This book considers the aetiological factors that render renal patients at risk of infection and covers the infectious complications of the major modalities of renal replacement therapy. The book has been written by a combination of microbiologists, clinical scientists and clinicians active in the care of kidney patients at all stages in their treatment from chronic renal insufficiency through dialysis and on to transplantation. It brings together a large body of clinical and scientific material to help clinicians manage infectious complications of kidney disease. As far as is possible a clinical chapter is balanced by a chapter dealing with pathophysiology.

The book is divided in to three sections: Basic Mechanisms, Infectious Complications of Common Renal Conditions, Renal Failure and Transplantation, and Prevention and Management.

The uraemic condition as a state of immunosupression is discussed to set the scene for why renal patients are prone to so many diverse infections. Increasingly potent immunosuppressive drugs are being deployed in a variety of primary conditions and also to prevent renal allograft rejection. The mechanisms by which these drugs predispose to infection are discussed. A chapter deals specifically with peritoneal defence mechanisms of critical importance in the management of infection complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The second section of the book deals specifically with infectious complications in defined situations. For example, diabetes mellitus is discussed in detail as this is now the major cause of endstage chronic renal failure. Infectious complications of glomerulonephritis and vasculitis are discussed, and this relates to the effects of the potent immunosuppressive agents now deployed. Specific chapters are devoted to infectious complications of peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis including a chapter on mucormycosis. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C have each been given a chapter and the impact of these hepatitis viruses on the renal patient from chronic renal failure through dialysis to transplantation is described. Infectious complications of transplantation follows and reviews the common infections as well as presenting some new data on viral induced tumours.

In the final section of the book, prevention of infection is discussed with particular emphasis to vascular access and the care of the uraemic ischaemic/diabetic foot. The general principles relating to limiting the spread of infection within the Renal Unit are discussed in detail. Increasing patient mobility and travel requires that travel and vaccination in renal patients are discussed. The book ends with a practical chapter on prescribing advice for the use of common anti-microbial agents.

This book will be of value to all those involved in the care of this vulnerable group, specifically nephrologists, renal transplant surgeons and physicians and diabetologists.

During the past 4O years there have been major conceptual and technical advances in the domain of dialysis methods and renal/organ transplantation for long-term treatment of patients with End-Stage Renal Failure (ESRF). This now enables better defined, more selective strategies of treatment to be undertaken, according to patient-specific criteria such as age or underlying renal disease also taking into account the lifetime duration of these treatments. For many patients this implies necessary successive changes of mode of therapy depending on their availability, occurrence of medical/technical complications or failure and social-environmental and economic factors.

This rationale has inspired the structure of this volume which is divided into four sections: 1/ A descriptive overview of the various modes of renal replacement therapy (RRT): Extracorporeal dialysis/filtration, peritoneal dialysis, kidney and multi-organ transplantation.2/ Most appropriate indications and use of these methods, respective advantages, drawbacks and outcome in children, pregnant women and elderly patients 3/ In diabetic patients and in patients with hereditary/congenital diseases. 4/ The ethical issues generated by this new domain in Medicine by limitations in treatment facilities or medical dilemmas for acceptance, best technical choices, withdrawal or termination of RRT in individual patients.

Finally, contributors form Eastern European Countries, Africa and Far Eastern Countries analyse the current status of RRT in their respective geographical area and the ways and means required for a wider implementation of RRT in thus far lesser economically developed countries where the great majority of the populations still have no access to these life-saving therapeutic procedures.

This book provides a comprehensive review of ethical issues in clinical nephrology. With the advent of dialysis and kidney transplantation midway through the 20 Century, clinical nephrology was one of the first areas of medicine to deal with complex ethical issues such as rationing of health care and discontinuation of life-sustaining therapy. In the first section of the book this historical perspective is reviewed, followed by a consideration of legal issues. Specific ethical issues in nephrology are discussed in detail in the next section. These include problems in the allocation of chronic dialysis and in termination of that treatment. Also reviewed are issues in kidney transplantation, such as proposals for enhanced acquisition of kidneys, including a number of controversial proposals such as payment to donors and xenotransplantation; and equity in allocation of the supply of kidneys. Other chapters consider ethical issues in genetics; special problems in the care of children with kidney disease; and broad societal issues such as allocation of national resources for expensive therapies and economic issues in clinical practice. In the final part of the book ethical issues in the care of patients with kidney disease are discussed from an Asian and African perspective.

