Handy companion to common topics in Rehabilitation Medicine, including stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, lower limb amputation, spasticity, cardiopulmonary and geriatrics rehabilitationAlso included are chapters on Management of Medical Emergencies and Complications in Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation in the Intensive Care Unit and Rehabilitation TechnologyApproach is problem-based and clinically orientedUseful guide for rehabilitation healthcare professionals including doctors, medical students, nurses and therapists

This book highlights the underlying importance of post-stroke complications during recovery, allowing healthcare professionals managing stroke patients to understand their frequency and identify which patients are at risk of developing such complications. Complications are categorised into neurological and non-neurological, and the time-frame for these complications both in the short-term and long-term are discussed. The common practices in managing post-stroke complications and the skills required in their prevention are described, as is the evidence base from clinical trials around their management. The book concludes with a discussion of new developments and research priorities for the future. Management of Post-Stroke Complications is aimed at members of the multidisciplinary stroke team, stroke physicians, neurologists, general practitioners, stroke specialists in training, and medical students.

This important book presents a unique, personal account of the impact a mild traumatic brain injury can have. It tells the story of Pauline, who was 33 when a late football tackle caused a bleed in her brain which went undiscovered for 18 months. The account includes descriptions of hidden symptoms of concussion and post-concussion syndrome, pitfalls in diagnoses, the uneven progress of recovery and the effect of the varied reactions which others have to an acquired brain injury. The author incorporates memories alongside extracts from clinic notes, diary entries and emails to reflect the disjointed progress of diagnosis and recovery as- although similar- no two head injuries are the same. Through this book, the reader gains an appreciation of the confusion experienced by many brain injury survivors, which sheds light on why some may develop unusual behavior or mental health issues, and how such issues can be alleviated. Brain injuries are poorly understood by the general public and this can lead to difficult interactions. Moreover, complications in diagnosis means some may not realize they have this milder form of brain injury. This book will enlighten brain injury survivors and affected families and allow professionals an insight into their patients' experiences. As concerns grow over the risks which contact sports pose, this book shows how even mild brain injuries can wreak havoc with careers, relationships and one's sense of self, but that a happy life can still be found.

This edited book focuses on the role and use of VR for healthcare professions in both health and rehabilitation settings. It is also offers future trends of other emerging technology within medicine and allied health professions. This text draws on expertise of leading medical practitioners and researchers who utilise such VR technologies in their practices to enhance patient/service user outcomes. Research and practical evidence is presented with a strong applied emphasis to further enhance the use VR technologies within the community, the hospital and in education environment(s). The book may also be used to influence policymakers on how healthcare delivery is offered.

Identity (Re)constructions After Brain Injury: Personal and Family Identity investigates how being diagnosed with acquired brain injury (ABI) impacts identity (re)construction in both adults with ABI and their close relatives. To show how being diagnosed with ABI impacts identity (re)construction, this book investigates key patterns of identity construction. Discourse analysis, especially on the concept of positioning, provides an understanding of the changes and developmental processes in these self-narratives. These narrative (re)constructions point to a developmental change of identity in the course of the different phases of the recovery process for both persons with ABI and their relatives, including conflicting voices from society, service providers, relatives, and other adults with ABI. In addition, the (re)construction process is characterized by much ambivalence in both ABI survivors and relatives. Three perspectives are triangulated: (1) an insider perspective from ABI survivors; (2) an insider perspective from relatives; and (3) an outsider perspective from the researchers. This allows us to see how identities are negotiated and constructed in concrete situations. This innovative book will be required reading for all students and academics working in the fields of disability studies, rehabilitation psychology, sociology, allied health, and social care.

This important book presents a unique, personal account of the impact a mild traumatic brain injury can have. It tells the story of Pauline, who was 33 when a late football tackle caused a bleed in her brain which went undiscovered for 18 months. The account includes descriptions of hidden symptoms of concussion and post-concussion syndrome, pitfalls in diagnoses, the uneven progress of recovery and the effect of the varied reactions which others have to an acquired brain injury. The author incorporates memories alongside extracts from clinic notes, diary entries and emails to reflect the disjointed progress of diagnosis and recovery as- although similar- no two head injuries are the same. Through this book, the reader gains an appreciation of the confusion experienced by many brain injury survivors, which sheds light on why some may develop unusual behavior or mental health issues, and how such issues can be alleviated. Brain injuries are poorly understood by the general public and this can lead to difficult interactions. Moreover, complications in diagnosis means some may not realize they have this milder form of brain injury. This book will enlighten brain injury survivors and affected families and allow professionals an insight into their patients' experiences. As concerns grow over the risks which contact sports pose, this book shows how even mild brain injuries can wreak havoc with careers, relationships and one's sense of self, but that a happy life can still be found.

