This book evaluates the seismic performance of concrete gravity dams, considering the effects of strong motion duration, mainshock-aftershock seismic sequence, and near-fault ground motion. It employs both the extended finite element method (XFEM) and concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) models to characterize the mechanical behavior of concrete gravity dams under strong ground motions, including the dam-reservoir-foundation interaction. In addition, it discusses the effects of the initial crack, earthquake direction, and cross-stream seismic excitation on the nonlinear dynamic response to strong ground motions, and on the damage-cracking risk of concrete gravity dams. This book provides a theoretical basis for the seismic performance evaluation of high dams, and can also be used as a reference resource for researchers and graduate students engaged in the seismic design of high dams.

This book presents a systematic introduction to particle damping technologies, which can be used to effectively mitigate seismic-induced and wind-induced vibration in various structures. Further, it offers comprehensive information on the latest research advances, e.g. a refined simulation model based on the discrete element method and a simplified simulation model based on equivalent principles. It then intensively studies the vibration attenuation effects of particle dampers subjected to different dynamic loads; in this context, the book proposes a new damping mechanism and "global'' measures that can be used to evaluate damping performance. Moreover, the book uses the shaking table test and wind tunnel test to verify the proposed simulation methods, and their satisfactory damping performance is confirmed. To facilitate the practical engineering application of this technology, optimization design guidelines for particle impact dampers are also provided. In closing, the book offers a preliminary exploration of semi-active particle damping technology, which holds great potential for extension to other applications in which the primary system is subjected to non-stationary excitations.

This book includes select papers presented during the 16th Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics, held in JNCASR, Bangalore, and presents the latest developments in computational, experimental and theoretical research as well as industrial and technological advances. This book is of interest to researchers working in the field of fluid mechanics.

This book focusses on structural bonding, including many facets, like fundamental aspects of adhesion, science and technology of surfaces, adhesive materials, mechanical properties of bonded joints, innovative designs and applications, testing and standardization, industrial aspects, quality procedures, environmental and ecological aspects. This first volume of the new series gathers selected contributions of the 6th international conference on structural adhesive bonding AB 2021, held in Porto, Portugal, 8-9 July 2021, represents the latest trends and serves as a reference volume for researchers and graduate students working in this field.

This book offers a clear and comprehensive overview of both the theory and application of fundamental aspects of concrete-filled double steel tubes (CFDST). Many analysis and design applications are presented, which involve mechanical components and structural members often encountered in engineering practice. This monograph is written for practicing structural and civil engineers, students, and academic researchers who want to keep up to speed on the latest technologies for concrete-filled steel tube (CFST).

This book provides a comprehensive review of fundamental issues in the dynamical modeling and vibration control design for several flexible mechanical systems, such as flexible satellites, flexible aerial refueling hoses, and flexible three-dimensional manipulators. Offering an authoritative reference guide to the dynamics and control of flexible mechanical systems, it equips readers to solve a host of problems concerning these systems. It provides not only a complete overview of flexible systems, but also a better understanding of the technical levels involved. The book is divided into ten chapters: Chapters 1 and 2 lay the foundations, while the remaining chapters explore several independent yet related topics in detail. The book's final chapter presents conclusions and recommendations for future research. Given its scope, the book is intended for researchers, graduate students, and engineers whose work involves control systems, flexible mechanical systems, and related areas.

This book commemorates the 75th birthday of Prof. George Jaiani - Georgia's leading expert on shell theory. He is also well known outside Georgia for his individual approach to shell theory research and as an organizer of meetings, conferences and schools in the field. The collection of papers presented includes articles by scientists from various countries discussing the state of the art and new trends in the theory of shells, plates, and beams. Chapter 20 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book gathers selected, extended and revised contributions to the 16th International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, and the 4th Conference on Imaging and Visualization (CMBBE 2019), held on August 14-16, 2019, in New York City, USA. It reports on cutting-edge models and algorithms for studying various tissues and organs in normal and pathological conditions; innovative imaging and visualization techniques; and the latest diagnostic tools. Further topics addressed include: numerical methods, machine learning approaches, FEM models, and high-resolution imaging and real-time visualization methods applied for biomedical purposes. Given the scope of its coverage, the book provides graduate students and researchers with a timely and insightful snapshot of the latest research and current challenges in biomedical engineering, computational biomechanics and biological imaging, as well as a source of inspiration for future research and cross-disciplinary collaborations.

