This book reviews and discusses the development of self-assembled nanomaterials applied in biomedical fields. Based on self-assembled nanomaterial constructions, it highlights the mechanisms of the stimuli-response-induced assembly/disassembly and transformation. Moreover, it examines healthcare-related diseases, the applications of nanomaterials and therapy/detection strategies, providing readers with both a deeper understanding of the subject and inspirations for future research. The book is primarily intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of material sciences and chemistry who wish to learn about the principles, methods, mechanisms and biomedical applications of self-assembled nanomaterials.

In parallel with the continuous rise of cancer incidence, efficient treatment becomes an increasingly important public health concern. Radiotherapy has remained one of the most important anticancer approaches for clinical management of a variety of human tumours, as at least half of all oncological patients receive this therapy at some stages of their disease. With the hope to attain greater anticancer response, the interest in using natural plant-derived products as complementary treatments to conventional radiotherapy has substantially increased in the recent years. However, the interactions between phytochemicals and ionizing radiation are not always known and can be often unpredictable. Therefore, in this book, the current findings about the combined treatments of malignant cells with radiation and flavonoids, the largest group of human dietary plant polyphenols, are described. These data show that under carefully chosen dosage-schedule regimens, certain flavonoids or their natural mixtures can behave as potent radiosensitizers, augmenting radiotherapeutic efficacy in different preclinical cancer models. Such radio-sensitising action of flavonoids can be achieved through modulation of the redox status and suppression of several cellular survival pathways activated by radiotherapy, ultimately leading to the death of malignant cells. As flavonoids can concurrently protect normal healthy cells from irradiation-induced injury and thereby minimize toxic adverse reactions, use of these plant-derived agents as complementary approach to radiotherapy might open new avenues for enhancement of clinical outcome. Therefore, combining conventional anticancer modalities with conscious intake of flavonoid supplements as adjuvant agents might be an important future strategy to boost the therapeutic success in the treatment of various human malignancies.

This introduction to medical imaging introduces all of the major medical imaging techniques in wide use in both medical practice and medical research, including Computed Tomography, Ultrasound, Positron Emission Tomography, Single Photon Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Principles of Medical Imaging for Engineers introduces fundamental concepts related to why we image and what we are seeking to achieve to get good images, such as the meaning of 'contrast' in the context of medical imaging. This introductory text separates the principles by which 'signals' are generated and the subsequent 'reconstruction' processes, to help illustrate that these are separate concepts and also highlight areas in which apparently different medical imaging methods share common theoretical principles. Exercises are provided in every chapter, so the student reader can test their knowledge and check against worked solutions and examples. The text considers firstly the underlying physical principles by which information about tissues within the body can be extracted in the form of signals, considering the major principles used: transmission, reflection, emission and resonance. Then, it goes on to explain how these signals can be converted into images, i.e., full 3D volumes, where appropriate showing how common methods of 'reconstruction' are shared by some imaging methods despite relying on different physics to generate the 'signals'. Finally, it examines how medical imaging can be used to generate more than just pictures, but genuine quantitative measurements, and increasingly measurements of physiological processes, at every point within the 3D volume by methods such as the use of tracers and advanced dynamic acquisitions. Principles of Medical Imaging for Engineers will be of use to engineering and physical science students and graduate students with an interest in biomedical engineering, and to their lecturers.

This book provides extensive data on the more common and many of the more rare congenital and hereditary syndromes that manifest in the nervous system and skin. Though often complex and multi-systemic, these disorders can frequently be diagnosed using a combination of simple visual inspection and sound clinical expertise. Drawing on fully referenced information from thousands of articles, the international editorial team has prepared a comprehensive overview that includes historical perspectives, clinical features, the pathogenesis, and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In addition, it addresses the biochemical, molecular, and genetic basis of the disorders. The book is divided into four main sections. Starting with general aspects of aetiology, diagnostics and therapy, the first part then covers the genetics, neuro-imaging, neuropathology, ocular manifestations and surgical management. The second part discusses developmental malformations, such as Sturge-Weber syndrome, Ataxia-Telangiectasia, Hypomelanosis of Ito and other rare syndromes, including haemangiomas. The focus of the third part is on tumour suppressor/DNA repair disorders, the most common of which is Neurofibromatosis 1. It also describes Neurofibromatosis 2, Schwannomatosis, Tuberous sclerosis, von Hippel-Lindau disease, Naevoid basal cell carcinoma and others. The book's fourth and final section covers defects in enzymes and structural proteins, which manifest as Cerebrotendinous xanthromatosis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Menkes syndrome, Refsum disease.

