In dem etablierten Standardwerk zur Schmerzpsychologie und -psychotherapie geben die renommierten Herausgeber und Autoren sowohl eine Einfuhrung in die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen und Konzepte als auch einen UEberblick uber bereits etablierte und in der Entwicklung befindlichen Behandlungskonzepte. Damit foerdert das Werk das Verstandnis fur die schmerztherapeutische Praxis und ist hervorragend geeignet fur die schmerzpsychotherapeutische Fort- und Weiterbildung.Die 8. Auflage wurde grundlegend uberarbeitet und wird von den Ausbildungskommissionen der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Schmerztherapie e.V. und der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur psychologische Schmerztherapie und -forschung empfohlen.

Many spiritual caregivers, including chaplains, spiritual directors and clergy, are unaware of how they can support people with chronic health conditions. This book combines insights on chronic illness with spiritual care skills and suggestions to enhance well-being for people living with long-term illness. Using a narrative approach, the author reflects on the stories of two women - Dorothy from The Wizard of Oz, who travels from Kansas (a state of health) to Oz (an illness experience), alongside the author's personal experiences of managing an incurable autoimmune disease. Chapters will include guidelines and exercises that help equip caregivers to facilitate healing with people who live with long-term health conditions.

This book covers sensation in all major components of the pelvic region. The small pelvis is containing many different structures and viscera, and sensations elicited there are important for regulating a normal daily life and for warning that something is going wrong. The sensory system is driving in many aspects the motor activity, and precedes and guides the efferent functions. It is surprising that in the last 60 years the ratio between research and publications about sensory versus motor has gradually become less. There has been undoubtedly a rise in the number of publications written on pelvic sensation but in the same time the number of manuscripts on motor function have increased more. It is the hope that this compilation of most data available on sensation will be of interest for the reader, will incite to perform more research so that an important part of pelvic functional diagnosis and treatment modalities will use the whole of the mechanisms available. The book is intended for all interested in pelvic functions and the interactions between the different structures, specialists in urology, gastroenterology, sexuality, pain, pelvic floor function and dysfunction, paediatricians and geriatricians, neurologists, students and those in training . The reader will find interesting and challenging information, and suggestions for further research.

One might think working as a physician would lead to disrespect for the human body. After all, most of the bodies we see are broken or malfunctioning in some way. In my case, however, the opposite is true. My practice as a pain specialist (particularly chronic pain) has drawn me into areas beyond the usual options for medical treatment. In the process, that has led to a fascination with the human brain and its myriad properties. I think it's safe to say that most of us take our brains for granted. If we think about them at all, it's in terms of comparative mental accomplishment (in our prime of life) or dysfunction (beyond our prime). Rarely do we stand in awe of all that this eight-pound organ does for us. With this book, I'm hoping to do my part to change that. The focus is on the brain's relationship with pain, but discussing that opens a door to broader considerations. Meanwhile, the potential readership is literally universal -- all of us have brains, and almost all of us (except for those with a rare condition described in the book) have felt pain. What most of us may not realize is that research into the causes of pain began thousands of years ago. The ancient Egyptians pondered the question, and Greek philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato, and Galen made it an important part of their overall philosophies. Hippocrates was laying the foundation for modern brain and pain study as early as the late fifth century and other scientific icons, such as Rene Descartes and Charles Sherrington, built on what he had discovered and postulated. By the 20th century, some new revelation about pain and its possible treatment was being reported in the scientific journals nearly every month. That has only accelerated over the past few years, which makes the study of the brain and pain one of the livelier medical specialties. Meanwhile, there has been a significant change in the attitude toward pain by 20th century physicians, researchers and hospital personnel. Previously, pain was simply linked to whatever condition might be afflicting a patient, leading to the belief that when that condition was cured or managed, the pain would automatically disappear. Now, though, it has become apparent that pain might be more than just a symptom. In some cases, it becomes a condition all to itself. Since pain is literally a product of the brain, which announces it after being warned by a small army of nocioceptors stationed throughout the body, it is also open to glitches in that process. Chronic pain often occurs when the brain "remembers" pain, even though the condition that caused it may have been dealt with. This book has a clinical core, but I have broadened the scope to include not only research history but touch on several peripheral issuers involving pain. That includes a chapter on masochism and congenital insensitivity to pain, another on the opioid epidemic.

