Publie deux ans avant la mort de Voltaire, le Commentaire historique sur les oeuvres de l'auteur de La Henriade presente l'image qu'il souhaite laisser a la posterite. Ce volume contient l'introduction a l'ouvrage, ainsi qu'une liste complete des manuscrits et des editions parues du vivant de Voltaire, et un dossier sur le destin posthume de l'ouvrage. Collaborateurs: David Adams, Alice Breathe, Logan Connors, Marie-Helene Cotoni, Nicholas Cronk, Stephanie Gehanne-Gavoty, Linda Gil, Russell Goulbourne, Basil Guy, John R. Iverson, David McCallam, Myrtille Mericam-Bourdet, Christophe Paillard, John Renwick, Kelsey Rubin-Detlev, Ruggero Sciuto, Katie Scott, Catriona Seth, Gerhardt Stenger, Christopher Todd, Bruno Tribout, Thomas Wynn.

Aucun autre siecle n'a autant inspire grand comme petit ecran, de l'epoque des Freres Lumiere a celle de Kubrick, Jacquot et Coppola. Grand inventeur de dispositifs techniques produisant des images animees, le dix-huitieme siecle est l'ancetre en ligne directe du cinematographe. Operer, par le cinema, une autre approche du siecle des Lumieres, tel est l'objet de cet ouvrage. Aux cotes des specialistes des medias, de la litterature et de l'histoire culturelle, des practiciens examinent un rapport a la fois memoriel, imaginaire et historique avec le passe. Au fonds naturel des adaptations en costumes et decors d'epoque vient s'ajouter une constellation de films indirectement impregnes d'un certain esprit des Lumieres, qui participent pleinement d'un imaginaire collectif construit au present et relevant d'un processus plus large d'actualisation. L'Ecran des Lumieres dessine un champ d'etude neuf ou les investigations culturelles, esthetiques et historiques se combinent dans une visee a la fois scientifique et creatrice qui reste aujourd'hui ouverte.

Si, au dix-huitieme siecle, l'Afrique est l'incarnation radicale de 'l'autre', ses representations portent cependant le sceau d'un paradoxe fondamental: elles s'affirment comme 'veridiques', alors meme que le continent et ses habitants sont tres mal connus. Les discours sur l'Afrique ont donc une double histoire: celle de l'exploration progressive du continent et celle des attentes des lecteurs auxquels ils sont destines. Pour analyser la nature et les implications de ce paradoxe, une equipe de specialistes a examine ces representations selon deux perspectives. Il s'agissait de comprendre comment des fictions s'enracinaient, en amont, dans des textes qui se donnaient comme des recits de voyages authentiques et comment, en aval, cet imaginaire a pu determiner des comportements reels, susciter aussi bien le mouvement de colonisation que les combats pour l'emancipation des esclaves. Plus qu'un inventaire des descriptions de l'Afrique, ce volume propose une reflexion sur ses representations, sur leurs racines, leurs fonctions ideologiques et leur diffusion. Il ne s'agit donc pas de mettre en scene, pour mieux le condamner, le racisme au siecle des Lumieres, mais de cerner ce que l'on pensait savoir alors sur l'Afrique et les Africains, en utilisant des outils d'analyse empruntes a Michel Foucault. Dans ce volume interdisciplinaire, abondamment illustre, les auteurs examinent pour la premiere fois la genealogie et les conditions d'un 'savoir' sur l'Afrique au dix-huitieme siecle. Pour tous ceux qui travaillent sur les recits de voyages et sur l'histoire culturelle des Lumieres, L'Afrique du siecle des Lumieres: savoirs et representations constitue une lecture essentielle.

Livre a lire et livre a voir, le roman illustre des Lumieres nous invite a un double exercice du regard, grace auquel l'oeuvre litteraire distille ses messages et accomplit son pouvoir de seduction sur un lecteur qui est aussi un spectateur. Fruit d'une recherche originale menee en archives sur plus de 2300 gravures, cet ouvrage porte sur la facon dont l'illustration romanesque a utilise, d'une maniere souvent paradoxale, le motif du livre et de la lecture pour reflechir aux pouvoirs conjoints des textes et des gravures sur l'imagination du lecteur. Livres vus, livres lus se compose d'un essai critique, d'une anthologie de gravures, dont certaines sont presentees pour la premiere fois, et d'une bibliographie d'editions de romans illustres qui repertorie beaucoup de titres jusqu'ici inconnus. Un commentaire penetrant et precis accompagne pres de 120 gravures qui representent les themes recurrents dans le roman du XVIIIe siecle: l'acte de lire lui-meme, le rapport du roman a la Bible, le gout des bibliotheques, la lecture feminine, la fabrication des livres. Cette interpretation du roman a travers son dispositif textuel et visuel captivera tous ceux qui s'interessent au roman du XVIIIe siecle, a l'illustration du livre et a l'histoire culturelle de la lecture.

