Most adults take at least one prescription medication for example, for high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, depression, asthma, diabetes, COPD, or a variety of other reasons, but most people (and many healthcare providers) are totally unaware that medications can have direct negative effects on sexual functioning and performance. This informative and timely book written by three well-known medications experts explores the chemistry behind sexual arousal in men and women and clearly and authoritatively explains how the common categories of prescription and over-the-counter medications and abused substances might be the reason for their declining sexual performance or even interest.

A new generation of technological vaccines protect against many infectious diseases. This book describes synthetic peptide-based vaccine prototypes - the future of vaccination. Production of peptides becomes simple using automatic synthesizers. Peptides are weak immunogen and need adjuvants to provide an effective autoimmune response, which is why peptide antigens are conjugated with biopolymers and loaded with nanoparticles. The book illustrates the use of peptides vaccine systems and makes predictions of future development not only for infectious diseases, but also for cancers and brain diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and psychiatric diseases. Key Features Summarizes current studies on technological vaccines Describes the uses of vaccines for the prevention of brain diseases Reviews the ways different polymers are used to enhance vaccine efficacy

In this book, originally published in 1929, Lammens is primarily concerned with the problem of Mohammad's personality and prophetic career - one of the central issues of Islamic history. He argues that Mohammad's career must be considered within the context of the urban and mercantile society of seventeenth century Mecca and rejects the idea that Islam was principally the creation of a nomadic environment.

Acutely ill adults present in a variety of settings and caring for them is a key part of the nursing associate role. This book equips you with the skills and knowledge to assess the acutely ill adult and manage their care. Each chapter follows a case study of a patient presenting with an acute illness, working step-by-step through their assessment and care whilst drawing on relevant pathophysiology, pharmacology and evidence-based practice. Written in clear language specifically for the nursing associate, this is your perfect introduction to the world of acute care. Key features Fully mapped to the NMC Standards of Proficiency for Nursing Associates (2018) Introduces a range of commonly encountered acute illnesses across different body systems A unique case study approach uses real-world practice scenarios to make understanding the complex theory, pathophysiology and pharmacology much easier Focuses specifically on the requirements of the nursing associate role, helping you to develop into a confident professional practitioner

So you think you've got a handle on therapeutic management? How drugs work and interact with each other, how the body handles them and how drug treatments are assessed?
This self-assessment volume allows you to learn, revise and test yourself on all aspects of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. Four different question types are provided to test your knowledge in this important area - multiple choice questions, extended matching questions, best of fives and problem-solving questions. Detailed explanatory answers ensure this book solves your queries as well as providing essential revision for those all-important exams.
Test your knowledge with Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Questions for Self Assessment and not only develop your exam technique but become a better prescriber.

'Bad Science' hilariously exposed the tricks that quacks and journalists use to distort science, becoming a 400,000 copy bestseller. Now Ben Goldacre puts the $600bn global pharmaceutical industry under the microscope. What he reveals is a fascinating, terrifying mess. Doctors and patients need good scientific evidence to make informed decisions. But instead, companies run bad trials on their own drugs, which distort and exaggerate the benefits by design. When these trials produce unflattering results, the data is simply buried. All of this is perfectly legal. In fact, even government regulators withhold vitally important data from the people who need it most. Doctors and patient groups have stood by too, and failed to protect us. Instead, they take money and favours, in a world so fractured that medics and nurses are now educated by the drugs industry. The result: patients are harmed in huge numbers. Ben Goldacre is Britain's finest writer on the science behind medicine, and 'Bad Pharma' is the book that finally prompted Parliament to ask why all trial results aren't made publicly available - this edition has been updated with the latest news from the select committee hearings. Let the witty and indefatigable Goldacre show you how medicine went wrong, and what you can do to mend it.

Extracted from the Drug Abuse Handbook, 2nd edition, to give you just the information you need at an affordable price.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Abused Drugs is a concise and focused volume devoted to the metabolism and measurable effects of drugs on the human body. Beginning with basic concepts and models designed to provide a fundamental understanding of the subject matter, the book details the specifics of absorption, distribution, and elimination pathways and rates of commonly abused drugs. It analyzes the effects of drug use on human performance including response time, memory and recall, logical and cognitive processes, as well as physiological changes. Packed with data and comparative studies, this handy volume considers the effects of marketed and prescription medications as well as illicit drugs including opioids, cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamine, MDMA, ketamine, nicotine, and LSD. Containing 29 figures and tables and extensive references, this is a must-have resource for the influence of drug use and abuse on human physiology and performance.

