamic environment but focused enough to deliver. That framework is the Dynamic Balanced Scorecard. The original Balanced Scorecard system has proven the most popular, successful and enduring framework for strategy execution over the last 25 years. Comprising a Strategy Map and a scorecard of KPIs, targets and initiatives, the framework helped organizations distil a strategy into actionable components and measure progress towards a strategic vision, while also implementing and monitoring the actions that drove change. However, for all its success, the Balanced Scorecard system now needs to evolve for the digital age. Until now, building the system, rolling it out enterprise-wide and adapting it to external changes has been a lengthy process. While the fundamental principles of the system are still sound and relevant, it needs to become nimbler and more responsive. The book provides a step-by-step guide to agile strategy management: from formulation to implementation to learning and adapting. For each of the steps, the book explains how Dynamic Balanced Scorecards, fit for the digital age, are built and deployed.

A proposal for using cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of public investment in large scientific projects. Large particle accelerators, outer space probes, genomics platforms: all are scientific enterprises managed through the new form of the research infrastructure, in which communities of scientists collaborate across nations, universities, research institutions, and disciplines. Such large projects are often publicly funded, with no accepted way to measure the benefits to society of these investments. In this book, Massimo Florio suggests the use of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of public investment in large and costly scientific projects. The core concept of CBA of any infrastructure is to undertake the consistent intertemporal accounting of social welfare effects using the available information. Florio develops a simple framework for such accounting in the research infrastructure context and then offers a systematic analysis of the benefits in terms of the social agents involved. He measures the benefits to scientists, students, and postdoctoral researchers; the effect on firms of knowledge spillovers; the benefits to users of information technology and science-based innovation; the welfare effects on the general public of cultural services provided by RIs; and the willingness of taxpayers to fund scientific knowledge creation. Finally, Florio shows how these costs and benefits can be expressed in the form of stochastic net present value and other summary indicators.

Written for those less comfortable with science and mathematics, this text introduces the major chemical engineering topics for non-chemical engineers. With a focus on the practical rather than the theoretical, the reader will obtain a foundation in chemical engineering that can be applied directly to the workplace. By the end of this book, the user will be aware of the major considerations required to safely and efficiently design and operate a chemical processing facility. Simplified accounts of traditional chemical engineering topics are covered in the first two-thirds of the book, and include: materials and energy balances, heat and mass transport, fluid mechanics, reaction engineering, separation processes, process control and process equipment design. The latter part details modern topics, such as biochemical engineering and sustainable development, plus practical topics of safety and process economics, providing the reader with a complete guide. Case studies are included throughout, building a real-world connection. These case studies form a common thread throughout the book, motivating the reader and offering enhanced understanding. Further reading directs those wishing for a deeper appreciation of certain topics. This book is ideal for professionals working with chemical engineers, and decision makers in chemical engineering industries. It will also be suitable for chemical engineering courses where a simplified introductory text is desired.

New perspectives on digital scholarship that speak to today's computational realities Scholars across the humanities, social sciences, and information sciences are grappling with how best to study virtual environments, use computational tools in their research, and engage audiences with their results. Classic work in science and technology studies (STS) has played a central role in how these fields analyze digital technologies, but many of its key examples do not speak to today's computational realities. This groundbreaking collection brings together a world-class group of contributors to refresh the canon for contemporary digital scholarship. In twenty-five pioneering and incisive essays, this unique digital field guide offers innovative new approaches to digital scholarship, the design of digital tools and objects, and the deployment of critically grounded technologies for analysis and discovery. Contributors cover a broad range of topics, including software development, hackathons, digitized objects, diversity in the tech sector, and distributed scientific collaborations. They discuss methodological considerations of social networks and data analysis, design projects that can translate STS concepts into durable scientific work, and much more. Featuring a concise introduction by Janet Vertesi and David Ribes and accompanied by an interactive microsite, this book provides new perspectives on digital scholarship that will shape the agenda for tomorrow's generation of STS researchers and practitioners.

Researchers in the rapidly growing field of intelligence studies face unique and difficult challenges ranging from finding and accessing data on secret activities, to sorting through the politics of intelligence successes and failures, to making sense of complex socio-organizational or psychological phenomena. The contributing authors to Researching National Security Intelligence survey the state of the field and demonstrate how incorporating multiple disciplines helps to generate high-quality, policy-relevant research. Following this approach, the volume provides a conceptual, empirical, and methodological toolkit for scholars and students informed by many disciplines: history, political science, public administration, psychology, communications, and journalism. This collection of essays written by an international group of scholars and practitioners propels intelligence studies forward by demonstrating its growing depth, by suggesting new pathways to the creation of knowledge, and by identifying how scholarship can enhance practice and accountability.

This book covers the growing convergence between Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence for Big Data, Multi-Agent systems, the Internet of Things and 5G technologies. Using real case studies and project outcomes, it illustrates the intricate details of blockchain in these real-life scenarios. The contributions from this volume bring a state-of-the-art assessment of these rapidly evolving trends in a creative way and provide a key resource for all those involved in the study and practice of AI and Blockchain.