Now fully revised and updated, Dr. Barbara Gladson's Pharmacology for Rehabilitation Professionals, 2nd Edition, remains your best resource for understanding how various drugs affect patients during therapeutic exercise and rehabilitation. Using case studies and engaging activities, it helps you apply essential pharmacology information directly to rehabilitation practice. New chapters, a new reader-friendly design, new artwork, and more enhance the text and bring you up to date with both basic pharmacologic principles as well as the mechanism of action and side effects of drugs commonly seen in rehabilitation practice. Helps you develop effective exercise programs by providing drug/exercise interactions from a pharmacokinetics perspective. You willl clearly see the implications for exercise for each specific condition and medication. Presents case studies in every chapter that demonstrate the effects of various drugs on the diagnosis, prognosis, and interventions in physical therapy, so you can more easily monitor patients for adverse drug effects. Features engaging activities in every chapter, ranging from patient interviews to challenging, real-life questions, helping you retain and apply what you've learned. Encourages you to use the latest research in your clinical decision making with evidence-based content incorporated throughout. Simplifies the complex topic of pharmacokinetics so that you will fully understand how it affects your individual patients and your care plans. Guides you in using the Internet for online drug information with references to specific sites, and when and how to use them to their fullest potential. Discusses lifespan considerations such as age, physical differences, and obesity, as well as the latest information on diabetes and glucose testing. A new chapter on Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pharmacology covers popular herbal and alternative products used to promote health, as well as herbal remedies used during menopause and in the treatment of cancer, helping you recognize the impact of herbals on your patients' symptoms and response to therapy. A new chapter on Drugs Affecting the Integumentary System discusses skin disorders and their pharmacological treatment, prophylactic and debriding agents, antiseptics, and more. A new chapter on Nutrition and Pharmacology provides current information on vitamins and minerals, enteral and parenteral nutrition, and food and drug interactions -- important topics that affect rehabilitation outcomes. Updated drug information and new drugs are added throughout the text, keeping you up to date with current pharmacological information as it pertains to rehabilitation.

Originally published in 1989, presenting a new perspective on cognitive therapy in neuropsychology, these papers examine a cognitively-oriented, single-case methodology in neuropsychological rehabilitation. The recommended strategy is in-depth analysis of the precise nature of the impaired as well as the preserved processing components in the individual patient. The objective is to design a therapeutic course based on individual patient needs that is justified by the theoretical interpretation of the location of the deficit in his or her cognitive architecture.

The first book to focus on non-traditional, emerging disabilities and their implications for rehabilitation practice. Emerging disabilities are disabling conditions that are either new to medical science, often medically debated, and lacking in known etiology; or those increasing in prevalence in recent years. This master's level text is the first to eschew traditional disabilities to focus specifically on the unique characteristics and needs of individuals with emerging disabilities (i.e. multiple chemical sensitivity, fibromyalgia, Lyme disease) or those currently increasing in prevalence (i.e. diabetes, autism, PTSD), and explore their implications for rehabilitation counseling practice. The text is also unique in its examination of how disability causes, types, and patterns are changing in response to current medical, social, cultural, and environmental trends and in addressing necessary changes to rehabilitation policies and practices to better serve consumers with emerging disabilities. The book explores important sociological and environmental phenomena such as global warming, pollution, poverty, violence, migration patterns, addiction,and substance abuse, and the changing age demographic of the U.S. that has altered the landscape of disability policy and rehabilitation services in the 21st century. Each chapter provides specific examples of disabling conditions and discusses their medical, psychosocial, and vocational significance. The authors examine implications for rehabilitation assessment, planning and placement, and emphasize changes needed to rehabilitation policy and practice. The text is replete with practical evidence-based strategies for meeting the psychosocial and vocational needs of people with emerging disabilities. Each chapter includes case examples, learning objectives, and discussion questions. An instructor's manual accompanies the textbook. Key Features: Describes disabling conditions either new to medical science or increasing in prevalence in modern society Examines socio-cultural, environmental, and legislative trends that have resulted in emerging disabilities Delivers policy, programming, and research recommendations to improve services and supports for Americans with emerging disabilities Provides practical, evidence-based strategies for meeting the psychosocial and vocational needs of people with emerging disabilities Includes learning objectives, case examples, instructor's manual, Power Points, syllabus, and test bank