Depuis les travaux innovateurs de Georges May et de Henri Coulet, qui furent parmi les premiers a identifier l'importance intellectuelle et esthetique du roman en tant qu'objet d'etudes, nous avons assiste a une expansion enorme du corpus de textes analyses; nous en disposons a la fois dans des editions savantes et des editions moins specialisees. L'interet critique porte au roman du dix-huitieme siecle n'a jamais ete aussi grand. Ce volume reunit les travaux d'une equipe internationale de specialistes qui reexaminent la contribution apportee par differentes approches critiques du roman: l'histoire culturelle et l'histoire de l'imprimerie, l'analyse textuelle et rhetorique, les etudes sur le genre, sur la traduction et sur l'illustration. Les auteurs eclairent d'un jour nouveau l'evolution des gouts des lecteurs et des attitudes critiques, et prouvent la degradation progressive de hypotheses souvent trop limitees sur la nature et l'origine du genre. Ces etudes demontrent que le roman ne peut pas se reduire a une seule caracteristique, surtout pas au simple 'realisme', et que son importance et l'interet qu'il suscite perdurent en raison de la diversite meme de ses formes, du langage qu'il utilise et des sujets innovateurs qu'il aborde. Dans ces articles que leurs multiples facettes rendent si stimulants, Le Second Triomphe du roman du XVIIIe siecleapporte au lecteur de nouvelles facons de lire au vingt et unieme siecle le roman du dix-huitieme.

Historians of the French Revolution used to take for granted what was also obvious to its contemporary observers--that the Revolution was shaped by the radical ideas of the Enlightenment. Yet in recent decades, scholars have argued that the Revolution was brought about by social forces, politics, economics, or culture--almost anything but abstract notions like liberty or equality. In Revolutionary Ideas, one of the world's leading historians of the Enlightenment restores the Revolution's intellectual history to its rightful central role. Drawing widely on primary sources, Jonathan Israel shows how the Revolution was set in motion by radical eighteenth-century doctrines, how these ideas divided revolutionary leaders into vehemently opposed ideological blocs, and how these clashes drove the turning points of the Revolution. In this compelling account, the French Revolution stands once again as a culmination of the emancipatory and democratic ideals of the Enlightenment. That it ended in the Terror represented a betrayal of those ideas--not their fulfillment.

n 1695 John Locke published The Reasonableness of Christianity, an enquiry into the foundations of Christian belief. He did so anonymously, to avoid public involvement in the fiercely partisan religious controversies of the day. In the Reasonableness Locke considered what it was to which all Christians must assent in faith; he argued that the answer could be found by anyone for themselves in the divine revelation of Scripture alone. He maintained that the requirements of Scripture were few and simple, and therefore offered a basis for tolerant agreement among all Christians, and the promise of peace, stability, and security through toleration. This is the first critical edition of the Reasonableness: for the first time an authoritative annotated text is presented, with full information about sources, variants, amendments, and the publishing history of the work. Also provided in the editorial notes are cross-references, references to other works by Locke, definitions of terms, and other information conducive to an understanding of the text. Though modern interest has focused particularly on Locke's philosophy and political theory, increasing attention is being paid to his religious thought. These different strands cannot be understood properly in isolation from each other: so the broader aim of this edition is to help towards an improved understanding of his religious thought in the context of his work as a philosopher, political theorist, and exponent of religious toleration. In his editorial introduction John Higgins-Biddle investigates how Locke's ideas developed, and offers a critical assessment of the three main contemporary and subsequent interpretations of Locke's religious thought, all of which are shown to be unsatisfactory.

