This anthology was originally planned in connection with a symposium "Language in Primates: Implications for Linguistics, Anthropology, Psychology, and Philosophy," at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. Publication of the book would not have been possible without the support given to the Symposium by many individuals and groups. The Editors thank everyone involved for their kind and generous assistance. Specifi cally, we thank the invited speakers at the Symposium, Thomas A. Sebeok, H. Lyn Miles, Roger S. Fouts, and Thomas Simon. The chapters in this book by Miles, Fouts, and Simon are revised versions of their lectures at the Symposium. We thank Edward Simmel for his encouragement, his patience with our efforts, and his help in planning and directing the Symposium. For their financial assistance, we thank the co-sponsors of the Symposium: the Sigma Chi Foundation/William P. Huffman Scholar-in Residence Program at Miami University, as well as the Departments of Classics, Philosophy, Psychology, and Sociology and Anthropology at Miami. We thank Barbara Johnson, Polly J. Harris and Brenda Shaw for their secretarial and editorial help, and Shirley Gallimore for her patience, care, good humor, and hard work in typing the manuscript. Finally, we thank the contributors to this volume."

Iterative methods for calculating static fields are presented in this book. Static field boundary value problems are reduced to the boundary integral equations and these equations are solved by means of iterative processes. This is done for interior and exterior problems and for var ious boundary conditions. Most problems treated are three-dimensional, because for two-dimensional problems the specific and often powerful tool of conformal mapping is available. The iterative methods have some ad vantages over grid methods and, to a certain extent, variational methods: (1) they give analytic approximate formulas for the field and for some functionals of the field of practical importance (such as capacitance and polarizability tensor), (2) the formulas for the functionals can be used in a computer program for calculating these functionals for bodies of arbitrary shape, (3) iterative methods are convenient for computers. From a practical point of view the above methods reduce to the cal culation of multiple integrals. Of special interest is the case of inte grands with weak singularities. Some of the central results of the book are some analytic approximate formulas for scattering matrices for small bodies of arbitrary shape. These formulas answer many practical questions such as how does the scattering depend on the shape of the body or on the boundary conditions, how does one calculate the effective field in a medium consisting of many small particles, and many other questions."

Este libro pone a disposiciA3n del lector de habla hispana un tratamiento distinto y original de los temas fundamentales de la IngenierA-a AcAstica. El libro contiene los fundamentos cientA-ficos de las tA(c)cnicas utilizadas para lograr un ambiente acAstico menos contaminado. La mayorA-a de los capA-tulos consideran, directa o indirectamente, el problema de cA3mo reducir los niveles de ruido. Se ha puesto especial atenciA3n en los principios fundamentales y en la comprensiA3n de los fenA3menos fA-sicos involucrados en las distintas problemAticas de la IngenierA-a AcAstica. El texto estA orientado tanto a estudiantes y docentes de nivel universitario, como a ingenieros de distintas especialidades interesados en este importante tema.

This textbook provides a guide to the fundamental principles of acoustics in a straightforward manner using a solid foundation in mathematics and physics. It is designed for those who are new to acoustics and noise control, and includes all the necessary material for a comprehensive understanding of the topic. It is written in lecture-note style and can be easily adapted to an acoustics-related one semester course at the senior undergraduate or graduate level. The book also serves as a ready reference for the practicing engineer new to the application of acoustic principles arising in product design and fabrication.

Rudolph Koenig was one of the more prolific and colourful instrument makers in the renowned nineteenth-century precision instrument trade of Paris. Beginning his career as a violin maker, in 1858 the young Prussian immigrant shifted his talents towards the growing field of acoustics. Altered Sensations is a portrait of his vibrant atelier, a place of construction, commerce and experiment. For over forty years it was also a popular meeting place for scientists, artisans, musicians and teachers. Using archival and collection research from across North American and Europe, David Pantalony has traced the material and social influences of this space on the development of modern acoustics. In particular, he has detailed the manner in which Koenig modified, extended, spread and challenged Hermann von Helmholtz's Sensations of Tone.
A large part of the research on Koenig comes from the actual products of his workshop which survive in museums and collections around the world. The second section of Altered Sensations provides a Catalogue Raisonne of Koenig's entire line of instruments, including their history, details from specific examples, locations, and references in the literature. This catalogue will serve as a practical guide for curators and researchers as well as a comprehensive overview of nineteenth-century acoustical practice.
"

Der Band beschreibt die Entstehung, Ausbreitung, Abstrahlung und Messung von Korperschall - wichtige Themen fur die Larmminderung bei Maschinen oder Gebauden, aber auch bei der Messung mechanischer Materialdaten. In der 3. Auflage wurde der Band erneuert mit dem Ziel, den Geist des ursprunglichen Werks (Lothar Cremer/Manfred Heckl) zu bewahren und es zugleich an den aktuellen Wissensstand anzupassen. So fuhrt das erste Kapitel jetzt in den Korperschall und die physikalischen Prinzipien ein, der Messtechnik ist ein eigener Abschnitt gewidmet."

