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Books > Law > Other areas of law > Military law & courts martial
Why is the 1979 the Court of Justice judgment in Cassis de Dijon so
famous and so significant in the evolution of EU trade law?. As
this landmark judgment approaches middle age, this book revisits
this decision with the benefit of hindsight: why did the Court of
Justice decide Cassis de Dijon as it did? How has the decision been
developed by the EU? And, looking forward, how has the decision
been used to develop international trade? This book brings together
some of the leading writers in the field of EU trade law,
constitutional law and European history for a fresh examination of
this ground-breaking judgment, looking at it from the perspective
of its past (who, what and why); its present (is it making a
difference?); and its future (how does it fit in international
trade agreements).
Today more than one hundred small, asymmetric, and revolutionary
wars are being waged around the world. This book provides
invaluable tools for fighting such wars by taking enemy
perspectives into consideration. The third volume of a trilogy by
Max G. Manwaring, it continues the arguments the author presented
in Insurgency, Terrorism, and Crime and Gangs, Pseudo-Militaries,
and Other Modern Mercenaries. Using case studies, Manwaring
outlines vital survival lessons for leaders and organizations
concerned with national security in our contemporary world. The
insurgencies Manwaring describes span the globe. Beginning with
conflicts in Algeria in the 1950s and 1960s and El Salvador in the
1980s, he goes on to cover the Shining Path and its resurgence in
Peru, Al Qaeda in Spain, popular militias in Cuba, Haiti, and
Brazil, the Russian youth group Nashi, and drugs and politics in
Guatemala, as well as cyber warfare. Large, wealthy, well-armed
nations such as the United States have learned from experience that
these small wars and insurgencies do not resemble traditional wars
fought between geographically distinct nation-state adversaries by
easily identified military forces. Twenty-first-century irregular
conflicts blur traditional distinctions among crime, terrorism,
subversion, insurgency, militia, mercenary and gang activity, and
warfare. Manwaring's multidimensional paradigm offers military and
civilian leaders a much needed blueprint for achieving strategic
victories and ensuring global security now and in the future. It
combines military and police efforts with politics, diplomacy,
economics, psychology, and ethics. The challenge he presents to
civilian and military leaders is to take probable enemy
perspectives into consideration, and turn resultant conceptions
into strategic victories.
This book explores a disciplinary matrix for the study of the law
and governance concerning mining and minerals from a global
perspective. The book considers the key challenges of achieving the
goals of Agenda 2030 and the transition to low-carbon circular
economies. The perspective encompasses the multi-faceted and highly
complex interaction of multiple fields of international law and
policy, soft law and standards, domestic laws and regulations as
well as local levels of ordering of social relations. What emerges
is a largely neglected, unsystematised and under-theorised field of
study which lies at the intersection of the global economy,
environmental sustainability, human rights and social equity. But
it also underlies the many loopholes to address at all levels, most
notably at the local level - land and land holders, artisanal
miners, ecosystems, local economies, local linkages and
development. The book calls for a truly cosmopolitan academic
discipline to be built and identifies challenges to do so. It also
sets a research agenda for further studies in this fast-changing
field.
This open access volume surveys the state of the field to examine
whether a fifth wave of deterrence theory is emerging. Bringing
together insights from world-leading experts from three continents,
the volume identifies the most pressing strategic challenges,
frames theoretical concepts, and describes new strategies. The use
and utility of deterrence in today's strategic environment is a
topic of paramount concern to scholars, strategists and
policymakers. Ours is a period of considerable strategic
turbulence, which in recent years has featured a renewed emphasis
on nuclear weapons used in defence postures across different
theatres; a dramatic growth in the scale of military cyber
capabilities and the frequency with which these are used; and rapid
technological progress including the proliferation of long-range
strike and unmanned systems. These military-strategic developments
occur in a polarized international system, where cooperation
between leading powers on arms control regimes is breaking down,
states widely make use of hybrid conflict strategies, and the
number of internationalized intrastate proxy conflicts has
quintupled over the past two decades. Contemporary conflict actors
exploit a wider gamut of coercive instruments, which they apply
across a wider range of domains. The prevalence of multi-domain
coercion across but also beyond traditional dimensions of armed
conflict raises an important question: what does effective
deterrence look like in the 21st century? Answering that question
requires a re-appraisal of key theoretical concepts and dominant
strategies of Western and non-Western actors in order to assess how
they hold up in today's world. Air Commodore Professor Dr. Frans
Osinga is the Chair of the War Studies Department of the
Netherlands Defence Academy and the Special Chair in War Studies at
the University Leiden. Dr. Tim Sweijs is the Director of Research
at The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies and a Research Fellow at
the Faculty of Military Sciences of the Netherlands Defence Academy
in Breda.