Now in its third edition, Sports Medicine: Study Guide and Review for Boards continues as the leading review text offering a focused survey of non-surgical sports medicine topics. Updated throughout to reflect current sports science, protocols, and practice, this book covers all topics related to and found on the Sports Medicine board examination. Written in outline format for targeted review, the book serves as a primary study tool for candidates preparing for initial certification or recertification as well as those wanting to supplement their training in sports medicine.Organized according to the exam blueprint with topics weighted to reflect their emphasis on the test, sections cover all subject areas found on the boards including basic science and general procedures; health promotion and preventative aspects; emergency assessment and care; and diagnosis, management, and treatment for the full range of sports-related injuries and conditions. A final sub-section on emerging topics in the field includes chapters on regenerative medicine, sports ultrasound, and a newly added chapter on exercise as medicine. The book also contains a practice test of over 260 questions new to this edition with answer key and detailed rationales for candidates to assess clinical knowledge and assist with final preparation for boards. Loaded with high-yield facts throughout, this proven resource is fit for any student, trainee, or clinician preparing for boards, MOC, or in-training exams. Key Features: Offers comprehensive coverage of all topics tested on the Sports Medicine Examination Encourages targeted review through easy-to-read outline format Illustrates key points with over 100 figures and tables for enhanced learning Contains full practice test with 260+ questions, answers, and explanations Purchase includes digital access for use on most mobile devices or computers

Originally published in 1993, the previous decade had seen considerable development in the field of neuropsychological rehabilitation following brain damage, and the use of computerized methods attracted attention and stimulated controversy. This practically-oriented text reviews representative examples from the literature at the time relating to the training of cognitive systems with the emphasis on studies describing the use of computerized methods. The topic is discussed in context and the contents include sections on cognitive change in neurological disorders, assessment techniques, the interaction between cognition and behaviour and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of microcomputers. The authors describe the evaluation of a computerized cognitive retraining programme run at the Regional Neurological Centre in Newcastle-upon-Tyne and draw on their experience of running such programmes to give practical guidance to those wishing to set up cognitive retraining programmes.

This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, guest edited by Drs. David X. Cifu and Blessen C. Eapen, will discuss a number of important topics in Integrative Medicine and Rehabilitation. This issue of one of four issues selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Santos Martinez. Topics discussed in this issue include, but are not limited to: Acupuncture, Role of Nutrition in the Rehabilitation Settings, Lifestyle Medicine, Performing Arts Medicine, Mindfulness Based Interventions, Movement Based Therapies, Whole Medical Systems the Rehabilitation Setting, Autonomic Rehabilitation, Vitamins, Supplements, Herbs and Essential Oils, Functional Medicine, and Pain University, among other topics.

""Counseling Individuals with Life-Threatening Illness" provides a practical guide for counselors who work with clients and families impacted by life-threatening illness. The language and content are appropriate for undergraduate and graduate courses, as well as workshops and trainings for professionals....As the healthcare system continues to evolve, "Counseling Individuals with Life-Threatening Illness" is a valuable resource for counselors as they find themselves working on interdisciplinary teams with individuals and families impacted by life-threatening illness."--The Professional Counselor Journal

"With characteristic clarity, Doka draws on the classic and contemporary literature as well as his own pedagogy and practice in death and dying to offer orienting concepts for the whole spectrum of care people may require when illness intrudes into their lives. For each phase of the illness trajectory...he offers intelligent attention to the problems and prospects people confront, and in countless examples of actual clinical situations he brings to life the concepts that inform compassionate care."

