The concepts of territory and territoriality are analysed on the basis of anthropological and archaeological data. It is assumed that territory and territoriality are more complex concepts than simple space occupation. For the case of Egypt in the Old Kingdom, the author of this volume considers different variables related to the ideology and to the socio-political and economic systems of the Egyptian state. Its consolidation, the royal power legitimisation and that of the elite, and the socio-political and economic system are here considered from their unification in the Early Dynastic period, to the Old Kingdom, when the state expanded and its political and ideological maturity was achieved.

The temple of Queen Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari at Luxor is one of the most fascinating architectural monuments of Ancient Egypt. It has been explored and reconstructed by Polish archaeologists for several decades and the present volume is the most recent result of these activities. The author tracks the history of the sanctuary in the Ptolemaic and Roman periods when it housed a lively cult of two Ancient Egyptian 'saints', the deified sages Amenhotep son of Hapu and Imhotep. The book contains the complete edition of Greek sources connected to this cult, including 320 inscriptions left by pilgrims on the walls of the temple, as well as several ostraca and votive monuments. On the basis of this material, different aspects of the cult are discussed in a synthetic part of the book. These include: the topography of the cult and its history; gods worshipped in the temple; forms of the cult; the economic side of the cult; and, the visitors of the temple. The study closes with a chapter devoted to Deir el-Bahari in the Late Antique period when the place was frequented by a pagan corporation of ironworkers from Hermonthis.

The Oxford Illustrated History of the Holy Land covers the 3,000 years which saw the rise of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam-and relates the familiar stories of the sacred texts with the fruits of modern scholarship. Beginning with the origins of the people who became the Israel of the Bible, it follows the course of the ensuing millennia down to the time when the Ottoman Empire succumbed to British and French rule at the end of the First World War. Parts of the story, especially as known from the Bible, will be widely familiar. Less familiar are the ways in which modern research, both from archaeology and from other ancient sources, sometimes modify this story historically. Better understanding, however, enables us to appreciate crucial chapters in the story of the Holy Land, such as how and why Judaism developed in the way that it did from the earlier sovereign states of Israel and Judah and the historical circumstances in which Christianity emerged from its Jewish cradle. Later parts of the story are vital not only for the history of Islam and its relationships with the two older religions, but also for the development of pilgrimage and religious tourism, as well as the notions of sacred space and of holy books with which we are still familiar today. From the time of Napoleon on, European powers came increasingly to develop both cultural and political interest in the region, culminating in the British and French conquests which carved out the modern states of the Middle East. Sensitive to the concerns of those for whom the sacred books of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are of paramount religious authority, the authors all try sympathetically to show how historical information from other sources, as well as scholarly study of the texts themselves, enriches our understanding of the history of the region and its prominent position in the world's cultural and intellectual history.

In this study the author approaches the realm of private religion in Egypt some 3,300 years ago. The two broad research questions that frame this study are: What was the structure of the private religious landscape at Amarna (Central Egypt, on the Nile), and what were the ideas that shaped this landscape? The starting point is a corpus of objects and structures from settlement remains at one site, Amarna, the location of Egypts capital for a brief period (c.350 330 BCE) towards the end of the Eighteenth Dynasty.

The Egyptian Collection at Norwich Castle Museum represents the first full publication of this important collection which contains several outstanding objects. Part 1 begins with an outline of the acquisition history of the Egyptian collection and its display within Norwich Castle in 1894, when it was converted from a prison to a museum. The collection was largely acquired between the nineteenth and first part of the twentieth centuries. Its most prominent donor was Flaxman Spurrell, whose varied collection of flints, faience beads and necklaces as well as Late Antique cloths was obtained from Sir Flinders Petrie. Also prominent was the Norwich-based Colman family, most notable for its manufacture of mustard, whose collection was purchased in Egypt during the late-C19. Also included in this part are essays on several of the museum's outstanding items - Ipu's shroud, a rare early 18th Dynasty example with fragments also held in Cairo; the 22nd Dynasty finely decorated and well-preserved cartonnage and wooden lid of the priest, Ankh-hor; and the exceptional model granary of Nile clay painted with lively scenes, one showing the owner, Intef, playing senet. Part 2 is a detailed catalogue of the complete collection. It is organised into sections with objects grouped together mainly according to type - stelae, shabtis, scarabs, jewellery, amulets, vessels, flints, lamps, inscribed Book of the Dead fragments, metal figurines, and Late Antique cloths; and also according to function - such as cosmetics& grooming, and architectural & furniture elements. The inscribed materials have all been translated and individual entries give examples or parallels. Seventy colour plates illustrate each object.

