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Books > Humanities > Archaeology > Archaeology by period / region > Middle & Near Eastern archaeology
Lithic Studies: Anatolia and Beyond aims to show networks of
cultural interactions by focusing on the latest lithic studies from
Turkey, Greece, and the Balkans, bringing to the forefront the
connectedness and techno-cultural continuity of knapped and ground
stone technologies. Lithic studies are mostly conducted on a site
by site basis, and specialist studies on lithics tend to focus
primarily on technology and typology. As a result, information
acquired through lithic research is presented as the identifier of
the particular site with the addition of brief local correlations.
This creates isolated islands of information. This volume is
intended to bring these islands together to build the bigger
picture, showcasing the fluidity of technological change,
transitional cultural developments, and cultural formation by
focusing on the interrelations between sites, localities and
regions. Individually and collectively the wide range of papers in
the volume give perspectives on Neolithization as seen through
stone technologies, highlighting both regional trends and
interregional relationships. The volume lays the foundations for
creating an integrated understanding of Neolithic lithic
technologies across the broad geographical regions of Turkey,
Greece and the Balkans.
The nature of historical and archaeological research is such that
biblical and archaeological evidence should both be taken into
account so that we can attain a more reliable reconstruction of
ancient Israel. Nowadays we are faced with numerous reconstructions
which are very often diametrically opposed to each other owing to
the different assumptions of scholars. An examination of certain
issues of epistemology in the current climate of postmodernism,
shows that the latter is self-defeating when it claims that we
cannot attain any true knowledge about the past. Illustrations are
taken from the history of pre-exilic Israel; however, the
indissoluble unity of text and artefact is made clearer and more
concrete through a detailed case study about the location of the
house of Rahab as depicted in Joshua 2: 15, irrespective of whether
this text is historical or not. Text and artefact should work hand
in hand even when narratives turn out to be fictional, since thus
there emerges a clearer picture of the external world which the
author would have had in mind.
The aim idea of this study is to examine, quantify and critically
assess the settlement history of the northern Oman Peninsula from
the Hafit period (late 4th - early 3rd millennium BC) to recent
times.
This research takes an integrative approach to the study of
Hellenistic cult and cultic practices in an important part of
western Asia by employing a combination of archaeological,
numismatic and historical evidence. Although any thorough
investigation of Seleukid religion would prove illuminating in
itself, this research uses religion as a lens through which to
explore the processes of acculturation and rejection within a
colonial context. It discusses the state attitude towards, and
manipulation of, both Hellenic and indigenous beliefs and places
this within a framework developed out of a series of case studies
exploring evidence for religion at a regional level. The study
outlines the development of religious practices and expression in
the region which formed the birthplace of the modern world's three
most influential monotheistic religions.
This book examines dwarfs in myth and everyday life in ancient
Egypt and Greece. In both cultures physical beauty was highly
admired, even to excess. What happened to those whose appearance
did not conform to the 'ideal proportions'? The spectacular forms
of dwarfism were always a focus of interest, and it is the most
depicted disorder in antiquity. In this study Dr Dasen brings
together for the first time a whole range of mostly unpublished or
little-known iconographic, epigraphic, literary, and
anthropological evidence. She covers areas such as the history of
caricature and the portrait; medical history, in particular, the
development of the perception of congenital disorders; social
history; and history of religion, with questions on the magical and
ritual efficiency of the malformed in sacred and theatrical
contexts. She considers also the complex relations between
mythology and ethnography, as shown, for example, in the Greek myth
of the Pygmies. This is a fascinating work, with a wealth of
insights for anyone interested in the history of medicine and the
ancient world.
