1) Shows how to approach communication stations focused on physical activity prescription 2) Describes common pitch side emergency scenarios 3) Includes niche topic areas coverage such as doping, therapeutic use exemption and relative energy deficiency in sport.

With comprehensive, highly visual coverage designed for sports clinicians, team physicians, sports medicine fellows, primary care physicians, and other health care professionals who provide care to athletes and active individuals, Netter's Sports Medicine, 3rd Edition, is an ideal resource for everyday use. Editors include three past presidents of the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, it includes contributions from world-renowned experts as well as a rich illustration program with many classic paintings by Frank H. Netter, MD. From Little League to professional sports, weekend warriors to Olympic champions, and backcountry mountainside to the Super Bowl field, this interdisciplinary reference is indispensable in the busy outpatient office, in the training room, on the sidelines, and in preparation for sports medicine board certification. More than 1,000 superb Netter graphics, tables, figures, pictures, diagnostic images, and other medical artwork highlight easy-to-read, bulleted text. New coverage of esports, as well as other key topics such as travel considerations for the athlete, EKG interpretation, cardiac disease, diagnostic imaging and ultrasound, injury prevention protocols, and mixed martial arts. Up-to-date information on nutritional supplements, eating disorders, sports and pharmacology for chronic conditions and behavioral medicine, and extreme and adventure sports. Designed for quick reference, with a logical organization by both topic and sport. Online features include downloadable patient education handouts, and handy links. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

As the number of child and adolescent athletes continues to increase each year, more children are being exposed to greater training volumes and increasing physical demands-making the need for nutritional and recovery guidance increasingly important. While massive amounts of empirical research are published each year on responses and adaptations to exercise and nutrition, a relative lack of this data is focused on children and adolescents. Filling this need, Sports Nutrition Needs for Child and Adolescent Athletes explores the optimal sports nutrition needs for the child and adolescent athlete in three, detailed sections. The first section-Nutritional Foundation-supplies a comprehensive look at topics that relate to nearly every athlete. It focuses on the need for optimal nutrition in youth athlete populations, highlighting energy, body composition, hydration, and both macro- and micro-nutrient requirements. The second section-Special Considerations in Child and Adolescent Athletes-focuses on topics that are more specific. This section includes coverage of the impact of common recreational drugs on exercise performance, steroid use in youth and associated dangers, key elements of working with diabetic and other clinically relevant populations, as well as discussions that relate to overweight and weight-conscious athletes, respectively. The final section-A Hands-On Approach-reviews nutritional programs for both child and adolescent athletes. It uses an easy-to-understand approach to discuss and apply situations that can challenge athletes, their parents, and coaches by making sure young athletes are well fueled and recovered for all sporting situations. For the purposes of the research presented in this book, a child athlete is defined as an athlete between the ages of 7 and 12 years while an adolescent athlete is defined as an athlete 13-17 years of age.

In order to achieve and maintain peak performance, high-level athletes require the right nutrition at the right time. Nutrition for Elite Athletes provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on the nutritional requirements of athletes at the top of their game. Since researchers, clinicians, and graduate students work with certain populations of athletes, such as endurance athletes, and not single nutrients or metabolic systems, this book arranges topics by 1) athletic population and 2) nutrition /exercise interactions that reach across athletic sub-populations (such as recovery nutrition), instead of by nutrients or metabolic system. Bringing together the contributions of well-known experts from around the world, the book identifies the nutritional needs of endurance athletes, strength power athletes, team sport athletes, and weight class/aesthetic sport athletes. In addition to coverage of recovery nutrition and energy balance, the book: Reviews the foundations of energy metabolism Considers dietary supplements, food safety, and drug/nutrient/exercise interactions Examines hydration requirements for various types of athletes Explores how vitamins and minerals impact performance The book assumes an understanding of the terms discussed in introductory nutrition courses as well as an understanding of metabolic systems concepts taught in undergraduate nutrition and exercise physiology courses. By doing so, the authors are able to get right into detailing the nutritional needs of elite athletes. In addition to its appeal for dieticians, researchers, and clinicians working with elite athletes, this book is suitable for use as a textbook for upper-level exercise nutrition and metabolism courses.