Today more than one hundred small, asymmetric, and revolutionary
wars are being waged around the world. This book provides
invaluable tools for fighting such wars by taking enemy
perspectives into consideration. The third volume of a trilogy by
Max G. Manwaring, it continues the arguments the author presented
in "Insurgency, Terrorism, and Crime" and "Gangs,
Pseudo-Militaries, and Other Modern Mercenaries." Using case
studies, Manwaring outlines vital survival lessons for leaders and
organizations concerned with national security in our contemporary
world.
The insurgencies Manwaring describes span the globe. Beginning with
conflicts in Algeria in the 1950s and 1960s and El Salvador in the
1980s, he goes on to cover the Shining Path and its resurgence in
Peru, Al Qaeda in Spain, popular militias in Cuba, Haiti, and
Brazil, the Russian youth group Nashi, and drugs and politics in
Guatemala, as well as cyber warfare.
Large, wealthy, well-armed nations such as the United States have
learned from experience that these small wars and insurgencies do
not resemble traditional wars fought between geographically
distinct nation-state adversaries by easily identified military
forces. Twenty-first-century irregular conflicts blur traditional
distinctions among crime, terrorism, subversion, insurgency,
militia, mercenary and gang activity, and warfare.
Manwaring's multidimensional paradigm offers military and civilian
leaders a much needed blueprint for achieving strategic victories
and ensuring global security now and in the future. It combines
military and police efforts with politics, diplomacy, economics,
psychology, and ethics. The challenge he presents to civilian and
military leaders is to take probable enemy perspectives into
consideration, and turn resultant conceptions into strategic
victories.
This innovative collection offers one of the first analyses of
criminologies of the military from an interdisciplinary
perspective. While some criminologists have examined the military
in relation to the area of war crimes, this collection considers a
range of other important but less explored aspects such as private
military actors, insurgents, paramilitary groups and the role of
military forces in tackling transnational crime. Drawing upon
insights from criminology, this book's editors also consider the
ways the military institution harbours criminal activity within its
ranks and deals with prisoners of war. The contributions, by
leading experts in the field, have a broad reach and take a truly
global approach to the subject.
The Third Edition of this textbook (formerly Maggs and Schenck's
Modern Military Justice) comprehensively covers the modern military
justice system of the United States under the Uniform Code of
Military Justice. It has been updated to address significant
changes made in the 2019 Manual for Courts-Martial, the Military
Justice Act of 2016, and other recent legislation. The materials
included come from every Service within the Armed Forces and show
how the military justice system addresses criminal offenses,
ranging from minor infractions to serious offenses such as the
misconduct of soldiers at Abu Ghraib prison. The text covers the
jurisdiction of courts-martial; sources of military law; the role
of judge advocates; military offenses and defenses; pre-trial,
trial, and appellate military justice (criminal) procedures;
nonjudicial punishment and other alternatives to courts-martial;
expanding military justice including trial of civilians by
courts-martial; the relationship of courts-martial to state and
federal courts; and much more. All chapters include policy
questions about currently controversial issues. The text is
appropriate for all students, whether or not they have had prior
military experience.
The military plays an important role in nation-building and
national security. Notwithstanding special requirements of military
life, the members of the armed forces should enjoy the rights
guaranteed in the Constitution and other relevant international
human rights treaties which India has ratified to the extent that
those rights are available to other citizens of the country. The
guarantee of a fair trial should apply to all proceedings under the
military legal system, including summary trial and summary systems
of court martial. The government must ensure the economic, social,
and cultural rights of military personnel including housing,
medical care, education, free legal aid and social security.
