This new edition is a concise introduction to the basic methods of computational physics. Readers will discover the benefits of numerical methods for solving complex mathematical problems and for the direct simulation of physical processes. The book is divided into two main parts: Deterministic methods and stochastic methods in computational physics. Based on concrete problems, the first part discusses numerical differentiation and integration, as well as the treatment of ordinary differential equations. This is extended by a brief introduction to the numerics of partial differential equations. The second part deals with the generation of random numbers, summarizes the basics of stochastics, and subsequently introduces Monte-Carlo (MC) methods. Specific emphasis is on MARKOV chain MC algorithms. The final two chapters discuss data analysis and stochastic optimization. All this is again motivated and augmented by applications from physics. In addition, the book offers a number of appendices to provide the reader with information on topics not discussed in the main text. Numerous problems with worked-out solutions, chapter introductions and summaries, together with a clear and application-oriented style support the reader. Ready to use C++ codes are provided online.

Organic Chemistry I For Dummies, 2nd Edition (9781119293378) was previously published as Organic Chemistry I For Dummies, 2nd Edition (9781118828076). While this version features a new Dummies cover and design, the content is the same as the prior release and should not be considered a new or updated product. The easy way to take the confusion out of organic chemistry Organic chemistry has a long-standing reputation as a difficult course. Organic Chemistry I For Dummies takes a simple approach to the topic, allowing you to grasp concepts at your own pace. This fun, easy-to-understand guide explains the basic principles of organic chemistry in simple terms, providing insight into the language of organic chemists, the major classes of compounds, and top trouble spots. You'll also get the nuts and bolts of tackling organic chemistry problems, from knowing where to start to spotting sneaky tricks that professors like to incorporate. Refreshed example equations New explanations and practical examples that reflect today's teaching methods Fully worked-out organic chemistry problems Baffled by benzines? Confused by carboxylic acids? Here's the help you need--in plain English!

Thoroughly updated, Introduction to Polymers, Third Edition presents the science underpinning the synthesis, characterization and properties of polymers. The material has been completely reorganized and expanded to include important new topics and provide a coherent platform for teaching and learning the fundamental aspects of contemporary polymer science.

New to the Third Edition

Part I

This first part covers newer developments in polymer synthesis, including ‘living’ radical polymerization, catalytic chain transfer and free-radical ring-opening polymerization, along with strategies for the synthesis of conducting polymers, dendrimers, hyperbranched polymers and block copolymers. Polymerization mechanisms have been made more explicit by showing electron movements.

Part II

In this part, the authors have added new topics on diffusion, solution behaviour of polyelectrolytes and field-flow fractionation methods. They also greatly expand coverage of spectroscopy, including UV visible, Raman, infrared, NMR and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the Flory–Huggins theory for polymer solutions and their phase separation is treated more rigorously.

Part III

A completely new, major topic in this section is multicomponent polymer systems. The book also incorporates new material on macromolecular dynamics and reptation, liquid crystalline polymers and thermal analysis. Many of the diagrams and micrographs have been updated to more clearly highlight features of polymer morphology.

Part IV

The last part of the book contains major new sections on polymer composites, such as nanocomposites, and electrical properties of polymers. Other new topics include effects of chain entanglements, swelling of elastomers, polymer fibres, impact behaviour and ductile fracture. Coverage of rubber-toughening of brittle plastics has also been revised and expanded.

While this edition adds many new concepts, the philosophy of the book remains unchanged. Largely self-contained, the text fully derives most equations and cross-references topics between chapters where appropriate. Each chapter not only includes a list of further reading to help readers expand their knowledge of the subject but also provides problem sets to test understanding, particularly of numerical aspects.

Table of Contents

CONCEPTS, NOMENCLATURE AND SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS

Concepts and Nomenclature

The Origins of Polymer Science and the Polymer Industry

Basic Definitions and Nomenclature

Molar Mass and Degree of Polymerization

Principles of Polymerization

Introduction

Classification of Polymerization Reactions

Monomer Functionality and Polymer Skeletal Structure

Functional Group Reactivity and Molecular Size: The Principle of Equal Reactivity

Step Polymerization

Introduction

Linear Step Polymerization

Non-Linear Step Polymerization

Radical Polymerization

Introduction to Radical Polymerization

The Chemistry of Conventional Free-Radical Polymerization

Kinetics of Conventional Free-Radical Polymerization

Free-Radical Polymerization Processes

Reversible-Deactivation (‘Living’) Radical Polymerizations

Non-Linear Radical Polymerizations

Ionic Polymerization

Introduction to Ionic Polymerization

Cationic Polymerization

Anionic Polymerization

Group-Transfer Polymerization

Stereochemistry and Coordination Polymerization

Introduction to Stereochemistry of Polymerization

Tacticity of Polymers

Geometric Isomerism in Polymers Prepared from Conjugated Dienes

Ziegler–Natta Coordination Polymerization

Metallocene Coordination Polymerization

Ring-Opening Polymerization

Introduction to Ring-Opening Polymerization

Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization

Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization

Free-Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization

Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Specialized Methods of Polymer Synthesis