Ein Leben ohne Schmerzen - der Wunschtraum vieler leidgeplagter Schmerzpatienten, fur die Schmerz zum Alltag gehoert und sich in den Mittelpunkt des Lebens drangt. Der erste Abschnitt des Buches vermittelt theoretisches Wissen zum Thema Schmerz und Somatoforme Stoerungen inkl. DSM-V Klassifikation und beschreibt die wichtigsten Krankheitsbilder. Im zweiten Abschnitt des Buches schildern die Autorinnen sowohl die schul-als auch komplementarmedizinische Schmerztherapie und psychotherapeutische Moeglichkeiten in ihrer Vielfaltigkeit, aber auch Gemeinsamkeit. Interdisziplinar und multimodal sollen nicht Schlagwoerter bleiben, sondern ein Konzept darstellen, das mit Menschlichkeit, Fachkompetenz und bewertungsfreier Zusammenarbeit aller Beteiligten, Patienten individuell hilft, ein erfulltes Leben zu fuhren. Patienten, fur die es keine Moeglichkeit der Besserung oder Heilung gibt, haben in diesem Konzept ein Recht auf Wurde, menschliche Begleitung und ausreichende Schmerzbehandlung mit Hilfe aller zur Verfugung stehenden Methoden.

Ethical issues facing anesthesiologists are more far-reaching than those involving virtually any other medical specialty. In this clinical ethics textbook, authors from across the USA, Canada and Europe draw on ethical principles and practical knowledge to provide a realistic understanding of ethical anesthetic practice. The result is a compilation of expert opinion and international perspectives from clinical leaders in anesthesiology. Building on real-life, case-based problems, each chapter is clinically focused and addresses both practical and theoretical issues. Topics include general operating room care, pediatric and obstetrical patient care, the intensive care unit, pain practice, research and publication, as well as discussions of lethal injection, disclosure of errors, expert witness testimony, triage in disaster and conflicts of interest with industry. An important reference tool for any anesthesiologist, whether clinical or research-oriented, this book is especially valuable for physicians involved in teaching residents and students about the ethical aspects of anesthesia practice.

Fibromyalgia is a painful, chronic condition which can result in symptoms such as fatigue, pain, insomnia, IBS or depression.

However debilitating your symptoms, eating the right foods can stimulate healing at a fundamental level. The Fibromyalgia Healing Diet gives nutritional advice based on sound research on how to address dietary imbalances, including information about osteoporosis, the importance of vitamin D, and the correct balance of carbohydrates, protein and fat for people with fibromyalgia.

The author writes as someone with fibromyalgia, and this book explains exactly what it means to have the condition, as well as why diet is such an important aspect of treatment. There is advice on essential nutrients and on substances to avoid as well as supplements to help. There is a simple, achievable detox programme and a wealth of delicious, easy to cook recipes to help you treat the cause of the condition, not just the symptoms, and to reclaim your life.

Eine adaquate Therapie von Schmerzen bei Kindern, egal welchen Alters, stellt die beste Pravention von chronischen Schmerzen dar. Lesen Sie in dem Standardwerk zum Thema nach, wie Sie gezielt die Therapie gestalten koennen: - Aktuelle Erkenntnisse zum Schmerzgeschehen bei Kindern, deren Schmerzwahrnehmung und -verarbeitung, - Moeglichkeiten zur Schmerzanamnese, medikamentoesen Therapie und psychologischen Intervention, - Hinweise zur speziellen Pflege inkl. alternativer Pflegemethoden, - Ambulante und stationare multimodale Schmerztherapie. Die 5. Auflage erscheint komplett aktualisiert und fachlich erweitert. Neu sind die Themen Gesprachsfuhrung bei chronisch schmerzkranken Kindern und Jugendlichen, Qualitatssicherung in der postoperativen Schmerztherapie, Therapie chronischer Schmerzen bei jungen Erwachsenen und mehr. Plus: Online-Zusatzmaterial u.a. mit zusatzlichen Informationen zur Fort- und Weiterbildung. Wissenschaftlich fundiert und praktisch anwendbar: Zahlreiche Tabellen, Fragebogen und Dokumentationshilfen zu Medikamentendosierungen, UEberwachungsbogen, Adressen von Websites und Selbsthilfegruppen. Ein idealer Begleiter fur alle Mitglieder im therapeutischen Team: Padiater, Anasthesisten, Schmerztherapeuten, Physiologen, Psychologen und Kinderkrankenschwestern.