A better understanding of the pathophysiology of renal failure coupled with technological advances in dialysis techniques and renal transplantation have greatly improved the prognosis and survival for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Unfortunately, the advances and success of treatment are limited by a number of extrarenal complications that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Of these, cardiovascular abnormalities are the most common, with cardiac complications alone accounting for more than 40% of deaths in international registries. The importance of cardiovascular complications has become more apparent in recent years with the increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus and vascular nephropathy and with the general ageing of patients with ESRD. The past decade has witnessed enormous advances in understanding the causes and pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, and their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It is, therefore, of importance for physicians caring for patients with end- stage renal failure to understand the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications, to become familiar with modern diagnostic tools and techniques, and to recognise and treat these complications. The goal of this text is to provide a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of the principal cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic renal failure. The text is intended to assist nephrologists, cardiologists, and internists who care for these patients. The book includes nineteen chapters and is organised in three parts. The first includes three chapters dealing with the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in patients with end-sage renal failure. The second comprises eight chapters on the basic pathophysiology and pathobiology of cardiovascular diseases in the setting of end- stage renal failure. The third includes eight chapters focussing on clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in patients with end-stage renal failure and their management.

This book presents contributions from leading international experts in the field of nephrology. Each chapter is independent and discusses nephrology in the author's country, including the history of nephrology development, kidney disease epidemiology, clinical nephrology, dialysis practice in acute and chronic renal failure settings (hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, peritoneal dialysis), pediatric nephrology, and kidney transplantation. In addition, the book covers topics such as the job market for nephrologists, reimbursement, nephrology education, and the number of professionals in the private and public sectors. With 53 chapters and more than 300 authors from all continents offering a unique perspective on nephrology practice, it provides a much-needed information source for nephrologists around the globe. The reader will be able to travel through "Nephrology Worldwide", a pleasant reading experience with not only relevant information and updated data, but also a comprehensive look at the history, countries' peculiarities, and a critical analysis of the scenario of nephrology and renal replacement therapy. A valuable resource for healthcare professionals and other stakeholders interested in learning about the status quo of Nephrology Worldwide. "Both the failings and the successes are outlined in a way that should make this book a compelling read, not just for the well-informed renal physician, but also for planners and policy makers whose thinking and actions are integral to the way we practice medicine." - Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe, Nephrologist and 2019 Nobel Prize Winner More information on the Nephrology Worldwide initiative can be found at www.nephrologyworldwide.com.

Clinical nephrology is confronted with an emerging medical catastrophy of international proportions; endstage renal failure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Based on a number of recent studies it has become apparent, that nephrology in type 2 diabetes is a preventable condition, at least in principle. It is for this reason that it appeared timely to summarize the current state of knowledge concerning nephropathy in type 2 diabetes giving an update on the predisposing factors on which interventions are of proven benefit and on the accepted standards of management of such patients. This concise monograph is addressed not only to nephrologists, but also diabetologists and general practitioners. It is hoped that it will help to improve clinical outcomes in the future.

Inherited disorders of the kidney are becoming important, not only in pediatric nephrological practice, but also in adult nephrology, representing a high proportion of patients with end-stage renal failure. In almost 50% of all children and in 15% of adults accepted for renal replacement therapy, the causative disorders have a hereditary basis. Many of these disorders are apparent at birth but may not cause renal failure until adolescence. Others may not present until adult life. The contribution of these disorders to adult nephrological practice has so far been understated in most of the existing textbooks. This book presents a practical approach to the investigation and management of patients with inherited renal disorders. The book is aimed at both established pediatric and adult nephrologists, as well as nephrologists in training, and will also be of interest to pediatricians, geneticists, and research workers in this field.