Introduction

Solid-State Topochemical Polymerization

Polymerization by Oxidative Coupling

Precursor Routes to Intractable Polymers

Supramolecular Polymerization (Polyassociation)

Copolymerization

Introduction

Step Copolymerization

Chain Copolymerization

Block Copolymer Synthesis

Graft Copolymer Synthesis

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERS

Theoretical Description of Polymers in Solution

Introduction

Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions

Chain Dimensions

Frictional Properties of Polymer Molecules in Dilute Solution

Number-Average Molar Mass

Introduction to Measurements of Number-Average Molar Mass

Membrane Osmometry

Vapour Pressure Osmometry

Ebulliometry and Cryoscopy

End-Group Analysis

Effects of Low Molar Mass Impurities upon Mn

Scattering Methods

Introduction

Static Light Scattering

Dynamic Light Scattering

Small-Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering

Frictional Properties of Polymers in Solution

Introduction

Dilute Solution Viscometry

Ultracentrifugation

Molar Mass Distribution

Introduction

Fractionation

Gel Permeation Chromatography

Field-Flow Fractionation

Mass Spectroscopy

Chemical Composition and Molecular Microstructure

Introduction

Principles of Spectroscopy

Ultraviolet and Visible Light Absorption Spectroscopy

Infrared Spectroscopy

Raman Spectroscopy

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Mass Spectroscopy

PHASE STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY OF BULK POLYMERS

The Amorphous State

Introduction

The Glass Transition

Factors Controlling the Tg

Macromolecular Dynamics

The Crystalline State

Introduction

Determination of Crystal Structure

Polymer Single Crystals

Semi-Crystalline Polymers

Liquid Crystalline Polymers

Defects in Crystalline Polymers

Crystallization

Melting

Multicomponent Polymer Systems

Introduction

Polymer Blends

Block Copolymers

PROPERTIES OF BULK POLYMERS

Elastic Deformation

Introduction

Elastic Deformation

Elastic Deformation of Polymers

Viscoelasticity

Introduction

Viscoelastic Mechanical Models

Boltzmann Superposition Principle

Dynamic Mechanical Testing

Frequency Dependence of Viscoelastic Behaviour

Transitions and Polymer Structure

Time–Temperature Superposition

Effect of Entanglements

Non-Linear Viscoelasticity

Elastomers

Introduction

Thermodynamics of Elastomer Deformation

Statistical Theory of Elastomer Deformation

Stress–Strain Behaviour of Elastomers

Factors Affecting Mechanical Behaviour

Yield and Crazing

Introduction

Phenomenology of Yield

Yield Criteria

Deformation Mechanisms

Crazing

Fracture and Toughening

Introduction

Fundamentals of Fracture

Mechanics of Fracture

Fracture Phenomena

Toughened Polymers

Polymer Composites

Introduction to Composite Materials

Matrix Materials

Types of Reinforcement

Composite Composition

Particulate Reinforcement

Fibre Reinforcement

Nanocomposites

Electrical Properties

Introduction to Electrical Properties

Dielectric Properties

Conduction in Polymers

Polymer Electronics

Answers to Problems

Index

Problems and Further Reading appear at the end of each chapter.

Succeed in chemistry with the clear explanations, problem-solving strategies, and dynamic study tools of CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL REACTIVITY, 9e. Combining thorough instruction with the powerful multimedia tools you need to develop a deeper understanding of general chemistry concepts, the text emphasizes the visual nature of chemistry, illustrating the close interrelationship of the macroscopic, symbolic, and particulate levels of chemistry. The art program illustrates each of these levels in engaging detail--and is fully integrated with key media components. In addition access to OWLv2 may be purchased separately or at a special price if packaged with this text. OWLv2 is an online homework and tutorial system that helps you maximize your study time and improve your success in the course. OWLv2 includes an interactive eBook, as well as hundreds of guided simulations, animations, and video clips.

