The international symposium CAR '89 (the third in a row), held in Berlin in June 1989, was again focused on the fundamental principles of applying Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR) in health care. The book contains all the presentations of the symposium and this provides an up-to-date, complete state-of-the-art-report of this interdisciplinary subject, in which physicians, engineers, physicists and computer scientists cooperate.

Over the years, interventional radiology has developed many effective and less invasive procedures. As the number and types of interven tions increase, radiologists are becoming more and more involved in clinical patient care. This includes pre-interventional patient workup, sophisticated medical therapy and monitoring during interventions, regular inpatient rounds and complete follow-up management. Therefore interventional radiologists are faced with a broad spectrum of clinical and pharmacological questions. Adjunctive medical therapy should increase the patient's comfort, should improve the success rates, and should further reduce the risks of the procedures. In order to fulfill our responsibility to the patients, a profound knowledge of certain drugs is indispensable. This in cludes, for example, sedatives, analgesics, cardiovascular drugs and agents to prevent infections, thromboembolic complications or restenoses. Moreover, a good monitoring system during complex procedures will increase the safety of radiological interventions. These topics and several more have been presented and discussed during an international symposium in Basel, Switzerland, in January 1992. It is the benefit of the authors, that all these results could be published shortly after the event. Connected with our thanks to all the co-workers the editors hope to find this publication assisting an increasing number of safe interventions.

As an addition to the European postgraduate training system for young neurosurgeons we began to publish in 1974 this series of Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery which was later sponsored by the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies. This series was first discussed in 1972 at a combined meeting of the Italian and German Neurosurgical Societies in Taormina, the founding fathers of the series being Jean Brihaye, Bernard Pertuiset, Fritz Loew and Hugo Krayenbiihl. Thus were established the principles of European co operation which have been born from the European spirit, flourished in the European Association, and have throughout been associated with this serIes. The fact that the English language is well on the way to becoming the international medium at European scientific conferences is a great asset in terms of mutual understanding. Therefore we have decided to publish all contributions in English, regardless of the native language of the authors. All contributions are submitted to the entire editorial board before publication of any volume. Our series is not intended to compete with the publications of original scientific papers in other neurosurgical journals. Our intention is, rather, to present fields of neurosurgery and related areas in which important recent advances have been made. The contributions are written by spe cialists in the given fields and constitute the first part of each volume.

There is a tradition behind the current radiologic examination of the small bowel. Many of the great names in gastrointestinal radiology have established their reputations on the basis of their work in the small bowel. This is an area which is assuming ever greater importance for radiologists as its mucosal surface continues to elude the endos copist. Moreover, it is an aspect of radiology which calls for the greatest technical and interpretative skill. It is a great pleasure to welcome the English language version of this beautiful work on Radiology of the Small Intestine. English speaking physicians are frequently not as familiar with the large body of work published in French as they should be. Tant pis ! Dr. Bret and his co-workers have been pioneers in the pursuit of excellence in gastrointestinal radiology. During all the years that I have been involved in this field, I have admired their work.

Clinical studies during the past 10 years have shown that PET is more sensitive than CT and MRI for the detection of many tumors. In many cases, however, for example in head and neck tumors, combination with radiological procedures is necessary. It may be speculated that PET should be the first study in a malignant tumor when metastatic spread is suspected. MRI and CT may then be restricted to those body areas which evince sites of increased glucose metabolism. Thus, a combination of metabolic and morphologic procedures will enhance tumor detection and change the therapeutic strategy. In this light, an atlas including PET, CT, MRI, and histology data seems desirable to combine metabolic and morphologic imaging. This book presents an overview of the available data which should be of great interest not only for specialists in radiology and nuclear medicine, but also for oncologists.

A goldmine of theoretical insights and practical suggestions, Achieving Excellence in Medical Education, Second Edition explores the essential question facing medical educators and learners today: What is our vision of educational excellence, and what can we do to enhance our performance? Among the topics explored within this updated, engaging, informative, and thought-provoking text are: * Education's position as a priority of medical schools * Seminal educational insights from non-medical educators * Best practices of outstanding educators and learners * Promises and pitfalls of new educational technologies * Key resources for promoting excellence in medical education * Medical education's role in preparing future leaders * Leadership roles for medical schools in universities and society Reviews of the first edition: "This is an eloquent, quotable, and inspirational book that provides a template for "Achieving Excellence in Medical Education." - Journal of the American Medical Association "Gunderman is an accomplished educator, well known as a thoughtful and provocative teacher. . . I recommend his book to department chairs, clerkship and residency program directors, and education professionals who are shaping the future of medical education." - New England Journal of Medicine