The second edition of Atlas of Image-Guided Spinal Procedures features a highly visual atlas format to illustrate exactly how to perform each technique. This medical reference walks you through each procedure, step-by-step, to safely and efficiently relieve patients' pain. This book presents an algorithmic, image-guided approach for each technique; trajectory view (demonstrates fluoroscopic "setup"); multiplanar confirmation views (AP, lateral, oblique); and "safety view" (what should be avoided during injection), along with optimal and suboptimal contrast patterns. Each fluoroscopic and ultrasound chapter also has the same "voice" so it is easy to follow. Safely and efficiently relieve your patients' pain with consistent, easy-to-follow chapters that guide you through each technique. Presents an algorithmic, image-guided approach for each technique: trajectory view (demonstrates fluoroscopic "setup"); multiplanarconfirmation views (AP, lateral, oblique); and "safety view" (what should be avoided during injection), along with optimal and suboptimal contrast patterns. Special chapters on Needle Techniques, Procedural Safety, Fluoroscopic and Ultrasound Imaging Pearls, Radiation Safety, and L5-S1 Disc Access provide additional visual instruction. View drawings of radiopaque landmarks and key radiolucent anatomy that cannot be viewed fluoroscopically. Videos including procedural "set-up" and optimal and suboptimal constrast flow are available in the Expert Consult eBook version. Includes new unique and diagrams demonstrating cervical, thoracic and lumbar radiofrequency probe placement and treatment zones on multiplanar views, as well as new unique tables and examples differentiating between optimal and suboptimal epidural contrast flow Features new coverage of ultrasound techniques, as well as new presentation of procedures for "spine masqueraders" such as the hip and shoulder. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to access and search all of the text, figures, images, videos, and references from the book on a variety of devices

Now on Netflix as a 4-part documentary series! "Pollan keeps you turning the pages . . . cleareyed and assured." -New York Times A #1 New York Times Bestseller, New York Times Book Review 10 Best Books of 2018, and New York Times Notable Book A brilliant and brave investigation into the medical and scientific revolution taking place around psychedelic drugs--and the spellbinding story of his own life-changing psychedelic experiences When Michael Pollan set out to research how LSD and psilocybin (the active ingredient in magic mushrooms) are being used to provide relief to people suffering from difficult-to-treat conditions such as depression, addiction and anxiety, he did not intend to write what is undoubtedly his most personal book. But upon discovering how these remarkable substances are improving the lives not only of the mentally ill but also of healthy people coming to grips with the challenges of everyday life, he decided to explore the landscape of the mind in the first person as well as the third. Thus began a singular adventure into various altered states of consciousness, along with a dive deep into both the latest brain science and the thriving underground community of psychedelic therapists. Pollan sifts the historical record to separate the truth about these mysterious drugs from the myths that have surrounded them since the 1960s, when a handful of psychedelic evangelists inadvertently catalyzed a powerful backlash against what was then a promising field of research. A unique and elegant blend of science, memoir, travel writing, history, and medicine, How to Change Your Mind is a triumph of participatory journalism. By turns dazzling and edifying, it is the gripping account of a journey to an exciting and unexpected new frontier in our understanding of the mind, the self, and our place in the world. The true subject of Pollan's "mental travelogue" is not just psychedelic drugs but also the eternal puzzle of human consciousness and how, in a world that offers us both suffering and joy, we can do our best to be fully present and find meaning in our lives.

Dr. Stephen Krau, Consulting Editor of Critical Care Nursing Clinics, is stepping into the Guest Editor role, with colleague Dr. Maria Overstreet, to address the topic of pain management in the critically ill. The review articles in this issue will provide an up-to-date look at the current strategies to improve patient outcomes in pain management for those patients in the ICU. Top authors will be writing on the following topics: Physiology of Pain; Classifications of Pain; Current Trends in Pain Assessment; Spiritual Aspects of Pain; Pharmacologic Interventions for Pain Management; Non-Alliopathic Interventions for the Management of Pain; Pain Associated with Chest Tube Removal; Discomfort Associated with Respiratory Issues; Pain Management in Obstetrics; Technological Interventions for Acute Pain Management; Pain Management Services and Policy; and Management of Chronic Cardiac Angina. Readers will come away with the current knowledge in this important field.