This book gathers contributions from the 15th ICOLD Benchmark Workshop on Numerical Analysis of Dams. The workshop provided an opportunity for engineers, researchers and operators to present and exchange their experiences and the latest advances in numerical modelling in the context of the design, performance and monitoring of dams. Covering various aspects of computer analysis tools and safety assessment criteria, and their development over recent decades, the book is a valuable reference resource for those in the engineering community involved in the safety, planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of dams.

This textbook serves as an introduction to nonlinear dynamics and fractals for physiological modeling. Examples and demonstrations from current research in cardiopulmonary engineering and neuro-systems engineering are provided, as well as lab and computer exercises that encourage readers to apply the course material. This is an ideal textbook for graduate students in biomedical engineering departments, researchers who analyze physiological data, and researchers interested in physiological modeling.

Corrosion by external currents (electrocorrosion) of metallic constructions has to be regarded as a strongest factor of aggressiveness in conductive aggressive environments. Corrosion by stray currents of underground and underwater metal constructions was comprehensively and profoundly studied long ago and it is considered in this book only in the form of a review. The primary attention is focused on corrosion by external anodic (mainly) and cathodic currents of metal constructions in environments of high aggressiveness typical for electrochemical plants of chemical and non-ferrous metallurgical brunches of industry, where penetration of the external currents (leakage currents) from the electrolytic baths to the metal constructions is unavoidable.
Structural metals selected for the media of a high aggressiveness are initially in a passive state that provides their corrosion resistance at the absence of the attack by external currents. However, under the attack by leakage current the metals are brought out of the boundaries of their passive field and undergo intensive corrosion damage.
A new approach to the problem of electrocorrosion protection of the passive structural metals which is considered in this book consists in keeping the metals attacked by external currents in the boundaries of their passive field. The systems, developed in accordance with this approach, are based on modification of existing and on elaboration of new methods and means of electrocorrosion protection. These systems take into account corrosion and electrochemical characteristics of the aggressive media (redox potential, conductivity etc.) and of the passive metal (corrosion and activation potentials, current density in a passive state etc) as well as sizes and distribution character of the external currents.
Analysis of leakage current distribution in electrochemical plants, character of their influence, methods of estimation of corrosion stability of metallic structures in the field of external currents and a lot of concrete examples of successful introducing of the developed corrosion protection systems in many operating plants of chemical and non ferrous metallurgical branches of industry are given.
Features/ Benefits
New approach to the problem of protection from electrocorrosion, taking into account the passive state of the metal in aggressive media
This approach allows concentrating on the purpose of keeping the metal in the boundaries of its passive field which opens principally new ways to effective metals protection from electrocorrosion.
Modifications of well known and principally new developed methods and means of electrocorrosion protection are presented. The methods do not require power sources and in most cases do not need significant metal consumption. The expenditure for the maintenance of these methods is minimal.
The set of the developed methods and means of metals protection from electrocorrosion provides engineers, particularly, the personnel of electrochemical plants in chemical and non-ferrous metallurgic branches of industry with necessary accessible and low cost solutions of protection from electrocorrosion of metallic equipment at the stages of design and of operation.
New methods of estimation the stability of metallic structures in the field of external current taking into account the size of external current, accessibleparameters and electrochemical characteristics of the metal, of the structures and of the aggressive environment.
These methods allow to prevent electrocorrosion damage at the stage of design and to estimate the danger of corrosion attack by external currents of metallic piping and equipment operating in the zones of influence of external currents.
Improved and new materials for stable anodes and cathodes for protection of metallic structures against corrosion by external anodic and cathodic currents, respectively.
These data enlarge the possibilities of metals protection from electrocorrosion and make this protection more accessible and less expensive.
Using sectionalization as method of effective protection of passive metals with high activation potential values in the field of external currents.
By using equation for calculation a permissible section length, for example, for titanium piping in acid sulfate solution, it is possible to attain by sectionalization a complete piping protection from electrocorrosion without applying any additional means for protection.
Data on the influence of structural features of metals (weld seams, crevices etc) in the field of external anodic and cathodic currents on the values of the activation protection.
These data must be taken into account when corrosion stability of a metallic structure is estimated at the stages of design and of operation in the field of external current.
Known and new data on the values and distribution of leakage currents, on the methods and means of their reducing, on the action character of the external anodic and cathodic currents on different structural metals in various aggressiveenvironment, on estimation methods of corrosion stability of metallic structures in the field of external current and on the methods and means of their protection from electrocorrosion are systematized in the book.
Systematized data on electrocorrosion and protection of metals, especially in electrochemical plants allow using the book as a guide for corrosion engineers end researchers and for the personnel maintaining the equipment of all kinds of electrochemical plants to analyze the corrosion state of the metallic equipment and to prevent its electrocorrosion.