This book is a 'go-to' guide for postgraduate Orthopaedic examinations as well as for Orthopaedic surgeons for trauma and elective foot and ankle surgery. A streamlined approach ensures that the 22 core topics are covered in a succinct and practical way. Foot and ankle surgery is a vast topic that can be daunting to revise due to the complex and diverse nature of associated pathologies. This highly illustrated succinct text, together with key learning points ensures a rapid understanding of all the essential elements of foot and ankle surgery. * Provides 'need -to-know' information for Orthopaedic surgeons * Assists with exam preparation for postgraduate exit exams such as the FRCS (Trauma & Orth) * Simple, succinct and concise * Over 500 illustrations to aid learning * Accompanying website with MCQs and videos of clinical examination and surgical techniques Orthopaedic surgeons, registrars and trainees, other specialty doctors, general practioners and physiotherapists with musculoskeletal interest and podiatrists will all find here 'gold standard' answers to foot and ankle conditions.

Of all the important factors that must be considered when assessing and treating an athlete, the impact of patient sex is perhaps the most critical, yet historically has often been neglected. The "same injury" in a male patient may present differently, sometimes in subtle ways, than in a female patient and may require a different treatment approach. The Female Athlete, edited by Dr. Rachel Frank, provides concise, expert coverage of the ways in which common sports medicine injuries present in female patients versus male patients, describing recent literature analyzing sex differences in injury patterns and available treatment options. Provides a comprehensive review of key areas of importance related to care for women in sports, including the differences in care and treatment for male and female patients. Covers many of the most common injuries female athletes face, including ACL injuries, shoulder instability, concussion, stress fractures, female overuse injuries, and more. Considers prevention strategies, nutritional recommendations, as well as exercise recommendations for women during pregnancy.

The organs of the gastro-intestinal tract play an essential role in sustained physical activity, but their consideration in exercise-related literature has, to this point, been limited. Physical Activity and the Gastro-Intestinal Tract is the first book to explain the function and response to exercise of the gastro-intestinal system, in cases of both health and disease, and helps to shed light on the role they play in acute and chronic exercise. Professor Roy Shephard synthesises previously disparate research to explain the physiology, function, pathology of disease and role of exercise in both health and chronic disease, covering topics including: physical activity and the oesophagus gastro-duodenal function and physical activity physical activity and peptic ulcers physical activity and gastro-oesophageal cancers physical activity and the function of the large bowel physical activity and chronic intestinal inflammation. With each chapter including a thorough bibliography and signposts to further reading, Physical Activity and the Gastro-Intestinal Tract provides a complete reference for understanding how exercise affects the function of the digestive organs. It is an important text for academics and upper-level students in sports medicine and exercise physiology, and for health professionals in preventative medicine.

This book establishes a bridge between exercise-mediated functional status of autophagy and non-communicable chronic diseases for elucidating and clarifying the corresponding signal pathways and underlying mechanisms. The book consists of 13 chapters focusing on the in-depth discussion on signal pathways for regulating the functional status of autophagy for the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of chronic diseases, the optimization of exercise intervention strategies for common and frequently-occurring chronic diseases, and the development of exercise mimetic pills for the persons with disability for exercise performance, or the persons without willing to exercise. This book is interesting and will be useful to a wide readership in the various fields of exercise science, exercise fitness, sports medicine, preventive medicine, and functional foods.

Fluid Balance, Hydration, and Athletic Performance presents a comprehensive review of aspects relating to body fluid balance, rehydration, sport, and physical exercise. The content is scientifically supported, practical, and suitably written for a range of audiences, including academics (professors and students) and sports and health professionals (coaches, physical educators, nutritionists, and physicians), as well as athletes and individuals involved in physical activities. Compared to other books previously published in this area, this book does not limit body hydration issues to the average or elite adult athlete. Rather, it addresses aspects relevant to a range of individuals of different ages (adolescents and master athletes) competing in various sports. In recognition of the growing number of individuals with specific medical conditions who have been exercising more and even participating in competitive sports, separate chapters on prevalent diseases or medical conditions associated with risks of body fluid homeostasis also are presented. To achieve such a complete and qualified publication, the book is written by top experts and professionals experienced in their respective research areas. It presents the basics of fluid balance and provides updates on controversial fluid intake-related issues such as hyponatremia, optimal recovery, intermittent sports, and perceptual responses.

