To provide ubiquitous and various services, 6G networks tend to be more comprehensive and multidimensional by integrating current terrestrial networks with space-/air-based information networks and marine information networks; then, heterogeneous network resources, as well as different types of users and data, will be also integrated. Driven by the exponentially growing demands of multimedia data traffic and computation-heavy applications, 6G heterogenous networks are expected to achieve a high QoS with ultra-reliability and low latency. In response, resource allocation has been considered an important factor that can improve 6G performance directly by configuring heterogeneous communication, computing and caching resources effectively and efficiently. The book addresses a range of technical issues in cooperative resource allocation and information sharing for the future 6G heterogenous networks, from the terrestrial ultra-dense networks and space-based networks to the integrated satellite-terrestrial networks, as well as introducing the effects of cooperative behavior among mobile users on increasing capacity, trustworthiness and privacy. For the cooperative transmission in heterogeneous networks, the authors commence with the traffic offloading problems in terrestrial ultra-dense networks, and the cognitive and cooperative mechanisms in heterogeneous space-based networks, the stability analysis of which is also provided. Moreover, for the cooperative transmission in integrated satellite-terrestrial networks, the authors present a pair of dynamic and adaptive resource allocation strategies for traffic offloading, cooperative beamforming and traffic prediction based cooperative transmission. Later, the authors discuss the cooperative computation and caching resource allocation in heterogeneous networks, with the highlight of providing our current studies on the game theory, auction theory and deep reinforcement learning based approaches. Meanwhile, the authors introduce the cooperative resource and information sharing among users, in which capacity oriented-, trustworthiness oriented-, and privacy oriented cooperative mechanisms are investigated. Finally, the conclusion is drawn.

5G NR and Enhancements: From R15 to R16 introduces 5G standards, along with the 5G standardization procedure. The pros and cons of this technical option are reviewed, with the reason why the solution selected explained. The book's authors are 3GPP delegates who have been working on 4G/5G standardization for over 10 years. Their experience with the 5G standardization process will help readers understand the technology. Thousands of 3GPP papers and dozens of meeting minutes are also included to help explain how the 5G stand came into form.

This book investigates in detail the antenna optimization method with binary coding and their applications to antenna design. It introduces the binary coding principle and optimization method, the method of binary coding corresponding to geometry structure. In further, the designs by binary coding optimization method of following items are introduced, including multi-frequency antenna based on binary coding, low profile RFID tag antenna on metal, wideband directional antenna with low profile, mmWave antenna and UWB antenna. Additionally, improved hexagon unit to antenna optimization by binary coding method is given, and a new method of antenna design based on optimization of linear motion trajectory is presented in the end.This book proposes an automatic optimization method of meshed antenna based on binary coding, reduce the artificial a priori influence and find the best antenna. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in antenna technology, researchers investigating high performance antenna, and antenna design engineers working on new antenna and the applications.

This book deals with analysis techniques for TCP, UDP, Web, and SOAP data transmission performance on the IoT cloud side, CSMA-type, and multi-hop data transmission performance on the IoT edge side, as well as gateway receives buffer and transmit packet assembly data transmission performance. As mathematical tools for the analysis of communication performance, universal analysis methods such as stochastic processes, queues, Markov processes, and communication traffic simulators are applied to actual examples, and their usage is described in detail. This book aims to provide lifelong skills for analyzing communication performance that will serve as the basis for the future evolution of the IoT.

Multirate Signal processing can improve system performance and reduce costs in applications ranging from laboratory instruments, cable modems, wireless systems, satellites, Radar, Sonar, and consumer entertainment products. This second edition continues to offer a systematic, clear, and intuitive introduction to multirate signal processing for working engineers and system designers. Significant new material and fresh concepts, including Green Signal Processing techniques have been introduced. The author uses extensive examples and figures to illustrate a wide range of multirate techniques, from basic resampling to leading-edge cascade and multi-stage filter structures. Along the way he draws on extensive research and consulting experience to introduce processing "tricks" shown to maximize performance and efficiency. Coverage includes: * Effect of sampling and resampling in time and frequency domains * Relationships between FIR filter specifications and filter length (# of taps) * Window design and equal-ripple (Remez) design techniques * Square-Root Nyquist and Half-band Filters including new enhancements * Polyphase FIR filters: up-sampling, down-sampling * Polyphase M-path analysis and synthesis channelizers and cascade pairs * Polyphase interpolators for arbitrary sample rate changes * Dyadic half-band filters, quadrature mirror filters * Channel banks for multiple arbitrary bandwidths and center frequencies * Comprehensive coverage of recursive all-pass filters and channelizers, non-uniform and uniform phase, mixed recursive and non-recursive * Comparisons with traditional DSP designs * Extensive applications coverage throughout