Key Features: Provides botanical descriptions, distribution and pharmacological investigations of notable medicinal and herbal plants used to prevent or treat diabetes. Discusses phytochemical and polyherbal formulations for the management of diabetes and other related complications. Contains reports on antidiabetic plants and their potential uses in drug discovery based on their bioactive molecules.

Extracted from the Drug Abuse Handbook, 2nd edition, to give you just the information you need at an affordable price. Forensic Issues in Alcohol Testing offers concise and focused information specific to the interests of forensic scientists and clinical and forensic toxicologists. It analyzes the acute effects of alcohol intoxication and the methods by which investigators can measure alcohol concentration in blood, urine, and breath. It considers extenuating circumstances affecting acute impairment by detailing the disposition and fate of alcohol in the body as well as the factors influencing absorption, distribution, and elimination. Specific chapters address difficulties in measuring and interpreting post-mortem alcohol concentrations due to poor quality of specimen, sampling site differences, and post-mortem diffusion or synthesis. Recent advances in biochemical testing make it possible to quantitate chronic alcohol ingestion, and the book analyzes the efficacy of these tests as evaluators of dependence or potential for dependence.

The book provides valuable information on wild plants and their ethnopharmacological properties, discussion on ethnobotany, phytotherapy, diversity, chemical and pharmacological properties including antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozal properties. The chapters include a wide range of case studies, giving updated evidence on importance of wild plant resources from different countries including Nepal, India, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Colombia, Egypt, Peru, etc. In addition, some specific species are used to explain their potential properties. Discussing traditional usage and pharmacological properties of wild plants, this book is entirely different from other related publications and useful for the researchers working in the areas of conservation biology, botany, ethnobiology, ethnopharmacology, policy making, etc.

In Infertile Environments, Janelle Lamoreaux investigates how epigenetic research into the effects of toxic exposure conceptualizes and configures environments. Drawing on fieldwork in a Nanjing, China, toxicology lab that studies the influence of pesticides and other pollutants on male reproductive and developmental health, Lamoreaux shows how the lab's everyday research practices bring national, hormonal, dietary, maternal, and laboratory environments into being. She situates the lab's work within broader Chinese history as well as the contemporary cultural and political moment, in which declining fertility rates and reproductive governance and technology are growing concerns. She also points to how toxicology in China is a transnational endeavor tied to both local conditions and international research agendas and infrastructures, which highlights the myriad scales and scope of epigenetic environments. At a moment of growing concerns about toxins, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and climate change, Lamoreaux demonstrates that epigenetic research's proliferation of environments produces new kinds of toxic relations that impact multiple generations of humans.

Adverse reactions to medicines continue to present a considerable burden on healthcare, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. As well as knowing about the benefits of medicines, healthcare professionals need to understand the problem of adverse drug reactions and be aware of how they can be prevented and managed.

The clinical microbiology laboratory is often a sentinel for the detection of drug resistant strains of microorganisms. Standardized protocols require continual scrutiny to detect emerging phenotypic resistance patterns. The timely notification of clinicians with susceptibility results can initiate the alteration of antimicrobial chemotherapy and improve patient care. It is vital that microbiology laboratories stay current with standard and emerging methods and have a solid understanding of their function in the war on infectious diseases. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Protocols clearly defines the role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in integrated patient care and provides a comprehensive, up-to-date procedural manual that can be used by a wide variety of laboratorians. The authors provide a comprehensive, up-to-date procedural manual including protocols for bioassay methods and molecular methods for bacterial strain typing. Divided into three sections, the text begins by introducing basic susceptibility disciplines including disk diffusion, macro and microbroth dilution, agar dilution, and the gradient method. It covers step-by-step protocols with an emphasis on optimizing the detection of resistant microorganisms. The second section describes specialized susceptibility protocols such as surveillance procedures for detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, serum bactericidal assays, time-kill curves, population analysis, and synergy testing. The final section is designed to be used as a reference resource. Chapters cover antibiotic development; design and use of an antibiogram; and the interactions of the clinical microbiology laboratory with the hospital pharmacy, and infectious disease and control. Unique in its scope, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Protocols gives laboratory personnel an integrated resource for updated lab-based techniques and charts within the contextual role of clinical microbiology in modern medicine.