From the Foreword by Robert A. Neimeyer, PhD
University of Memphis

"This book would provide a very good introduction to the psychosocial and spiritual domains for any doctor or nurse coming into palliative care. It provides a lot of information, mixed with some distilled wisdom, as well as a solid grounding about how to relate to these patients and their families in a patient-centered way."--IAHPC Newsletter (International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care)

This holistic, family-centered guide to counseling individuals with life-threatening illness considers not only the physical manifestations of the illness, but its psychological, social, economic, and spiritual implications. Revised and updated to reflect the most current research and enhanced theoretical development, this second edition encompasses new therapies that enhance meaning-making at life's end, and offers expanded sections on counseling families during the illness and as they grieve. One of the book's most significant changes involves the adaptation of a model of concurrent care. This model of care has great implications for end-of-life care, bridging the divide between treatment that is primarily palliative and treatment that seeks to cure or extend life.

Comprehensive and practical, the book discusses such social and psychological factors as gender, race, ethnicity, social class, education, and intelligence, and how they inform the experience of gravely ill people. The initial crisis of diagnosis is addressed along with unique considerations for those who live with chronic illness, those who are terminally ill, and those who recover. New to This Edition:

Generational differences as a source of diversity Expanded sections involving meaning-making strategies (dignity-enhancement therapy, living eulogies, reminiscence therapy, life review, meaning-centered therapy, moral/ethical issues, and heart wills) Discussion of end-of-life phenomena and ways to assist patient and family in interpreting and responding to them Enhanced coverage of caregiver issues Expanded discussion of spirituality Additional behavioral strategies to assist pain management Anticipatory mourning Post-death grief for family members Chronic care and rehabilitation Incorporates Rand Study on Concurrent Care and other new models

Adventure and extreme sports are increasing in popularity and it is not surprising that commercial adventure tourism and the accompanying life style and fashion, have become increasingly important to world economy. These unique sports involve not only major physical endurance and mental challenges but interaction and bonding with nature. They also tend to attract and excite audiences, both at the event and in the media. They are exciting to watch and redraw the boundaries of human achievement with the accompanying risks of injury and death. Adventure sports are usually performed in beautiful, exciting and remote locations or in extreme environments far away from medical assistance. Extreme sports usually involve an element of increased risk. These risks are highlighted by the media, usually after a reported accident or fatality but may vary according to the involvement of the participant; the weekend recreational adventure sports athlete or the experienced professional. A wide variety of sports fall into the category of adventure and extreme sports and with an increasing number of disciplines, this field is ever expanding. Sports are performed in contact with the "ground"; mountain running and biking, rock climbing, ice climbing and mountaineering. In the air: skydiving and base jumping. On water: surfing, white water kayaking and rafting, board sailing and diving. And also involve mechanical vehicles and animals! Some sports may be performed as a combination of few disciplines, such as water and air, e.g. kite surfing, and as so involve very unique mechanisms of injury. Sports events can also be merged to form a multi-sport race comprising many disciplines lastly from single to multi day races. Sports may involve competition with others, against the environment or with oneself, frequently the most ferocious adversary. Adventure sports are becoming increasingly popular in the general public and a few take these sports to an extreme level with the accompanying risks. Those that do, bring such time and dedication that they become professional in terms of training, preparation and finance. More and more people are enjoying adventure sports and unfortunately increased numbers are becoming injured as a result. Future research is progressing alongside the sport development, to allow the sport mechanisms, injury patterns and predisposing factors to be better understood. It is the hope of all researchers to make the sports safer without detracting from their adventurous nature. The aim and scope of our book would be to bring the sports medicine involved ineach of these sports into one volume. We would explain each sport including subtle similarities and differences, the common injury mechanisms, patterns of injury and treatment options. Additional chapters would include the mental characteristics of adventure racers and extreme sports athletes, together with the complexities of competing in hot and cold extreme environments. The book will present chapters focussing on the sports listed below, concentrating on published literature and newly formed studies by experts in the fields of injury epidemiology, prevention, management and rehabilitation.

This book aims to bring to the reader an overview of different applications of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on more than 20 years of experience working on these interfaces. The author provides a review of the human brain and EEG signals, describing the human brain, anatomically and physiologically, with the objective of showing some of the patterns of EEG (electroencephalogram) signals used to control BCIs. It then introduces BCIs and different applications, such as a BCI based on ERD/ERS Patterns in rhythms (used to command a robotic wheelchair with an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system onboard it); a BCI based on dependent-SSVEP to command the same robotic wheelchair; a BCI based on SSVEP to command a telepresence robot and its onboard AAC system; a BCI based on SSVEP to command an autonomous car; a BCI based on independent-SSVEP (using Depth-of-Field) to command the same robotic wheelchair; the use of compressive technique in SSVEP-based BCI; a BCI based on motor imagery (using different techniques) to command a robotic monocycle and a robotic exoskeleton; and the first steps to build a neurorehabilitation system based on motor imagery of pedalling together an in immersive virtual environment. This book is intended for researchers, professionals and students working on assistive technology.