Essential Notes in Pain Medicine provides a comprehensive review of pain medicine for clinical practice and postgraduate exam preparation. Mapped to the syllabus for the Fellowship of the Faculty of Pain Medicine of the Royal College of Anaesthetists (FFPMRCA)this resource ensures readers have all the information needed in one place. Written by a multidisciplinary team of over 70 international contributors, this resource provides high-quality, up-to-date guidance on 247 topics such as pain assessment, pain physiology, pain interventions, the role of psychology and physiotherapy and many more. Information is presented in concise note form with bullet points, tables, and diagrams, making retaining key facts easier and quicker. References to evidence-based guidelines and directions to further reading allow for identification of areas for further information. Drawing on the editors' expertise, Essential Notes in Pain Medicine is the ideal companion for exams and a comprehensive guide to acute, chronic, and cancer pain management for practising doctors, pain nurses, and allied health professionals.

'Combines a career's worth of expertise with a long history of pain treatment. For anyone concerned with pain treatment, or anyone who has struggled to manage pain of any kind, it's an important read.' GQ Pain is a universal human experience, but we understand very little about the mechanics behind it. We hurt ourselves, we feel pain, we seek help from a professional or learn to avoid certain behaviours that cause pain. But the story of what goes on in our body is far from simple. Even medical practitioners themselves often fail to grasp the complexities between our minds and bodies and how they interact when dealing with pain stimulus. Common conception still equates pain with tissue damage but that is only a very small part of the story - the organ which produces pain is the brain. Case studies show that a woman who has undergone a caesarean reports dramatically less pain than a patient who has had a comparably invasive operation. The soldier who drags themselves to safety after being shot deals with pain in a remarkably different way from someone suffering a similar injury on a street. The truth is that pain is a complex mix of nerve endings, psychological state, social preconceptions and situational awareness. Using case studies and medical history, Dr Lalkhen guides us through all aspects of pain, from chronic to acute, and the current landscape of pain treatments - from medication (including opioids) to electrical nerve stimulation. Whether it's a mild ache or severe discomfort, we all encounter pain in our lives and this important and illuminating book enables us to understand and cope with an experience that for so many can become all-consuming.

Trigeminal neuralgia and other cranial neuralgias comprise a group of facial pain conditions, characterised by disabling pain attacks that selectively respond to specific treatments. Although not as common migraine, they affect over 1% of the population and must be recognised and adequately treated in clinical practice. The spectrum of cranial neuralgias is wide and as a consequence the conditions are managed by a range of different specialists. Studies show that delayed diagnoses and mismanagement are common and can lead to depression and suicide. 36 recognised experts from nine countries have contributed to OPML Trigeminal Neuralgia and Other Cranial Neuralgias to guide you through the maze of pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis-making, and condition-specific treatments. The approach is practical and evidence-based and ready for real-world applications. The value of phenotyping, targeted investigations, and treatment algorithms is emphasised. The editors and contributors subscribe to the view that there needs to be a holistic approach with multidisciplinary teams working together and with patients being at the centre of this process. Psychologists and patent support groups can help to ensure that patients are managed holistically and share the decision-making process. Their involvement in the handbook has helped to emphasis this. There remain considerable challenges, but the field is rapidly evolving and there are increasing number of opportunities opening up to improve our understanding of these conditions and hence their management. The editors and contributors have included case scenarios, algorithms, self-administered tools for training in diagnosis and management, clinical tips and carefully chosen references. Each chapter includes a lay summary and key points and can be read as a stand-alone unit.

Written by world renowned researchers and clinicians in the field, Management of Neck Pain Disorders provides a comprehensive insight into the nature of neck pain disorders within a biopsychosocial context to inform clinical reasoning in the management of persons with neck pain. Emphasising a patient centred approach, this book practically applies knowledge from research to inform patient assessment and management. It also provides practical information and illustrations to assist clinicians to develop treatment programs with and for their patients with neck pain. The book covers: . Current issues and debates in the field of neck pain disorders . Research informing best practice assessment and management . Biological, psychological and social features which need to be considered when assessing and developing a management program with the patient . A multimodal conservative management approach, which addresses the presenting episode of pain as well as rehabilitation strategies towards prevention of recurrent episodes.