The theory of water waves is most varied and is a fascinating topic. It includes a wide range of natural phenomena in oceans, rivers, and lakes. It is mostly concerned with elucidation of some general aspects of wave motion including the prediction of behaviour of waves in the presence of obstacles of some special configurations that are of interest to ocean engineers. Unfortunately, even the apparently simple problems appear to be difficult to tackle mathematically unless some simplified assumptions are made. Fortunately, one can assume water to be an incompressible, in viscid and homogeneous fluid. The linearised theory of water waves is based on the assumption that the amplitude of the motion is small compared to the wave length. If rotational motion is assumed, then the linearised theory of water waves is essentially concerned with solving the Laplace equation in the water region together with linearised boundary condition. There are varied classes of problems that have been/are being studied mathematically in the literature within the framework of linearised theory of water waves for last many years. Scattering by obstacles of various geometrical configurations is one such class of water wave problems. This book is devoted to advanced mathematical work related to water wave scattering. Emphasis is laid on the mathematical and computational techniques required to study these problems mathematically. The book contains nine chapters. The first chapter is introductory in nature. It includes the basic equations of linearised theory for a single layer fluid, a two-layer fluid, solution of dispersion equations, and a general idea on scattering problems and the energy identity in water with a free surface. Chapter 2 is concerned with wave scattering involving thin rigid plates of various geometrical configurations, namely, plane vertical barriers or curved barriers, inclined barriers, horizontal barrier, and also thin elastic vertical plate. For the horizontal case, the barrier is submerged below an ice-cover modelled as a thin elastic plate floating on water. Chapter 3 discusses wave scattering by a rectangular trench by using Galerkin technique. Chapter 4 involves wave scattering by a dock by using Carleman singular integral equation followed by reduction to Riemann-Hilbert problems. Chapter 5 involves several wave scattering problems involving discontinuities at the upper surface of water by using the Wiener-Hopf technique, by reduction to Carleman singular integral equations. Chapter 6 considers scattering by a long horizontal circular cylinder either half immersed or completely submerged. In chapter 7, some important energy identities are derived for scattering problems in a single-layer and also in a two-layer fluid. Chapter 8 is concerned with wave scattering in a two-layer fluid by a thin vertical plate and by a long horizontal circular cylinder submerged in either of the two layers. Chapter 9 is the final chapter which considers a number of wave scattering problems in a single-layer or a two-layer fluid with variable bottom topography by using a simplified perturbation analysis It is hoped that this book will be useful to researchers on water waves. The several wave scattering problems presented in the book are mostly based on the research work carried out by the authors and their associates.

Acoustics, the science of sound, has developed into a broad interdisciplinary field encompassing the academic disciplines of physics, engineering, psychology, speech, audiology, music, architecture, physiology, neuroscience and others. Here is an unparalleled modern handbook reflecting this richly interdisciplinary nature edited by one of the acknowledged masters in the field, Thomas Rossing.

Researchers and students benefit from the comprehensive contents spanning: animal acoustics including infrasound and ultrasound, environmental noise control, music and human speech and singing, physiological and psychological acoustics, architectural acoustics, physical and engineering acoustics, medical acoustics and ocean acoustics.

The Springer Handbook of Acoustics reviews the most important areas of acoustics, with emphasis on current research. The authors of the various chapters are all experts in their fields. Each chapter is richly illustrated with figures and tables. The latest research and applications are incorporated throughout, e.g. computer recognition and synthesis of speech, physiological acoustics, psychological acoustics, thermoacoustics, diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications and acoustical oceanography.

This new edition of the Handbook features over 11 revised and expanded chapters, new illustrations andtwo new chapters covering microphone arrays, acoustic metamaterials and acoustic emission. These improvements will make the handbook even more useful as a reference and a guide for researchers and students in every branch of acoustics.

Praise for the first edition:

"This treatise is a successful attempt to cover in one book the diverse field of acoustics, which ranges from physics to music and from formal mathematics to technological applications. ... It is this reviewer's opinion that a handbook like Rossing's, which covers the whole field of acoustics, serves a real purpose because it not only gives one a chance to see how one's specialty is covered but it also permits one to make a quick survey of other acoustical areas." (Leo Beranek, American Journal of Physics, Vol. 77 (12), December, 2009)

"The Springer Handbook of Acoustics falls into that exceptional list. ...every physics department should have a copy available." (John L. Hubisz, The Physics Teacher, Vol. 48, March, 2010)