This book describes psychosocial working conditions that negatively impact the mental and physical well-being of employees of various "assistance-related" professional groups, as well as individuals whose work is related to contact with demanding clients. It offers concepts and research on the causes and effects of emotional burden (most often manifested as stress and burnout) when working with patients, children, and clients. The book provides a detailed analysis of various aspects of emotional burden at work. It includes a description of studies carried out in 5 different professional groups that were exposed to emotional burden during emotional work and emotional labour. The book discusses the application of known and international diagnostic methods and provides an intercultural comparison. The current diagnosis of stress and burnout, as well as physical and mental health of individuals performing emotional work will be covered, as well as offering practical solutions on assistance for individuals based on the diagnosis of their health. This book is for any professional or aspiring professional in the field, including postgraduate students. Scientists and practitioners in the field of work and health psychology, management, occupational health and safety, and HR will find this book of interest. Employers of assistance and services sectors, authorities formulating employment laws, lawyers, and occupational medicine physicians are also among this book's top audience.

Based on research in camps in Iraqi Kurdistan and among refugees in Germany, this book addresses the challenges, strategies and support systems that exist for the rehabilitation and reintegration of Yazidi women recovering from human trafficking. Through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and case studies, it gives women trafficked by ISIS their own voice to express their experiences during captivity, whilst offering an overview of the forms of support and protection available and necessary for survivors. An examination of the experiences and needs of refugee women who have undergone traumatizing experiences, Trauma and the Rehabilitation of Trafficked Women will appeal to scholars and policy makers with interests in gender studies, feminist thought, sexual violence during war, human trafficking and trauma recovery.

This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, guest edited by Drs. John L. Lin, will discuss a number of important topics around Spinal Cord Injury. This issue of one of four issues selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Santos Martinez. Topics discussed in this issue include, but are not limited to: Updates for the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury, Approaching Prognosis for Recovery after SCI, Cognitive Dysfunction in Persons with Spinal Cord Injuries, Spinal Cord Injury Pain: updated for the 21st century, Pulmonary management in patients with spinal cord injury, Therapeutic interventions to improve mobility with spinal cord injury related upper motor neuron syndromes, Neurogenic bowel management using trans-anal irrigation by persons with spinal cord injury, Heterotopic Ossification: beyond etidronate, Orthopedic Surgical Management of Upper Extremity Dysfunctions in Pediatric Populations with Spinal Cord injury, and Vocational Rehab and employment after spinal cord injury, among others.

Life and Suicide Following Brain Injury tells the story of Tom, a 43 year-old man who acquired a brain injury from a road traffic accident at the age of 22. Tom survived but went on to take his own life 20 years later. As a vulnerable adult with mental health issues and long-term difficulties with substance misuse, this book tells Tom's story from his early childhood through to his death. In telling Tom's story, the author- a researcher in the brain injury field and Tom's sister- identifies the multiple suicide risk factors as well as the lack of understanding and inadequate service provision for people with complex needs following TBI. His story serves as a harrowing example of what can go wrong when timely intervention and support is not forthcoming, identifying a multitude of risk factors and possible points of intervention to improve care in the future. This book provides insight to professionals and academics across health and social care in the risks of suicide associated with TBI. It also provides support for those who have experienced the grief of losing a survivor to suicide, or those struggling to support a survivor who is suicidal.

This issue of Medical Clinics, guest edited by Dr. David A. Lenrow, is devoted to Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Articles in this issue include: Therapeutic Exercise; Rehabilitation of Patients Post-CVA; Traumatic Brain Injury; Amputee Care; Rehabilitation of Complex Medical Patients; Cancer Rehabilitation; Care of the Patient with Spinal Cord Injury; Back and Neck Pain; Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation; Sports Medicine; Geriatric Rehabilitation; and Determination of Post-acute Hospitalization Level of Care.