This book consists of selected peer-reviewed articles from the International Conference on Computer Vision, High Performance Computing, Smart Devices and Networks (CHSN-2020), held at JNTU, Kakinada, India. The theme and areas of the conference include vast scope for latest concepts and trends in communication engineering, information theory and networks, signal, image and speech processing, wireless and mobile communication, Internet of Things, and cybersecurity for societal causes and humanitarian applications.

This book presents novel hybrid encryption algorithms that possess many different characteristics. In particular, "Hybrid Encryption Algorithms over Wireless Communication Channels", examines encrypted image and video data for the purpose of secure wireless communications. A study of two different families of encryption schemes are introduced: namely, permutation-based and diffusion-based schemes. The objective of the book is to help the reader selecting the best suited scheme for the transmission of encrypted images and videos over wireless communications channels, with the aid of encryption and decryption quality metrics. This is achieved by applying number-theory based encryption algorithms, such as chaotic theory with different modes of operations, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and the RC6 in a pre-processing step in order to achieve the required permutation and diffusion. The Rubik's cube is used afterwards in order to maximize the number of permutations. Transmission of images and videos is vital in today's communications systems. Hence, an effective encryption and modulation schemes are a must. The author adopts Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), as the multicarrier transmission choice for wideband communications. For completeness, the author addresses the sensitivity of the encrypted data to the wireless channel impairments, and the effect of channel equalization on the received images and videos quality. Complete simulation experiments with MATLAB (R) codes are included. The book will help the reader obtain the required understanding for selecting the suitable encryption method that best fulfills the application requirements.

Focused on the latest mobile technologies, this book addresses specific features (such as IoT) and their adoptions that aim to enable excellence in business in Industry 4.0. Furthermore, this book explores how the adoption of these technologies is related to rising concerns about privacy and trusted communication issues that concern management and leaders of business organizations. Managing IoT and Mobile Technologies with Innovation, Trust, and Sustainable Computing not only targets IT experts and drills down on the technical issues but also provides readers from various groups with a well-linked concept about how the latest trends of mobile technologies are closely related to daily living and the workplace at managerial and even individual levels.

Low Power UWB CMOS Radar Sensors deals with the problem of designing low cost CMOS radar sensors. The radar sensor uses UWB signals in order to obtain a reasonable target separation capability, while maintaining a maximum signal frequency below 2 GHz. This maximum frequency value is well within the reach of current CMOS technologies. The use of UWB signals means that most of the methodologies used in the design of circuits and systems that process narrow band signals, can no longer be applied.

Low Power UWB CMOS Radar Sensors provides an analysis between the interaction of UWB signals, the antennas and the processing circuits. This analysis leads to some interesting conclusions on the types of antennas and types of circuits that should be used. A methodology to compare the noise performance of UWB processing circuits is also derived. This methodology is used to analyze and design the constituting circuits of the radar transceiver. In order to validate the design methodology a CMOS prototype is designed and experimentally evaluated.

This book systematically presents the wireless sensing technology, which has become a promising sensing paradigm in recent years. It includes the introduction of underlying sensing principles, wireless signals, sensing methodologies and enabled applications. Meanwhile, it provides case studies to demonstrate how wireless sensing is applied for representative human and object sensing applications. This book also provides a wireless sensing framework as a guidance to understand and design a wireless sensing system or prototype based on their needs. It also presents a critical investigation of the challenges in achieving wireless sensing in both signal-level and application-level contexts. Accordingly, it summarizes the typical solutions to tackle the related challenges. Researchers and advanced-level students in computer science or electrical engineering working on the design of a wireless system will find this book useful as a reference. Professionals working in the wireless sensing industry will also find this book valuable as a reference tool.