This third edition of this text is organized into seven sections that address the educational needs of dietitians around the world who seek current information about nutritional management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Part I addresses the differences in the epidemiology of CKD and renal replacement therapy worldwide, such as environmental, ethnic, cultural, political and macroeconomic factors. Part II includes a thorough review of the components of the nutrition assessment, which includes information about psychosocial issues affecting nutritional status in kidney disease and drug-nutrient interactions, and parts III and IV review preventative strategies for common disorders associated with CKD such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease are provided, and current evidence-based treatment recommendations for the nutrition management of non-dialyzed, dialyzed and transplanted adults are addressed. Part V presents the nutritional concerns of CKD populations with special needs (i.e., pregnancy, infancy, childhood, adolescence and the elderly). The nutrition management of other disorders associated with kidney disease are covered in Part VI; these include protein-energy wasting and the inflammatory response, bone and mineral disorders, nephrotic syndrome, nephrolithiasis, and acute kidney injury. Lastly, Part VII is devoted to cutting-edge research on topics of concern in nutrition in kidney disease such as the gut microbiome including pre- and probiotics, appetite regulation, advanced glycation end products, physical activity and structured exercise, and dietary patterns including plant-based diets. When appropriate, the new clinical practice guidelines in nutrition for individuals with CKD are integrated into the chapters. The third edition of Nutrition in Kidney Disease will be a highly informative resource for nephrologists, nutrition scientists, nutritionists, and researchers and students whose research, practice, and education includes nutrition and kidney disease.

In this era of evidence-based medicine, one of the biggest challenges confronting clinicians is keeping abreast with often rapidly changing recommendations that guide clinical practice. This new edition of The Oxford Desk Reference in Nephrology is designed to overcome this problem. The editors have produced a comprehensive summary of nephrology which focuses on aspects of renal disease that are important to the clinician and have brought together the key recommendations found in current evidence-based guidelines and presented them in a uniform and accessible format. It has been designed and written so that locating information is both quick and simple, and the layout of the chapters allows the reader to identify and assimilate information rapidly. Fully updated, with new chapters covering developments in nephrological practice, in particular a section on Covid 19 and the kidneys, this Desk Reference is an important addition to the armamentarium for nephrology trainees, and consultants as well as trainees in general medicine.

This book combines the reference material of a nephrology textbook with the everyday relevance of a clinical handbook. This second edition develops and expands upon the success of the first. All the content has been updated and entirely new chapters on acid-base disorders and stone disease have been added. Understanding Kidney Diseases includes over 60 real-life case studies and is illustrated with over 200 figures. Readers can test their knowledge with a bank of multiple-choice questions and put it into practice by answering questions that patients frequently ask. The book provides all that students, residents and fellows need in order to approach a patient with a kidney problem with confidence.

This concise book provides practical strategies to help nephrologists and endocrinologists correctly diagnose and treat the various forms of parathyroid disease they may encounter in the management of chronic kidney disease. Each chapter deals with various topics related to parathyroid gland anatomy and physiology, as well as diagnostic tests and their particularities in regard to chronic disease. The book highlights the range of therapies used for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism, and critically analyses the latest research in the field. Providing an up-to-date review of the current literature, including innovations in both medical and surgical treatment and current indications for parathyroidectomy, this practice-oriented book is an excellent resource for nephrologists, endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons and family medicine physicians.