This book offers selected contributions to fundamental research and application in designing and engineering materials. It focuses on mechanical engineering applications such as automobile, railway, marine, aerospace, biomedical, pressure vessel technology, and turbine technology. This includes a wide range of material classes, like lightweight metallic materials, polymers, composites, and ceramics. Advanced applications include manufacturing using the new or newer materials, testing methods, and multi-scale experimental and computational aspects.

This book introduces the theory of structural dynamics, with focus on civil engineering structures. It presents modern methods of analysis and techniques adaptable to computer programming clearly and easily. The book is ideal as a text for advanced undergraduates or graduate students taking a first course in structural dynamics. It is arranged in such a way that it can be used for a one- or two-semester course, or span the undergraduate and graduate levels. In addition, this book serves the practicing engineer as a primary reference. This book is organized by the type of structural modeling. The author simplifies the subject by presenting a single degree-of-freedom system in the first chapters and then moves to systems with many degrees-of-freedom in the following chapters. Many worked examples/problems are presented to explain the text, and a few computer programs are presented to help better understand the concepts. The book is useful to the research scholars and professional engineers, besides senior undergraduate and postgraduate students.

This book gathers contributions by researchers from several countries on all major areas of robotic research, development and innovation, as well as new applications and current trends. The topics covered include: novel designs and applications of robotic systems, intelligent cooperating and service robots, advanced robot control, human-robot interfaces, robot vision systems, mobile robots, humanoid and walking robots, bio-inspired and swarm robotic systems, aerial, underwater and spatial robots, robots for ambient assisted living, medical robots and bionic prostheses, cognitive robots, cloud robotics, ethical and social issues in robotics, etc. Given its scope, the book offers a source of information and inspiration for researchers seeking to improve their work and gather new ideas for future developments. The contents reflect the outcomes of the activities of RAAD (International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region) in 2020.

This book presents different thermodynamic approaches in the area of constitutive theory: thermodynamics of irreversible processes, rational thermodynamics, and extended thermodynamics. These different approaches are analyzed with respect to their presuppositions, as well as to their results, and each method is applied to several important examples. In many cases these examples are archetypes for numerous technologically important materials; i.e. complex materials having an internal structure. Some of the examples dealt with in this book are liquid crystals, colloid suspensions, ans fiber suspensions. The book well serves students and researchers who have basic knowledge in continuum mechanics and thermodynamics. It provides a systematic overview of the vast field of thermodynamic constitutive theory, beginning from a historical perspective and concluding with outstanding questions in recent research.

This volume brings together contributions from world renowned researchers and practitioners in the field of geotechnical engineering. The chapters of this book are based on the keynote and invited lectures delivered at the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The book presents advances in the field of soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. A strong emphasis is placed on proving connections between academic research and field practice, with many examples, case studies, best practices, and discussions on performance-based design. This volume will be of interest to research scholars, academicians and industry professionals alike.

This book reports on an original approach to problems of loci. It shows how the theory of mechanisms can be used to address the locus problem. It describes the study of different loci, with an emphasis on those of triangle and quadrilateral, but not limited to them. Thanks to a number of original drawings, the book helps to visualize different type of loci, which can be treated as curves, and shows how to create new ones, including some aesthetic ones, by changing some parameters of the equivalent mechanisms. Further, the book includes a theoretical discussion on the synthesis of mechanisms, giving some important insights into the correlation between the generation of trajectories by mechanisms and the synthesis of those mechanisms when the trajectory is given, and presenting approximate solutions to this problem. Based on the authors' many years of research and on their extensive knowledge concerning the theory of mechanisms, and bridging between geometry and mechanics, this book offers a unique guide to mechanical engineers and engineering designers, mathematicians, as well as industrial and graphic designers, and students in the above-mentioned fields alike.