"This handbook is an excellent addition to the acoustics literature. ... The handbook nicely covers both basics and advances in several areas of acoustics. Several chapters provide good mathematical depth, making the handbook useful as a research and technical resource. ... The accompanying CD-ROM provides the entire handbook and a large number of audio and video files, making it easy to use effectively in a classroom. Overall, a very useful educational and research resource. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals." (M. G. Prasad, CHOICE, Vol. 45 (5), January, 2008)

"This book covers a wide range of topics and the inclusion of musical acoustics, computer and electronic music appeal to me (singer, song-writer, performer and recording studio co-owner). This handbook is probably well suited for an undergraduate-level introduction to an acoustics course. ... Further, there is a CD-ROM containing all the chapters in the handbook. ... The wide range of topics, inclusion of music-related chapters, eye-pleasing presentations and other useful features make this a very good book to have on your shelf." (Tim Casey, International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, Vol. 13 (1), 2008)

"The Springer Handbook of Acoustics comprises 28 chapters written by 33 authors. ... The enclosed CD-ROM is a valuable addition as it contains ... additional material in the form of video and audio files. ... this book has much to recommend it with well presented topics and copious clear illustrations. The Handbook of Acoustics is useful as a source book for anyone who needs or wants to become familiar with the jargon and issues related to a specific subfield of acoustics ... ." (Robert I. Odom, Siam Review, Vol. 50 (3), 2008)

The Springer Handbook of Acoustics reviews the most important areas of acoustics, with emphasis on current research. The authors of the various chapters are all experts in their fields. Each chapter is richly illustrated with figures and tables. The latest research and applications are incorporated throughout, e.g. computer recognition and synthesis of speech, physiological acoustics, psychological acoustics, thermoacoustics, diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications and acoustical oceanography.

This new edition of the Handbook features over 13 revised and expanded chapters, new illustrations and 3 new chapters covering microphone arrays, acoustic metamaterials and acoustic emission. These improvements will make the handbook even more useful as a reference and a guide for researchers and students in every branch of acoustics."

Sprachtechnologie in der Anwendung" wurde von Praktikern fur Praktiker geschrieben. Das Buch fuhrt ein in die Technologien zur Sprachverarbeitung und informiert uber den Stand der Technik von Sprachdialogsystemen. Es unterstutzt die Entscheidungsfindung und Vorbereitung bei der Einfuhrung eines Sprachportals, hilft bei der Auswahl der richtigen Systeme und der Vermeidung von Stolpersteinen.

Durch seine klare Sprache, die zahlreichen Praxisbeispiele und das ausfuhrliche Glossar schlagt das Buch eine Brucke zwischen Entscheidern und Technologen im Unternehmen. Es wendet sich sowohl an Manager, die uber die Einfuhrung von Sprachportalen entscheiden, als auch IT-Fachleute, die diese umsetzen. Betreiber von Sprachportalen unterstutzt es bei der Bewertung bestehender Anwendungen und gibt Hinweise zu deren Optimierung."

The Science of Sound is widely recognized as the leading textbook in the field. It provides an excellent introduction to acoustics for students without college physics or a strong background in mathematics. In the Third Edition, Richard Moore and Paul Wheeler join Tom Rossing in updating The Science of Sound to include a wide range of important technological developments in the field of acoustics. New exercises and review questions have been added to the end of each chapter to help students study the material.

Dieses Lehrbuch bietet eine umfassende Einfuhrung in die moderne Technische Akustik. Es wendet sich an Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften und der Physik sowie an Ingenieure und Naturwissenschaftler, die bereits in der Praxis tatig sind.

Behandelt werden: Schallentstehung und Schallausbreitung in Gasen, Flussigkeiten und elastischen Festkorpern - Wellengleichungen in linearer und nicht-linearer Form - Elektromechanische Analogien und ihre Anwendung - Schallsender und Schallempfanger fur Hor- und Ultraschall - Raum- und Bauakustik - Akustische Messtechnik - Wasserschall (Hydroakustik) - Ultraschall (Erzeugung, Detektion und Anwendung) - Physiologische und psychologische Akustik - Methoden der Schallaufzeichnung - Schallerzeugung durch Stromung (Aeroakustik) - Experimentelle und numerische Verfahren der Aeroakustik - Entstehung und Vermeidung von Larm.

Weiterhin werden die Methoden der Numerischen Akustik (Computational Acoustics) vorgestellt und eingehend besprochen: insbesondere Finite-Elemente- und Boundary-Elemente-Methoden (FEM bzw. BEM) fur die Berechnung von Schallfeldern und elektroakustischen Wandlern.