Sports participation opportunities for individuals with impairments are increasing. Whether an athlete is beginning a sport or competing on the world stage for a podium finish, nutrition is recognized as being integral to optimizing their health, training capacity, and performance. Some athletes with impairments are physiologically similar to their able-bodied counterparts, whereby the application of sports nutrition principles is straightforward. However, athletes with certain impairments require a very individualized approach when applying these principles in a practical way. Fully updated and expanded, this second edition of Sports Nutrition for Paralympic Athletes is an essential resource for sports nutrition practitioners who work alongside athletes with an impairment, whether that be physical, visual, hearing, or intellectual. In addition to chapters devoted to each impairment type, this book covers specific areas including medical considerations, body composition, supplements, and practical aspects that can be applied across all athletes and sports. Case studies and messages from athletes and world-class coaches enhance the application of theoretical research into practice providing the most relevant sports nutrition advice to Para athletes. Features New chapters on energy availability in Para athletes and cooling and hydration for the Para athlete Concise review of current sports nutrition recommendations for athletes, both during training and in competition Provides practical guidance and examples on how to apply sports nutrition principles to each impairment type Includes real life experiences of Para athletes, elite coaches, and practitioners Encompasses wider topics of assessing body composition, medical considerations, and supplement use specific to Para athletes Features insight and experiences gained by practitioners over the three major Paralympic Games since the first edition Sports nutrition can be the difference between being competitive and making the podium. With the rapidly increasing Paralympic profile, this book is valuable for professionals endeavoring to give their athletes the competitive edge - it challenges, stimulates, and drives future research in this area to continue to improve the delivery of this intrinsic component of athlete preparation.

Interest in the relationships between body structure and function in physical activity has persisted for centuries. Body Composition: Health and Performance in Exercise and Sport advances understanding beyond simple descriptions of body physique and composition of athletes and fills gaps in our understanding of the important role of muscle, fat, and bone in facilitating physical performance and health in sports and physically demanding occupations. lt addresses basic, practical, and applied topics in body composition, performance, and health with comprehensive reviews organized in four logical parts: Body Composition Assessment; Physical Activity and Body Composition; Body Composition in Sports and Occupations; and Moderating Factors. This book integrates state-of-the-art knowledge by international experts in the field and produces an evidence-based practical guide for a balanced understanding of the role and use of body composition assessment in physical performance and health for youth and adults. It also provides a needed link between the practice of body composition assessment and its application by members of public health advisory committees that develop national guidelines for diet, physical activity, and health. This book is suitable for students and professionals in sports nutrition, exercise science, kinesiology, and athletic training. Sport administrators and policy-makers for international and national sport federations and organizations, and national intercollegiate and scholastic federations, would also benefit from this book.

This book approaches the ACL deficient knee from a different perspective than those of the previous classical ways. The common approach is the analysis of closed compartments; anatomy, biomechanics, physical findings, imaging, surgical treatment and rehabilitation. The approach of this book is completely opposite, focusing on questions, controversies, problem analyses and problem solving, besides analyzing the possibility of prevention. Therefore, in each chapter, the biomechanics, anatomy, and other areas that are relevant to the topic are reviewed. There are chapters where highly specialized surgical techniques are presented (acute ACL repair, double bundle reconstruction, chondral lesions treatment or meniscal transplant). These chapters are written by internationally renowned specialists that are pioneers in the topic analyzed. Another interesting aspect of this book are the step by step surgical techniques videos, that will allow a knee specialist to perform the technique presented by the author. Moreover, the videos will include anatomy and physical therapy techniques.

With training tips, exercises, and injury remedies, this is a book that every golfer and coach should have
There are few things more satisfying than a great round of golf. But the joy and thrill of golf are often marred by injuries that can bother you for weeks and ruin your game. A strong, fluid golf swing uses muscles in the legs, hips, lower back, and shoulders--all areas prone to serious, painful injury. That's why every golfer needs to read "Anatomy, Stretching & Training for Golfers," which offers expert advice on how to maximize your game without the risk of getting hurt.
Taking you through stretches that both warm you up before a game and cool you down after, Dr. Philip Striano focuses on working the primary muscles involved in the mechanics of the golf swing--stance, backswing, transition, downswing, and follow-through--as well as the secondary muscle groups that help support and balance you. Alongside each exercise are detailed, true-to-life anatomical illustrations showing which muscles of the body are targeted. A handy guide lets you know the exercise's benefits and cautions, along with tips on perfecting your form.
With a series of sample workouts that show you how to devise a training program to suit your unique goals, "Anatomy, Stretching & Training for Golfers" is the ultimate reference for anyone wanting to improve their game by improving their fitness.