An undeniably rich and thorough guide to satellite communication engineering, Satellite Communication Engineering, Second Edition presents the fundamentals of information communications systems in a simple and succinct way. This book considers both the engineering aspects of satellite systems as well as the practical issues in the broad field of information transmission. Implementing concepts developed on an intuitive, physical basis and utilizing a combination of applications and performance curves, this book starts off with a progressive foundation in satellite technology, and then moves on to more complex concepts with ease. What's New in the Second Edition: The second edition covers satellite and Earth station design; global positioning systems; antenna tracking; links and communications systems; error detection and correction; data security; regulations and procedures for system modeling; integration; testing; and reliability and performance evaluation. Provides readers with the systems building blocks of satellite transponders and Earth stations, as well as the systems engineering design procedure Includes the tools needed to calculate basic orbit characteristics such as period, dwell time, coverage area, propagation losses; antenna system features such as size, beamwidth, aperture-frequency product, gain, tracking control; and system requirements such as power, availability, reliability, and performance Presents problem sets and starred sections containing basic mathematical development Details recent developments enabling digital information transmission and delivery via satellite Satellite Communication Engineering, Second Edition serves as a textbook for students and a resource for space agencies and relevant industries.

This book discusses the architecture of future wireless networks, reliable communications between different nodes, and energy-efficient resource allocations for achieving sustainable wireless communications. To meet the increasing demands of wireless communication networks and achieve sustainable wireless communications, various promising technologies in this book have been investigated and developed. This book is to present cutting-edge research results on achieving sustainable wireless communications. In particular, the sustainable ultra-dense heterogeneous networks and the sustainability issues of non-orthogonal multiple access are investigated, the performances of cooperative networks with space-time network coding under different scenarios are evaluated, the dynamic estimation for a unified laser telemetry, tracking, and command system is discussed, and the energy-efficient resource allocation schemes are developed for future wireless communication networks. We believe that the results in this book can provide useful insights for the design of future wireless communication networks and achieving sustainable wireless communications. Graduate students, researchers, and engineers in the field of wireless communications can benefit from the book.

The definitive professional's guide to the Cisco next-gen 9800 wireless controllers As wireless networks, applications, and services rapidly evolve, they grow increasingly business critical, with steeper requirements for performance, latency, deployment density, and device support. The advanced Catalyst 9800 wireless controllers from Cisco meet these challenges, delivering exceptional adaptability, security, performance, scalability, and programmability. Based on the modern and secure Cisco IOS XE operating system, their support for Cisco intent-based networking will help you continually leverage new innovation. Now, four Cisco experts offer end-to-end guidance, practical tips, and proven recommendations for designing, deploying, and managing wireless networks with the Catalyst 9800. For technical decision makers, this guide delivers a deep understanding of Catalyst 9800 hardware and software, tightly linked to business value. Architects will find essential details for both upfront network design and feature implementation. Network operators and other IT professionals will discover tested tools and methods for reliable and efficient setup, configuration, monitoring, and troubleshooting. Whatever your role, this guide will help you maximize the value of any Catalyst 9800 network, and serve as your indispensable reference for years to come. Understand Catalyst 9800 benefits, capabilities, roles, and architecture Learn the new C9800 Configuration Model, with key design considerations and best practices Deploy and configure the C9800 in private and public clouds Systematically secure the C9800: from AAA and ACLs to rogue detection and wireless intrusion prevention (WIPS) Establish and optimize seamless client roaming in enterprise environments Learn how the C9800 implements key RF concepts Plan and implement an end-to-end architecture for QoS, and design/ deploy for high availability and network services like multicast Discover value-added wireless services available through Cisco DNA Spaces Drive agility and value via network programmability with YANG, Python, RESTCONF, and NETCONF Make the most out of the rich data models of Model-Driven Telemetry and Programmability using open-source tools Walk through wireless network troubleshooting, backup/restore, and upgrades

