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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Philosophy of mind
Prolegomena to a Carnal Hermeneutics introduces the importance of
body politics from both Eastern and Western perspectives. Hwa Yol
Jung begins with Giambattista Vico's anti-Cartesianism as the birth
of the discipline. He then explores the homecoming of Greek mousike
(performing arts), which included oral poetry, dance, drama, and
music; Mikhail Bakhtin's dialogical body politics; the making of
body politics in Hannah Arendt, Emmanuel Levinas, and Luce
Irigaray; Marshall McLuhan's transversal and embodied philosophy of
communication; and transversal geophilosophy. This tour de force
will be an engaging read for anyone interested in the above
thinkers, as well as for students and scholars of comparative
philosophy, communication theory, environmental philosophy,
political philosophy, or continental philosophy
This volume brings together new papers advancing contemporary
debates in foundational, conceptual, and methodological issues in
cognitive neuroscience. The different perspectives presented in
each chapter have previously been discussed between the authors, as
the volume builds on the experience of Neural Mechanisms (NM)
Online - webinar series on the philosophy of neuroscience organized
by the editors of this volume. The contributed chapters pertain to
five core areas in current philosophy of neuroscience. It surveys
the novel forms of explanation (and prediction) developed in
cognitive neuroscience, and looks at new concepts, methods and
techniques used in the field. The book also highlights the
metaphysical challenges raised by recent neuroscience and
demonstrates the relation between neuroscience and mechanistic
philosophy. Finally, the book dives into the issue of neural
computations and representations. Assembling contributions from
leading philosophers of neuroscience, this work draws upon the
expertise of both established scholars and promising early career
researchers.
This book evaluates the potential of the pragmatist notion of habit
possesses to influence current debates at the crossroads between
philosophy, cognitive sciences, neurosciences, and social theory.
It deals with the different aspects of the pragmatic turn involved
in 4E cognitive science and traces back the roots of such a
pragmatic turn to both classical and contemporary pragmatism.
Written by renowned philosophers, cognitive scientists,
neuroscientists, and social theorists, this volume fills the need
for an interdisciplinary account of the role of 'habit'.
Researchers interested in the philosophy of mind, cognitive
science, neuroscience, psychology, social theory, and social
ontology will need this book to fully understand the pragmatist
turn in current research on mind, action and society.
This book offers an inspiring exploration of current findings from
the psychology of meaning in life, analysing cutting-edge research
to propose practical, evidence-based applications. Schnell draws on
psychological, philosophical and cognitive perspectives to explore
basic concepts of meaning and introduce a multidimensional model of
meaning in life. Written in an accessible style, this book covers a
range of topics including the distinction between meaning and
happiness, the impact of meaning on health and longevity, meaning
in the workplace, and meaning-centred interventions. Each chapter
ends with exercises to encourage self-reflection and measurement
tools are presented throughout, including the author's original
Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe), to
inspire the reader to consider the role of meaning in their own
life. The Psychology of Meaning in Life is essential reading for
students and practitioners of psychology, sociology, counselling,
coaching and related disciplines, and for general readers
interested in exploring the role of meaning in life.
This is a comprehensive reference guide to current research in
Philosophy of Mind, assembled by an international team of leading
scholars in the discipline. From new questions concerning qualia,
representation, embodiment and cognition to fresh thinking about
the long-standing problems of physicalism, dualism, personal
identity and mental causation, this book is an authoritative guide
to the latest research in the Philosophy of Mind. Across twelve
entries, experts in the field explore the current thinking in one
of the most active areas of interest in philosophy today. To aid
researchers further, the Companion also includes overviews of
perennial problems and new directions in contemporary philosophy of
mind, an extended glossary of terms for quick reference, a detailed
chronology, a guide to research for ongoing study and a
comprehensive bibliography of key classic and contemporary
publications in the philosophy of mind. "The Continuum Companions"
series is a major series of single volume companions to key
research fields in the humanities aimed at postgraduate students,
scholars and libraries. Each companion offers a comprehensive
reference resource giving an overview of key topics, research
areas, new directions and a manageable guide to beginning or
developing research in the field. A distinctive feature of the
series is that each companion provides practical guidance on
advanced study and research in the field, including research
methods and subject-specific resources.
"Philadelphia A Story Sequence in Verse" is a window on the work of
esoteric schools. It portrays a small, representative group of
loving friends who at first naively and later decisively with the
potent ancient knowledge in which they have been instructed engage
in storytelling's highest purpose: to remind and remind and remind
us again to remember and hold ourselves aware of what our busy
minds are always forgetting - the present, where the divine
resides. John Craig, the author, is a poet and teacher who with his
wife Victoria,a native of Phila-delphia,lives in the Sierra
foothills of northern California. They have two grown sons.