Hip Preservation Techniques explores hip problems and presents and compares alternative protocols for treating the condition in children, adolescents, young adults, and adults. While poor long-term outcomes of arthroplasty have led to an increasing dependence on procedures to conserve the native hip, preservation surgery may maintain or protect a hip and prevent or delay the need for arthroplasty. Well-established techniques such as cartilage restoration and use of tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells are presented, and conceptually different procedures such as Bernese peri-acetabular osteotomy, Salter's and Pemberton's osteotomy are also discussed. This book will be useful for medical students, residents and consultants with an interest in hip preservation surgery. Key Features Explores the emerging concepts in hip preservation surgery with a concise and to-the-point approach Discusses digital templating in total hip arthroplasty Examines the anterior approach to the hip for a minimally invasive prosthesis Offers a comprehensive coverage of the topic through beautiful illustrations

Written by a team of international experts and emerging talents from around the world, Sport Injury Psychology: Cultural, Relational, Methodological, and Applied Considerations challenges the status quo of the field of sport injury psychology and opens new and exciting future research trajectories by critically considering: How to evolve from an individual focused and single, scientific discipline into a cultural and relational focused and interdisciplinary discourse How to shift from the dominant positivist foundation towards a more inclusive scholarship with divergent epistemologies, theories, and methodologies How to replace the attempt to establish 'best practice' and desire for 'clean' findings with the need for continuous innovation and multifaceted applied experiences Each chapter stimulates debate and encourages theoretical, methodological, and/or applied diversification, and closes with future research directions that provide novel and rigorous programs of research that have the potential to advance the field of sport injury psychology into an interdisciplinary discourse that strives for and embraces collaboration between academic disciplines and with practitioners working in the field. Cutting edge, timely, and comprehensive, Sport Injury Psychology: Cultural, Relational, Methodological, and Applied Considerations is essential reading for undergraduate students, postgraduate students, and more established scholars in the fields of sport communication, sports medicine, sport psychology, sports sociology, and other related sport science disciplines.

Recognition of concussion as a serious injury, informed by neurological and physiological research, is now commonplace in sport. However, research on the psychology of concussive injury-its psychological implications and outcomes, and psychological interventions for prevention and recovery-has largely been overlooked. This is the first book to explicitly and authoritatively set out the psychological aspects of sport-related concussion from a multidisciplinary and global perspective The book attempts to offer a global understanding of the injury by presenting an historical overview; exploring the psychological implications of sport-related concussion and the influence of gender and sociocultural context on concussive injury and recovery; setting out practical guidance on working with special populations suffering from concussive injuries; and discussing the theoretical and methodological considerations for research on concussion and future directions for this research. Written by a group of leading international experts and offering a hitherto underdeveloped perspective on this crucial area of sports injury research, this book is crucial reading for any upper-level student, researcher, sport scientist, coach, or allied health professional working on sport-related concussion. It is also valuable reading for students and researchers interested in the psychosocial processes that impact injury and recovery or general professional practice in sport psychology.

Now consisting of fifty innovative chapters authored by internationally recognised scientists and clinicians, the extensively revised third edition of the Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Exercise Medicine is the fundamental reference work on paediatric exercise medicine and sport science. Using a scientific evidence-based approach and new insights into understanding the exercising child and adolescent, this title covers a complex and rapidly evolving field. Designed to inform, challenge and support all involved in the study and treatment of the exercising child and adolescent, the Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Exercise Medicine presents complex scientific and medical material in an accessible and understandable manner. With extensive sections on Exercise Science, Exercise Medicine, Sport Science and Sport Medicine, chapters comprehensively cover training, physical activity in relation to health issues, the physiology of the young athlete and injury using the research and practical experience of a renowned author team. Fully illustrated and extensively revised, new topics and fully updated material complement the state-of-the-art approach of previous editions. With an increased focus on molecular exercise physiology, close to 75% of the content found in this edition is new material, reflecting the many advances and developments across this discipline. This textbook is ideal for scientists, medical practitioners, professionals allied to medicine, senior coaches, physical educators, and students involved in youth sport and/or paediatric exercise science and medicine.