Percutaneous renal procedures are highly complex and require a great deal of surgical skill. Improve your patient care with this outstanding instruction manual from the experts. Clinically-focused throughout, the three major conditions managed by percutaneous renal surgery large renal calculi, transitional cell cancer and renal cell cancer are expertly covered by the world s leading surgeons and urologists. Well-illustrated with over 100 top-quality surgical photos and with reference to the leading society guidelines in this area, inside you ll find coverage of: Evidence-based outcomes for percutaneous management Patient selection and informed consent Preparing the patient for surgery Instrumentation used in surgery Surgical technique and patient safety Pre-and post-op counseling In addition, 10 high-quality videos offer an excellent visual guide to best practice and surgical tips and tricks of the trade. Percutaneous Renal Surgery is the perfect multi-media teaching tool, providing urologists, nephrologists and surgeons with the knowledge, confidence and clinical skills required to perform these complex and difficult surgical procedures safely and effectively. Of related interest Smith s Textbook of Endourology, 3rd edition, Smith, ISBN 9781444335545 Top Tips in Urology, 2nd edition, McLoughlin, ISBN 9780470672938

This book systemically presents the latest research on renal fibrosis, covering all the major topics in the field, including the possible mechanisms, biomarkers, and strategies for prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to its high prevalence, CKD represents a huge global economic and social burden. Irrespective of the initial causes, CKD progresses to end stage kidney disease (ESKD) due to renal fibrosis, which is characterized by glomerulosclerosis, tubule atrophy and atresia, and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the kidney. Unfortunately, an estimated 1%-2% of the adult population living with CKD will need renal replacement therapy at some point as a result of ESKD. As such, strategies for preventing or slowing CKD progression to ESKD are of utmost importance, and studies aiming to understand the mechanisms of renal fibrosis have been the focus of intensive research. Recently, novel insights into the pathophysiological processes have furthered our understanding of the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, and more importantly, promoted studies on the early diagnosis and treatment of CKD. This book draws lessons from the extensive, state-of-the-art research in this field, elaborating the new theories and new techniques to offer readers a detailed and comprehensive understanding of renal fibrosis and as well as inspiration for future research directions.

Supportive Care for the Renal Patient Second Edition provides a comprehensive, evidence-based overview of supportive care for the nephrology patient. An international group of contributors emphasise the continuum of palliative care from the time of diagnosis through to end-of-life care and the issues surrounding withdrawal of dialysis. The book addresses the psychological impact of the disease, the importance of involving the patient in making decisions about their care, ethical considerations, the role of the family and the multidisciplinary team. This new edition includes two new chapters on conservative management of advanced kidney disease (AKD) and dialysis in the very elderly. The chapters covering non pain symptoms, advance care planning, quality of life, psychological and psychiatric consideration and end-of-life care have also be completely revised to include new evidence and current thinking. This book will be of particular interest to palliative care practitioners; nephrologists, who increasingly need to know more about palliative care; nurse practitioners, dialysis nurses, social workers, dieticians, and psychiatric consultants. ABOUT THE SUPPORTIVE CARE SERIES Supportive care is the multidisciplinary holistic care of patients with chronic and life-limiting illnesses and their families - from the time around diagnosis, through treatments aimed at cure or prolonging life, and into the phase currently acknowledged as palliative care. It involves recognising and caring for the side-effects of active therapies as well as patients' symptoms, co-morbidities, psychological, social and spiritual concerns. It also values the role of family carers and helps them in supporting the patient, as well as attending to their own special needs. Unlike traditional palliative care, which grew from the terminal care of cancer patients, supportive care is not restricted to dying patients nor to cancer. This series covers the support of patients with a variety of long-term conditions, who are currently largely managed by specialist medical teams in hospital and by primary care teams in community settings. Each volume therefore provides a practical guide to the supportive care of patients at all stages of illness. Series Editor: Sam H. Ahmedzai

This book represents an invaluable resource for professionals for the diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children and how to select and deliver the appropriate form of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Experts from all over the globe have come together to share their wide experience in the field of Critical Care Nephrology in children. Paediatric critical care nephrology is a complex and highly specialised field, presenting challenges and management strategies that are often quite distinct from those seen in adult practice. Therefore, it is high time to address all the topics in the field of critical care nephrology in children in a unique book which is the first of its kind. This book covers the basics as well as advances in the field of Critical Care Nephrology. Each chapter is dedicated to practical aspects of a particular topic elucidating various management decision points. Each chapter is also accompanied with algorithms, figures and protocols in tabulated format. Information on how to manage specific conditions are contextualized with relevant background anatomy, physiology and biochemistry and practical examples. At the end of the chapter, there are key learning points. Paediatricians, nephrologists and paediatric intensivists, as well as paediatric critical care and nephrology nurses in all countries will find this book an invaluable reference text.