Contents: Mikhail Abramzon: A hoard of bronze Pontic and Bosporan
coins of the reign of Mithradates VI from Phanagoria, 2007; Anna
Alexandropoulou: The Late Classical and Hellenistic pottery of
Sinope and Amisos; William Anderson and Abby Robinson: Marginal or
mainstream? The character of settlement in Late Roman Paphlagonia;
Sumer Atasoy: New exploration of the southern Black Sea coast:
Filyos - Tios; Eka Avaliani: Ancient Anatolia: cultural mosaic, not
melting pot; Lucretiu Mihailescu-Birliba: Les Pontobithyniens en
Dacie romaine; Thomas Bruggemann: Paphlagonia between Goths,
Sasanids and Arabs (3rd-8th centuries AD); Ertekin Doksanalti and
Gungor Karauguz: The Hellenistic and Roman ceramics from field
surveys at Devrek and its environs, west Black Sea region of
Turkey; Sevket Donmez: A new excavation in Pontus: Amasya-Oluz
Hoyuk. Preliminary results for the Hellenistic period and Iron Age
layers; Dimitris P. Drakoulis: Regional transformations and the
settlement network of the coastal Pontic provinces in the Early
Byzantine period; Cristian E. Ghita: The Pontic army: integrating
Persian and Macedonian traditions; J.G.F. Hind: Milesian and
Sinopean traders in Colchis (Greeks at Phasis and the ransoming of
shipwrecked sailors); Monica M. Jackson: The Amisos Treasure: a
Hellenistic tomb from the age of Mithradates Eupator; Gungor
Karauguz, Ozsen Corumluoglu, Ibrahim Kalayci and Ibrahim Asri: A 3D
digital photogrammetric model of a Roman 'birdrock monument' in the
north-west region of Anatolia; Merab Khalvashi and Emzar Kakhidze:
Sinopean amphorae in Apsarus; Liudmila G. Khrushkova: Chersonesus
in the Crimea: Early Byzantine capitals with fine-toothed acanthus
leaves; Liudmila G. Khrushkova and Dmitri E. Vasilinenko: Basilica
Lesnoe-1 near Sochi in the north-eastern Black Sea region; Sergei
A. Kovalenko The Hestiatorion of the Chaika settlement in the
north-western Crimea; Ergun Lafli und Eva Christof: Drei neu
entdeckte Phallossteine aus der Chora von Hadrianopolis; Boris
Agomedov and Sergey Didenko: Red Slip Ware in Chernyakhov culture;
Iulian Moga: Strabo on the Persian Artemis and Men in Pontus and
Lydia; Kyrylo Myzgin: Finds of Roman coins of Asia Minor provincial
mintage in the territory of Chernyakhov Culture; Alexander V.
Podossinov: Bithynia, Paphlagonia and Pontus on the Tabula
Peutingeriana; Jean-Louis Podvin: Cultes isiaques en Pont et
Paphlagonie; Elena A. Popova and Tatiana V. Egorova: Investigation
of the Late Scythian cinder heap on the site of Chaika near
Evpatoria in the north-west Crimea; Annette Teffeteller: Strategies
of continuity in the construction of ethnic and cultural identity:
the lineage and role of Zeus Stratios in Pontus and Paphlagonia;
Bruno Tripodi: Paphlagonian horseman in Cunaxa (Xenophon Anabasis
1. 8. 5); Gocha R. Tsetskhladze: The southern Black Sea coast and
its hinterland: an ethno-cultural perspective; Maya Vassileva: The
rock-cut monuments of Phrygia, Paphlagonia and Thrace: a
comparative overview; Jose Vela Tejada: Stasis and polemos at
Pontus in the first half of the 4th century BC according to Aeneas
Tacticus: the Datames' siege of Sinope; Fred C. Woudhuizen; The
saga of the Argonauts: a reflex of Thraco-Phrygian maritime
encroachment on the southern Pontic littoral; Luca Zavagno:
Amastris (Paphlagonia): a study in Byzantine urban history between
Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages; Elena A. Zinko:
Peculiarities of the paintings of Bosporan crypts of the 3rd-6th
centuries AD; Two Appendices: Pessinus in Phrygia: Brief
Preliminary Report of the 2010 Field Season.
Has the ancient Egyptian cult of immortality resurfaced in
Brighton? When a freshly-mummified body is discovered at the
Brighton Museum of Natural History, Detective Francis Sullivan is
at a loss to identify the desiccated woman. But as Egyptian burial
jars of body parts with cryptic messages attached start appearing,
he realises he has a serial killer on his hands. Revenge, obsession
and an ancient religion form a potent mix, unleashing a wave of
terror throughout the city. Caught in a race against time while
battling his own demons, Francis must fight to uncover the true
identity of the Embalmer before it's too late...