Since the second edition of "Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety"was published in 1999, the United States has seen a 40 percent decline in the incidence of listeriosis, with the current annual rate of illness rapidly approaching the 2010 target of 2.5 cases per million. Research on this food-borne pathogen, however, has continued unabated, concentrating in the last five years on establishing risk assessments to focus limited financial resources on certain high-risk foods.

Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety, Third Edition summarizes much of the newly published literature and integrates this information with earlier knowledge to present readers with a complete and current overview of foodborne listeriosis. Two completely new chapters have been added to this third edition. The first deals with risk assessment, cost of foodborne listeriosis outbreaks, and regulatory control of the Listeria problem in various countries. The second identifies specific data gaps and directions for future research efforts.

All of the chapters from the second edition have been revised, many by new authors, to include updated information on listeriosis in animals and humans, pathogenesis and characteristics of "Listeria monocytogenes," methods of detection, and subtyping. The text covers the incidence and behavior of "Listeria monocytogenes" in many high-risk foods including, fermented and unfermented dairy products, meat, poultry, and egg products, fish and seafood products, and products of plant origin.

Upholding the standard of the first two editions, Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety, Third Edition provides the most current information to food scientists, microbiologists, researchers, andpublic health practitioners.

Containing extensive artwork serving as demonstration, as well as a DVD with sound and video clips, this collection of essays on electroacoustic music explores the creative possibilities to be found in various forms of musical analysis. Taking pitch, duration, intensity, and timbre as the four basic elements of music, the authors discuss electroacoustic works and examine: the applications of neumes, contemporary staff notation, sound orchestra and score files, time-domain representations, and spectrograms. Taking into consideration both the positive (preservation of the abstract) and negative (creative limitation) aspects of these analytical methods, the authors have created a useful resource for student of electroacoustic music.

Although numerous studies have been made of the Western educated political elite of colonial Nigeria in particular, and of Africa in general, very few have approached the study from a perspective that analyzes the impacts of indigenous institutions on the lives, values, and ideas of these individuals. This book is about the diachronic impact of indigenous and Western agencies in the upbringing, socialization, and careers of the colonial Igbo political elite of southeastern Nigeria. The thesis argues that the new elite manifests the continuity of traditions and culture and therefore their leadership values and the impact they brought on African society cannot be fully understood without looking closely at their lived experiences in those indigenous institutions where African life coheres. The key has been to explore this question at the level of biography, set in the context of a carefully reconstructed social history of the particular local communities surrounding the elite figures. It starts from an understanding of their family and village life, and moves forward striving to balance the familiar account of these individuals in public life, with an account of the ongoing influences from family, kinship, age grades, marriage and gender roles, secret societies, the church, local leaders and others. The result is not only a model of a new approach to African elite history, but also an argument about how to understand these emergent leaders and their peers as individuals who shared with their fellow Africans a dynamic and complex set of values that evolved over the six decades of colonialism.

This first comprehensive treatment of the subject for more than a decade includes the latest research on nanoparticle toxicology. The practical handbook addresses all areas where toxic mixtures are encountered, from environmental via occupational to medical settings, giving special consideration to air and water, and to the specific requirements for study design in mixture toxicology. While no extensive prior knowledge or toxicological experience is required, the practice-oriented case studies and examples in the second part make this the ideal companion for the professional toxicologist in industry or healthcare institutions with little time for academic study.

The treatment of children with medicinal products is an important scientific area. It is recognized that many medicines that are used extensively in pediatric patients are either unlicensed or off-label. This textbook will help pediatric health professionals select the most appropriate medication to effectively treat children and ensure minimal side effects.

In developing countries, access to affordable medicines for the treatment of diseases such as AIDS and malaria remains a matter of life or death. In Africa, for instance, more than one million children die each year from malaria alone, a figure which could soon be far higher with the extension of patent rules for pharmaceuticals. Previously, access to essential medicines was made possible by the supply of much cheaper generics, manufactured largely by India; from 2005, however, the availability of these drugs is threatened as new WTO rules take effect. Halting the spread of malaria and HIV/AIDS is one of the eight Millennium Goals adopted at the UN Millennium Summit, which makes this a timely and topical book. Informed analysis is provided by internationally renowned contributors who look at the post-2005 world and discuss how action may be taken to ensure that intellectual property regimes are interpreted and implemented in a manner supportive to the right to protect public health and, in particular, to promote access to medicines for all.