Derogations of the Fundamental Rights under Article 33 should not
be carried so far as to create a class of citizens who are not
entitled to the benefits of the liberal interpretation of the
Constitution. This book is aimed at all those who are involved in
promoting, protecting, and enforcing the rights of not only the
members of the armed forces, but also the other forces engaged in
the security of the country. It will of relevance to
parliamentarians, government officials, military authorities and
members of the civil society who have a stake in the armed forces.
Soldiers found guilty of desertion or cowardice during the Great
War
faced death by firing squad. In this revealing look at military law
in
the Canadian Expeditionary Force, historian Teresa Iacobelli
examines
the cases of 25 Canadian soldiers who were executed by their
own
military as well as the untold stories of the 197 men who
were
sentenced to death but spared.
"Death or Deliverance" - the first book to
consider commuted sentences alongside cases that ended in
tragic
executions - offers a nuanced account of military law in the
Great War. Novels, histories, movies, and television series
often
depict courts martial as brutal and inflexible, and social memories
of
this system of frontline justice have inspired modern movements to
seek
pardons for soldiers executed on the battlefield. Beyond
well-known
stories of unyielding and callous generals, however, lies
another
story, one of a disciplinary system capable of thoughtful review
and
compassion for the individual soldier.
Published to coincide with the centennial anniversary of
the
outbreak of the First World War, this book reconsiders an important
and
unexamined chapter in the history of both a war and a nation.
Teresa Iacobelli received a doctorate in
2010 from the University of Western Ontario and is a SSHRC
postdoctoral fellow. Her current research examines how the two
world
wars have been portrayed in popular media and how these depictions
have
shaped Canadian identity and social memories of war.
The American military's public international strategy of Communist
containment, systematic weapons build-ups, and military occupations
across the globe depended heavily on its internal and often less
visible strategy of controlling the lives and intimate
relationships of its members. From 1950 to 2000, the military
justice system, under the newly instituted Uniform Code of Military
Justice, waged a legal assault against all forms of sexual deviance
that supposedly threatened the moral fiber of the military
community and the nation. Prosecution rates for crimes of sexual
deviance more than quintupled in the last quarter of the twentieth
century. Drawing on hundreds of court-martial transcripts published
by the Judge Advocate General of the Armed Forces, Policing Sex and
Marriage in the American Military explores the untold story of how
the American military justice system policed the marital and sexual
relationships of the service community in an effort to normalize
heterosexual, monogamous marriage as the linchpin of the military's
social order. Almost wholly overlooked by military, social, and
legal historians, these court transcripts and the stories they tell
illustrate how the courts' construction and criminalization of
sexual deviance during the second half of the twentieth century was
part of the military's ongoing articulation of gender ideology.
Policing Sex and Marriage in the American Military provides an
unparalleled window into the historic criminalization of what were
considered sexually deviant and violent acts committed by U.S.
military personnel around the world from 1950 to 2000.
This textbook gives an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of the
law of armed conflict or international humanitarian law. The author
has traced the history of the laws of war and examined their
relations with human rights and refugee laws. The topics covered
include protection to the victims of war: prisoners, civilians,
women, children, journalists, the natural environment and cultural
property. The book contains an updated account of the functioning
of the International Criminal Court, and explores the concept of
command responsibility, as well as the area of private military and
security companies. Besides discussing the law during air and naval
warfare, the author has critically examined certain challenges
which humanitarian law is facing today from cyber warfare; drones,
autonomous lethal weapons and nuclear weapons. This textbook is an
invaluable resource for anyone interested or working in the field
of international humanitarian law: teachers, students, lawyers,
government officials, military and police personnel, researchers
and human rights activists.
This book provides academics and lay persons with Kafkaesque
readings of our memories of the 2007 Nisour Square shootings in
Iraq. The author uses critical analyses of the rise of Blackwater,
support for private security firms and private contracting,
prosecutorial and defense preparations and the 2014 jury trial to
argue that most observers have drastically underestimated the
groundswell of support that existed for Erik Prince and many other
defenders of military or security outsourcing. This book puts on
display the cultural, legal, and political difficulties that
confronted those who wanted to try former Blackwater security
guards in the name of belated social justice.
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