Posttraumatic Epilepsy: Basic and Clinical Aspects provides a synthesized resource on the recent basic and clinical science developments in the field of posttraumatic epilepsy. This book provides a clear understanding of the history of studies and epidemiology of posttraumatic epilepsy after head injury. The book also considers the neuropathology of posttraumatic epilepsy and clinical trials of antiepileptogenic agents evaluated after traumatic brain injury. The book covers the basic science of animal models of traumatic brain injury and the necessary and sufficient changes that must occur to generate epilepsy after head trauma. The authors explore potential mechanisms and novel therapeutic approaches to prevent posttraumatic epilepsy. The book is written for basic and clinical researchers in neuroscience as well as for clinicians treating patients with epilepsy.

In cancer research, a traditional phase II trial is designed as a single-arm trial that compares the experimental therapy to a historical control. This simple trial design has led to several adverse issues, including increased false positivity of phase II trial results and negative phase III trials. To rectify these problems, oncologists and biostatisticians have begun to use a randomized phase II trial that compares an experimental therapy with a prospective control therapy. Randomized Phase II Cancer Clinical Trials explains how to properly select and accurately use diverse statistical methods for designing and analyzing phase II trials. The author first reviews the statistical methods for single-arm phase II trials since some methodologies for randomized phase II trials stem from single-arm phase II trials and many phase II cancer clinical trials still use single-arm designs. The book then presents methods for randomized phase II trials and describes statistical methods for both single-arm and randomized phase II trials. Although the text focuses on phase II cancer clinical trials, the statistical methods covered can also be used (with minor modifications) in phase II trials for other diseases and in phase III cancer clinical trials. Suitable for cancer clinicians and biostatisticians, this book shows how randomized phase II trials with a prospective control resolve the shortcomings of traditional single-arm phase II trials. It provides readers with numerous statistical design and analysis methods for randomized phase II trials in oncology.

This concise guide covers the important angles of your grant application, whether for a health research project or personal training programme, and will help you be among the successful applicants.

The author, a reviewer for grant funding organisations and internationally respected research scientist, gives you the benefit of his experience from both sides of the process in this easy-to-use, readable guide. The book takes you through the grant application process, explaining how to: Present the justification for the proposed projectDescribe the study design clearlyEstimate the financial costsUnderstand a typical review process, and how this can influence the contents of the grant application

The author provides practical advice on a range of project types (observational studies, clinical trials, laboratory experiments, and systematic reviews) to increase the chance that your application will be successful. There are also tips on what to avoid throughout the application.

With generic information about application requirements, "How to Write a Grant Application" is ideal for healthcare professionals seeking a health services or scientific grant.

The leading figure in qualitative health research (QHR), Janice M. Morse, asserts that QHR is its own separate discipline--distinct from both traditional health research and other kinds of qualitative research--and examines the implications of this position for theory, research, and practice. She contends that the health care environments transform many of the traditional norms of qualitative research and shape a new and different kind of research tradition. Similarly, the humanizing ethos of qualitative health research has much to teach traditional researchers and practitioners in health disciplines. She explores how the discipline of QHR can play out in practice, both in the clinic and in the classroom, in North America and around the world. A challenging, thought-provoking call to rethink how to conduct qualitative research in health settings.

Developing better therapies for neurological conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases remains an enduring problem for 21st century medicine. The testing of novel therapies will continue to require a robust experimental animal model. The marmoset is an ideal animal model for modern neurological research because of the species' convenient body size, ease of handling, and the fundamental similarity of its neuroanatomy to the human brain. The Stereotaxic and Chemoarchitectural Atlas of the Brain of the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is the most detailed atlas of the marmoset brain available. An essential tool for researchers developing more effective therapies for disabling and debilitating neurological disorders, the book contains: Fully delineated, high-quality (400x magnification) images of Nissl-stained, acetylcholinesterase histochemically-stained and parvalbumin, calbindin and neurofilament immunohistochemically-stained coronal and sagittal sections, as well as structural magnetic resonance images (MRI) for direct comparisons Line diagrams with delineations of all cortical and subcortical structures, with grid overlays so the precise position of each structure can be located stereotaxically relative to the interaural line and infraorbital margin Quantitative data regarding volume and cell number of many of the structures delineated in the atlas, regularly updated on an accompanying website Standard nomenclature widely used in the Paxinos group of atlases, allowing users to compare and contrast homologous nuclei in different species using the major available atlases The book combines modern imaging (MRI) with an accurate stereotaxic and chemoarchitectonic section atlas, making the fullest use of available technologies. The downloadable resources include all the images in full color. Designed by publishing neuroanatomists, this book/downloadable resources will be a cornerstone in marmoset brain research for years to come.

