Using a corpus of data drawn from naturally-occurring second language conversations, this book explores the role of idiomaticity in English as a native language, and its comparative role in English as a lingua franca. Through examining how idiomaticity enables first language learners to achieve a greater degree of fluency, the book explores why idiomatic language poses such a challenge for users of English as a lingua franca. The book puts forward a new definition of competence and fluency within the context of English as a lingua franca, concluding with an analysis of practical implications for the lingua franca classroom.
This in-depth study of English language learning using corpus data will be of interest to researchers in applied linguistics and corpus linguistics and to teachers of English as an international lingua franca.

Contents: Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk/Katarzyna Dziwirek: Emergence of Cognitive Corpus Linguistics – Piotr Pęzik: Extraction of multiword expressions for corpus-based discourse analysis – Galina I. Kustova/Olga N. Lashevskaja/Elena V. Paducheva/Ekaterina V. Rakhilina: Verb Taxonomy: From theoretical lexical semantics to practice of corpus tagging – Karen Sullivan: Grammatical constructions in metaphoric language – Monika Kopytowska: Corpus linguistics and an eclectic approach to the study of news - the mechanism of framing – Hanna Pułaczewska: Syntactic reduplication as an ironically-driven pragmatic principle in the spoken language –

To teach phonics effectively to children learning to read, education professionals need a deep understanding of the nuances and complexities of the English language. That's why this highly influential classic is more important than ever. A book that shaped the work of the most respected and prominent literacy experts, The Roots of Phonics is finally back in print to enlighten a new generation of professionals-many of whom have not had phonics instruction themselves. Through this clear and concise history of how modern English phonics developed, readers will trace the evolution of familiar language concepts: the alphabet, syllables, vowels and consonants, spelling, pronunciation, punctuation marks, and more. As readers uncover the "big picture" of phonics and the forces that shaped it, they'll learn fascinating facts such as why our alphabet has 26 letters what sparked the phonics vs. whole language debate how Spanish, French, Dutch, Native American, and other languages influenced the development of American English what phonemes, graphemes, and morphemes are, and how they relate to each other how the invention of movable type affected writing and spelling why British spellings faded from American English how different pronunciations take hold in different regions of the country More than a history lesson, this landmark book strengthens readers' understanding of the English language and illuminates the longtime importance of phonics in education-critical insights they'll use as they help children learn to read. A must for the library of every education professional, SLP, and researcher who works to promote children's literacy.

"Set the Stage! "is a collection of essays on teaching Italian language, literature, and culture through theater. From theoretical background to course models, this book provides all the resources that teachers and students need to incorporate the rich and abundant Italian theater tradition into the curriculum. Features of the book include- the "Director's Handbook," a comprehensive guide with detailed instructions for every step of the process, from choosing a text to the final performance, - an exclusive interview with Nobel laureate Dario Fo, - a foreword by prize-winning author Dacia Maraini.

We live in a globalized and globalizing world that is marked by the twin processes of economic globalization and cultural globalization. In this thought-provoking book, Kumaravadivelu explores the impact of cultural globalization on second- and foreign-language education. Kumaravadivelu examines in detail how the cultural component of second- and foreign-language education has been informed by the Western notions of cultural assimilation, cultural pluralism, and cultural hybridity. Drawing insights from international and interdisciplinary sources, he argues that they have only a limited and limiting relevance to language education in the era of cultural globalization. Grounded in Western as well as non-Western perspectives, and written in an easily accessible style that combines personal narrative and academic genre, this book is indispensable for graduate students, practicing teachers, teacher educators, researchers, and others who are interested in exploring the complexity of cultural globalization and language education.

This book presents new research in the field of language acquisition and development. The contributors pay attention to first language development and other language acquisition (second, foreign and additional), and focus on issues directly relevant to both areas of investigation. One of the main aims of the book is to discover how research and practice in first language development can contribute to the teaching and learning of other languages, and vice versa. The book is distinctive in this area in its application of theoretical findings to the development of principles, objectives and procedures for language learning. This practical focus can also be seen in the open-minded approach taken to the interpretation of the evidence presented in the book. Rather than setting out to prove any particular hypothesis, the book aims to develop practical applications relating to the tendencies indicated by the research. Language Acquisition and Development will be of interest to postgraduates and academics researching language acquisition, language development and applied linguistics and to language teachers with an interest in language learning theory.

Formerly a publication of The Brain Store Make learning languages easier! Do you have learners in your classroom who speak English as a second language? Are you are a foreign language teacher? This essential resource links brain research-based teaching practices to language learning presents exciting new ways to encourage second language acquisition in students of all ages. Find hundreds of helpful brain research-based techniques for lesson planning and presentation to promote improved vocabulary retention, better understanding of grammar, and enhanced speaking and writing skills.

A comprehensive overview of the teaching of classics. The Teaching of Classics outlines how teaching of the subject has developed and arrived at its present situation and suggests strategies for the future. It addresses the teaching of the subject at primary, secondary and tertiary levels. The authors also communicate the sense of innovatory excitement that surrounds current initiative, celebrate the successes in the two major growth areas - primary and adult education - and confront the dangers that face the subject with clear-eyed realism.