Internet of Things with 8051 and ESP8266 provides a platform to get started with the Internet of Things (IoT) with 8051. This book describes programming basics and how devices interface within designed systems. It presents a unique combination of 8051 with ESP8266 and I/O devices for IoT applications supported by case studies to provide the solutions to real-time problems. The programs and circuits have been tested on real hardware and explore different areas in IoT applications. Divided into four sections, it explains the customized boards for IoT applications followed by the means by which 8051 and ESP8266 interface with I/O devices. It spans levels from basic to advanced interfacing with special devices, server design, and data logging with different platforms. Features: Covers how I/O devices interface with 8051 and ESP8266 Explains the basic concepts of interfacing complexity using applications with examples Provides hands-on practice exercises with 8051 and ESP8266 for IoT applications Discusses both case studies and programming tests on real hardware during industrial and student projects Reviews the integration of smart devices with IoT Internet of Things with 8051 and ESP8266 is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students in electrical and electronics engineering, but anyone with an interest in the professional curriculum of electrical and electronics engineering will find this book a welcome addition to their collection.

Ubiquitous multimedia systems, or mobile multimedia systems, offer the promise of pervasive delivery of multimedia content to mobile users and their handheld devices. Ubiquitous Multimedia and Mobile Agents: Models and Implementations provides the hybridization of two paradigms, namely, ubiquitous/mobile multimedia and mobile agents, where mobile agents act as the platform to realize mobile multimedia delivery infrastructure. Ubiquitous multimedia systems involve user/creator authentication, media adaptation, data delivery over wireless network, QoS awareness, and user-mobility management. On the other hand, mobile agent technology is appropriate for the realization of a wide range of high-end mobile applications. Agents and mobile agents are capable of tackling various challenges faced by mobile multimedia delivery infrastructure. This book serves as an excellent reference for the latest research and models in ubiquitous multimedia.

This book provides applications of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in environmental monitoring, with an emphasis on livestock disease detection and agricultural management in Africa to aid farmers. This proposed system entails current and innovative monitoring technologies intended to improve agricultural conditions in Africa, with a focus on Botswana, and addresses the Internet of Things (IoT) as a set of remote monitoring protocols using WSNs to improve and ensure proper environmental maintenance. In this book, the author introduces WSNs, and how the IoT can be applied to develop a system of "smart agriculture" in Africa, taking into account livestock health, climate change impacts on crops and wildlife, and technological innovations in response to climate change such as windmills and solar panels. The book will be interesting to students and researchers in engineering and life sciences, as well as practitioners working with sensing technologies for agricultural monitoring and improvement.

State-of-the-art, flat structures called metasurfaces can filter and steer light and sound, render an object completely invisible to electromagnetic waves, and much more. They can deliver automation, remote operation, and advanced performance to a wide variety of existing systems, with applications in communications, medical imaging, sensing, and security. However, for non-specialists, individual metasurfaces are currently restricted to limited reusability and accessibility. This book brings together various scientific disciplines with the aim of outlining a programmable 'plug-and-play' metasurface. The book focuses on a recently proposed platform - known as the HyperSurface - that provides many electromagnetic functions of metasurfaces in a single structure, which can be controlled and reconfigured by software. This revolutionary approach paves the way for new opportunities in wireless communications and programmable wireless environments: HyperSurfaces could link networks with objects and physical environments and create smarter systems that are far more responsive to user demands. Walls that absorb radiation or block digital eavesdropping, and wireless, long-distance charging of devices are among the many possibilities. The book aspires to provide the foundational knowledge for creating an Internet of Materials, enabling smart environments at any scale - from indoor wireless communications to medical imaging equipment. Although the set of disciplines involved covers a considerable span, we hope that the material will benefit experts and students alike.

The subject of Discrete Signals and Systems is broad and deserves a single book devoted to it. The objective of this textbook is to present all the required material that an undergraduate student will need to master this subject matter and the use of MATLAB. This book is primarily intended for electrical and computer engineering students, and especially for use by juniors or seniors in these undergraduate engineering disciplines. It can also be very useful to practicing engineers. It is detailed, broad, based on mathematical basic principles, focused, and it also contains many solved problems using analytical tools as well as MATLAB. The book is ideal for a one-semester course in the area of discrete linear systems or digital signal processing, where the instructor can cover all chapters with ease. Numerous examples are presented within each chapter to illustrate each concept when and where it is presented. Most of the worked-out examples are first solved analytically and then solved using MATLAB in a clear and understandable fashion.