This book presents a new analysis of the organization, structure and changes of the pharaonic state through three millennia of its history. Moreno Garcia sheds new light on this topic by bringing to bear recent developments in state theory and archaeology, especially comparative study of the structure of ancient states and empires. The role played by pharaonic Egypt in new studies often reiterates old views about the stability, conservatism and 'exceptionalism' of Egyptian kingship, which supposedly remained the same across the Bronze and Iron Ages. Ancient Egypt shared many parallels with other Bronze and Iron Age societies as can be shown by an analysis of the structure of the state, of the limits of royal power, of the authority of local but neglected micro-powers (such as provincial potentates and wealthy non-elite), and of the circulation and control of wealth. Furthermore, Egypt experienced deep changes in its social, economic, political and territorial organization during its history, thus making the land of the pharaohs an ideal arena in which to test applications of models of governments and to define the dynamics that rule societies on the longue duree. When seen through these new perspectives, the pharaonic monarchies appear less exceptional than previously thought, and more dependent on the balance of power, on their capacity to control the kingdom's resources and on the changing geopolitical conditions of their time.

This volume serves as a catalog and handbook for the description for Pan-Grave ceramics, and that considers the Pan-Grave tradition and its ceramic production within the broader socio-cultural framework of Ancient Egypt and Nubia during the mid-Second Millennium BC.

This volume completes the presentation of all University College London's Lahun papyri. Over half of the great mass of papyrus fragments retrieved by Petrie from the Middle-Kingdom town-site near al-Lahun (Fayum region) comprises administrative records and the authors have divided the analyses into items for which Petrie-Griffith lot numbers are known, items for which Petrie-Griffith lot numbers are not known, and items of less determinate content not included in other series. The work includes a CD showing colour photographs of the original material.

Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

This work examines in detail a specific group of inscribed material from the Memphite necropolis. The material dates to the late Old Kingdom- Herakleopolitan Period, and comes from tombs belonging to officials of various ranks and social standing. Some of the stelae and other inscribed fragments, offering tables, side pieces, and blocks have been published, while others are looked at here for the first time. This book, however, is the first work to bring all this material together as comprehensively as possible in order to fully assess its extent and importance. It investigates the distribution of the Herakleopolitan Period cemeteries in the vast necropolis of Memphis; analyses each individual cemetery and its development through this period; and explores the architectural remains of the chapels of the period to cast light on their design. A major focus is the examination of the tomb stelae, their orientation, development, and their inscriptions...

Contents: Egypt on its Way to an Early State: The Nile Delta and the Valley (Tatjana A. Sherkova); Ancient Memphis and the Helleno-Roman World: A Short Note (Galina A. Belova); Among the Hidden Treasures of the National Archaeological Museum in Athens: Searching for Forgotten Mummies (Amanda-Alice Maravelia); Les Figurines Obscenes de la Collection Egyptienne du Musee Municipal de Limoges (Ashraf Alexandre Sadek); From the History of Archaeology: The Destruction of the Late Antiquity Necropolises in Egypt reconsidered (Maya Mueller); Knowledge Engineering at the Russian Institute for Egyptology in Cairo and at the CES/RAS, Moscow (Edward Loring); The Shifting Foundation of Ancient Chronology (Leo Depuydt); Sothic Dates in Egyptian Chronology (Anne-Sophie Goddio-von Bomhard); Looped Pile Weaves at the Benaki cation of Techniques and the Technology Museum: More Observations on the Classi of Textiles (Sophia Tsourinaki); Origins of the Sd-Festival: On the History of a Hypothesis (Alexej A. Krol).