Abschliessend diskutieren die Autoren aktuelle Forschungsprojekte aus dem Bereich der Technischen Akustik. "

Elastic Waves: High Frequency Theory is concerned with mathematical aspects of the theory of high-frequency elastic waves, which is based on the ray method. The foundations of elastodynamics are presented along with the basic theory of plane and spherical waves. The ray method is then described in considerable detail for bulk waves in isotropic and anisotropic media, and also for the Rayleigh waves on the surface of inhomogeneous anisotropic elastic solids. Much attention is paid to analysis of higher-order terms and to generation of waves in inhomogeneous media. The aim of the book is to present a clear, systematic description of the ray method, and at the same time to emphasize its mathematical beauty. Luckily, this beauty is usually not accompanied by complexity and mathematical ornateness.

The classic acoustics reference! This widely-used book offers a clear treatment of the fundamental principles underlying the generation, transmission, and reception of acoustic waves and their application to numerous fields. The authors analyze the various types of vibration of solid bodies and the propagation of sound waves through fluid media.

Scholarly writing on the music of Arvo Part is situated primarily in the fields of musicology, cultural and media studies, and, more recently, in terms of theology/spirituality. Arvo Part: Sounding the Sacred focuses on the representational dimensions of Part's music (including the trope of silence), writing and listening past the fact that its storied effects and affects are carried first and foremost as vibrations through air, impressing themselves on the human body. In response, this ambitiously interdisciplinary volume asks: What of sound and materiality as embodiments of the sacred, as historically specific artifacts, and as elements of creation deeply linked to the human sensorium in Part studies? In taking up these questions, the book "de-Platonizes" Part studies by demystifying the notion of a single "Part sound." It offers innovative, critical analyses of the historical contexts of Part's experimentation, medievalism, and diverse creative work; it re-sounds the acoustic, theological, and representational grounds of silence in Part's music; it listens with critical openness to the intersections of theology, sacred texts, and spirituality in Part's music; and it positions sensing, performing bodies at the center of musical experience. Building on the conventional score-, biography-, and media-based approaches, this volume reframes Part studies around the materiality of sound, its sacredness, and its embodied resonances within secular spaces.

This comprehensive revision begins with a review of static electric and magnetic fields, providing a wealth of results useful for static and time-dependent fields problems in which the size of the device is small compared with a wavelength. Some of the static results such as inductance of transmission lines calculations can be used for microwave frequencies. Familiarity with vector operations, including divergence and curl, are developed in context in the chapters on statics. Packed with useful derivations and applications.

Biotremology is a new and emerging discipline in biological sciences that covers all aspects of behavior associated with substrate-borne mechanical waves. This volume provides state-of-the-art reviews and technical contributions from leading experts and invited younger researchers on topics from signal production and transmission to perception in its ecological context. Reviews about the knowledge of well-studied groups are complemented with perspectives on the study of less-explored groups or contexts. Special attention is given to practical issues in measuring substrate-borne vibrations as well as to applied biotremology. The book appeals to all those interested in communication and vibrational behavior.

This book provides an expert introduction to audio forensics, an essential specialty in modern forensic science, equipping readers with the fundamental background necessary to understand and participate in this exciting and important field of study. Modern audio forensic analysis combines skills in digital signal processing, the physics of sound propagation, acoustical phonetics, audio engineering, and many other fields. Scientists and engineers who work in the field of audio forensics are called upon to address issues of authenticity, quality enhancement, and signal interpretation for audio evidence that is important to a criminal law enforcement investigation, an accident investigation board, or an official civil inquiry. Expertise in audio forensics has never been more important. In addition to routine recordings from emergency call centers and police radio dispatchers, inexpensive portable audio/video recording systems are now in widespread use. Forensic evidence from the scene of a civil or criminal incident increasingly involves dashboard recorders in police cars, vest-pocket personal recorders worn by law enforcement officers, smart phone recordings from bystanders, and security surveillance systems in public areas and businesses. Utilizing new research findings and both historical and contemporary casework examples, this book blends audio forensic theory and practice in an informative and readable manner suitable for any scientifically-literate reader. Extensive examples, supplementary material, and authoritative references are also included for those who are interested in delving deeper into the field.

The detection and recognition of objects in images is a key research topic in the computer vision community. Within this area, face recognition and interpretation has attracted increasing attention owing to the possibility of unveiling human perception mechanisms, and for the development of practical biometric systems. This book and the accompanying website, focus on template matching, a subset of object recognition techniques of wide applicability, which has proved to be particularly effective for face recognition applications. Using examples from face processing tasks throughout the book to illustrate more general object recognition approaches, Roberto Brunelli: * examines the basics of digital image formation, highlighting points critical to the task of template matching;* presents basic and advanced template matching techniques, targeting grey-level images, shapes and point sets;* discusses recent pattern classification paradigms from a template matching perspective;* illustrates the development of a real face recognition system;* explores the use of advanced computer graphics techniques in the development of computer vision algorithms. Template Matching Techniques in Computer Vision is primarily aimed at practitioners working on the development of systems for effective object recognition such as biometrics, robot navigation, multimedia retrieval and landmark detection. It is also of interest to graduate students undertaking studies in these areas.