What sort of health system do we want to implement in the face of the imminent arrival of artificial intelligence and robotics in medical practices? The Covid-19 health crisis has demonstrated the importance of digital technologies in the care of patients and their families, as imperative attention was called to ethics and relational practice. This book analyzes numerous sources of feedback to reveal the multiple facets of this so-called Medicine 4.0. It reveals the extent to which digital medicine requires new forms of organization and new approaches to co-conception, in a logic that is resolutely collaborative with patients. The book concludes with legal and ethical points of view in order to challenge the reader on their duty to truly be an "actor" of their health care.

As featured on CNN's Amanpour & Company and BBC Radio 4's Start the Week with Andrew Marr One of the Financial Times' best books of 2021 In this extraordinary journey through twenty-six countries, Simon Mundy meets the people on the front lines of the climate crisis, showing how the struggle to respond is already reshaping the modern world - shattering communities, shaking up global business, and propelling a groundbreaking wave of cutting-edge innovation. HOW is China's green energy push driving a hazardous mining rush in Congo? WHY is a maverick scientist building a home for engineered mammoths in northeast Siberia? CAN an Israeli fake meat startup make a fortune while helping to save the Amazon? WILL Greenland's melting sea ice put its people at the centre of a global power struggle? WHO are the entrepreneurs chasing breakthroughs in fusion power, electric cars, and technology to suck carbon from the atmosphere? As the impacts of climate change cascade across the planet and the global economy, who is battling to survive the worst impacts - and who is chasing the most lucrative rewards? Telling unforgettable human stories from six continents, this is an account of disaster, of promise, of frantic adaptation and relentless innovation, of hope, of survival, and of the forces that will define our future. More praise 'Vivid and informed' ADAM NICOLSON 'I took a great sense of hope' RICHARD POWERS 'Reads like a thriller' MARK LYNAS 'An inspiring piece of work that deserves a broad audience' MICHAEL E. MANN 'Utterly unlike any book yet written in this field' ANAND MAHINDRA 'Gripping ... A must-read for every concerned global citizen' NANDAN NILEKANI

This volume is the proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention 2020 (IEEE ICKII 2020). The conference was organized by the IEEE Tainan Section Sensors Council (IEEE TSSC), the International Institute of Knowledge Innovation and Invention (IIKII), and the National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and held on August 21-23, 2020 in Kaohsiung.This volume of Knowledge Innovation on Design and Culture selected 95 excellent papers from the IEEE ICKII 2020 conference in the topics of Innovative Design and Cultural Research and Knowledge Innovation and Invention. This proceedings presents the research results based on the interdisciplinary collaboration of social sciences and engineering technologies by international networking in the academic and industrial fields.

Co-rotating twin-screw extruders are extensively used for the preparation, compounding, mixing, and processing of plastics, but also in other industry branches, such as in rubber and food processing, and increasingly in the pharmaceutical industry too. Derived from the classic bestselling work Co-Rotating Twin Screw Extruders, this book focuses on the application and machine technology of co-rotating twin-screw extrusion. It includes functional zones in the extruder, scale-up and scale-down, machine technology, and many application examples from a broad range of areas. Co-rotating twin-screw machines usually have modular configurations and are thus quite flexible for adapting to changing tasks and material properties. Well-founded knowledge of machines, processes, and material behavior is required in order to design and operate twin-screw extruders for economically successful operations. With chapters written by many expert authors from industry and academia, this book provides valuable information on applications from a practical perspective, suitable for both beginners and experienced professional engineers.

Science fiction is often presented as a source of utopia, or even of prophecies, used in capitalism to promote social, political and technoscientific innovations. Science Fiction and Innovation Design assesses the validity of this approach by exploring the impact this imaginary world has on the creativity of engineers and researchers. Companies seek to anticipate and predict the future through approaches such as design fiction: mobilizing representations of science fiction to create prototypes and develop scenarios relevant to organizational strategy. The conquest of Mars or the weapons of the future are examples developed by authors to demonstrate how design innovation involves continuous dialogue between multiple players, from the scientist to the manager, through to the designers and the science fiction writers.

How do scientists impact society in the twenty-first century? Many scientists are increasingly interested in the impact that their research will have on the public. Scientists likewise must answer the question above when applying for funding from government agencies, particularly as part of the 'Broader Impacts' criterion of proposals to the US National Science Foundation. This book equips scientists in all disciplines to do just that, by providing an overview of the origins, history, rationale, examples, and case studies of broader impacts, primarily drawn from the author's experiences over the past five decades. Beyond including theory and evidence, it serves as a 'how to' guide for best practices for scientists. Although this book primarily uses examples from the NSF, the themes and best practices are applicable to scientists and applications around the world where funding also requires impacts and activities that benefit society.

In India, the practice of jugaad-finding workarounds or hacks to solve problems-emerged out of subaltern strategies of negotiating poverty, discrimination, and violence but is now celebrated in management literature as a disruptive innovation. In Jugaad Time Amit S. Rai explores how jugaad operates within contemporary Indian digital media cultures through the use of the mobile phone. Rai shows that despite being co-opted by capitalism to extract free creative labor from the workforce, jugaad is simultaneously a practice of everyday resistance, as workers and communities employ hacks to oppose corporate, caste, and gender power. Locating the tensions surrounding jugaad-as both premodern and postdigital, innovative and oppressive-Rai maps how jugaad can be used to undermine neoliberal capitalist media ecologies and nationalist politics.