Papers from an international Egyptological conference entitled
Evolving Egypt: Innovation, Appropriation, and Reinterpretation in
Ancient Egypt held in February 2006 at BYU-Hawaii (Oahu). Contents:
1) Possibilities and Pitfalls in Identifying Innovation: The Early
Ramesside Era as a Case Study (Kerry Muhlestein); 2) Les bateaux et
le sacre dans l'ancienne Egypte (Ana Maria Rosso); 3) Symbolic
Connotations of Pyramid Temples in the 5th and 6th Dynasties (Pal
Steiner); 4) Dating of Stelae of the 12th Dynasty: A Statistical
Approach (Des Bright); 5) The Expansionist Policies of the New
Kingdom and the Increase in Craft Specialization in the Textile
Industry (Giovanni Tata); 6) Copy and Reinterpretation in the Tomb
of Nakht: Ancient Egyptian Hermeneutics (Valerie Angenot); 7) The
Daily Cult: Space, Continuity and Change (Robyn Gillam); 8) Glossed
Over: Ancient Egyptian Interpretations of Their Religion (John
Gee); 9) The Hieratic Scribal Tradition in Preexilic Judah (David
Calabro); 10) Ptolemaic Translation and Representation: The
Hellenistic Sculptural Program of the Memphite Sarapieion (Shanna
Kennedy-Quigley); 11) Appropriation of Egyptian Judgment in the
Testament of Abraham? (Jared Ludlow); 12 New Evidence of Coptic
Mummification Techniques From Tell El-Hibeh, Middle Egypt (Robert
M. Yohe II, Jill K. Gardner, and Deanna Heikkinen).
The subject of this study is an examination of the resources at the
disposal of the elite class of Old Kingdom officials who
administered the state on behalf of the crown. Their assets
included one or more rural estates either owned outright or held in
usufruct and/or enjoyed according to a land-owning system referred
to as the pr Dt (estate), and all that the estate produced: a
workforce if in some way bound to the estate, buildings, means of
transport, household and personal effects.
16 papers from the 'Egyptology in Australia and New Zealand'
Conference held in Melbourne, September 4th-6th 2009. Contents: A
History of Egyptology at Monash University, Melbourne (C. Hope); 1)
Trade and Power: The Role of Naqada as a Trading Centre in
Predynastic Egypt (J. Cox); 2) Antecedents to the Ptolemaic
Mammisis (V. Crown); 3) Ptolemaic 'Black Ware' from Mut el-Kharab
(J. Gill); 4) The Decorative Program of the Amarna Rock Tombs:
Unique Scenes of the Egyptian Military and Police (E. Healey); 5)
The Use of Myth in the Pyramid Texts (J. Hellum); 6) The
Application of Cladistics to Early Dynastic Egyptian Ceramics:
Applying a New Method (A. Hood & J. Valentine); 7) Searching
for an Oasis Identity: Dakhleh Oasis in the Third Intermediate
Period (C. Hubschmann); 8) Ambiguous Images: The Problems and
Possibilities of Analysing Rock-art Images in the Egyptian Western
Desert (D. James); 9) The Ruler of Kush (Kerma) at Buhen during the
Second Intermediate Period: A Reinterpretation of Buhen Stela 691
and Related Objects (C. Knoblauch); 10) On Interpreting the Meaning
of Amulets and Other Objects using the Frog Motif as an Example (J.
Kremler); 11) Administrative Control of Egypt's Western Oases
during the New Kingdom: A Tale of Two Cities (R. Long); 12) It
Really is Aha: Re-examining an Early Dynastic Ink Inscription from
Tarkhan (L. Mawdeley); 13) Invisible History: The First
Intermediate Period in United Kingdom (UK) Museum Exhibitions (M.
Pitkin); 14) The Inscriptions of Hatshepsut at the Temple of
Semnah: An Art-historical and Epigraphic Re-appraisal (A.
Shackell-Smith); 15) Characterisation and Legitimisation in the
Doomed Prince (D. Stewart); 16) The Typology of 26th Dynasty
Funerary Figurines (S. Volk).