Geriatric Rehabilitation addresses the fact that this is an age in which individuals have increasing longevity, better health care, education and expectations of health care which present new, increasing and even radical challenges to health care providers. The care of our older patients in rehabilitation settings demands the broad understanding of the key differences in strategies to care for older adults. The combined skills embraced in rehabilitation and geriatrics are presenting unprecedented opportunities for both fields to make substantive and even ground-breaking improvements in the lives of millions of older adults who entrust their lives to us. Rarely in one's medical career are such opportunities so evident and achievable. Geriatric Rehabilitation edited by Dr. K. Rao Poduri, MD. FAAPMR draws on a distinguished group of authors who are the front-line providers of care to the older adults. This book presents the full spectrum of the unique care needs of older patients who need the combined skills of physical medicine and geriatrics. It provides an easily accessible means of acquiring and improving these new skills for all those involved in geriatric care.

This book contains a comprehensive overview of all current uses of robots in rehabilitation. The underlying principles in each application are provided. This is followed by a critical review of the technology available, of the utilization protocols, and of user studies, outcomes, and clinical evidence, if existing. Ethical and social implications of robot use are also discussed. The reader will have an in depth view of rehabilitation robots, from principles to practice.

The only text about counseling theories and techniques developed specifically for upper-level rehabilitation counseling students and professionals, this book is now fully updated with a focus on evidence-based practice. It reflects the great strides made in incorporating research-based knowledge into counseling/therapy interventions, as influenced by the EBP movement, since the first edition's publication nearly 10 years ago. Written by esteemed experts in their content areas, the text emphasizes state-of-the-art scientific evidence that supports the effectiveness of various counseling approaches and techniques for people with and without disabilities.

New topics include evidence-based practice related to counseling/psychotherapy, counseling veterans with physical or mental disabilities, mindfulness counseling, and motivational interviewing. Case studies in each chapter reinforce contents, and each chapter also includes learning objectives and classroom exercises. An accompanying instructor's manual contains a sample syllabus, an item bank for developing quizzes and exams, and PowerPoint presentations for each chapter. The text also serves as a valuable reference for rehabilitation and related health professionals.

New to the Second Edition: Emphasizes state-of-the-art scientific evidence that supports the effectiveness of leading rehabilitation counseling theories and techniques Focuses on counseling theories and techniques regarding rehabilitation and health and chronic illness and disability Serves as a text for upper-level rehabilitation counseling students and a reference for rehabilitation counseling professionals Includes new chapters on evidence-based practice regarding counseling and therapy, counseling veterans with physical or mental disabilities, mindfulness counseling, and motivational interviewing Provides Instructor's Manual

Rehabilitation practitioners face the difficult task of helping clients adjust to chronic illness or disability. This can be a long and trying process for both practitioner and client. With this handbook, however, practitioners and students can gain a wealth of insight into the critical issues clients face daily.

This book presents the dominant theories, models, and evidence-based techniques necessary to help the psychosocial adjustment of chronically ill or disabled persons. Each chapter is written from an evidence-based practice (EBP) perspective, and explores how important issues (i.e., social stigma, social support, sexuality, family, depression, and substance abuse) affect persons adjusting to chronic illness and disability.

Key features include: A review of psychopharmacological treatment options for depression, anxiety, and other disorders coinciding with rehabilitation The effect of rehabilitation on the family, including key family intervention strategies Strategies for using positive psychology and motivational interviewing in rehabilitation Multiculturalism and the effect of culture on the adjustment process Ancillary materials including an instructor's manual with a syllabus, examination items, PowerPoint presentation, and answers to class exercises

By incorporating research-based knowledge into clinical rehabilitation practice, health care professionals can ensure that people with chronic illness and disability receive only the best treatment.

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Spine Intervention and is edited by Dr. Majid Khan. Articles will include: The Spine: Embryology and anatomy; Osteoporosis and tumoral spine involvement: Overview and diagnosis; Hot and cold spine tumor ablations; Vertebral compression fractures treatment with cement augmentation procedures; Sacral fractures and sacroplasty; Conventional image guided procedures for painful spine; Advanced image guided procedures for painful spine; Image guided percutaneous treatment of lumbar stenosis and disc degeneration; Overview, diagnosis and treatment of spinal CSF leak; Overview, diagnosis and treatment of Spine vascular malformation; Rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) for spine biopsies; and more!