This book is based on the best contributions to the advancement of bioimpedance knowledge and use from the Latin American Congress series, CLABIO. Basic bioimpedance facts as well as promising and original contributions to bioimpedance theory and applications are presented, giving the reader stimulating material for reflection, decision making, and further experiments. Contributions come from a diverse international pool of experts and address topics on electrode and skin impedance modelling, tomography, spectroscopy, instrumentation, and clinical applications.

This book chiefly addresses the analysis and design of geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) systems, focusing on the algorithms, analysis, methods used to compensate for ionospheric influences, and validation experiments for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). Further, it investigates special problems in the GEO SAR context, such as curved trajectories, the Earth's rotation, the 'non-stop-and-go' model, high-order Doppler parameters, temporal-variant ionospheric errors etc. These studies can also be extended to SAR with very high resolution and long integration time. Given the breadth and depth of its coverage, scientists and engineers in SAR and advanced graduate students in related areas will greatly benefit from this book.

This book highlights the latest advances in functional micro/nano imaging probes and their applications for biomedical imaging and therapy. Given the rapid emergence of transdisciplinary research and applications in materials, chemical probes and translational medicine in recent years, scientists in these areas are expected to keep up to date on the latest technologies and advances to promote comprehensive innovations. Addressing this need, the book presents recently introduced features, emerging techniques, and new strategies, complemented by detailed illustrations. Covering the status quo and offering an outlook on the future, it benefits all readers with an interest in functional materials, especially micro/nano imaging materials for biomedical imaging applications, providing them with both vital updates and inspiration for their own research.

Prepare for success on the ARRT exam and in the practice of radiography! Essentials of Radiographic Physics and Imaging, 3rd Edition follows the ASRT recommended curriculum and focuses on what the radiographer needs to understand to safely and competently perform radiographic examinations. This comprehensive text gives you a foundational understanding of basic physics principles such as atom structure, electricity and magnetism, and electromagnetic radiation. It then covers imaging principles, radiation production and characteristics, digital image quality, imaging equipment, digital image acquisition and display, image analysis, and more- linking physics to the daily practice of radiographers. New for the third edition is updated information on radiation classifications, a shift in focus to SI units, and a thoroughly updated chapter on Fluoroscopic Imaging. UPDATED! Content reflects the newest standards outlined by the ARRT and ASRT, providing you with the information you needed to pass the boards. Chapter Review Questions at the end of every chapter allow you to evaluate how well you have mastered the material in each chapter. Critical Thinking Questions at the end of every chapter offer opportunity for review and greater challenge. Critical Concept boxes further explain and emphasize key points in the chapters. Radiation Protection callout boxes help you understand the ethical obligations to minimize radiation dosages, shielding, time and distance, how to limit the field of exposure and what that does to minimize dose, and technical factors and how they affect the primary beam and image quality. More than 400 photos and line drawings encourage you to visualize important concepts. Strong pedagogy, including chapter objectives, key terms, outlines, bulleted chapter summaries, and specialty boxes, help you to organize information and focus on what is most important in each chapter. An emphasis on the practical information highlights just what you need to know to ace the ARRT exam and become a competent practitioner. Numerous critique exercises teach you how to evaluate the quality of radiographic images and determine which factors produce poor images. NEW! A shift in focus to SI units aligns with international system of measurement. UPDATED Information regarding radiation classifications helps you to understand radiation levels. NEW! Inclusion of advances in digital imaging helps familiarize you with state-of-the-art images. NEW and UPDATED! Expanded Digital Fluoroscopy chapter, familiarizes you with the equipment you will encounter.