The author's aim is to present a study which determines the role of a chantress in ancient Egypt. Although both men and women were known to hold the title, it is the women that form the focus of this study. The number of people that held the title of chantress, and a previous lack of research means a relatively large proportion of the population of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate period have been neglected, owing to the lesser status of the position compared to more high-ranking, and thus well-researched titles. This study offers an impression of the chantress as a more diverse title than has previously been imagined, taking into account and defining the differences between musical and linguistic roles.

This is the first report on survey work and excavations carried out by the Sudan Antiquitites Service, supported by UNESCO, between 1960 and 1963 in the northernmost region of Sudanese Nubia, an area threatened by dam construction. William Adams describes the study area, the methodology of the work carried out there, its objectives and priorities, and previous work undertaken. What follows is essentially a catalogue of some of the 262 sites recorded and investigated (which included sites dating from the Neolithic to early modern period), focusing here on those of Meroitic and Ballana age. The descriptions are arranged according to site type - monumental, habitation, other non-mortuary sites, mortuary sites - and location, from north to south.

Like many European Jews, Sam Iwry began his life in Poland, but at the age of ten fled with his family to Russia before World War I. At age 29, Iwry was forced to flee again - this time from the Soviets - and ended up in Shanghai, China, joining 20,000 Jewish refugees who were there. The story of the Diaspora caused by the Holocaust is well-known, but the Far Eastern dimension has come to light only very recently. Iwry is a magnificent storyteller who not only brings the harrowing details of flight and survival into vivid detail, but he is also an historian who deliberately places his own experiences into much wider context. This oral history sheds light on Jewish life in Eastern Europe during the inter-war period, the search for a safe haven from Nazis and Soviets, daily life in the Shanghai ghetto, and emigration to America. Iwry's story is both representative of the Jewish experience and also completely unique.

Subtitled The value and limitations of zooarchaeological analyses', this volume attempts to describe the effects of the adoption of domesticated species of cattle, sheep, goat and pig on social structure in three key areas of Egypt: the eastern and western deserts, the Delta and the Nile Valley. A descriptive (rather than explanatory) predictive model was created based on economic and social production noted in modern societies using the same species under similiar environmental conditions. This was then applied to the case study to determine why certain food production strategies were used in the formative period before the emergence of the first unified Egyptian state, what factors may have governed it, and what impact this had on Egyptian society.

Nefertiti, her image forever frozen in the now famous limestone bust, has been hailed as one of the most beautiful and fascinating women of all time.

At a young age Nefertiti married Akhenaten, the enigmatic ruler of the most powerful kingdom of the Bronze Age world. By the age of thirty, Nefertiti had given birth to six daughters and achieved a position of enormous influence as mother-goddess and the living symbol of fertility within the perfect family. Together, she and the king presided over the magnificent Egyptian court of Amarna, acknowledged to be the centre of the civilized world. Then suddenly she disappeared from the official records of the times. Her death and the whereabouts of her body remain a mystery.

In this fascinating tale of detection Joyce Tyldesley draws on evidence from archaeological remains, historical documents and art of the period, to explore beyond the myths and offer illuminating insights into the life and times of the much-loved sun queen and the dazzling court of Akhenaten at Amarna.

By day, young Gilbert Bagnani studied archaeology in Greece, but by night he socialised with the elite of Athenian society. Secretly writing for the Morning Post in London, he witnessed both antebellum Athens in 1921 and the catastrophic collapse of Christian civilisation in western Anatolia in 1922. While there have been many accounts by refugees of the disastrous flight from Smyrna, few have been written from the perspective of the west side of the Aegean. The flood of a million refugees to Greece brought in its wake a military coup in Athens, the exile of the Greek royal family and the execution or imprisonment of politicians, whom Gilbert knew. Gilbert’s weekly letters to his mother in Rome reveal his Odyssey-like adventures on a voyage of discovery through the origins of western civilisation. As an archaeologist in Greece, he travelled through time seeing history repeat itself: Minoan Knossos, Byzantine Constantinople and Ottoman Smyrna were all violently destroyed, but the survivors escaped to the new worlds of Mycenaean Greece, Renaissance Venice and modern Greece. At Smyrna in the twentieth century, history was written not only by the victors but was also recorded by the victims. At the same time, however, the twentieth century itself was so filled with reports of ethnic cleansings on such a scale that the reports brutalized the humanity of the supposedly civilized people reading about them, and the tragedy of Smyrna disappeared from public awareness between the cataclysmic upheavals of the First and Second World Wars.