Dieses Buch gibt Psychologen und AErzten ein diagnostisches Instrument an die Hand, Schmerzen im Sinne einer multimodalen Schmerzdiagnostik und -therapie systematisch zu dokumentieren. MASK-P ermoeglicht einen einfachen Einstieg in die bio-psychosoziale Krankheitsperspektive bei chronischen Schmerzstoerungen: systematisch, umfassend und klinisch-anwendungsbezogen. Mit MASK-P koennen sowohl co-morbide Stoerungen (wie Depressionen oder Angsstoerungen) als auch Schmerzen verhaltensnah und mit konkreten Ansatzpunkten fur die schmerzpsychologische und schmerzmedizinische Behandlung erfasst werden. MASK-P wurde von der Deutschen Schmerzgesellschaft e.V. und der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur psychologische Schmerztherapie und -forschung (DGPSF) entwickelt und ist Bestandteil des Lernzielkatalogs in der Weiterbildung zum Schmerztherapeuten. Damit stellt es fur Psychologen und AErzte ein gut strukturiertes Nachschlagewerk fur den klinischen Alltag dar und ist in der Weiterbildung zum Schmerztherapeuten unerlasslich.

This issue of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America focuses on Orofacial Pain, and is edited by Dr. Steven Scrivani. Articles will include: Classification and Differential Diagnosis or Orofacial Pain; Psychological Assessment for Chronic Orofacial Pain; Myofascial Pain Disorders; Disorders of the Temporomandibular Joints; Headache and Orofacial Pain; Neuropathic Orofacial Pain; Burning Mouth Syndrome; Orofacial Movement Disorder; Pharmacological Management of Orofacial Pain; Behavioral Medicine for Chronic Orofacial Pain; Injection Therapy for Headache and Facial Pain; Cranial Neuralgias; Intraoral Pain Disorders, and more!

Offering a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to a complex topic, Foot and Ankle Pain Management is a first-of-its-kind reference to this commonly presenting problem. Drs. Rock G. Positano, Neel Mehta, Andrew J. Rosenbaum, and Amitabh Gulati provide authoritative clinical guidance from areas of expertise in musculoskeletal podiatry, pain medicine, physiatry, and orthopaedic surgery. This first-line resource covers relevant anatomy, pain conditions, and treatments in a well-organized, easily referenced manner-offering a complete approach to care for foot and ankle specialists, pain medicine specialists, primary care physicians, pediatricians, and other clinicians who encounter patients with foot and ankle pain. Addresses common causes of foot and ankle pain including sports-related injury, diabetes, cancer (including treatment-induced pain), arthritis, neuropathy, infectious disease, and more Covers the muscles, bones, and nervous system of relevant anatomy Describes the epidemiology, pathology, and diagnosis of each pain condition, along with appropriate treatments Includes a dedicated treatment section that covers the science and methodology of specific treatments in greater detail Ideal for clinicians in primary care, podiatry, pain medicine, physiatry, sports medicine, orthopaedics, neurology, neurosurgery, rheumatology, oncology, and pediatrics Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s),such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook,powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.

This issue of Medical Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Charles Argoff, MD is devoted to Chronic Pain Management. Dr. Argoff has assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Chronic Pain Management: An Overview of Taxonomy, Conditions Commonly Encountered, and Assessment; The Acute to Chronic Pain Transition: Can Chronic Pain Be Prevented?; What Do We Know About the Pathophysiology of Chronic Pain? Implications for Treatment Considerations; An Overview of Pharmacologic Management of Chronic Pain; An Overview of Nonmedical Treatment of Chronic Pain; Managing Chronic Headache Disorders; Managing Osteoarthritis and Other Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Disorders; Managing Neuropathic Pain; Managing Low Back and Other Spinal Pain Disorders; Exploring the Use of Chronic Opioid Therapy for Chronic Pain: When, How and for Whom?; The Role of Invasive Pain Management Modalities in the Treatment of Chronic Pain; Multimodal Management of Chronic Pain: What is the Evidence?; Managing Chronic Pain in Special Populations; and The Future of Pain Management as a Subspecialty: Meeting the Needs of the Patients We Care For.

Physiatrists design plans that not only treat chronic pain, but also the whole patient who lives with the pain. Causes of chronic pain can include arthritis, work injuries, failed back surgery, foot and ankle injuries, knee and hip injuries, neck, shoulder, and back injuries, nerve (neuropathic) pain, etc. This issue will focus on everything from assessment, to various treatment options (medications and injections), as well as rehab.