Plant Food Processing Tools at Early Neolithic Goebekli Tepe
reconstructs plant food processing at this key Pre-Pottery
Neolithic (9600-8000 BC) site, with an emphasis on cereals, legumes
and herbs as food sources, on grinding and pounding tools for their
processing, and on the vessels implied in the consumption of meals
and beverages. Functional investigations on grinding and pounding
tools and on stone containers through use-wear and residue analyses
are at the core of the book. Their corpus amounts to more than 7000
objects, constituting thus the largest collection published so far
from the Neolithic of Upper Mesopotamia. The spectrum of tools and
of processed plants is very broad, but porridges made of cereals,
legumes and herbs, and beers predominate over bread-like food. The
find contexts show that cooking took place around the well-known
monumental buildings, while the large quantity of tools suggests
feasting in addition to daily meals.
This fresh categorisation and examination grew from the author's
innate curiosity about the shapes and forms of the ships and boats
of the Ancient World and particularly of the Ancient Egyptians.
Many years sailing and the book by Nancy Jenkins, "The Boat beneath
the Pyramid" which considered the vessel buried alongside the Great
Pyramid of Giza sparked this curiosity, and from this start point,
the focus of the research moved to the catalogue of model vessels
in the Cairo Museum collection, published by Reisner, and the
surviving hulls from Dahshur. These sources were augmented and
supported by the work by Boreux. Finds such as the timbers from
Lisht added valuable information. An interest in the greater
variety of vessels to be known from the Old and Middle Kingdoms
concentrated the researcher's attention upon the craft of these
periods. Three fragmentary examples of hull forms, supposedly not
known until the Old Kingdom, have been included, as the
categorization system proposed in this research attempts to push
back the previously accepted dates of some Egyptian hull shapes.
The Cairo Genizah is considered one of the world's greatest Hebrew
manuscript treasures. Yet the story of how over a quarter of a
million fragments hidden in Egypt were discovered and distributed
around the world, before becoming collectively known as "The Cairo
Genizah," is far more convoluted and compelling than previously
told. The full story involves an international cast of scholars,
librarians, archaeologists, excavators, collectors, dealers and
agents, operating from the mid-nineteenth to the early twentieth
century, and all acting with varying motivations and intentions in
a race for the spoils. Basing her research on a wealth of archival
materials, Jefferson reconstructs how these protagonists used their
various networks to create key alliances, or to blaze lone trails,
each one on a quest to recover ancient manuscripts. Following in
their footsteps, she takes the reader on a journey down into
ancient caves and tombs, under medieval rubbish mounds, into hidden
attic rooms, vaults, basements and wells, along labyrinthine souks,
and behind the doors of private clubs and cloistered colleges.
Along the way, the reader will also learn about the importance of
establishing manuscript provenance and authenticity, and the impact
to our understanding of the past when either factor is in doubt.
A collection of papers in honour of Eyptologist Ulrich Luft.
Contents: 1) The Greek subliterary texts and the Demotic literature
(Adrienn Almasy); 2) Die drei Kartuschen im Naoseingang (Edith
Bernhauer); 3) Eine archaisierende Konigsfigur der spaten
Libyerzeit (Helmut Brandl) 4) A Phantom Debate ? (Edward
Brovarski); 5) Inscriptions of the high priest Pinudjem I on the
walls of the Eighteenth Dynasty Temple at Medinet Habu (Gabriella
Dembitz); 6) News from Old Kingdom Thebes (Zoltan Imre Fabian); 7)
Who was Sinuhe? (Hans Goedicke); 8) Memphis in der fruhen 6.