Stroke remains one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. While effective therapy for stroke recovery remains an unmet need. Much hope and promises are placed on cell-based therapies. The aim of this book is to provide focused yet comprehensive reviews on the current state of cell-based approaches in the treatment of stroke. The topics covered include experimental data on functional outcome after intravascular and intracerebral delivery of cells in stroke animals, followed by translational chapters which will rely heavily on the use of different imaging modalities in the tracking of cells. The last and most challenging part will describe the early phase of clinical studies, providing guidelines for future research and clinical applications. Clearly and concisely written, this text will be a useful resource for neurologists, radiologists, and neuroscientists interested in cell transplantation as a therapeutic strategy for stroke patients.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed conference proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Biomedical Simulation (ISBMS) which was held in Strasbourg, France, in October 2014. Biomedical modeling and simulation are at the center stage of worldwide efforts to understand and replicate the behavior and function of the human organism. Large scale initiatives such as the Physiome Project, Virtual Physiological Human and Blue Brain Project aim to develop advanced computational models that will facilitate the understanding of the integrative function of cells, organs, and organisms, with the ultimate goal of delivering truly personalized medicine. At the same time, progress in modeling, numerical techniques and haptics has enabled more complex and interactive simulations. The 27 revised full papers (including 16 regular and 11 short papers) were carefully selected from 45 submissions and cover topics such as training systems and haptics, physics-based registration, vascular modeling and simulation, image and simulation, modeling, surgical planning, analysis, characterization and validation.

This book offers a review of the normal histopathological anatomy, imaging techniques and diagnostic findings for a broad spectrum of clinical problems. It includes a classification of inflammatory syndromes previously described under several different terms. It is the first textbook to describe the imaging of all anterior chest wall disorders.

Gastrointestinal bleeding is an age-old problem. The original description of g- trointestinalbleedingmayhavebeenfromGalenandhisworkconnectingdyspepsia andmelanoticstool. Thechangesinourmanagementofgastrointestinalbleeding overthecenturieshavebeendrivenbynaturalalterationsinthespectrumofdiseases, expanding our understanding of these diseases and the never ending advances in technologyandpharmacologythathaveoccurredrelativetoGIdiseases. Academic interestingastrointestinalbleedingpeakedinthelasthalfofthetwentiethcentury withtheexpandingroleofsurgery,thediscoveryofacid-basedpepticulcerthe- pies,andtheriseof?exibleendoscopyandculminatedinthedescriptionofh. pylori as a causative agent for ulcer disease. More recently there has been a decrease incidenceinbleedingdiseasesofthegutandthereforeadecreasinginterestinthe scholarlywritingaboutthesediseases. Therehasnotbeenamajortextbookwritten aboutgutbleedinginover10yearsandthereforetheintentionofthistextbookisto ?llthatvoidbyprovidingareviewofacomprehensiveapproachtouppergut,mid, andlowergutbleeding. CliniciansatDukeUniversitywhohaveacommoninterestinthegastrointes- naltracthavecollaboratedintheconstructionofthistext. Thisefforthasbrought together surgeons, gastroenterologists, and radiologists, to carefully chronicle the presentation, diagnosis, and management of modern day causes of gastrointes- nal bleeding. These co-authors concentrate on some of the latest innovations in the endoluminal and minimally invasive techniques that characterize the current approaches to these diseases. Emphasis has been placed on capsule endoscopy, double-balloon endoscopy, laparoscopic peptic ulcer surgery, and angiographic diagnosis and management techniques. The text has been written in such a way thatthereadercanquicklyreviewaspeci?ccauseofGIbleedingpriortomanaging ofsuchapatient. Weexpectthistextwillbeusedwiththesameimmediacyasthe diseasespresent. Wehopethatthistextprovidesafoundationforlearningformedicalstudents, interns,residents,andpractitionerswhoencounterthesecriticallyillanddif?cultto managepatients. Durham,NC,USA AuroraD. Pryor Durham,NC,USA TheodoreN. Pappas Durham,NC,USA MalcolmStanleyBranch v Acknowledgment TheeditorswouldliketothankMs. VirginiaCashforherhelpinthepreparation andcoordinationofthetext. vii Contents Part I Upper GI Bleeding Stabilization of Patients Presenting with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. ..3 ErrolL. BushandMarkL. Shapiro Urgent Workup for Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding...13 LorettaErhunmwunseeandSandhyaA. Lagoo-Deenadayalan Management of Esophageal Variceal Bleeding ...23 KekiBalsaraandLisaPickett Management of Dieulafoy's Lesions ...31 SerainaK. Faes,BrianR. Untch,ClaireEdwards,JohnTurner, MartinPoleski,andDouglasS. Tyler Management of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease ...39 JamesC. PadussisandTheodoreN. Pappas Management of Unusual Sources of Upper GI Bleeding...65 ElisabethTracyandJanetTuttle-Newhall Mallory-Weiss Syndrome...79 JacobN. SchroderandMalcolmS. Branch Management of Bleeding Small Bowel Tumors...85 KeriE. LunsfordandAuroraD. Pryor Management of Bleeding from the Bile Duct ...103 CarlosE. MarroquinandBridgetM. Marroquin Management of Bleeding from the Pancreas...