Following the core principle of phenomenology as a return "to the
things themselves," Body Matters attends to the phenomena of bodily
afflictions and examines them from three different standpoints:
from society in general that interprets them as "sicknesses," from
the medical professions that interpret them as "diseases," and from
the patients themselves who interpret them as "illnesses." By
drawing on a crucial distinction in German phenomenology between
two senses of the body the quantifiable, material body (Korper) and
the lived-body(Leib) the authors explore the ways in which
sickness, disease, and illness are socially and historically
experienced and constructed. To make their case, they draw on
examples from a multiplicity of disciplines and cultures as well as
a number of cases from Euro-American history. The intent is to
unsettle taken-for-granted assumptions that readers may have about
body troubles. These are assumptions widely held as well by medical
and allied health professionals, in addition to many sociologists
and philosophers of health and illness. To this end, Body Matters
does not simply deconstruct prejudices of mainstream biomedicine;
it also constructively envisions more humane and artful forms of
therapy."
This edited collection provides the first comprehensive volume on
A. J. Ayer's 1936 masterpiece, Language, Truth and Logic. With
eleven original chapters the volume reconsiders the historical and
philosophical significance of Ayer's work, examining its place in
the history of analytic philosophy and its subsequent legacy.
Making use of pioneering research in logical empiricism, the
contributors explore a wide variety of topics, from ethics, values
and religion, to truth, epistemology and philosophy of language.
Among the questions discussed are: How did Ayer preserve or distort
the views and conceptions of logical empiricists? How are Ayer's
arguments different from the ones he aimed at reconstructing? And
which aspects of the book were responsible for its immense impact?
The volume expertly places Language, Truth and Logic in the
intellectual and socio-cultural history of twentieth-century
philosophical thought, providing both introductory and contextual
chapters, as well as specific explorations of a variety of topics
covering the main themes of the book. Providing important insights
of both historical and contemporary significance, this collection
is an essential resource for scholars interested in the legacy of
the Vienna Circle and its effect on ethics and philosophy of mind.
This book demonstrates for the first time how the work of Ludwig
Wittgenstein can transform 4E Cognitive Science. In particular, it
shows how insights from Wittgenstein can empower those within 4E to
reject the long held view that our minds must involve
representations inside our heads. The book begins by showing how
proponents of 4E are divided amongst themselves. Proponents of
Extended Mind insist that internal representations are always
needed to explain the human mind. However, proponents of Enacted
Mind reject this claim. Using insights from Ludwig Wittgenstein,
the book introduces and defends a new theoretical framework called
Structural Enacted or Extended Mind (STEEM). STEEM brings together
Enacted Mind and Extended Mind in a way that rejects all talk of
internal representations. STEEM thus highlights the
anti-representationalist credentials of 4E and so demonstrates how
4E can herald a new beginning when it comes to thinking about the
mind.
The Profound Limitations of Knowledge explores the limitations of
knowledge and argues that neither reasoning nor direct or indirect
observations can be trusted. We cannot even assign probabilities to
claims of what we can know. Furthermore, for any set of data, there
are an infinite number of possible interpretations. Evidence
suggests that we live in a participatory universe-that is, our
observations shape reality.
When instruments are harmoniously joined together, beautiful music
ensues. Just as in a classic symphony, life often occurs in phases,
or movements. In his creative comparison Symphony #1 in a Minor
Key, literary exegete Alan Block shares his philosophies on four
movements reflected in his own life, each loosely modeled on a
different musical form linked to the emotions of a life both fully
lived and joyously celebrated. In the first movement, "Sonata
Allegro," Block juxtaposes biblical stories with personal
experiences as he explores the contradictory nature of what it
means to leave home in search of another home. In the second
movement, representing a slow march to and from the grave, he
focuses his examination on the funerals of three very different
people from a Jewish perspective. In strong contrast, Block
presents a glimpse into his absurd daily world in the third
movement, punctuated by jokes and commentary. Finally, he shares a
celebration of life and hope inspired by the final movement of
Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, encouraging others to be open to the
sublime and realize that none of our worlds is perfect. Symphony #1
in a Minor Key shares one man's reflections as he offers a
fascinating meditation on life, death, and everything in between.
This book presents a new structural approach to the psychology of
the person, inspired by Kenneth Colby's computer-generated
simulation, PARRY. The simulation was of a paranoid psychological
state, represented in forms of the person's logic and syntax, as
these would be evidenced in personal communication. Harwood Fisher
uses a Structural View to highlight similarities in the logical
form of the linguistic representations of Donald Trump, his avid
followers ("Trumpers"), and the paranoid-referred to as "The Trio."
He demonstrates how the Structural View forms a series of logical
and schematic patterns, similar to the way that content analysis
can bring forth associations meanings, and concepts held in the
text. Such comparisons, Fisher argues, can be used to shed light on
contingencies for presenting, representing, and judging truth.
Specifically, Fisher posits that the major syntactic and logical
patterns that were used to produce the computer-generated
"paranoid" responses in Colby's project can be used to analyze
Donald Trump's rhetoric and his followers' reactions to it.
Ultimately, Fisher offers a new kind of structural approach for the
philosophy of psychology. This novel work will appeal to students
and scholars of social and cognitive psychology, psychology of
personality, psychiatric classification, psycholinguistics,
rhetoric, and computer science.