This book discusses systems of damage detection and structural health monitoring in mechanical, civil, and aerospace structures. It utilizes principles of fuzzy logic, probability theory, and signal processing to develop systems and approaches that are robust in the presence of both noise in the data and variations in properties of materials which are intrinsic to the process of mass production. This volume will be useful to graduate students, researchers, and engineers working in this area, especially those looking to understand and address model uncertainty in their algorithms.

This volume presents selected papers from IACMAG Symposium,The major themes covered in this conference are Earthquake Engineering, Ground Improvement and Constitutive Modelling. This volume will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in geotechnical and geomechanical engineering.

This book gathers the peer-reviewed proceedings of the 14th International Symposium, PRADS 2019, held in Yokohama, Japan, in September 2019. It brings together naval architects, engineers, academic researchers and professionals who are involved in ships and other floating structures to share the latest research advances in the field. The contents cover a broad range of topics, including design synthesis for ships and floating systems, production, hydrodynamics, and structures and materials. Reflecting the latest advances, the book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners alike.

This study aid on numerical optimization techniques is intended for university undergraduate and postgraduate mechanical engineering students. Optimization procedures are becoming more and more important for lightweight design, where weight reduction can, for example in the case of automotive or aerospace industry, lead to lower fuel consumption and a corresponding reduction in operational costs as well as beneficial effects on the environment. Based on the free computer algebra system Maxima, the authors present procedures for numerically solving problems in engineering mathematics as well as applications taken from traditional courses on the strength of materials. The mechanical theories focus on the typical one-dimensional structural elements, i.e., springs, bars, and Euler-Bernoulli beams, in order to reduce the complexity of the numerical framework and limit the resulting design to a low number of variables. The use of a computer algebra system and the incorporated functions, e.g., for derivatives or equation solving, allows a greater focus on the methodology of the optimization methods and not on standard procedures. The book also provides numerous examples, including some that can be solved using a graphical approach to help readers gain a better understanding of the computer implementation.

The objective of this book is to construct a rigorous mathematical approach to linear hereditary problems of wave propagation theory and demonstrate the efficiency of mathematical theorems in hereditary mechanics. By using both real end complex Tauberian techniques for the Laplace transform, a classification of near-front asymptotics of solutions to considered equations is given-depending on the singularity character of the memory function. The book goes on to derive the description of the behavior of these solutions and demonstrates the importance of nonlinear Laplace transform in linear hereditary elasticity. This book is of undeniable value to researchers working in areas of mathematical physics and related fields.

Vibration and noise are two interrelated terms in the field of mechanical engineering. Vibration is caused by unbalanced inertial forces and moments whereas noise is the result of such vibrations. Noisy machines have always been a matter of concern. Lesser vibration ensures manufacturing to closer tolerances, lesser wear and tear, and longer fatigue life. Hence, a quieter machine is more cost-effective in the long run. It is now well understood that a quieter machine is in every way a better machine.This book deals with such industrial and automotive noise and vibration, their measurement and control. This textbook stresses on physical concepts and the application thereof to practical problems. The author's four decades of experience in teaching, research and industrial consultancy is reflected in the choice of the solved examples and unsolved problems.The book targets senior undergraduate students in mechanical engineering as well as designers of industrial machinery and layouts. It can readily be used for self-study by practicing designers and engineers.

This book presents the stream-tube method (STM), a method offering computational means of dealing with the two- and three-dimensional properties of numerous incompressible materials in static and dynamic conditions. The authors show that the kinematics and stresses associated with the flow and deformation in such materials can be treated by breaking the system down into simple computational sub-domains in which streamlines are straight and parallel and using one or two mapping functions in steady-state and non-steady-state conditions. The STM is considered for various problems in non-Newtonian fluid mechanics with different geometries. The book makes use of examples and applications to illustrate the use of the STM. It explores the possibilities of computation on simple mapped rectangular domains and three-dimensional parallel-piped domains under different conditions. Complex materials with memory are considered simply without particle tracking problems. Readers, including researchers, engineers and graduate students, with a foundational knowledge of calculus, linear algebra, differential equations and fluid mechanics will benefit most greatly from this book.