Providing the most current information on injuries to the head and neck sustained by young athletes, this practical text presents a thorough review of the complex and emerging issues for youths and adolescents involved in contact/collision sports. While concussions are among the most common injuries, fractures of the skull and facial bones and structural brain injuries can be serious and are discussed in chapters of their own, as are stingers and other cervical spine and cord issues and disease. Injuries to the eyes, ears and jaw are likewise examined. Prevention is a major theme throughout the book, as seen in chapters on protective head- and neckwear, transportation of injured players, and sideline response and return-to-play. Head and Neck Injuries in Young Athletes will be an excellent resource not only for orthopedists and sports medicine specialists treating growing athletes, but also specialists and team physicians who are on the scene at sporting events where these injuries may occur.

Complete Guide to Respiratory Care in Athletes introduces the respiratory system and its function during exercise. It considers the main respiratory conditions affecting athletes and delivers practical advice for the management of respiratory issues in athletic populations. With contributions from leading international experts, the book discusses fundamental scientific principles and provides pragmatic 'hands-on' clinical guidance to enable practical application. Each chapter includes useful pedagogical features such as case studies and guides for carrying out assessments. The book covers wide a range of topics, including: respiratory system function during exercise impact of the environment on the upper and lower airways asthma related issues in athletes allergic rhinitis in athletes exercise induced laryngeal obstruction exercise induced dysfunctional breathing paterns respiratory muscle training role of screening for respiratory issues in athletes assessing and dealing with respiratory infections in athletes. This text is key reading for both newly qualified and established medical, scientific and therapy practitioners who are working with athletes with respiratory issues. It is also a valuable resource for students of sports medicine, sports therapy, and sport and exercise science courses.

Adventure and extreme sports are increasing in popularity and it is not surprising that commercial adventure tourism and the accompanying life style and fashion, have become increasingly important to world economy. These unique sports involve not only major physical endurance and mental challenges but interaction and bonding with nature. They also tend to attract and excite audiences, both at the event and in the media. They are exciting to watch and redraw the boundaries of human achievement with the accompanying risks of injury and death. Adventure sports are usually performed in beautiful, exciting and remote locations or in extreme environments far away from medical assistance. Extreme sports usually involve an element of increased risk. These risks are highlighted by the media, usually after a reported accident or fatality but may vary according to the involvement of the participant; the weekend recreational adventure sports athlete or the experienced professional. A wide variety of sports fall into the category of adventure and extreme sports and with an increasing number of disciplines, this field is ever expanding. Sports are performed in contact with the "ground"; mountain running and biking, rock climbing, ice climbing and mountaineering. In the air: skydiving and base jumping. On water: surfing, white water kayaking and rafting, board sailing and diving. And also involve mechanical vehicles and animals! Some sports may be performed as a combination of few disciplines, such as water and air, e.g. kite surfing, and as so involve very unique mechanisms of injury. Sports events can also be merged to form a multi-sport race comprising many disciplines lastly from single to multi day races. Sports may involve competition with others, against the environment or with oneself, frequently the most ferocious adversary. Adventure sports are becoming increasingly popular in the general public and a few take these sports to an extreme level with the accompanying risks. Those that do, bring such time and dedication that they become professional in terms of training, preparation and finance. More and more people are enjoying adventure sports and unfortunately increased numbers are becoming injured as a result. Future research is progressing alongside the sport development, to allow the sport mechanisms, injury patterns and predisposing factors to be better understood. It is the hope of all researchers to make the sports safer without detracting from their adventurous nature. The aim and scope of our book would be to bring the sports medicine involved ineach of these sports into one volume. We would explain each sport including subtle similarities and differences, the common injury mechanisms, patterns of injury and treatment options. Additional chapters would include the mental characteristics of adventure racers and extreme sports athletes, together with the complexities of competing in hot and cold extreme environments. The book will present chapters focussing on the sports listed below, concentrating on published literature and newly formed studies by experts in the fields of injury epidemiology, prevention, management and rehabilitation.

The new age of biologic treatment of the ACL is coming. In The ACL Handbook: Knee Biology, Mechanics, and Treatment, the authors cover the past and current state of ACL injuries and treatment, and then introduce and explain the key concepts for understanding the new biologic approach to ACL treatment. The use of factors to enhance graft healing are reviewed, as well as an in-depth review of the science of platelet-rich plasma and its cellular components (platelets, white cells, and plasma). Chapters on in vitro models for science as well as the advantages and disadvantages of animal models for ACL research are included, as are chapters on the new technique of bio-enhanced ACL repair. All are discussed in easily readable text aimed at anyone with an interest of what is coming next in ACL surgery.