Understanding emotions is becoming ever more valuable in design,
both in terms of what people prefer as well as in relation to how
they behave in relation to it. Approaches to conceptualising
emotions in technology design, how emotions can be operationalised
and how they can be measured are paramount to ascertaining the core
principles of design. Emotions in Technology Design: From
Experience to Ethics provides a multi-dimensional approach to
studying, designing and comprehending emotions in design. It
presents emotions as understood through basic human-technology
research, applied design practice, culture and aesthetics, ethical
approaches to emotional design, and ethics as a cultural framework
for emotions in design experience. Core elements running through
the book are: cognitive science - cognitive-affective theories of
emotions (i.e., Appraisal); culture - the ways in which our minds
are trained to recognise, respond to and influence design; and
ethics - a deep cultural framework of interpretations of good
versus evil. This ethical understanding brings culture and
cognition together to form genuine emotional experience. This book
is essential reading for designers, technology developers, HCI and
cognitive science scholars, educators and students (at both
undergraduate and graduate levels) in terms of emotional design
methods and tools, systematic measurement of emotion in design
experience, cultural theory underpinning how emotions operate in
the production and interaction of design, and how ethics influence
basic (primal) and higher level emotional reactions. The broader
scope equips design practitioners, developers and scholars with
that 'something more' in terms of understanding how emotional
experience of technology can be positioned in relation to cultural
discourse and ethics.
This book presents a theoretical critical appraisal of the
Mechanistic Theory of Human Cognition (MTHC), which is one of the
most popular major theories in the contemporary field of cognitive
science. It analyses and evaluates whether MTHC provides a unifying
account of human cognition and its explanation. The book presents a
systematic investigation of the internal and external consistency
of the theory, as well as a systematic comparison with other
contemporary major theories in the field. In this sense, it
provides a fresh look at more recent major theoretical debates in
this area of scientific research and a rigorous analysis of one of
its most central major theories. Rigorous theoretical work is
integrated with objective consideration of relevant empirical
evidence, making the discussions robust and clear. As a result, the
book shows that MTHC provides a significant theoretical
contribution for the field of cognitive science. The content is
useful for those interested in theoretical and empirical issues
concerning major theories in the contemporary field of cognitive
science.
The Body and Shame: Phenomenology, Feminism, and the Socially
Shaped Body investigates the concept of body shame and explores its
significance when considering philosophical accounts of embodied
subjectivity. Body shame only finds its full articulation in the
presence (actual or imagined) of others within a rule and norm
governed milieu. As such, it bridges our personal, individual and
embodied experience with the social, cultural and political world
that contains us. Luna Dolezal argues that understanding body shame
can shed light on how the social is embodied, that is, how the
body-experienced in its phenomenological primacy by the
subject-becomes a social and cultural artifact, shaped by external
forces and demands. The Body and Shame introduces leading
twentieth-century phenomenological and sociological accounts of
embodied subjectivity through the work of Edmund Husserl, Maurice
Merleau-Ponty, Jean-Paul Sartre, Michel Foucault and Norbert Elias.
Dolezal examines the embodied, social and political features of
body shame. contending that body shame is both a necessary and
constitutive part of embodied subjectivity while simultaneously a
potential site of oppression and marginalization. Exploring the
cultural politics of shame, the final chapters of this work explore
the phenomenology of self-presentation and a feminist analysis of
shame and gender, with a critical focus on the practice of cosmetic
surgery, a site where the body is literally shaped by shame. The
Body and Shame will be of great interest to scholars and students
in a wide variety of fields, including philosophy, phenomenology,
feminist theory, women's studies, social theory, cultural studies,
psychology, sociology, and medical humanities.
This book defends the much-disputed view that emotions are what
Hume referred to as 'original existences': feeling states that have
no intentional or representational properties of their own. In
doing so, the book serves as a valuable counterbalance to the now
mainstream view that emotions are representational mental states.
Beginning with a defence of a feeling theory of emotion, Whiting
opens up a whole new way of thinking about the role and centrality
of emotion in our lives, showing how emotion is key to a proper
understanding of human motivation and the self. Whiting establishes
that emotions as types of bodily feelings serve as the categorical
bases for our behavioural dispositions, including those associated
with moral thought, virtue, and vice. The book concludes by
advancing the idea that emotions make up our intrinsic nature - the
characterisation of what we are like in and of ourselves, when
considered apart from how we are disposed to behave. The conclusion
additionally draws out the implications of the claims made
throughout the book in relation to our understanding of mental
illness and the treatment of emotional disorders.
This book is an attempt to make sense of the tension in Nietzsche's
work between the unashamedly egocentric and the apparently
mystical. While scholars have tended to downplay one or other of
these aspects, it is the author's contention that the two are not
only compatible but mutually illuminating. This book demonstrates
Nietzsche's sustained interest in mysticism from the time of The
Birth of Tragedy right through to the end of his productive life.
This book argues against situating Nietzsche's religious thought in
the context of Buddhist or Christian mystical traditions,
demonstrating the inadequacy of attempts to mediate between
Nietzsche and Meister Eckhart and the Bodhisattva ideal of Mahayana
Buddhism. Rather, it is argued that Nietzsche's egoism and
mysticism are best understood in the intellectual context which he
himself avowed, according to which his "ancestors" were Heraclitus,
Empedocles, Spinoza, and Goethe.
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