Almost half of adults in the UK suffer from chronic pain. Yet this is often unrelated to any physical injury. So why does it still hurt? Research over the last few decades shows that many of us are victims of a devilish trick of the nervous system: our brains prolong pain long after our bodies have healed from injury. This leads to hundreds of billions of pounds being spent each year on treatments that sometimes do nothing and sometimes make matters worse. Paul Biegler, a science journalist and former doctor who has been on his own pain journey, investigates the true source of chronic pain - our brain's so-called neuroplasticity - and emerging therapies that can rewire the brain and end suffering. As he knows only too well, this doesn't mean pain is all in a person's head. Pain is real, but its meaning is often misunderstood. Through conversations with scientists, doctors, and people who have overcome chronic pain, Biegler shines a light on the rigorous new studies - and emotional personal stories - that are changing the way we understand and treat pain. Most importantly, he shows how to take control over persistent pain and truly heal.

Clinics Collections: Pain Management draws from Elsevier's robust Clinics Review Articles database to provide multidisciplinary teams, including general practitioners, orthopedists, obstetricians , neurologists, gastroenterologists, nurses, and other healthcare professionals, with practical clinical advice and insights on this highly prevalent disease and its comorbidities. Clinics Collections: Pain Management guides readers on how to apply current primary research findings on pain management to everyday practice to help overcome challenges and complications, keep up with new and improved treatment methods, and improve patient outcomes. Areas of focus include physiology and general management, musculoskeletal pain of the head,neck,upper body and lower body,as well as neurologic disorders, psychologic disorders, and special considerations. Each article begins with keywords and key points for immediate access to the most critical information. Articles are presented in an easy-to-digest and concisely worded format. Elsevier Clinics Collections provide concise reviews of today's most prevalent conditions and significant medical developments. Other Clinics Collections titles available include Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Asthma, and Obesity.

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology will carry the reader through the perinatal period and examine pain management throughout that continuum. Beginning with the genetics of obstetrical pain and opioid use in pregnancy, the discussion moves to the provision of anesthesia to the mother and fetus during fetal surgery - an area of intense concern and interest in many centers. There is an extensive discussion of both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic management of pain during delivery. A discussion of regional anesthetic techniques is increasingly relevant in light of increasing evidence of adverse neurodevelopmental consequences of fetal exposure to general anesthetics and sedatives. Pain, its implications and management, are extensively covered including discussions of how to assess neonatal pain and how best to provide sedation and non-pharmacologic pain management, systemic pharmacologic, or regional techniques. Of particular interest are the reviews of the potential neurodevelopmental impact of both the treatment and the failure to adequately treat pain in the newborn. This topic is receiving an enormous amount of attention from all those who care for children as well as government and the media.

This book focuses on both the management of the pain as well as the pain patient and is formatted as a practical, evidence-based guide to managing chronic pain conditions. It meets the market need for a reference that aides physicians in understanding and improving chronic pain in their patients. Organized across 46 chapters, the book begins with an introduction on chronic pain evaluation, and specifically stresses the importance of complete patient evaluation including social and psychological evaluation. Subsequent chapters then start with an evaluation, medical and interventional options available, how and when to move from one option to another and the level of evidence offered for each intervention. These unique chapter elements provide the reader with a case-based approach to managing their patients. Additionally, a brief discussion of epidemiology and pathophysiology of the disease process is included and the technical aspects of interventional techniques are reviewed. Edited by a leader in the field with international contributing authors across pain medicine, Practical Chronic Pain Management this book is written primarily for anesthesiologists, pain specialists, rheumatologists, and primary care physicians.

The development of pain as a common experience and its treatment is very important, not only where it is caused by injury or inflammation, but also in chronic states where the nerves themselves are damaged. Even though we already know from physiological studies that special pain receptors or nociceptors are responsible for conducting pain sensations to the brain, the phenomenon of pain remains a medical and social problem. Pain relief or analgesia can be achieved using several different approaches and strategies. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most widely used analgesics. They have analgesic, antipyretic, and, at higher doses, anti-inflammatory actions. However, a few recent studies have demonstrated that in the case of their prolonged use, these non-opioid drugs elicit the opioid-like effect of tolerance, which alongside drug withdrawal syndrome may entail serious adverse effects. This book provides up-to-date review information and experimental findings concerning antinociceptive tolerance to NSAIDs. The first three chapters after the introduction are devoted to literature reviews on brain limbic areas, opioid and cannabinoid systems, and non-opioid antinociceptive tolerance. Chapters Five, Six and Seven describe research data on antinociceptive tolerance to NSAIDs and opioid and cannabinoid mechanisms of attenuation of nociceptive hyperalgesia in the cingulate cortex, insular cortex, and central amygdala. Chapters Eight, Nine and Ten include discussion, summary and conclusions, as well as a detailed description of experimental materials and methods.