This book explores the physics of CT dosimetry and provides practical guidance on best practice for medical researchers and practitioners. A rigorous description of the basic physics of CT dosimetry is presented and illustrates flaws of the current methodology. It also contains helpful (and rigorous) shortcuts to reduce the measurement workload for medical physicists. The mathematical rigor is accompanied by easily-understood physical explanations and numerous illustrative figures. Features: Authored by a recognised expert in the field and award-winning teacher Includes derivations for tube current modulation and variable pitch as well as stationary table techniques Explores abnormalities present in dose-tracking software based on CTDI and presents methods to correct them

On-treatment verification imaging has developed rapidly in recent years and is now at the heart of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) and all aspects of radiotherapy planning and treatment delivery. This is the first book dedicated to just this important topic, which is written in an accessible manner for undergraduate and graduate therapeutic radiography (radiation therapist) students and trainee medical physicists and clinicians. The later sections of the book will also help established medical physicists, therapeutic radiographers, and radiation therapists familiarise themselves with developing and cutting-edge techniques in IGRT. Features: Clinically focused and internationally applicable; covering a wide range of topics related to on-treatment verification imaging for the study of IGRT Accompanied by a library of electronic teaching and assessment resources for further learning and understanding Authored by experts in the field with over 18 years' experience of pioneering the original forms of on-treatment verification imaging in radiotherapy (electronic portal imaging) in clinical practice, as well as substantial experience of teaching the techniques to trainees

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on fMRI for the Diagnosis, Treatment and Management of Brain Tumors and is edited by Dr. Andrei I. Holodny. Articles will include: Introduction to fMRI; How to start your clinical fMRI program; Diffusion tractography; The problem of neurovascular uncoupling; Dynamic Resting State fMRI; Resting State fMRI of language function; Methods of fMRI analysis; Patient preparation and fMRI paradigm design; Functional brain anatomy; Neurosurgical Applications of fMRI; and more!

This issue of Radiologic Clinics of North America focuses on Endocrine Imaging and is edited by Dr. Mark E. Lockhart. Articles will include: Molecular imaging in the head and neck: Diagnosis and therapy; Endocrine imaging: The referring clinician perspective; Thyroid disease in the age of incidental findings; Normal thyroid: US with technical pearls and pitfalls; Thyroid diffuse and nodular disease ultrasound; CT and MRI of thyroid disease; Multimodality imaging of neuroendocrine tumors; Neck, thyroid, and parathyroid imaging procedures; Parathyroid imaging; Neuroimaging of pituitary disease; Adrenal imaging; Neuroendocrine tumors: Imaging of treatment and follow-up; and more!

Choice Recommended Title, April 2021 Bioimaging: Imaging by Light and Electromagnetics in Medicine and Biology explores new horizons in biomedical imaging and sensing technologies, from the molecular level to the human brain. It explores the most up-to-date information on new medical imaging techniques, such as the detection and imaging of cancer and brain diseases. This book also provides new tools for brain research and cognitive neurosciences based on new imaging techniques. Edited by Professor Shoogo Ueno, who has been leading the field of biomedical imaging for 40 years, it is an ideal reference book for graduate and undergraduate students and researchers in medicine and medical physics who are looking for an authoritative treatise on this expanding discipline of imaging and sensing in medicine and biology. Features: Provides step-by-step explanations of biochemical and physical principles in biomedical imaging Covers state-of-the art equipment and cutting-edge methodologies used in biomedical imaging Serves a broad spectrum of readers due to the interdisciplinary topic and approach Shoogo Ueno, Ph.D, is a professor emeritus of the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. His research interests include biomedical imaging and bioelectromagnetics, particularly in brain mapping and neuroimaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He was the President of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, BEMS (2003-2004) and the Chairman of the Commission K on Electromagnetics in Biology and Medicine of the International Union of Radio Science, URSI (2000-2003). He was named the IEEE Magnetics Society Distinguished Lecturer during 2010 and received the d'Arsonval Medal from the Bioelectromagnetics Society in 2010.

The first text to focus solely on quality and safety in radiotherapy, this work encompasses not only traditional, more technically oriented, quality assurance activities, but also general approaches of quality and safety. It includes contributions from experts both inside and outside the field to present a global view. The task of assuring quality is no longer viewed solely as a technical, equipment-dependent endeavor. Instead, it is now recognized as depending on both the processes and the people delivering the service. Divided into seven broad categories, the text covers: Quality Management and Improvement includes discussions about lean thinking, process control, and access to services. Patient Safety and Managing Error looks at reactive and prospective error management techniques. Methods to Assure and Improve Quality deals broadly with techniques to monitor, assure, and improve quality. People and Quality focuses on human factors, changing roles, staffing, and training. Quality Assurance in Radiotherapy addresses the general issues of quality assurance with descriptions of the key systems used to plan and treat patients and includes specific recommendations on the types and frequencies of certain tests. Quality Control: Equipment and Quality Control: Patient-Specific provides explicit details of quality control relating to equipment and patient-specific issues. Recently, a transformation of quality and safety in radiotherapy has begun to take place. Among the key drivers of this transformation have been new industrial and systems engineering approaches that have come to the forefront in recent years following revelations of system failures. This book provides an approach to quality that is long needed, one that deals with both human and technical aspects that must be the part of any overall quality improvement program.