In the emergency and trauma setting, accurate and consistent interpretation of imaging studies are critical to the care of acutely ill and injured patients. Emergency Radiology: Imaging of Acute Pathologies is a comprehensive review of radiological diagnoses commonly encountered in the emergency room by radiologists, residents, and fellows. The book is organized by anatomical sections that present the primary ER imaging areas of the acute abdomen, pelvis, thorax, neck, head, brain and spine, and osseous structures. For each section, the common diagnoses are concisely described and are accompanied by relevant clinical facts and key teaching points that emphasize the importance of radiological interpretation in clinical patient management. The role of modalities such as plain radiography, CT, ultrasound, MR, and nuclear medicine imaging in managing emergency conditions is highlighted.

This is the first work to take a comprehensive look at the application of Magnetic Resonance (MR) techniques in the diagnosis, follow-up and therapy monitoring of dementing illnesses. The authors present an overview of MR findings in neurodegenerative and vascular disorders leading to dementia. In doing so, they also discuss other diseases that lead to cognitive and/or behavioural deterioration, such as infectious inflammatory disorders, toxic encephalopathies, inborn errors of metabolism of adult onset and post-traumatic, post-radiotherapy and post-chemotherapy conditions. This authoritative, well-written and richly illustrated reference work is indispensable for anybody working in the field.

Nuclear Medicine in Psychiatry showcases the combined expertise of renowned authors whose dedication to the investigation of psychiatric disease through nuclear medicine technology has achieved international recognition. Psychiatric disorders are discussed both from categorical and functional psychopathological viewpoint and the latest results in functional neuroimaging are detailed. Most chapters are written jointly by a psychiatrist and a nuclear medicine expert, and each contains a section "Clinical Aspects", to link research data with clinical routine. This state-of-the-art compendium will be valuable to anybody in the field of neuroscience, from the psychiatrist and the radiologist/nuclear medicine specialist to the interested general practitioner and cognitive psychologist.

This invaluable and well-presented text brings together previously fragmented or incompletely elucidated data on the impressive recent advances in orthopedic nuclear medicine. The book begins by acquainting the readers with various anatomic, physiologic, pathologic and technical concepts crucial to understanding orthopedic nuclear medicine and its utilization in clinical practice. Subsequent chapters detail the diagnosis of skeletal infections, trauma, vascular disorders, metabolic and neoplastic bone diseases, soft tissue calcifications and joint disorders. A separate section is devoted to the use of radionuclides in the treatment of bone and joint diseases. A unique feature of this richly illustrated volume is its comprehensive and clinically oriented approach. The book will prove invaluable to all with an interest in diagnostic and therapeutic orthopedics, including radiologists, orthopedists, rheumatologists, pediatricians, other clinicians and nuclear medicine professionals.

Peripheral and Cerebrovascular Intervention draws upon experts from diverse fields to provide readers with a comprehensive foundation for understanding and performing endovascular procedures-from the basic steps to the most current and advanced techniques. Individual chapters focus on primary intervention sites, including lower extremity, renal/mesenteric, subclavian/upper extremity, carotid/vertebral, intracranial and venous interventions. Additionally, chapters covering critical limb ischemia and abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms are included. By incorporating valuable clinical information, such as indications, contraindications, complications and discussions of surgical techniques and procedures, this book is a valuable resource for the busy practitioner and will be of interest to all interventional and general cardiologists, radiologists and neurologists; vascular surgeons; internists and residents and fellows.

The Practice of Interventional Radiology, by Dr. Karim Valji, presents a comprehensive approach to help you master the latest techniques. Online case studies teach you a wide range of interventional techniques, such as chemoembolization of tumors, venous access, angioplasty and stenting, and much more. With coverage of neurointerventional procedures, image-guided non-vascular and vascular procedures, and interventional oncologic procedures - plus access to the full text, case studies, images, and videos online at www.expertconsult.com - you'll have everything you need to offer more patients a safer alternative to open surgery. Presents the entire spectrum of vascular and nonvascular image-guided interventional procedures in a rigorous but practical, concise, and balanced fashion. Stay current on the latest developments in interventional radiology including neurointerventional procedures, image-guided non-vascular and vascular procedures, and interventional oncologic procedures. Learn the tenets of disease pathology, patient care, techniques and expected outcomes, and the relative merits of various treatment modalities. Find everything you need quickly and easily with consistent chapters that include patient cases, normal and variant anatomy, techniques, and complications. Master procedures and recognize diseases through over 100 case studies available online, which include images and interactive Q&A to test your knowledge; Online videos that demonstrate basic and expert-level interventional techniques. Access the fully searchable text at www.expertconsult.com, along with over 100 cases, 1500 corresponding images, and videos. Enhance your skills in interventional radiology and reduce patient risk