This book provides detailed practical guidelines on how to develop an efficient pathological brain detection system, reflecting the latest advances in the computer-aided diagnosis of structural magnetic resonance brain images. Matlab codes are provided for most of the functions described. In addition, the book equips readers to easily develop the pathological brain detection system further on their own and apply the technologies to other research fields, such as Alzheimer's detection, multiple sclerosis detection, etc.

This issue of PET Clinics focuses on Breast Cancer: Uses and Opportunities for Molecular Imaging, and is edited by Drs. Elizabeth McDonald and Gary A. Ulaner. Articles will include: Overview of Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis; Nuclear Imaging for Osseous Staging; Therapeutic Role of FDG in Breast Cancer: Treatment Response; Clinical Potential of HER2 Receptor Imaging; Novel Targets for Imaging Breast Cancer: Amino Acid Imaging with Fluciclovine; Overview of Breast Cancer Therapy; Molecular Classification of Breast Cancer; Clinical Potential of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Imaging; Diagnostic Role of FDG in Breast Cancer: Discovery to Current; Imaging Breast Cancer Proliferation; Dedicated Breast Gamma Camera Imaging and Breast Positron Emission Tomography: Current Status and Future Directions; and more!

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Ischemic Stroke, and is edited by Dr. Lotfi Hacein-Bey. Articles will include: Clinical distinction of cerebral ischemia and triaging of patients in the ED: mimics, wake-ups, late strokes and chameleons; Telestroke; CT, CTA and CT perfusion of acute stroke; MRI based imaging of acute stroke; Advanced neuroimaging of acute stroke: collaterals, permeability imaging, Arterial Spin Labeling; Penumbra, oligemia, infarction: understanding hypoperfusion with neuroimaging?; Pathophysiology of thrombus and clinical implications; Neuro-interventional management of stroke; Non interventional treatment options for stroke; What to look for on post-stroke neuroimaging; Reperfusion changes after stroke and practical approaches for neuroprotection; Economics of stroke treatment (value-based payment models and other); Health care organization of neuroradiological management of stroke at regional and national levels: the French experience; and more!

This issue of MRI Clinics of North America focuses on Advanced Musculoskeletal MR Imaging, and is edited by Drs. Roberto Domingues and Flavia Martins Costa. Articles will include: Quantitative Whole Body MRI; Multiparametric Bone Marrow Imaging; MET-RADS-P in Practice; Whole Body MRI Beyond Oncology; Whole Body Imaging in Multiple Myeloma; MRI Neurography in Musculoskeletal Disorders; MR Imaging in Rheumatology; Multiparametric MRI of Soft Tissue Tumors and Pseudotumors; Multiparametric MRI of Benign and Malignant Bone Tumors; MR Imaging of Fetal Musculoskeletal Disorders; MRI at Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games: Our Experience using State-of-the-art 3.0 T and 1.5 T Wide-bore MRI Scanners in High Performance Athletes; Ultrasound and Advanced MRI Fusion for Musculoskeletal Tumors Biopsy; and more!

This issue of Radiologic Clinics of North America focuses on Imaging of the Small Bowel and Colorectum, and is edited by Dr. Judy Yee. Articles will include: CT Enterography; MR Enterography; Low Dose CT Colonography Technique; MR of Rectal Cancer; MRI of Perianal Fistula; Imaging Workup of Acute and Occult Lower GI Bleeding; Dual Energy CT of the Bowel: Benefits, Pitfalls, and Future Directions; Lower GI Tract Applications of PET/CT and PET/MR; Imaging of the Post-operative Colon; Updates in Crohn's Disease Reporting and Nomenclature; CT Colonography Pearls and Pitfalls; Current Status of MR Colonography; and more!