Nonpharmacological treatments include a wide variety of treatments such as surgery, technical procedures, implantable and non-implantable devices, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and behavioral interventions. Unlike pharmacological treatments, these have no specific requirements for approval. Consequently, they can be widely proposed in clinical practice but may not have been adequately evaluated. This situation is an important barrier for the evaluation of the beneficial effects of these treatments and the conduct of clinical trials. Randomized Clinical Trials of Nonpharmacologic Treatments focuses on the methods for assessing nonpharmacological treatments, highlighting specific issues and trial design. Features: Chapters written by international experts in the field Highlights specific issues in assessing nonpharmacological treatments in trials including: how to overcome the difficulties of blinding patients, care providers, and outcome assessors the complexity of the intervention, the learning curve, and the clustering effect placebos that can be used issues of assessing harm and assessing the applicability of trials Presents a variety of trial designs for nonpharmacological treatments-including cluster randomized controlled trials, expertise-based trials, pragmatic trials, and nonrandomized trials. Provides several examples of the planning, conduct, analyses, and reporting of trials in different fields, including surgery, technical interventions, medical devices, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and behavioral interventions. Providing practical examples that underline these issues and solutions, this book is one of the first to exclusively explore this topic, discussing various categories of treatments, from surgical procedures to psychotherapy.

Praise for the First Edition "This book is easy to read and has many informative illustrations...I would strongly recommend this book to those interested in a broad introduction to the care and use of laboratory guinea pigs as well as to laboratory animal technicians, managers, veterinarians and scientists who do not have direct access to large, well organized animal resource units with extensive library facilities." -John D. Young, Contemporary Topics The Laboratory Guinea Pig provides a compact and well- illustrated introduction to research on the guinea pig. The second edition of this popular handbook facilitates quick reference to the behavioral and physical traits of the guinea pig, as well as practical information on its unique anatomical and biological features. Numerous tables and color illustrations help the reader identify features of anatomy and understand health issues and care requirements. Supplying a stepwise introduction to common laboratory techniques, the new edition of this trusted reference provides guidance that supports the humane care and use of guinea pigs in the laboratory setting.

In clinical trial practice, controversial statistical issues inevitably occur regardless of the compliance with good statistical practice and good clinical practice. But by identifying the causes of the issues and correcting them, the study objectives of clinical trials can be better achieved. Controversial Statistical Issues in Clinical Trials covers commonly encountered controversial statistical issues in clinical trials and, whenever possible, makes recommendations to resolve these problems. The book focuses on issues occurring at various stages of clinical research and development, including early-phase clinical development (such as bioavailability/bioequivalence), bench-to-bedside translational research, and late-phase clinical development. Numerous examples illustrate the impact of these issues on the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the test treatment under investigation. The author also offers recommendations regarding possible resolutions of the problems. Written by one of the preeminent experts in the field, this book provides a useful desk reference and state-of-the art examination of problematic issues in clinical trials for scientists in the pharmaceutical industry, medical/statistical reviewers in government regulatory agencies, and researchers and students in academia.

This book gathers the proceedings of the 2018 Abel Symposium, which was held in Geiranger, Norway, on June 4-8, 2018. The symposium offered an overview of the emerging field of "Topological Data Analysis". This volume presents papers on various research directions, notably including applications in neuroscience, materials science, cancer biology, and immune response. Providing an essential snapshot of the status quo, it represents a valuable asset for practitioners and those considering entering the field.

This combination manual and DVD provides much-needed training on the proper handling of mice used in biomedical research. The DVD includes narrated video clips that demonstrate and describe each procedural technique. The manual contains handouts with color illustrations and descriptive text for each technique, including the purpose and application of the procedure, recommended skills, and necessary supplies. It can be used as a training resource and refresher for lab animal veterinarians, veterinary technicians, animal care staff, trainers, and research investigators and staff who work with mice.

Measures of Interobserver Agreement and Reliability, Second Edition covers important issues related to the design and analysis of reliability and agreement studies. It examines factors affecting the degree of measurement errors in reliability generalization studies and characteristics influencing the process of diagnosing each subject in a reliability study. The book also illustrates the importance of blinding and random selection of subjects. New to the Second Edition New chapter that describes various models for methods comparison studies New chapter on the analysis of reproducibility using the within-subjects coefficient of variation Emphasis on the definition of the subjects' and raters' population as well as sample size determination This edition continues to offer guidance on how to run sound reliability and agreement studies in clinical settings and other types of investigations. The author explores two ways of producing one pooled estimate of agreement from several centers: a fixed-effect approach and a random sample of centers using a simple meta-analytic approach. The text includes end-of-chapter exercises as well as downloadable resources of data sets and SAS code.