The most important radiotherapy modality used today, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), is the most technologically advanced radiotherapy cancer treatment available, rapidly replacing conformal and three-dimensional techniques. Because of these changes, oncologists and radiotherapists need up-to-date information gathered by physicists and engineers. Focusing on new developments and the preliminary clinical implementation, Contemporary IMRT: Developing Physics and Clinical Implementation discusses the relationship between these advances and applications. Capturing contemporary technological advances, the book reviews modern applications of IMRT and shows how IMRT is used now and how it will be used in the future. The book begins with a historical background of IMRT as well as a discussion of the current state of IMRT. It also covers technical solutions that have been commercialized, such as the sliding window technique, step-and-shoot, tomotherapy, and the Cyberknife. The final chapter explores imaging developments and new planning methods, including gradient-descent and split modulation. Covering recent advancements in IMRT and showing how these techniques and devices have been implemented, Contemporary IMRT: Developing Physics and Clinical Implementation provides state-of-the-art findings for oncologists, radiotherapists, radiographers, physicists, and engineers.

Understand Quantitative Radiobiology from a Radiation Biophysics Perspective In the field of radiobiology, the linear-quadratic (LQ) equation has become the standard for defining radiation-induced cell killing. Radiotherapy Treatment Planning: Linear-Quadratic Radiobiology describes tumor cell inactivation from a radiation physics perspective and offers appropriate LQ parameters for modeling tumor and normal tissue responses. Explore the Latest Cell Killing Numbers for Defining Iso-Effective Cancer Treatments The book compiles radiation mechanism information from biophysical publications of the past 50 years, addressing how ionizing radiation produces the killing of stem cells in human tumors. It presents several physical and chemical parameters that can modulate the radiation response of clonogenic cells in tumors. The authors describe the use of the LQ model in basic radiation mechanism studies with cells of relatively homogeneous radiation response and then extend the model to the fitting of survival data generated with heterogeneous cell populations (tumors). They briefly discuss how to use the LQ model for predicting tumor (local) control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). The book also examines potential molecular targets related to alpha- and beta-inactivation and gives suggestions for further molecular characterizations of these two independent processes. Develop Efficacious, Patient-Friendly Treatments at Reduced Costs Focusing on quantitative radiobiology in LQ formulation, this book assists medical physicists and radiation oncologists in identifying improved cancer treatments. It also encourages investigators to translate potentially improved radiotherapy schedules based on TCP and NTCP modeling into actual patient benefit.

This issue of PET Clinics focuses on PET Imaging in Pediatric Patients and is edited by Drs. Hongming Zhuang and Abass Alavi. Articles will include: Promising New PET tracers in the evaluation of pediatric disease; F-DOPA PET/CT in the management of congenital hyperinsulinism; Emerging roles of PET/MRI in pediatric hospital; Roles of FDG PET/CT in the management of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in pediatric patient; FDG-PET/CT in the management of pediatric lymphoma; Preparation and logistic consideration in performing PET/CT and PET/MRI in pediatric patients; PET/CT in the evaluation of FUO and infectious/inflammatory disease in pediatric patients; Roles of PET/CT in the evaluation of neuroblastoma; Potential Roles of Total Body Imaging in Pediatric Diseases and Disorders; PET/CT in the Management of Pediatric Sarcomas; Pediatric Cardiac PET Imaging; Dosimetry between PET/CT and PET/MRI: Implications in Pediatric Imaging; Essential Role of Global Disease Assessment in Assessing Systemic Disorders, and more!

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Spine Intervention and is edited by Dr. Majid Khan. Articles will include: The Spine: Embryology and anatomy; Osteoporosis and tumoral spine involvement: Overview and diagnosis; Hot and cold spine tumor ablations; Vertebral compression fractures treatment with cement augmentation procedures; Sacral fractures and sacroplasty; Conventional image guided procedures for painful spine; Advanced image guided procedures for painful spine; Image guided percutaneous treatment of lumbar stenosis and disc degeneration; Overview, diagnosis and treatment of spinal CSF leak; Overview, diagnosis and treatment of Spine vascular malformation; Rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) for spine biopsies; and more!