The second of two companion books which address the biology and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. This volume, Prostate Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Stategies, discusses both classic and the most recent imaging approaches for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. The companion title, Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer, covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology as well as genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to prostate cancer. Taken together, these volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.

Notable experts in the field of neuroimaging provide comprehensive overviews of advances in functional and structural aspects of both common and uncommon brain disorders. Functional imaging is evolving quickly but researchers and clinicians do not always have a strong understanding of the fundamental basis of the imaging techniques that they use. By focusing on both structure and function this book will provide a strong foundation for emerging developments in the field.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the practical aspects of contrast echocardiography. It also covers all the material in the guidelines published by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) in 2018 and the recommendations set out by the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) in 2017. Contrast echocardiography at present is only used in 5-10% of cases, but this is expected to grow rapidly following the recommendations of the ASE and EACVI. The chapters cover the approved indications and provide practical advice on how to administer the contrast agents and how to optimize the recordings as well as how to deal with the pitfalls. The reader will find all the information on how to use contrast agents for assessment of shunts, LV volumes and function as well as myocardial diseases and masses. Detailed protocols are included for stress echocardiography and myocardial perfusion imaging. Other topics covered include the use of contrast agents for coronary sonography and transesophageal echocardiography. Contrast Echocardiography: Compendium for Clinical Practice comprehensively covers all aspects of the clinical use of contrast echocardiography and has been written by two cardiologists who share their experience from their high volume echo laboratories. One of the authors has been a member of both the ASE guidelines and EACVI recommendation writing groups. It is therefore, a critical text for echocardiographers and sonographers who perform echocardiography.

There are more than 63,000 new cases of uterine and endometrial cancer each year in the United States, up from approximately 41,000 when the first edition of Uterine Cancer was published in 2009. A book focusing on these cancers was timely, with emergent sophistication in diagnosis increasingly impacting clinical decision-making. However, five years later, the need for an updated book on this topic is even stronger as oncologists recognize opportunities to impact the outcome on women that are increasingly diagnosed with these malignancies. Uterine Cancer: Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment, Second Edition, part of the Current Clinical Oncology series, enhances the awareness on this somewhat neglected area of therapeutics, helping to integrate targeted therapies into the management of women with uterine cancer. Written by experts in the field in a highly practical and comprehensive manner, it is a must-have for all gynecological residents and fellows, as well as gynecological oncologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and family practice doctors who wish to provide their patients with the best possible care.

This book provides a review of imaging techniques and applications in stem cell transplantation and other cell-based therapies. The basis of different molecular imaging techniques is explained in detail, as is the current state of interventional radiology techniques. While the whole is a comprehensive discussion, each chapter is self-sufficient enough so that each can be reviewed independently. The contributors represent years of international and cross-disciplinary expertise and perspective and are all well known in their fields. comprehensive information on the role of clinical and molecular imaging in stem cell therapy from this book reviewed in detail. Essential reading for radiologists and physicians who are interested in developing a basic understanding of stem cell imaging and applications of stem cells and cell based therapies. However, it will also be of interest to clinical scientists and researchers alike, including those involved in stem cell labeling, tracking & imaging, cancer therapy, angiogenesis and cardiac regeneration.

In this monograph, the authors summarize their findings in complex neuroimaging work (cranio-, spondylo-, myelo- and angiography as well as CT and MR imaging of the brain and spine) during their longstanding experience at the N. Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute in Moscow. The book begins with a review of modern neuroimaging techniques: CT and MR angiography, perfusion and diffusion imaging, tractography, spectroscopy and functional MR imaging.

The problems and various other aspects of diagnosis of intra- and extra-axial brain tumors (more than 30,000 verified cases) as well as of cerebrovascular, infectious, demyelinating, degenerative and traumatic brain and spine lesions are discussed. The volume is well illustrated with angiographic, CT and MR images of complex diagnostic studies. The numerous images represent a "visual text," which can be used as an atlas by practical clinicians.