'Medical technology is beneficial for well researched dangerous diseases. However, most symptoms that people bring to their primary care physician have no single clearly identifiable cause: investigations and drugs do more harm than good - and also waste resources - ' - Wilfrid Treasure Diagnosis and Risk Management in Primary Care teaches that adopting an evidence-based approach to primary care improves patient care and treatment outcomes. It demonstrates that brief clinical assessments, repeated if necessary, allow effective diagnosis while avoiding the costs and complications associated with more advanced testing. Adopting a fresh approach, this book sets consultation skills alongside evidence-based information by both itemising the specific techniques and facts that are needed in the consulting room, and providing detailed information on odds and likelihood ratios to quantify risk and deal with uncertainty. This book provides food for thought, and helps doctors develop communication skills that support their personal styles of consulting, encouraging a more traditional, intuitive treatment. It provides a map of the consultation and a compass to navigate through symptoms, signs and evidence - listening to their patients with one ear and, with the other, to the reflective inner voice of reason. General Practitioner Specialist Trainees and their teachers will find much of interest, as will established General Practitioners with an interest in maintaining traditional models of care. Undergraduate medical students and candidates for the MRCGP will find this an ideal reader for the clinical skills assessment. 'What a breath of fresh air to find an author capable of putting the patient back at the centre of the consultation and who is able to entertain at the same time as he informs and to stimulate critical reflection while nudging us in the direction of a rigorous approach to diagnosis, and the assessment and communication of risk.' From the foreword by Roger Jones

Learn to understand, critically appraise, and apply research studies to evidence-based nursing practice! Understanding Nursing Research: Building an Evidence-Based Practice is a leading textbook of nursing research for evidence-based practice (EBP), identified as a competency in the 2021 AACN Essentials and a key emphasis the Next-Generation NCLEX(R) Examination (NGN). This updated and enhanced 8th edition gives you even sharper insights into critical appraisal of published studies for evidence-based nursing practice. Known for its authoritative content, its time-tested systematic approach, and its unique Research Example format - the new 8th edition of this bestselling textbook features updated content throughout, including current examples of high-quality studies, along with new Research/Evidence-Based Practice Tips boxes and enhanced use of tables, boxes, and illustrations for improved learning. Clear, step-by-step organization introduces the research process and critical appraisal skills, identified as a competency in the 2021 AACN Essentials and a key emphasis of the Next-Generation NCLEX(R) Examination (NGN). Strong focus on EBP helps you develop skills in appraising and applying published studies, demonstrating how to apply evidence to clinical practice. Authoritative content is written by pioneers and practitioners of nursing research who offer unique, firsthand insights into the field. Balanced coverage of qualitative and quantitative research shows how to approach published studies with an unbiased view of the researcher's methodology. Research Examples are updated with high-quality nursing research and quality improvement studies showing how to critically appraise the nursing literature. Critical Appraisal Guidelines boxes provide step-by-step guidance in critically appraising published research studies. Summary tables, illustrations, and boxes promote in-depth learning of processes and approaches for today's increasingly evidence-based clinical practice. Introduction to mixed-methods and outcomes research examines these increasingly popular methodologies in nursing research. NEW! Updated content throughout the book focuses on the most relevant, need-to-know information to help you understand the research and evidence-based practice (EBP) processes. NEW! Research / Evidence-Based Practice Tips provide expert advice to help you critically appraise published studies for application to clinical practice.

In recent years, high-density DNA microarrays have revolutionized biomedical research and drug discovery efforts by the pharmaceutical industry. Their efficacy in identifying and prioritizing drug targets based on their ability to confirm a large number of gene expression measurements in parallel has become a key element in drug discovery. Microarray Innovations: Technology and Experimentation examines the incredibly powerful nature of array technology and the ways in which it can be applied to understanding the genomic basis of disease. Explores a myriad of applications in use today This volume explores recent innovations in the microarray field and tracks the evolution of the major platforms currently used. The international panel of contributors presents a survey of the past five years' research and advancements in microarray methods and applications and their usage in drug discovery and biomedical research. The contributions discuss improvements in automation (array fabrication and hybridization), new substrates for printing arrays, platform comparisons and contrasts, experimental design, and data normalization and mining schemes. They also review epigenomic array studies, electronic microarrays, comparative genomic hybridization, microRNA arrays, and mutational analyzes. In addition, the book provides coverage of important clinical diagnostic arrays, protein arrays, and neuroscience applications. Examines improved methodologies As microarrays have evolved steadily over time from archetypical in-house complementary DNA (cDNA) arrays to robust commercial oligonucleotide platforms, there has been a migration to higher density biochips with increasing content and better analytical methodologies. This compendium summarizes the vast advances that have been made in this technology, highlighting the supreme advantages of microarray-based approaches in the field of biomedical research.