SINGLE VARIABLE CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS, Metric, 9th Edition, provides you with the strongest foundation for a STEM future. James Stewart's Calculus, Metric series is the top-seller in the world because of its problem-solving focus, mathematical precision and accuracy, and outstanding examples and problem sets. Selected and mentored by Stewart, Daniel Clegg and Saleem Watson continue his legacy and their careful refinements retain Stewart's clarity of exposition and make the 9th edition an even more usable learning tool. The accompanying WebAssign includes helpful learning support and new resources like Explore It interactive learning modules. Showing that Calculus is both practical and beautiful, the Stewart approach and WebAssign resources enhance understanding and build confidence for millions of students worldwide.

NOTE: Before purchasing, check with your instructor to ensure you select the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, and registrations are not transferable. To register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products, you may also need a Course ID, which your instructor will provide. Haeussler, Paul, and Wood establish a strong algebraic foundation that sets this text apart from other applied mathematics texts, paving the way for students to solve real-world problems that use calculus. Emphasis on developing algebraic skills is extended to the exercises-including both drill problems and applications. The authors work through examples and explanations with a blend of rigor and accessibility. In addition, they have refined the flow, transitions, organization, and portioning of the content over many editions to optimize manageability for teachers and learning for students. The table of contents covers a wide range of topics efficiently, enabling instructors to tailor their courses to meet student needs.

A complete, highly accessible introduction to one of today’s most exciting areas of applied mathematics One of the youngest, most vital areas of applied mathematics, combinatorial optimization integrates techniques from combinatorics, linear programming, and the theory of algorithms. Because of its success in solving difficult problems in areas from telecommunications to VLSI, from product distribution to airline crew scheduling, the field has seen a ground swell of activity over the past decade. Combinatorial Optimization is an ideal introduction to this mathematical discipline for advanced undergraduates and graduate students of discrete mathematics, computer science, and operations research. Written by a team of recognized experts, the text offers a thorough, highly accessible treatment of both classical concepts and recent results. The topics include:

• Network flow problems
• Optimal matching
• Integrality of polyhedra
• Matroids
• NP-completeness

This work introduces computer graphics from a mathematical perspective, offering a balance of theory, applications, and code. The book begins with a discussion of basic graphics tools such as vectors, matrices, and quaternions, then builds up to more advanced topics such as the intersection of three-dimensional objects. Both classical and new topics are covered. Some topics discussed include basic transforms, curves, surfaces, and subdivision surfaces. New techniques such as wavelets, fractals, parameterization, and fluid simulation are also covered. Throughout a large portion of the book, a new curve and surface algorithm is developed to illustrate the use of mathematics to develop compute graphics algorithms. The book contains all of the classes in C# necessary for computer graphics, providing a full explanation of the C# code and C# implementations for many of the algorithms are provided. The authors are affiliated with the University of Johannesburg, South Africa.

Mathematics N3 forms part of a series of mathematics books for vocational colleges written by a team of mathematics lecturers with years of classroom experience. The main aim of Mathematics N3 is to make mathematics as accessible as possible to learners, in terms of language and content. Large numbers of graded exercises and model assessment papers are included to afford learners the opportunity to strengthen their mathematical skills. The answers to all assessments are provided. Other books in the series include: Mathematics N1; Mathematics N2.

A comprehensive laboratory manual containing 39 experiments that parallel the text, including a final group of six experiments on qualitative cation analysis.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Ninth Edition, is revised to align with the way students approach complicated material. It includes pull-out organic chemistry reaction roadmaps organized by chapter to help you devise your own reaction pathways.

Emphasizing practical "how-to" skills, the new edition is packed with problems, along with hundreds of detailed solutions to all in-chapter exercises to guide you through logical approaches to solving problems. New point-by-point summaries at the beginning of each section highlight important content in a way that is easy to review and reference, while in-margin definitions and highlighted integral concepts reinforce key content throughout the text.

Slimkoppe Vaardigheidsboek vir tyd is spesiaal ontwikkel om jou kind in graad 1 tot 3 met sleutelvaardighede van die Suid-Afrikaanse Kurrikulum te help. Die werkboek bied aktiwiteite op verskillende vlakke sodat jou kind stadig op die eerste vlak kan wegspring en geleidelik na die meer gevorderde aktiwiteite op die derde vlak kan vorder. Slimkoppe word geskryf deur ervare Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysers en bevat waardevolle notas, wenke en antwoorde vir ouers.