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Psychoradiology, and is edited by Dr. Qiyong Gong. Articles will include: Clinical Strategies and Technical Challenges in Psychoradiology; Resting State Functional MRI for Psychiatry; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Psychiatry; Psychoradiology of Major Depression; Psychoradiological Biomarkers for Psychopharmaceutical Effects; Implementing Imaging into Clinical Routine Screening for Psychosis; Imaging of Autism; Individual-specific Analysis for Psychoradiology; Interventional Psychoradiology: Imaging Guided Therapeutic Intervention of Neuropsychiatric Disorders; Imaging-based Subtyping for Psychiatric Syndromes; Imaging of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; Imaging of Schizophrenia; and more!

This issue of PET Clinics focuses on Evolving Role of PET in Interventional Radiology Based Procedures, and is edited by Drs. Abass Alavi (the Consulting Editor of PET Clinics), Marnix Lam, Stephen Hunt, and Ghassan El-Haddad. Articles will include: Y-90 PET/CT and radioembolization; FDG-PET and radioembolization; Ga-68-PSMA PET and HCC; C11 Acetate-PET for hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing radioembolization; FDG-PET for Ablation Treatment Planning, Intraprocedural Monitoring and Response; Global FDG Response Assessment to IR Procedures with Concomitant Immunotherapy; PET Assessment of Abscopal Effects and Pseudoprogression from IR Procedures; FDG-PET for monitoring response to embolotherapy (TACE) in primary and metastatic liver disease; and more!

Leading expert physicians and investigators from around the world review the state-of-the-art in the management of squamous cell head and neck cancer, with emphasis on coordinating different treatment modalities. The authors address several surgical issues, including laser-based surgery, larynx preservation approaches, salvage surgery, and neck management after non-operative treatment. They also discuss definitive radiation for larynx cancer, brachytherapy, altered fractionation radiation, intensity modulated radiation therapy, and the importance of tumor hypoxia, as well as the role of chemotherapy in sequential, concurrent, and adjuvant multi-modality treatment schedules. Other topics of special interest include targeted and gene therapies, multimodality management of nasopharyngeal cancer, chemoprevention, toxicity modification, quality of life outcomes, symptom palliation, and epidemiology.

In this issue, guest editors bring their considerable expertise to this important topic. Provides in-depth reviews on the latest updates in the field, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews.

Good and effective treatment in radiotherapy requires careful consideration of the complex variables involved as well as critical assessment of the techniques. This new edition of an established classic takes into account advances in imaging and treatment delivery and reflects the current state of the art in the practice of radiotherapy, emphasizing the underlying principles of treatment that can be applied for conventional, conformal, and novel treatments.

Given that treatment with curative intent is possible in only one-half of cancer victims, and that such treatment frequently fails, the majority of patients with cancer will require relief of symptoms and signs caused by their disease. In this book, the specific contribution of radiation therapy to palliation is considered within the context of multidisciplinary management. Individual chapters are devoted to palliative radiation therapy for primary tumours and metastases at different sites. The management of pain is discussed, and chapters are also devoted to end of life care, the management of complications of radiation therapy, and useful medications. This book will prove useful and interesting not only to radiation oncologists but also to medical students of all ages and to doctors from all disciplines who are concerned with the relief or prevention of suffering in patients with cancer.

On-treatment verification imaging has developed rapidly in recent years and is now at the heart of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) and all aspects of radiotherapy planning and treatment delivery. This is the first book dedicated to just this important topic, which is written in an accessible manner for undergraduate and graduate therapeutic radiography (radiation therapist) students and trainee medical physicists and clinicians. The later sections of the book will also help established medical physicists, therapeutic radiographers, and radiation therapists familiarise themselves with developing and cutting-edge techniques in IGRT. Features: Clinically focused and internationally applicable; covering a wide range of topics related to on-treatment verification imaging for the study of IGRT Accompanied by a library of electronic teaching and assessment resources for further learning and understanding Authored by experts in the field with over 18 years' experience of pioneering the original forms of on-treatment verification imaging in radiotherapy (electronic portal imaging) in clinical practice, as well as substantial experience of teaching the techniques to trainees

This book concisely reviews important advances in radiation oncology, providing practicing radiation oncologists with a fundamental understanding of each topic and an appreciation of its significance for the future of radiation oncology. It explores in detail the impact of newer imaging modalities, such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and other novel agents, which deliver improved visualization of the physiologic and phenotypic features of a given cancer, helping oncologists to provide more targeted radiotherapy and assess the response. Due consideration is also given to how advanced technologies for radiation therapy delivery have created new treatment options for patients with localized and metastatic disease, highlighting the increasingly important role of image-guided radiotherapy in treating systemic and oligometastatic disease. Further topics include the potential value of radiotherapy in enhancing immunotherapy thanks to the broader immune-stimulatory effects, how cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment influence response, and the application of mathematical and systems biology methods to radiotherapy.