Through the use of practical examples and solutions, this timely "Fifth Edition "has been updated and expanded to provide the most complete and comprehensive guide to the various statistical applications and research issues in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly clinical trials and bioequivalence studies.

New to the "Fifth Edition":

Building upon the foundation of basics discussed in the previous edition, the Second Edition provides a more in-depth look at the latest methods and technologies of advanced drug screening, an essential function of drug discovery.

With extensively updated content and 21 new chapters, this text examines:

• quality and efficiency of drug target validation and potential drug compound selection
• reducing assay costs and improvement in assay technology
• data quality improvement
• trends in drug discovery
• how drug screening can minimize adverse drug effects
• recent advancements, including: high content screening; protein-protein interactions; high-throughput crystallization; lead optimization; chemoinformatics and microfluidics technologies; target validation by genomics, proteomics, and siRNA; structure-based drug design; automation; and medicinal chemistry

Concise, contemporary, and accessible to students with little-to-no prior knowledge of nursing theory, Theoretical Basis for Nursing, 6th Edition, clarifies the application of theory and helps students become more confident, well-rounded nurses. With balanced coverage of grand, middle range, and shared theories, this acclaimed, AJN Award-winning text is extensively researched and easy to read, providing an engaging, approachable guide to developing, analyzing, and evaluating theory in students' nursing careers. Updated content reflects the latest perspectives on clinical judgment, evidence-based practice, and situation-specific theories, accompanied by engaging resources that give students the confidence to apply concepts to their own practice.

The thoroughly revised Fifth Edition of New Drug Approval Process supplies readers with the latest global changes that affect pharmaceutical product approval and influence how new products are researched and marketed.

Updated chapters include:

• advances in international regulatory requirements, including ICH guidelines and harmonization
• a step-by-step format for content, assembly, and strategic approach in filing US and global INDs, NDAs, BLAs, ANDAs, and SNDAs
• the latest regulatory requirements for expediting new drug approvals
• strategies for effective communication and integration of pharmaceutical personnel in all aspects of new drug development

High throughput analysis plays a critical role in the pharmaceutical industry. The ever-shortening timelines and high costs of drug discovery and development have brought about the need for high throughput approaches to methods that are currently used in the industry. Written and edited by well-known contributors who remain active in this line of research, this book systematically describes high throughput analysis for the pharmaceutical industry, including advanced instrumentation and automated sample preparation. The text discusses various techniques, including HPLC, MALDI-MS, and LC-MS/MS methods, with an emphasis on the later stage of drug development, including pharmacokinetics.

Culture and Meaning in Health Services Research is a practical guide to applying interpretive qualitative methods to pressing healthcare delivery problems. A leading medical anthropologist who has spent many years working in applied healthcare settings, Sobo combines sophisticated theoretical insights and methodological rigor with authentic, real-world examples and applications. In addition to clearly explaining the nuanced practice of ethnography and guiding the reader through specific methods that can be used in focus groups or interviewing to yield useful findings, Sobo considers the social relationships and power dynamics that influence field entry, data ownership, research deliverables, and authorship decisions. Crafted to communicate the importance of culture and meaning across the many disciplines engaged in health services research, this book is ideal for courses in such fields as public health and health administration, nursing, anthropology, health psychology, and sociology.

Now in its fourth edition, Fraud and Misconduct in Biomedical Research boasts an impressive list of contributors from around the globe and introduces a new focus for the book, transforming it from a series of monographs into a publication that will quickly become an essential textbook on all areas of research fraud and misconduct. Key features include: a comprehensive analysis of the historical aspects of research misconduct, with cases from across the world; an extended section on the detection of research misconduct, examining the roles of the peer review process, statistical analysis, and routine enhanced audit; a completely new section, 'The Way Forward', which looks at the role of national advisory bodies. Fraud and Misconduct in Biomedical Research strives to uncover the issues surrounding clinical research in order to raise awareness of unethical practice, open debate and express concerns. This book is internationally relevant; from anyone who is involved with biomedical research or has an interest in fraud and misconduct, to the recipients and beneficiaries of research, who are directly affected by unreliable research.