Reviews from the First Edition:

"An excellent text a ] The postulates of quantum mechanics and the mathematical underpinnings are discussed in a clear, succinct manner." (American Scientist)

"No matter how gently one introduces students to the concept of Diraca (TM)s bras and kets, many are turned off. Shankar attacks the problem head-on in the first chapter, and in a very informal style suggests that there is nothing to be frightened of." (Physics Bulletin)

Reviews of the Second Edition:

"This massive text of 700 and odd pages has indeed an excellent get-up, is very verbal and expressive, and has extensively worked out calculational details---all just right for a first course. The style is conversational, more like a corridor talk or lecture notes, though arranged as a text. a ] It would be particularly useful to beginning students and those in allied areas like quantum chemistry." (Mathematical Reviews)

R. Shankar has introduced major additions and updated key presentations in this second edition of Principles of Quantum Mechanics. New features of this innovative text include an entirely rewritten mathematical introduction, a discussion of Time-reversal invariance, and extensive coverage of a variety of path integrals and their applications. Additional highlights include:

- Clear, accessible treatment of underlying mathematics

- A review of Newtonian, Lagrangian, and Hamiltonian mechanics

- Student understanding of quantum theory is enhanced by separate treatment of mathematical theorems and physical postulates

- Unsurpassed coverage of path integrals and their relevance in contemporary physics

The requisite text foradvanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Second Edition is fully referenced and is supported by many exercises and solutions. The booka (TM)s self-contained chapters also make it suitable for independent study as well as for courses in applied disciplines.

FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOSTATISTICS leads you through the methods, techniques, and computations of statistics necessary for success in the medical field. Every new concept is developed systematically through completely worked out examples from current medical research problems.

Elegant, engaging, exacting, and concise, Giancoli's Physics: Principles with Applications, Seventh Edition, helps students view the world through eyes that know physics. Giancoli's text is a trusted classic, known for its elegant writing, clear presentation, and quality of content. Using concrete observations and experiences students can relate to, the text features an approach that reflects how science is actually practiced: it starts with the specifics, then moves to the great generalizations and the more formal aspects of a topic to show students why we believe what we believe. Written with the goal of giving students a thorough understanding of the basic concepts of physics in all its aspects, the text uses interesting applications to biology, medicine, architecture, and digital technology to show students how useful physics is in their own everyday lives and in their future professions.

FINITE MATHEMATICS AND APPLIED CALCULUS, Seventh Edition, uses a large number of applications based on real data from business, economics, and the life and social sciences to help you see how mathematics relates to your own life and interests. Thorough spreadsheet and TI Graphing Calculator instructions appears throughout the text, and optional WebAssign platform include detailed teaching videos by an award-winning instructor. With these tools, plus the authors' website with online "game mode" tutorials and videos on every topic, this text will help you "get" mathematics, whatever your learning style may be.

Thoroughly revised, updated, expanded, and reorganized to serve as a primary text for mathematics courses, Introduction to Set Theory, Third Edition covers the basics: relations, functions, orderings, finite, countable, and uncountable sets, and cardinal and ordinal numbers. It also provides five additional self-contained chapters, consolidates the material on real numbers into a single updated chapter affording flexibility in course design, supplies end-of-section problems, with hints, of varying degrees of difficulty, includes new material on normal forms and Goodstein sequences, and adds important recent ideas including filters, ultrafilters, closed unbounded and stationary sets, and partitions.

Table of Contents

Sets; relations, functions and orderings; natural numbers; finite, countable and uncountable sets; cardinal numbers; ordinal numbers; alephs; the axiom of choice; arithmetic of cardinal numbers; sets of real numbers; filters and ultrafilters; combinatorial set theory; large cardinals; the axiom of foundation; the axiomatic set theory.

A text that stresses the general concepts of the theory of statistics Theoretical Statistics provides a systematic statement of the theory of statistics, emphasizing general concepts rather than mathematical rigor. Chapters 1 through 3 provide an overview of statistics and discuss some of the basic philosophical ideas and problems behind statistical procedures. Chapters 4 and 5 cover hypothesis testing with simple and null hypotheses, respectively. Subsequent chapters discuss non-parametrics, interval estimation, point estimation, asymptotics, Bayesian procedure, and deviation theory. Student familiarity with standard statistical techniques is assumed.

In questions of science, the authority of a thousand is not worth the humble reasoning of a single individual. Galileo Galilei, physicist and astronomer (1564-1642) This book is a second edition of "Classical Electromagnetic Theory" which derived from a set of lecture notes compiled over a number of years of teaching elect- magnetic theory to fourth year physics and electrical engineering students. These students had a previous exposure to electricity and magnetism, and the material from the ?rst four and a half chapters was presented as a review. I believe that the book makes a reasonable transition between the many excellent elementary books such as Gri?th's Introduction to Electrodynamics and the obviously graduate level books such as Jackson's Classical Electrodynamics or Landau and Lifshitz' Elect- dynamics of Continuous Media. If the students have had a previous exposure to Electromagnetictheory, allthematerialcanbereasonablycoveredintwosemesters. Neophytes should probable spend a semester on the ?rst four or ?ve chapters as well as, depending on their mathematical background, the Appendices B to F. For a shorter or more elementary course, the material on spherical waves, waveguides, and waves in anisotropic media may be omitted without loss of continuity.