Palliative care has become increasingly important across the spectrum of healthcare, and with it, the need for education and training of a broad range of medical practitioners not previously associated with this field of care. As part of the Integrating Palliative Care series, this volume on palliative care in nephrology guides readers through the core palliative knowledge and skills needed to deliver high value, high quality care for seriously ill patients with chronic and end-stage kidney disease. Chapters are written by a team of international leaders in kidney palliative care and are organized into sections exploring unmet supportive care needs, palliative care capacity, patient-centered care, enhanced support at the end of life, and more. Chapter topics are based on the Coalition for Supportive Care of Kidney Patients Pathways Project change package of 14 evidence-based best practices to improve the delivery of palliative care to patients with kidney disease. An overview of the future of palliative care nephrology with attention to needed policy changes rounds out the text. Palliative Care in Nephrology is an ideal resource for nephrologists, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, social workers, primary care clinicians, and other practitioners who wish to learn more about integrating individualized, patient-centered palliative care into treatment of their patients with kidney disease.

Understanding Kidney Cancer, Second Edition, is a highly illustrated, user-friendly chart that explains the role of the kidneys and defines kidney cancer. Now fully up to date with current guidelines, this second edition covers anatomy, stages of kidney cancer, risk factors, treatment options, and much more. Revisions reflect the many new drugs available for kidney cancer. Featured sections: Overview Risk Factors Signs and Symptoms Diagnosis Staging Treatments Prevention Illustrations included: Cross-section of the kidney and adrenal gland with all structures labeled Kidneys and surrounding veins and arteries in the context of body Large, detailed, and annotated illustrations of stages I through IV of kidney cancer 20" x 26" heavy paper laminated with grommets at top corners

No one would have blamed Donald Seldin for running away. When he arrived at Southwestern Medical College in 1951, it was a collection of hastily repurposed military shacks creaking in the wind. On practically day one he became chair of the department of medicine-when the only other full-time professors departed. By the time he stepped down thirty-six years later, Seldin had transformed a sleepy medical college into the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center-a powerhouse of research and patient care and an anchor of the city of Dallas. Raymond Greenberg, a physician-scholar, tells Seldin's story of perseverance and intellectual triumph. Drawing on interviews with Seldin's trainees and colleagues-and on Seldin's own words-Greenberg chronicles the life of the Brooklyn boy who became one of Texas's foremost citizens and taught decades of men and women to heal. A pioneering nephrologist, Seldin devoted his career to developing the specialty; educating students, residents, and fellows; caring for patients; and nurturing basic research. Seldin was a wildcatter in the best sense. He declined the comfortable prestige of Harvard and Yale and instead embraced a worthy challenge with an unflagging sense of mission. Graceful and richly detailed, The Maestro of Medicine captures an inspiring life of achievement and service.

Since the inaugural publication of Pediatric Dialysis in 2004, a wide range of advances have taken place in dialysis-related care, leading to a wealth of new knowledge in the field. Pediatric Dialysis, Second Edition brings this knowledge together to provide the most comprehensive source of state-of-the-art information on the dialysis of infants, children and adolescents. With new chapters, updated chapters and references, and contemporary, unique perspectives from authors who are leaders in the global pediatric nephrology community, Pediatric Dialysis, Second Edition is, once again, an authoritative reference that will facilitate best practices in both acute and chronic dialysis. Experienced clinicians and trainees alike will find Pediatric Dialysis, Second Edition not only another valuable contribution to the literature but an indispensable guide to managing their pediatric patients on dialysis.