Dynastie als Fallbeispiel agyptologischer Residenzenforschung (Rolf
Gundlach); 9) Massbezeichnungen auf koptischen Papyri und Ostraka
(Monika Hasitzka); 10) A Greek Coptic Glossary Found at TT65
(Andrea Hasznos); 11) Zum koptischen Alphabet des Bernhard von
Breydenbach (1486) (Balazs J. Irsay-Nagy); 12) Die Naoi und die
Kulttopographie von Saft el-Henneh (Dieter Kessler); 13) The
protagonist-catalogues of the apocryphal acts of Apostles in the
Coptic Manichaica a re-assessment of the evidence (Gabor Kosa); 14)
Feudalisms of Egyptology (Katalin Anna Kothay); 15) Der Sennefer
Brief, Berlin P 10463 die Lesung des Papyrusmaterials (Myriam
Krutzsch) 16) Shakespeares The Tempest and the Latin Asclepius
(Ildiko Limpar); 17) From Middle Kingdom apotropaia to Netherworld
Books (Eva Liptay); 18) Zu einer Formulierung in Totenbuch Kapitel
(Alexander Manisali); 19) Les Proces. Un genre litteraire de
lEgypte ancienne (Bernard Mathieu); 20) Vom schonen Erzahlen.
Buchstablich fabelhafte Bilder (Ludwig D. Morenz); 21) Die
administrativen Texte der Berliner Lederhandschrift (Matthias
Muller); 22) Letters from Gurna. The mix-and-match game of an
excavation (Bori Nemeth); 23) Zum Tempel des Amonre Der die Bitte
hort in Karnak (Jurgen Osing); 24) The forms of the shadow: The
birth-stories of the first archon in the ancient Gnostic texts from
Nag Hammadi (Csaba Otvos); 25) Elkasai (Monika Pesthy-Simon); 26)
Foreign groups at Lahun during the late Middle Kingdom (Mate
Petrik); 27) Geschlechtsidentitatsstorungen im altagyptischen
Pantheon? Einige Bemerkungen zum Phanomen wechselnder
Genuskorrelationen von Gotternamen (Andreas H. Pries); 28) Eine
agyptische Bezeichnung der Perle? (Joachim Friedrich Quack); 29)
The domestic servant of the palace rn-snb (Helmut Satzinger and
Danijela Stefanovic); 30) An Early Stela of the High Priest
Amenhotep of the 20th Dynasty? (Julia Schmied); 31) The Burial
Shaft of the Tomb of Amenhotep, Overseer of the First Phyle Theban
Tomb No. -64- (Gabor Schreiber); 32) The Epistolary topos and War
(Anthony Spalinger); 33) He did its Like: Some Uses of Repetition
in Demotic Narrative Fiction (John Tait); 34) Aegyptio-Afroasiatica
XXIV(Gabor Takacs); 35) The Demons of the Air and the Water of the
Nile. Saint Anthony the Great on the Reason of the Inundation
(Peter Toth); 36) Der gottliche Ramses II. im Grossen Tempel von
Abu Simbel (Martina Ullmann); 37) Excavation in the Tomb of Piay in
Dra Abu el Naga (TT 344) (Zsuzsanna Vanek); 38) Deux etiquettes de
momie) (Edith Varga); 39) One seal and two sealings of the Fifth
Dynasty and their historical implications (Miroslav Verner); 40)
Zur Homonymie in den Kxoe-Varietaten des Zentralkhoisan (Rainer
Vossen); 41) Ein Sphinxkopf aus der 12. Dynastie (Munchen AS 7110)
(Gabriele Wenzel); 42) Eine ptolemaische Abrechung uber
inneragyptischen Finanzausgleich. (P. Fitzhugh D.4 + P. Wangstedt
7) (Karl-Theodor Zauzich).
Between 2004 and 2008 the Centre for Maritime Archaeology (CMA),
University of Southampton and the Department of Underwater
Antiquities of the Egyptian Supreme Council for Antiquities (SCA),
in conjunction with the Centre for Maritime Archaeology and
Underwater Cultural Heritage (CMAUCH), University of Alexandria,
conducted five seasons of survey along the shores of the western
arm of Lake Mareotis, Alexandria, Egypt. This was to be the first
systematic, comprehensive survey of the region, the aim being to
more fully appreciate the nature of Lake Mareotis and the role it
played in the economy of ancient Alexandria. An initial visit to
the region in 2002 alerted the co-directors of the subsequent
project, Lucy Blue (CMA) and Sameh Ramses (SCA), to the huge
potential of the area, as well as the immediate threats that the
archaeology of the region faced.