This book highlights new methods and parametric algorithms for the digital coherent processing of signals in airborne radar systems located on air vehicles. Using the autoregressive (AR) model, it delivers more accurate danger assessments for flight in wind shear and atmospheric turbulence, while also suggesting how they could be implemented. Given its scope, the book is intended for technical experts whose work involves the development, production and operation of airborne radio-electronic systems.

The Most Complete and Up-to-Date Account of Advanced Sensor Networking Technologies Handbook of Sensor Networking: Advanced Technologies and Applications provides a complete professional reference and practitioner's guide to today's advanced sensor networking technologies. The handbook focuses on both established and recent sensor networking theory, technology, and practice. Specialists at the forefront of the field address immediate and long-term challenges in their respective areas of expertise and explore practical solutions to a wide range of sensor networking issues. This comprehensive handbook is suitable for a range of readers, including researchers and practitioners, upper-division undergraduate and graduate students, sensor networking technologists and engineers, and security, law enforcement, and governmental agencies. The book gives readers a thorough understanding of the hardware of sensor networks, wireless communication protocols, sensor networks software and architectures, wireless information networks, data manipulation, signal processing, localization, and object tracking through sensor networks.

This book provides a system-level approach to making packaging decisions for millimeter-wave transceivers. In electronics, the packaging forms a bridge between the integrated circuit or individual device and the rest of the electronic system, encompassing all technologies between the two. To be able to make well-founded packaging decisions, researchers need to understand a broad range of aspects, including: concepts of transmission bands, antennas and propagation, integrated and discrete package substrates, materials and technologies, interconnects, passive and active components, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various packages and packaging approaches, and package-level modeling and simulation. Packaging also needs to be considered in terms of system-level testing, as well as associated testing and production costs, and reducing costs. This peer-reviewed work contributes to the extant scholarly literature by addressing the aforementioned concepts and applying them to the context of the millimeter-wave regime and the unique opportunities that this transmission approach offers.

This book first presents a tutorial on Federated Learning (FL) and its role in enabling Edge Intelligence over wireless edge networks. This provides readers with a concise introduction to the challenges and state-of-the-art approaches towards implementing FL over the wireless edge network. Then, in consideration of resource heterogeneity at the network edge, the authors provide multifaceted solutions at the intersection of network economics, game theory, and machine learning towards improving the efficiency of resource allocation for FL over the wireless edge networks. A clear understanding of such issues and the presented theoretical studies will serve to guide practitioners and researchers in implementing resource-efficient FL systems and solving the open issues in FL respectively.

A comprehensive reference book codifying the various standards releases for High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) wireless technology HSPA evolution has maintained its prominence through Releases 7-11 but the evolution is coming to an end with Release 12, with the focus moving to LTE. However, HSPA network and terminal sales will continue for many years: HSPA is expected to remain as the number one radio access technology from the sales point of view far beyond 2015. This timely book examines the complete HSPA evolution, and will be the ultimate long term reference for HSPA evolution. Headed by the successful editing team of Holma, Toskala and Tapia, industry experts look at HSPA evolution including complete Release 11 and the main additions in Release 12. They describe 3GPP definitions, field measurement, expected performance, practical optimization guidelines and the implications to the devices and to the networks. The book also covers MIMO antenna solutions and multicarrier evolution to provide higher data rates. Dedicated chapters include Continuous Packet Connectivity and High Speed Common Channels which provide major improvement to the smartphone capacity, end user performance and power consumption. The book assumes basic understanding of mobile communications yet the material is presented in an understandable way which can be enjoyed without any pre-information about MIMO or other technology solutions. * A comprehensive reference book codifying the various standards releases for High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) wireless technology * Leading editor and contributor team focusing their expertise on 3GPP features and performance, including Self Organizing Networks, LTE Interworking, Smartphone Optimization and Voice Evolution * Dedicated chapter covering VoIP over HSPA, recognizing that telephony will continue to bring most of the revenues to mobile operators in the near future * Includes tables, figures and plots illustrating the concepts or simulation results, to aid readers understanding of the topic An essential resource for R&D engineers by network, terminal and chip set vendors, network engineers with operators, application developers, regulators.