This new edition is devoted to a broad array of topics involving the circadian variation in cardiovascular diseases, with focuses on hypertension, stroke, and coronary disease. The volume covers clinical and device research related to home and ambulatory BP monitoring, as there have been significant advances in technology since the publication of the previous edition. In addition, there is an increased focus on the applicability of home and ambulatory BP monitoring in drug development in all therapeutic arenas. The text features contributions from chapter authors from around the world and who have great expertise in cardiovascular medicine, therapeutics, clinical trials, and evidence-based medicine. Blood Pressure Monitoring in Cardiovascular Medicine and Therapeutics, Third Edition is essential reading for a large audience, including those practicing cardiology and nephrology with a special focus in hypertension, geriatrics and internal medicine, clinical trialists, regulators in the US, Europe, and Japan, and physicians in training in cardiology, hypertension, pharmacology, nephrology and neurology.

Explores the latest findings for both selective and efficient separation devices in the field of kidney research. It is divided into three major sections. Part one deals with the biochemistry'' part of the problem, including how to identify ligands of interest, how to link them to synthetic membranes, and some kinetic limitations of frontal elution chromatography. The second part comprehensively discusses the various substrata used in affinity separations and the formation processes of semi-permeable membranes. The final section explores the filtration processes using membranes and the kinetics of separations based on affinity membranes.

This comprehensive guide to polycystic kidney disease captures the growing knowledge of this common, potentially-fatal and hereditary disease. The first two sections of the book provide an overview of PKD gene structures, mutations and pathophysiologic mechanisms. This is followed by chapters focused on PKD's clinical features, including renal and extrarenal manifestations, and appropriate management of patients. The final section covers current clinical trials and emerging therapies in PKD. Authored by experts in the field, this book provides the clinician and researcher with critical information on basic and translational science and clinical approaches in one concise resource.

Primary glomerulonephritis is one of the most frequent renal diseases, and a main cause of end-stage kidney disease. Glomerulonephritis has multiple subtypes, each with different physiopathologies, clinical presentations, and management requirements, which makes treatment difficult. As a complex set of diseases, the choice of symptomatic and specific treatment is critical to ameliorating the relentless course of glomerulonephritis. Focusing on all aspects of primary glomerulonephritis, from their epidemiologies and classification, to their pathogenesis and treatment, this third edition of Treatment of Primary Glomerulonephritis has been fully updated to include the latest research and evidence-based practice. With a strong emphasis on drugs used for both symptomatic and specific treatments, mechanisms of action, effectiveness, and potential toxicity are considered for therapeutic strategies in the different subtypes of primary glomerulonephritis. Each chapter follows a clear and logical format, allowing easy access to key information. Featuring over 20 full-colour histological images of different diseases to aid diagnosis, and with commentary from internationally recognised experts in the field, this new edition is an essential resource for all practising or academic clinical nephrologists.

This text serves as a convenient one-stop resource on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases in context of advanced heart failure and presence of ventricular assist devices. Advances in managing heart failure, evidence-based practices and therapies are covered, along with the management of this unique and complex subset of patients. The book also provides insights into combined heart and kidney transplantation. Authored by leaders in nephrology, cardiology and transplantation, this book fills a critical knowledge gap in understanding and treating patients with acute or chronic dysfunction of the heart and kidneys and how one induces dysfunction in the other organ.

This book provides a current understanding of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies (CRRT) techniques with a focus on drug dosing in critically ill children receiving CRRT. Strategies include the role of therapeutic drug monitoring, effect of CRRT on drug pharmacokinetics, variations in the drugs properties, newer kidney injury biomarkers and simple and easy methods for estimating drug clearance. The conclusion of this book features case reports focused on the patients' symptoms and laboratory data as they present in clinical practice and the type of CRRT modality needed to provide quality, safety, and cost-effectiveness of patient care. Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy will expand the clinical knowledge and experience of practicing nephrologists and other professionals involved in the care of children suffering from Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) to improve and sustain their quality of life.