Now in its third edition, Sports Medicine: Study Guide and Review for Boards continues as the leading review text offering a focused survey of non-surgical sports medicine topics. Updated throughout to reflect current sports science, protocols, and practice, this book covers all topics related to and found on the Sports Medicine board examination. Written in outline format for targeted review, the book serves as a primary study tool for candidates preparing for initial certification or recertification as well as those wanting to supplement their training in sports medicine.Organized according to the exam blueprint with topics weighted to reflect their emphasis on the test, sections cover all subject areas found on the boards including basic science and general procedures; health promotion and preventative aspects; emergency assessment and care; and diagnosis, management, and treatment for the full range of sports-related injuries and conditions. A final sub-section on emerging topics in the field includes chapters on regenerative medicine, sports ultrasound, and a newly added chapter on exercise as medicine. The book also contains a practice test of over 260 questions new to this edition with answer key and detailed rationales for candidates to assess clinical knowledge and assist with final preparation for boards. Loaded with high-yield facts throughout, this proven resource is fit for any student, trainee, or clinician preparing for boards, MOC, or in-training exams. Key Features: Offers comprehensive coverage of all topics tested on the Sports Medicine Examination Encourages targeted review through easy-to-read outline format Illustrates key points with over 100 figures and tables for enhanced learning Contains full practice test with 260+ questions, answers, and explanations Purchase includes digital access for use on most mobile devices or computers

Sports medicine including care of the athlete can be an exciting and unique aspect of orthopaedic residency training and beyond. Many of us develop a lifelong passion for helping athletes get back to competition, but, at times, the challenge of mastering sports medicine can be daunting. This book is written by health care providers specifically to help residents prepare to effectively manage conditions seen in athletes both on the field and in clinical situations.

The Yearbook of International Sports Arbitration is the first academic publication aiming to offer comprehensive coverage, on a yearly basis, of the most recent and salient developments regarding international sports arbitration, through a combination of general articles and case notes. The present volume covers decisions rendered by the Court of arbitration for Sport (CAS) and national courts in 2016. It is a must-have for sports lawyers and arbitrators, as well as researchers engaged in this field. It provides in-depth articles on burning issues raised by international sports arbitration, and independent commentaries by esteemed academics and seasoned practitioners on the most important decisions of the year by the CAS and national courts. Dr. Antoine Duval is Senior Researcher for International and European Sports Law at the T.M.C. Asser Instituut in The Hague. He holds a Ph.D. on the interaction between Lex Sportiva and EU Law from the European University Institute in Florence. Prof. Antonio Rigozzi teaches international arbitration and sports law at the University of Neuchatel, Switzerland, and is the partner in charge of the sports arbitration practice at Levy Kaufmann-Kohler, a Geneva-based law firm specializing in international arbitration.

During the twentieth century, opportunities for exercise and sports grew significantly for girls and women in the United States. Among the key figures who influenced this revolution were female physical educators. Drawing on extensive archival research, Active Bodies examines the ideas, experiences, and instructional programs of white and black female physical educators who taught in public schools and diverse colleges and universities, including coed and single-sex, public and private, and predominantly white and historically black institutions. Working primarily with female students, women physical educators had to consider what an active female could and should do in comparison to boys and men. Applying concepts of sex differences, they debated the implications of female anatomy, physiology, reproductive functions, and psychosocial traits for achieving gender parity in the gym. Teachers' interpretations were conditioned by the places where they worked, as well as developments in education, feminism, and the law, society's changing attitudes about gender, race, and sexuality, and scientific controversies over the nature and significance of sex differences. While deliberating fairness for their students, women physical educators also pursued equity for themselves, as their workplaces and nascent profession often marginalized female and minority personnel. Questions of difference and equity divided the field throughout the century; while some teachers favored moderate views and incremental change, others promoted justice for their students and themselves by exerting authority at their schools, critiquing traditional concepts of "difference," and devising innovative curricula.
Exploring physical education within and beyond the gym, Active Bodies sheds new light on the enduring complexities of difference and equity in American culture.