Key Features * Shows how to select the best thermal imager for your clinical practice, care for it, and use it correctly. * Explains how to take medical quality thermal images and scale them for maximum visual effect using the guidelines detailed in this book. * Details the myriad ways that thermography can aid in medical diagnosis and improve surgical outcomes.

Computer technology has developed remarkably in the field of neurosurgery during the past 10 to 20 years. Great achievements have been made recently in neuroimaging techniques and computer technology for neuronavigation, from frameless, armless systems to robotic microscopes. Contained in the present volume are all the papers presented at the International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Neurosurgery and selected papers presented at the 6th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Computers in Neurosurgery, which were held in Kobe, Japan, on January 24-26, 1997. This volume is a comprehensive description and review of current technical ad vancements in computer-assisted neurosurgery, with a special focus on advanced intraoperative neuroimaging, various neuronavigation system, robotic microscopes, and strategies for preoperative and intraoperative surgical planning using high-power workstations with three-dimensional software. We express our thanks to the contributors for their participation and cooperation, and to Springer-Verlag for personal and technical assistance in publishing this work. We sincerely hope that this volume will contribute to improving neurosurgical technology and outcomes.

This new edition of Vascular Interventional Radiology: Current Evidence in Endovascular Surgery provides a thorough yet succinct and accessible review of the latest knowledge in the field of endovascular surgery. All chapters have been updated to reflect the advances that have occurred during the past five years, and new chapters are included on carotid artery stenting and day case intervention. The chapter on lower limb veno-occlusive disease has been expanded to include management of deep venous thrombosis. Among the other topics considered are the endovascular treatment options in different arterial territories, aneurysm repair techniques, and the management of venous stenosis and venous insufficiency. The aim throughout is to tackle issues of evidence-based practice in order to assist trainees and experienced practitioners in making and implementing treatment decisions. This book will be an invaluable source of information for both interventional radiologists and vascular surgeons with an interest in endovascular techniques.

Whereas during the past decade endoscopy has become established as the leading means of diagnosis and management of diseases affecting the esophagus, starnach and large bowel, radiology has retained its pre-eminence for the clinical study and evaluation of the small bowel. This book provides unique coverage of all current radiological techniques used to study the small bowel, including not only barium studies and angiography but also cross-sectional methods such as uhrasound and computer tomography as well as nuclear medicine. Ernerging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging are given close consideration, and interventional procedures are dealt with fully. Following an introduction on anatomy, physiology, and pathology pertinent to radiol ogy, the book describes in great detail common and less common congenital and development anomalies, trauma, infectious and infl.ammatory conditions, and tumors. The radiological accounts are illustrated by unique color photographs of pathological specimens. It is important for all professionals involved in the management of patients with small-bowel disease tobe critically informed about the specific advantages as well as the limitations of the various modern imaging techniques now employed for the in vivo morphological evaluation of the small bowel. This comprehensive book provides a timely update of our knowledge in this field and is a welcome addition to our series "Medical Radiology;' which aims to provide exhaustive coverage of modern diagnostic radiology. It will be of great interest for general and abdominal radiologists, gastroen terologists, and abdominal surgeons.

The current textbooks for specialists are too detailed. This book will be a handy pocket guide for trainee vascular radiologists, and will serve as an aide-memoire for senior vascular radiologists. Each procedure will be shown in its entirety. Rather than being a library purchase, this book will be a handy and accessible guide for quick reference aimed at clinical interventional radiologists in multidisciplinary staff rooms and angiography suites.

Shoulder Arthroscopy and MRI Techniques is an authoritative text on the various techniques in arthroscopic surgery of the shoulder joint. International experts in the field cover the whole spectrum of the state of the art. Clear and self-explanatory illustrations depict the operative procedures in a step-by-step manner. The authors communicate tips and tricks, thus enabling the reader to easily reproduce the procedures with the desired results. Through direct comparison between arthroscopic and MRI photographs the surgeon will be able to correlate the two and draw important conclusions. Another focus is placed on post-operative MRI evaluation. The reader is provided with up-to-date information and a valuable guide in his daily routine.