Prehistoric Fisherfolk of Oman reports on excavations at the
prehistoric site Ras Al-Hamra RH-5, located on a large promontory
in the Qurum area of Muscat, conducted by the Italian
Archaeological Mission in Oman with support from the Ministry of
Heritage and Tourism. The site dates from the late fifth to the end
of the fourth millennia BC and comprises an accumulation of
superimposed food discards deriving from continuous and repeated
subsistence activities such as fishing, collecting shells, hunting
and herding. Dwellings and household installations, including
objects of daily use and ornaments, have also been found throughout
the occupation sequence. Excavations at RH-5 yielded unprecedented
data on the economic and social dynamics of Neolithic societies in
eastern Arabia. The exploitation of different ecological niches
supplied all the necessary requirements for year-round sedentary
human occupation. The lifestyle of fisher-gatherer communities
during the Middle Holocene represents a fundamental step of the
neolithisation process in Oman.
A collection of 29 papers on a wide range of Egyptological and
Coptic subjects. Aspects of epigraphy, art history, architecture,
artefactual studies, philology, and the history of Egyptology and
Coptic studies are among the many topics discussed. Papers
predominantly in Italian , with a few in French and one in English.
Cross-referencing visual depictions with the more meagre
archaeological record, this study presents a typology of this
significant artefact. It examines the ritual uses of the amulet,
and discusses its symbolic place in Egyptian theology, drawing on
the work of Jan Assman.
This book is intended as an introduction to the archaeology of the
easternmost regions of Greek settlement in the Hellenistic period,
from the conquests of Alexander the Great in the late fourth
century BC, through to the last Greek-named kings of north-western
India somewhere around the late first century BC, or even early
first century AD. The Far East of the Hellenistic world a region
comprising areas of what is now Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran and the
former-Soviet Central Asian Republics is best known from the
archaeological remains of sites such as Ai Khanoum, which attest
the endurance of Greek cultural and political presence in the
region in the three centuries following the conquests of Alexander
the Great. The chapters here survey the available evidence,
including Latin, Greek, Chinese and Indian texts, as well as
archaeology, survey the secondary literature, and ponder themes of
identity, cultural contact and ethnicity.
The nature of historical and archaeological research is such that
biblical and archaeological evidence should both be taken into
account so that we can attain a more reliable reconstruction of
ancient Israel. Nowadays we are faced with numerous reconstructions
which are very often diametrically opposed to each other owing to
the different assumptions of scholars. An examination of certain
issues of epistemology in the current climate of postmodernism,
shows that the latter is self-defeating when it claims that we
cannot attain any true knowledge about the past.
Illustrations are taken from the history of pre-exilic Israel;
however, the indissoluble unity of text and artefact is made
clearer and more concrete through a detailed case study about the
location of the house of Rahab as depicted in Joshua 2: 15,
irrespective of whether this text is historical or not. Text and
artefact should work hand in hand even when narratives turn out to
be fictional, since thus there emerges a clearer picture of the
external world which the author would have had in mind.
This book is a vivid reconstruction of the practical aspects of
ancient Egyptian religion. Through an examination of artefacts and
inscriptions, the text explores a variety of issues. For example,
who was allowed to enter the temples, and what rituals were
performed therein? Who served as priests? How were they organized
and trained, and what did they do? What was the Egyptians' attitude
toward death, and what happened at funerals? How did the living and
dead communicate? In what ways could people communicate with the
gods? What impact did religion have on the economy and longevity of
the society? This book demystifies Egyptian religion, exploring
what it meant to the people and society. The text is richly
illustrated with images of rituals and religious objects.
In this extensively revised third edition of The Viking Age: A
Reader, Somerville and McDonald successfully bring the Vikings and
their world to life for twenty-first-century students and
instructors. The diversity of the Viking era is revealed through
the remarkable range and variety of sources presented as well as
the geographical and chronological coverage of the readings. The
third edition has been reorganized into fifteen chapters. Many
sources have been added, including material on gender and warrior
women, and a completely new final chapter traces the continuing
cultural influence of the Vikings to the present day. The use of
visual material has been expanded, and updated maps illustrate
historical developments throughout the Viking Age. The English
translations of Norse texts, many of them new to this collection,
are straightforward and easily accessible, while chapter
introductions contextualize the readings.
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