Advances in Molecular Toxicology, Volume Thirteen, features the latest advances in the subspecialties of the broad area of molecular toxicology. This series details the study of the molecular basis of toxicology by which a vast array of agents encountered in the human environment, and produced by the human body, manifest themselves as toxins. The work not only documents these examples, but also covers the complex web of chemical and biological events that give rise to toxin-induced symptoms and disease. The new technologies that are being harnessed to analyze and understand these events are also reviewed by leading experts in the field.

Learn how medicinal plants work from the chemical level upward Understanding Medicinal Plants: Their Chemistry and Therapeutic Action is designed to teach the chemical concepts necessary to understand the actions of medicinal plants to people who are intimidated by chemistry. This beautifully illustrated, accessibly written guide explores the molecules of medicinal plants and the pharmacology behind their actions on the human body. The book will be valuable to non-science majors, biology majors, interested scientists of different disciplines, and practitioners and students of herbalism and complementary medicine. Understanding Medicinal Plants covers the essentials, including: understanding the symbolism of chemical structure bondingand predicting useful properties important plant compounds isolation and purification of plant molecules drug delivery and action in the human body the chemistry of antioxidants identification of plant molecules Interest in alternative medicine and herbal products has never been higher than it is now. Understanding Medicinal Plants aims for the middle ground between technical manuals for highly trained individuals and books for the general public that may oversimplify the material. This introductory work provides you with a wealth of suggested reading materials, tables, figures, and illustrations. Three case studies illustrate specific plant drugs and their molecular constituents. This resource also provides an extensive glossary for easy reference. In Understanding Medicinal Plants, you will find a lexicon of medicinally important chemical families found in plants to help you identify and understand the role of constituents such as: alkaloids flavonoids coumarins glycosides amino acids lignans tannins and many more Understanding Medicinal Plants enriches your knowledge of the science behind herbalism and increases your savvy as a consumer of herbal products. This sourcebook will help you better understand the debates about the regulation of medicinal plants and related health care policy debates. With this book, you will be able to interpret media hype about medicinal plants with greater confidence.

This up-to-date reference book compiles the recent developments, innovations, and perspectives on second and third-generation bioplastics. It discusses the main commercialized bioplastics, such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Chapters include the use of alternative raw materials and innovations in bioplastic production processes to reduce costs and decrease environmental impacts. It covers bioplastic production from lignocellulosic biomass, sugars, or oils produced by microbes and municipal waste material. It also includes techno-economic aspects. The book is meant for researchers and industry experts in biotechnology, environmental sciences, and applied microbiology.

Overview of the development of gene therapy Provides the most up to date information on the development of gene therapy, from the technology involved to gene correction and genome editing Presents CRISPR gene therapy recent trends and applications Discusses siRNA, mRNA, and DNA plasmids

Demonstrates the conditions under which a 2D-LC method should be considered as an alternative to a 1D-LC method. Establishes a sound fundamental basis of the principles of the technique, followed by guidelines for method optimization. Provides a single source for technical knowledge advances and practical guidance described in recent literature. Assists with the initial decision to develop a 2D-LC method. Guides the reader in developing a high-quality method that meets the needs of their application.

Providing the guidance needed for formulation, handling, and quality control of photolabile drugs, Photostability of Drugs and Drug Formulations, Second Edition explores the significance of new information on drug photoreactivity in a pharmaceutical context. Completely revised and updated, with chapter authors drawn from an international panel of experts, the book supplies the background necessary for planning standardized photochemical stability studies as a part of drug development and formulation work. It contains comprehensive coverage of the physical and chemical aspects of drug photoreactivity, formulation, stability testing, and drug design/discovery in one resource. The contents have been reorganized to focus on the standardization of photostability testing of drug substances and products, in vitro photoreactivity screening of drugs, and various aspects of the formulation of photoreactive substances. The information on in vitro screening of drug photoreactivity is of great relevance for scientists who are developing and validating a set of testing protocols to address photosafety. Discussing kinetic and chemical aspects of drug photodecomposition as well as the practical problems frequently encountered in photochemical stability testing, this book helps you design a test protocol and interpret the results. Features -Assists non-experts in this field design a test protocol and interpret the results -Covers in vitro and in vivo aspects of interactions between drugs and light -Explores the kinetic and chemical aspects of drug photodecomposition -Discusses the problems frequently encountered in photochemical stability testing -Provides guidance on how to address photosafetyassessments and labeling requirements of potentially photoreactive drugs -Highlights the practical implications of drug photodecomposition from a pharmaceutical viewpoint -Offers specific guidance in photostability testing and screening of drug photoreactivity