This book explores the physics of CT dosimetry and provides practical guidance on best practice for medical researchers and practitioners. A rigorous description of the basic physics of CT dosimetry is presented and illustrates flaws of the current methodology. It also contains helpful (and rigorous) shortcuts to reduce the measurement workload for medical physicists. The mathematical rigor is accompanied by easily-understood physical explanations and numerous illustrative figures. Features: Authored by a recognised expert in the field and award-winning teacher Includes derivations for tube current modulation and variable pitch as well as stationary table techniques Explores abnormalities present in dose-tracking software based on CTDI and presents methods to correct them

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Temporal Bone Imaging: Clinicoradiologic and Surgical Considerations, and is edited by Drs. Gul Moonis and Amy Fan-Yee Juliano. Articles will include: Imaging of Temporal Bone Infection Inflammation; Imaging of Meniere's Disease; Treatment of Vestibular Schwannoma; Post Operative Imaging of the Temporal Bone; Otosclerosis and Dysplasias of the Temporal Bone; Imaging of Syndromes with Temporal Bone Abnormalities; Imaging of Third Window Lesions; Imaging of Tinnitus; Imaging of Temporal Bone Tumors; Imaging of Pediatric Hearing Loss; Common Otologic Surgical Procedures: Clinical Decision Making Pearls; Imaging of Temporal Bone Trauma: A Clinicoradiologic Perspective; and more!

This issue of Radiologic Clinics of North America focuses on Imaging of the Pelvis and Lower Extremity, and is edited by Drs. Laura Bancroft and Kurt Scherer. Articles will include: Turf toe injury/Plantar plate pathology; Lisfranc injury; Metatarsalgia; Ankle impingement types; Posterolateral corner injury; Imaging of the post-operative meniscus; Demystifying uncommon sources of pelvic pain; Current concepts of femoro-acetabular impingement; Bone/soft tissue tumors about the foot/ankle; Ultrasound intervention of the lower extremity/pelvis; Lower extremity neuropathies (entrapment); Extreme sport injuries of the pelvis/lower extremity; and more!

The book is divided into two parts: Part I deals with the relevant physics and planning algorithms of protons (H Breuer) and Part II with the radiobiology, radiopathology and clinical outcomes of proton therapy and a comparison of proton therapy versus photon therapy (BJ Smit). Protons can be used for radiosurgery and general radio therapy. Since proton therapy was first proposed in 1946 by Wilson, about sixteen facilities have been built globally. Only a very few of these have isocentric beam delivery systems so that proton therapy is really only now in a position to be compared directly by means of randomised clinical trials, with modern photon radiotherapy therapy sys tems, both for radiosurgery and for general fractionated radiotherapy. Three-dimensional proton planning computer systems with image fusion (image of computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance registration) capabilities imaging (MRI), stereotactic angiograms and perhaps positron emission tomography (PET) are essential for accurate proton therapy planning. New planning systems for spot scanning are under development. Many of the older comparisons of the advantageous dose distributions for protons were made with parallel opposing or multiple co-planar field arrangements, which are now largely obsolete. New comparative plans are necessary once more because of the very rapid progress in 3-D conformal planning with photons. New cost-benefit analy ses may be needed. Low energy (about 70 MeV) proton therapy is eminently suitable for the treatment of eye tumours and has firmly established itself as very useful in this regard."

In this issue of PET Clinics, guest editors Arman Rahmim, Babak Saboury, and Eliot Siegel bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Artificial Intelligence and PET Imaging. Provides in-depth, clinical reviews on the latest updates in AI and PET Imaging, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field; Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews.

This easy-to-understand pocketbook in the highly respected Clark’s stable of imaging texts is an invaluable tool and training aid, providing essential information for mammographic positioning, technique and interpretation for mammography practitioners at all levels. Adopting a systematic and structured approach facilitating rapid reference in the clinical setting, the book covers general principles and all routine mammographic projections, including additional and adapted projections covered in a separate section, and is highly illustrated with clear explanatory line diagrams and imaging photographs. Clark’s Essential Guide to Mammography is ideal as an educational tool for trainee mammographers, trainee assistant and associate apprenticeship mammographers, mammography training teams and universities delivering mammography education and a convenient clinical guide for practising mammographers, including assistant and associate apprenticeship mammographers.

Linear Accelerators for Radiation Therapy, Second Edition focuses on the fundamentals of accelerator systems, explaining the underlying physics and the different features of these systems. This edition includes expanded sections on the treatment head, on x-ray production via multileaf and dynamic collimation for the production of wedged and other intensity modulated beams, on electron scattering systems, and on dosimetry. With high-quality illustrations and practical examples throughout, it contains a detailed description of electron beam optics and linear accelerator components. The final chapter explains how to use other equipment, such as scanners and simulators, in conjunction with linear accelerators for optimum treatment of cancers.