Medical devices are the bread and butter from which health care and clinical research are derived. Such devices are used for patient care, genetic testing, clinical trials, and experimental clinical investigations. Without medical devices, there is no clinical research or patient care. Without life-adjusting devices, there are no medical procedures or surgery. Without life-saving and life-maintaining devices, there is no improvement in well-being and quality of life. Without innovative medical devices and experimentation, there can be no medical progress or patient safety. Medical devices and medical technology are used to create or support many different products and medical-surgical procedures.

This volume on the regulation of medical devices in the European Union, with a focus on France, tackles a topic of interdisciplinary interest and significance for policymakers in countries around the globe. The EU regulatory regime is one of three global regional regimes, and medical products manufactured in EU countries are sold worldwide. As countries confront an aging population on a global scale, with associated increases in chronic diseases, physical handicaps, and multi-morbidity, there will inevitably be an increase in the demand for health services and, concomitantly, the use of medical devices in medical and surgical procedures. This will be the case regardless of whether services are delivered in hospitals, doctors' offices, or at home. The associated risks of a particular device will be the same whatever the country of origin for the device, or where the need occurs. Revolutionary medical advances increase diagnostic capabilities, but they increase the potential of harm and risks to patients.

Medical technologies and devices are used ethically most of the time; yet they have the potential for unethical use when scientific medicine is elevated over human life and death. Assumptions that are taken for granted can be dangerous to a patient's health. That is why our understanding of appropriate and effective regulation of medical devices is significant to all people on all continents.

The long-awaited third edition of Doing Qualitative Research by Benjamin F. Crabtree and William L. Miller is out! Co-create your own inspired research stories with this reader-friendly text on qualitative methods, design, and analysis. Written for both students and researchers with little to no qualitative experience, as well as investigators looking to expand and refine their expertise, this clear and concise book will quickly get readers up to speed doing truly excellent qualitative research. The first four chapters of the book set the stage by contextualizing qualitative research within the overall traditions of research, focusing on the history of qualitative research, the importance of collaboration, reflexivity, and finding the appropriate method for your research question. Each part then addresses a different stage of the research process, from data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and refocusing on the bigger picture once your research is complete. Unique chapters cover case study research, intervention studies, and participatory research. The authors use their experiences and knowledge to provide both personal and published research stories to contextualize qualitative concepts. Many of the examples demonstrate the use of qualitative methods within a mixed-methods approach. Each chapter concludes with open-ended questions to further reader contemplation and to spark discussions with classmates and colleagues. With an abundance of clinical research examples featuring a variety of qualitative methods, Doing Qualitative Research encourages researchers to learn by doing and actively experiment with the tools and concepts presented throughout the book.

Although longitudinal social network data are increasingly collected, there are few guides on how to navigate the range of available tools for longitudinal network analysis. The applied social scientist is left to wonder: Which model is most appropriate for my data? How should I get started with this modeling strategy? And how do I know if my model is any good? This book answers these questions. Author Scott Duxbury assumes that the reader is familiar with network measurement, description, and notation, and is versed in regression analysis, but is likely unfamiliar with statistical network methods. The goal of the book is to guide readers towards choosing, applying, assessing, and interpreting a longitudinal network model, and each chapter is organized with a specific data structure or research question in mind. A companion website includes data and R code to replicate the examples in the book.

As the incidence of diabetes increases worldwide, the need for recommendations on how to prevent and treat the condition grows exponentially, and so does the need for an authoritative source for information on the appropriate models to study the condition. The new edition of Animal Models of Diabetes is that source. The book presents updated and expanded information regarding the use of models in experiments with both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.

The new edition compiles relevant time-saving information on well-recognized models, including various mice, rats, minipigs, and Rhesus monkeys, and provides extensive references for more in-depth study. It contains new and updated referenced reviews on animals with induced obesity as well as observations on retinopathy in spontaneous diabetes resembling human lesions. The book discusses nutritionally diabetes-prone animals and considerations of insulin resistance and obesity. The contributors also address the importance of recent findings on the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications in relation to human disease.

Including contributions from prominent experts in the field, the book brings together scattered data and lucidly presents it. This promotes the understanding of the etiopathology of diabetes and offers a new grasp of the insulin action, its negative feedback leading to insulin resistance, and its detrimental outcomes. The book also includes new knowledge on specific complications of diabetes, offering an incentive to test advanced modalities to prevent and inhibit their occurrence.