This book takes a radically new look at communication, and in doing so presents a series of challenges to accepted views on language, on communication, on teaching and, above all, on learning. Drawing on extensive research in science classrooms, it presents a view of communication in which language is not necessarily communication - image, gesture, speech, writing, models, spatial and bodily codes. The action of students in learning is radically rethought: all participants in communication are seen as active transformers of the meaning resources around them, and this approach opens a new window on the process of learning. In demonstrating that communication always draws on a multiplicity of modes of representation, and of communication, the book constitutes a profound challenge to accepted views of language as the dominant, or perhaps only significant and rational means of representation. Instead, the book suggests that communication proceeds by many modes, of which language is one and not necessarily the dominant one, and it opens a whole new set of questions: if language is not the sole, or even the dominant mode, what are the roles of other modes and how are the

`Here is timely and extremely useful exposition and guidance on the management and procedure of language and literacy teaching. Practical advice is offered on the breadth of the role of the primary school English subject leader right from the starting point of compiling an application for such a post. The extensive and thorough coverage is frequently supported by reference to current demands and expectations, including the Framework for teaching of The National Literacy Project. An impressive adjunct to the detail is the applied anecdotal evidence and the inclusion of actual examples of documentation devised and in use in schools. I was pleased to note such aspects as the conferencing technique for both reading and writing being integral to everyday strategies' - School Librarian `Everything co-ordinators need on policy development, implementation and evaluation in English, language and literacy' - Junior Education High quality teaching in English language and literacy is a central part of the primary school curriculum. The coordinator has a key role to play in building on good practice, introducing new ways of working and monitoring their effectiveness. This book is written for coordinators and for those who are intending to take on the subject leadership, and addresses the issues of policy development, implementation and evaluation in primary English. By drawing on background theory and research, the authors provide clear guidance on the central tasks of subject co-ordination. Case study material is used to illustrate development work in English language and literacy in primary schools. The authors give up-to-date and practical advice on how to understand the processes of change.

An analysis of learning a second language through process drama. Topics covered include: evoking dramatic moments in second language learning and teaching; the nature of teacher-student interaction in drama-orientated language classrooms; and the psycho-social aspect of drama on learning.

"This volume has some really nice features such as: the discussion of audio-lingual theory as deriving from behaviorism, the terrific discussion of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation--that is discussed here in a manner superior to any I've seen, the discussion of over-motivated students; the relation between self-esteem and self-efficacy, disabilities and language learning, and the provision of specific tips for learning vocabulary, grammar etc. The case studies are also wonderful. "
Robert Sternberg, Department of Psychology
Yale University

"The case studies are among the most appealing characteristics of the book. They present readily identifiable, relatively easy-to-understand types of learners, and they include a vast range of possible types. The questions and prods related to the case studies are very valuable. The tables are very handy. I love the table on defense mechanisms and the chart about the intriguing metaphors for language learning."
Rebecca L. Oxford, Ph.D, Area Head, Teacher Education
University of Alabama

Why is it so difficult for adults to learn a second language? How can we get to the source of these difficulties, diagnose the learner, and help them achieve their goals? Understanding Second Language Learning Difficulties addresses these questions, demonstrating some of the insights, techniques, and skills needed to understand adult students who are having problems learning a second language. Author Madeline E. Ehrman provides a deep examination of the source of difficulty, taking into consideration such issues as learning styles, personality dispositions, motivation, learning strategies, self-efficacy, and anxiety.

Helpful summaries, case studies, and exercises are included, giving the reader a firm grasp of the complex issues involved. This new volume presents multiple theories and models for each of the cases discussed, showing the reader how to evaluate observations in terms of individual difference dimensions. Scholars, researchers, and professionals in linguistics, communication, English as a second language, as well as teachers and trainers will value the thorough examination, and unique viewpoints this book offers.

Perhaps no other educational activity draws closer scrutiny than reading; it truly is "fundamental." Because written communication is so important, it is equally important to know how well your school is living up to the expectations of parents, the public, and government -- as well as to the needs of the students themselves. This essential guide provides the specific information and working materials needed to objectively evaluate the progress and performance of any school's curriculum for reading and writing. If reading is the first rung in the education ladder, this guide to evaluation is the necessary measure of its effectiveness. This book is part of a seven-volume series for evaluating programs and services in today's K-12 schools. The "master plan" for this series is found in Evaluating School Programs: An Educator's Guide by James R. Sanders. It describes the steps involved in conducting the evaluation, including ways to focus the evaluation, identify specific evaluation questions, and collect, organize, analyze, and report the information. All volumes in the series, including this one, are designed to be mutually complementary and used in conjunction with Evaluating School Programs.