This book is a comprehensive reference manual for neurologists, neurotraumatologists and radiologists. It may also be of interest to technicians, medical physicists, students and other specialists interested in neurovisualization and diagnostic imaging.

The second of two companion books which address the biology and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. This volume, Prostate Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Stategies, discusses both classic and the most recent imaging approaches for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. The companion title, Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer, covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology as well as genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to prostate cancer. Taken together, these volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.

This issue of Radiologic Clinics of North America focuses on Multi-Energy CT: The New Frontier in Imaging, and is edited by Drs. Savvas Nicolaou and Mohammed F. Mohammed. Articles will include: Dual Energy CT: Image Acquisition, Processing and Workflow; Dual Energy CT: Dose Reduction, Contrast Load Reduction and Series Reduction in DECT; Dual Energy CT in Cardiothoracic Vascular Imaging; Advanced Musculoskeletal Applications with Dual Energy CT; Dual Energy CT of the Acute Abdomen; The Role of Dual Energy CT in Assessment of Abdominal Oncology; Future Developments in Dual Energy CT; Strategies to Improve Image Quality on DECT; Pearls, pitfalls and problems in DECT imaging of the body; Dual Energy CT - Technology and Challenges; The Role of Dual Energy CT in Thoracic Oncology; and more!

This book covers the most recent advances in using nanoparticles for biomedical imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic particle imaging (MPI), nuclear medicine, ultrasound (US) imaging, computed tomography (CT), and optical imaging. Topics include nanoparticles for MRI and MPI, siRNA delivery, theranostic nanoparticles for PET imaging of drug delivery, US nanoparticles for imaging drug delivery, inorganic nanoparticles for targeted CT imaging, and quantum dots for optical imaging. This book serves as a valuable resource for the fundamental science of diagnostic nanoparticles and their interactions with biological targets, providing a practical handbook for improved detection of disease and its clinical implementation.

Fall-induced hip fracture is an epidemic health risk among elderly people. This book presents an image-based multilevel modeling approach to understanding the biomechanics involved in fall-induced hip fracture. By hierarchically integrating a body-level dynamics model, a femur-level finite element model, and a local bone failure model, the biomechanics approach is able to simulate all stages in sideways falls and to incorporate all biomechanical variables affecting hip fracture. This book is useful for clinicians to accurately evaluate fracture risk, for biomechanical engineers to virtually test hip protective devices, and for biomedical students to learn image-based biomechanical modeling techniques. This book also covers: Biomechanical viewing on bone composition, bone remodeling, and bone strength Bone imaging and information captured for constructing biomechanical models Bone mechanical testing and mechanical properties required for biomechanical modeling

Zero in on the most important cardiothoracic imaging knowledge with Chest Radiology: The Essentials! Ideal as a quick refresher for experienced radiologists as well as an efficient learning tool for residents, this best-selling radiology reference puts indispensible information at your fingertips in a compact and practical, high-yield format. Key Features Master nuances of imaging interpretation through a pattern-recognition approach that features extensive chest radiograph/CT correlations. Get up to date on the most current lung cancer staging classification, evidence-based guidelines for evaluating suspected pulmonary embolism (including those for pregnant patients), recently adopted lung cancer screening recommendations with low-dose CT of the chest, Fleischner Society guidelines for the follow-up of subsolid nodules, and new management guidelines for peri-fissural nodules. Successfully absorb key concepts through behaviorally based learning objectives that follow the most current curriculum from the Society of Thoracic Radiology's Education Committee - as well as abundant mnemonics and superb imaging examples. Test your knowledge and prepare for exams with image-rich, case-based multiple-choice questions at the end of each chapter, a self-assessment examination at the end of the text, and additional self-assessment material online. Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition , offering tablet, smartphone, or online access to: Complete content with enhanced navigation A powerful search that pulls results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues Tabbing tool to flag important content for future reference Additional self-assessment questions and answers to facilitate exam preparation