Excavations of Predynastic and early Dynastic cemeteries in Abydos revealed examples of cylinder seal impressions which depicted geometric symbols, rows of animals and single figures or objects, such as boats or birds. This detailed study focuses on finds from each tomb complex in turn before Hill places these objects in their cultural context, assessing the significance of seals as magical objects, as works of art and as administrative tools. The volume goes on to consider comparative examples from Nubia and parallels in Mesopotamia where the use of seals was far more widespread during this period. Finally, Hill considers the function of seals, what they were sealing and what this reveals about foreign trade.

This detailed study of warfare in early Egypt is firmly based on the material evidence of weapons discovered on prehistoric and Early Dynastic sites as well as the earliest images of hunting or warfare. The weapons, which mainly comprise Paleolithic and Neolithic daggers, maces, arrowheads, spears, staffs, clubs and slings, made from stone, flint, wood, bone and ivory, are considered alongside the evidence of human remains with signs of violent injuries. Finally, Gilbert draws conclusions about early Egyptian warrior society, warfare and hunting rituals and the role of warfare in Egyptian state formation. Includes a corpus of weapons.

Following a successful inaugural event at the University of Oxford and an expanded second at the University of Liverpool, the Third Symposium for Current Research in Egyptology was held in December 2001, at the University of Birmingham. The symposium was again successful in bringing together UK-based graduate students of Egyptology to provide an opportunity to disseminate the results of their research. It also served to encourage communication between an otherwise disparate group of students spread across the various Egyptological institutions throughout the country. Indeed, speakers came from nine different institutions and the papers presented illustrated well the broad range of topics currently being studied throughout the United Kingdom. T he topics of the 9 featured papers include: The Lotus Roborn: the creation and distribution of the Description de L'Egypte; The arrival of the horse in Egypt: new approaches and a hypothesis; Aspects of the Hyksos' role in Egyptian society from the artistic evidence; Some thoughts on the social organisation of dockyards during the new kingdom; Egyptian blue: where, when, how?; The specialness of science: it's all in the mind; Crossing the night: the depiction of mythological landscapes in the Am Duat of the New Kingdom Royal Necropolis; Trends in burial evidence: evaluating expectations for the regional and temporal distribution of mortuary behaviour in Predynastic Egypt; Representations of Hathor and Mut in the Hibis temple.

An international team of historians, archaeologists and biblical scholars discuss new perspectives on the archaeology, history and biblical traditions of ancient Jerusalem and examine their ethical, literary, historical and theological relationships. Essays range from a discussion of the Hellenization of Jerusalem in the time of Herod to an examination of its identity and myth on the Internet, while Thomas L. Thompson's informed Introduction queries whether a true history of ancient Jerusalem and Palestine can in fact ever be written. Contributors include: Thomas L. Thompson, Michael Prior, Niels Peter Lemche, Margreet Steiner, Sara Mandell, John Strange, Firas Sawwah, Lester Grabbe, Philip Davies, Thomas M. Bolin, Ingrid Hjelm, David Gunn and Keith Whitelam.

The definitive story of the recent discovery of the first-century ossuary (limestone bone box) with the legend 'James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus', & it's implications for understanding Jesus, his family, his followers, the first Christians and the Jewish Christian movement in Jerusalem that was led by James.

Between the 6th and 4th centuries BC, Phoenician workshops produced green jasper scarabs which demonstrated both Greek and Persian influences. This volume presents a fully illustrated catalogue of examples drawn from across the area of Phoenician influence, including Spain, Sardinia, North Africa and theEastern Mediterranean. The scarabs, which are held in collections worldwide, are catalogued according to their cultural influences: Egyptian, Levantine, Hellenistic and miscellaneous. Within each of these four groups the scarabs are organised iconographically, with scenes including beetles, boats, birds, gods, fantastic creatures, warriors and kings, chariots, trees and animal attacks. John Boardman's introduction discusses the style, function and source material of the scarabs and the location of the workshops.