This teacher'd guide is designed to accompany an anthology of Norwegian writings. It suggests a variety of classroom communication activities for using in work with both pairs of students and with small groups. Intended primarily to complement ""Norsk, Nordmenn, og Norge"" the most widely used Norwegian text in the United States, the anthology may also be used independently and offers a lively, diverse collection of Norwegian writings for the intermediate-level student of Norwegian. High schools universities, or adult classes will find that the various stories and exercises provide a flexible text to meet their differing needs. Writings by Norwegians for Norwegians are grouped into three sections that allow the student to receive a hands-on approach to ""bokmal"" (Norway's standard language). The first section provides core readings that gradually grow in length and complexity, including stories, songs and dramatic sketches on themes ranging from romantic relationships and travel complications to women's rights and environmental issues. A second section on cultural background explores Norwegian geography, immigration to the United States, Germany's World War II occupation of Norway, and contemporary social issues in Norway. Students will find the third group of writings a useful start to expanding their use of Norwegian: selected texts are repeated in ""nynorsk"" (Norway's second official language), ""riksmal"" (the older form of the language), various Norwegian dialects, Swedish, and Danish, to demonstrate how minor adjustments in reading skills can make a wider range of writings accessible to the student. Bound by no single philosophy or teaching method, the anthology allows instructors to use their own approaches, while offering a range of specific suggestions for those who desire more structure. The anthology's eclectic character, introductions to selected Norwegian authors, vocabulary lists, and maps provide opportunities for discussing Norwegian history, culture, geography and literature. Cartoons, jokes, charts, directions, illustrations, maps, and a tourist brochure add variety to the readings. A companion workbook (""arbeidsbok"") is also available, offering a comprehensive grammar review and exercises. It also introduces new constructions necessary for comprehending and discussing the core selections of the anthology.

This book provides readers with a range of approaches and tools for thinking deeply about conducting research in their own language classrooms. The book's accessible style and content encourage language teachers to become part of a community focused on inquiry, equipping them with relevant terminology and concepts for their own teaching and research (inquiry, data collection, data analysis, bringing it all together). The reader is exposed to various research methods and examples, accompanied by pros and cons and rationales for each. This enables them to select which research approaches resonate most and are relevant to their own teaching. The book is designed to empower language teachers to engage in ongoing research, thus democratizing who might be considered a researcher. It includes a range of activities and reflections that can be adapted for both pre- and in-service language teachers in diverse language classrooms.

This book makes a unique contribution to classroom assessment literature, linking teacher-friendly examples to scholarly work and current research in the field, and providing comprehensive, hands-on information on core concepts in accessible terms. Examples of real activities and questions for reflection and discussion aim to enrich understanding.

Written for students of applied linguistics, this textbook is an indispensable introduction to the area of vocabulary knowledge. By linking the latest research to an overview of how the field is developing, the authors explore how learners handle what they know in second and foreign language vocabulary, and how they activate this information. Dimensions of Vocabulary Knowledge: - Offers a comprehensive investigation of the dimensions that constitute the word knowledge framework and identifies links between them - Synthesizes research on individual aspects of word knowledge - Presents new empirical research findings and considers the pedagogical implications of these - Provides questions for further classroom discussion

"Corpus-Based Approaches to ELT" presents a compilation of research exploring different ways to apply corpus-based and corpus-informed approaches to English language teaching.
Starting with an overview of research in the field of corpus linguistics and language teaching, various scenarios including academic and professional settings, as well as English as International Language, are described. Corpus-Based Approaches to ELT goes on to put forward several chapters focusing on error analysis using learner corpora and comparable native speaker corpora. Some of these chapters use translations and their original sources, while others compare the production of learners from different L1 in multilingual learner corpora. Also presented are new tools for corpus processing: a query program for parallel corpora, and the provision of tools to implement pedagogical annotation. The last section discuss the challenges and opportunities that multilayered and multimodal corpora may pose to corpus linguistic investigation.
This book will be indispensible to those teaching in higher education and wishing to develop corpus-based approaches, as well as researchers in the field of English Language Teaching.

Written by internationally renowned academics, this volume provides a snapshot of the field of applied linguistics, and illustrates how linguistics is informing and engaging with neighbouring disciplines. The contributors present new research in the 'traditional' areas of applied linguistics, including multilingualism, language education, teacher-learner relationships, and assessment. It represents the best of current practice in applied linguistics, and will be invaluable to students and researchers looking for an overview of the field.

This volume unites nineteen papers on core topics in linguistics: phonetics and phonology, morphology, syntax, and phraseology of English, exploring both synchronic and diachronic aspects of the English language. The papers have been collected to honour D. J. Allerton, who has taken a keen interest in all of these fields throughout his professional life. He has just retired from his professorship at the university of Basel where he has been professor of English linguistics since 1980. The authors of the contributions are colleagues and former students, all of whom felt inspired by his way of doing linguistics. Topics covered range from the Great Vowel Shift to contemporary changes in World Englishes, and from theoretical questions on the sound system and word formation patterns of English to more applied topics in phraseology and the lexicon.

Each chapter in this volume reviews past developments, discusses current developments and presents pointers for future research in the field of computer-assisted language learning. Broad bibliographies, citing books, journals, software and URLs, accompany each chapter.