Slimkoppe Vaardigheidsboek vir Breuke is spesiaal ontwikkel om jou kind in graad 1 tot 3 met sleutelvaardighede van die Suid-Afrikaanse Kurrikulum te help. Die werkboek bied aktiwiteite op verskillende vlakke sodat jou kind stadig op die eerste vlak kan wegspring en geleidelik na die meer gevorderde aktiwiteite op die derde vlak kan vorder. Slimkoppe word geskryf deur ervare Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysers en bevat waardevolle notas, wenke en antwoorde vir ouers.

Cutting across traditional subject boundaries, Principles of Ecotoxicology, Fourth Edition gives readers an integrated view of ecotoxicology, from molecules to ecosystems. This new edition of a bestselling textbook continues to emphasize principles rather than practice, providing the interdisciplinary perspective and grounding required for research.

Organized into three sections, the book first describes the molecular structures, properties, and environmental fate of pollutants. It then deals with the effects of pollutants on living organisms at the molecular, cellular, and individual levels. Moving into population biology and population genetics, the third part of the book addresses a question of great interest to ecologists: What effects do pollutants have at the levels of population, community, and the whole ecosystem?

The book also looks at how ecotoxicology is used in the biomonitoring of environmental pollution, the investigation of pollution problems, the conducting of field trials, the study of the development of resistance, and the growing area of environmental risk assessments. Throughout, examples and case studies illustrate the principles.

This updated fourth edition includes new material on nanoparticle pollution, bioaccumulation, biomarkers, and chemical warfare in nature, as well as a new chapter on the future directions of ecotoxicology. A concise textbook that will also appeal to practicing ecotoxicologists, it provides a solid basis for understanding what happens to chemicals in the real world, where they go, how they ultimately degrade, and how they affect the individuals and populations that encounter them.

What’s New in This Edition

Revised and updated material throughout

A chapter on future directions of ecotoxicology

New material on nanoparticle pollution and chemical warfare in nature

Expanded coverage of bioaccumulation, biomarkers, and risk assessment for affected populations

More case studies, many from the United States

Discussion of neurotoxic and behavioral effects of pollutants

Recent research on the decline of vultures and effects of neonicotinoids on bees

Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition (CRC Press, 2008), a companion volume to this book, covers the mechanistic aspects of ecotoxicology in more depth.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Pollutants and Their Fate in Ecosystems

Major Classes of Pollutants

Routes by Which Pollutants Enter Ecosystems

Long-Range Movements and Global Transport of Pollutants

The Fate of Metals and Radioactive Isotopes in Contaminated Ecosystems

Fates of Organic Pollutants in Individuals and in Ecosystems

Effects of Pollutants on Individual Organisms

Testing for Ecotoxicity

Biochemical Effects of Pollutants

Physiological Effects of Pollutants

Interactive Effects of Pollutants

Biomarkers

In Situ Biological Monitoring

Effects of Pollutants on Populations and Communities

Changes in Numbers: Population Dynamics

Evolution of Resistance to Pollution

Changes in Communities and Ecosystems

Extrapolating from Molecular Interactions to Consequent Effects at Population Level

Biomarkers in Population Studies

Ecotoxicology: Looking to the Future

Glossary

Bibliography

Index

Chapters include a summary and further reading.

/

Providing students with a clear and understandable introduction to the fundamentals of analysis, this book continues to present the fundamental concepts of analysis in as painless a manner as possible. To achieve this aim, the second edition has made many improvements in exposition.

This text emphasizes the physical interpretation of mathematical solutions and introduces applied mathematics while presenting differential equations. Coverage includes Fourier series, orthogonal functions, boundary value problems, Green's functions, and transform methods. This text is ideal for students in science, engineering, and applied mathematics.

This Smart-Kids activity book covers Time skills for grades 1 to 3 and provide extra practise where children needs it most. The workbook is divided into three levels so that children who learn faster can progress more quickly through the levels, while those who struggle can start with simpler work and build their skills gradually. It is specially written by experienced South African teachers and contains valuable notes, tips and answers for parents.

Provides avenues for applying functional analysis to the practical study of natural sciences as well as mathematics. Contains worked problems on Hilbert space theory and on Banach spaces and emphasizes concepts, principles, methods and major applications of functional analysis.