Enlists the principles of post-humanist critique in order to investigate decades of intimate dialogues between African American and Spanish intellectuals In Archives of Flesh, Robert Reid-Pharr reveals the deep history of intellectual engagement between African America and Spain. Opening a fascinating window onto black and anti-Fascist intellectual life from 1898 through the mid-1950s, Reid-Pharr argues that key institutions of Western Humanism, including American colleges and universities, developed in intimate relation to slavery, colonization, and white supremacy. This retreat to rigidly established philosophical and critical traditions can never fully address-or even fully recognize-the deep-seated hostility to black subjectivity underlying the humanist ideal of a transcendent Manhood. Calling for a specifically anti-white supremacist reexamination of the archives of black subjectivity and resistance, Reid-Pharr enlists the principles of post-humanist critique in order to investigate decades of intimate dialogues between African American and Spanish intellectuals, including Salaria Kea, Federico Garcia Lorca, Nella Larsen, Langston Hughes, Richard Wright, Chester Himes, Lynn Nottage, and Pablo Picasso. In the process Reid-Pharr takes up the "African American Spanish Archive" in order to resist the anti-corporeal, anti-black, anti-human biases that stand at the heart of Western Humanism.

Sait-on bien quel historien singulier ce fut que l'auteur du Siecle de Louis XIV? Voltaire a si peu deguise son parti pris qu'on finirait par ne plus apercevoir ce qu'a d'insolite sa methode. 'Quiconque pense, ecrit-il dans l'introduction du Siecle, et ce qui est encore plus rare, quiconque a du gout ne compte que quatre siecles dans l'histoire du monde.' Selectionner ainsi son objet, c'est postuler ce qu'il faudra prouver, c'est revendiquer a priori une faculte de gout dont l'histoire est tenue de manifester la superiorite. L'historien n'a donc pas a expliquer, il doit peindre, c'est le mot meme de Voltaire. Il parait superflu de remonter aux causes. Les faits parlent assez clairement: le Grand Siecle compte dans l'histoire universelle par la Revolution qu'il y produit, l'avenement d'une civilisation du gout, jugee telle, il est vrai, d'apres des criteres qu'il se pourrait que Voltaire eut empruntes a l'epoque en cause. C'est afin de celebrer le 250e anniversaire de ce qui fut un evenement pour les contemporains, la publication du Siecle de Louis XIV, que le Centre d'etude de la langue et de la litterature francaises des dix-septieme et dix-huitieme siecles de l'Universite de Paris-Sorbonne organisa le colloque 'Voltaire et le Grand Siecle'. Le volume present rassemble vingt-neuf etudes traitant de la methode de l'historien, des lecons de cette histoire nouvelle, de la 'philosophie' que Voltaire tire de l'observation minutieuse du materiau historique, ainsi que de la politique religieuse de Louis XIV. Voltaire voit des taches sur la gloire du Roi-Soleil.

Des jardins de Felonde dans le Pharsamon de Marivaux a l'Elysee de Julie dans La Nouvelle Heloise, le roman du dix-huitieme siecle semble avoir accorde une place eminente a des lieux nouant des liens privilegies avec le feminin, au point que deux d'entre eux soient devenus de veritables emblemes du siecle: le serail et le boudoir. A partir d'un corpus de plus de soixante-dix romans, on cherche ici a comprendre cette insistance des espaces du feminin dans l'imaginaire des Lumieres en postulant qu'elle renvoie aux fantasmes d'une societe confrontee a la decouverte de l'espace familial. On tente d'abord de dessiner les frontieres de cette geographie romanesque du feminin. L'examen des differents liens unissant corps et decors feminins conduit a une typologie des principaux sites de ce territoire, puis a une analyse des metaphores faisant du corps feminin le lieu fantasmatique d'une exploration. Suit une approche politique de ces espaces, lieux d'un rapport de force et d'une pulsion d'emprise qui prend essentiellement deux formes: le fantasme d'une effraction dans l'intimite feminine et celui d'une claustration du corps feminin. Cette pulsion ne se concoit guere sans une hantise secrete que les textes de Rousseau mettent en lumiere: la crainte d'un empire du feminin faisant peser sur les hommes une menace de feminisation. D'ou la necessite d'une reclusion domestique des femmes et d'une nouvelle economie des relations entre les sexes. C'est sur cette perspective economique que s'acheve ce travail: l'economie domestique pronee par Rousseau s'oppose, en effet, aux economies erotiques de la pluralite (le 'monde' libertin, le serail despotique). Ces deux modeles antagonistes suscitent en leur marge des economies paralleles qui reactivent le fantasme d'une autosuffisance de la sphere feminine. Autour des espaces du feminin dans le roman des Lumieres, c'est donc le principe meme de la difference sexuelle qui se joue.

This collection of 28 original essays examines the diverse scope of John Locke s contributions as a celebrated philosopher, empiricist, and father of modern political theory. * Explores the impact of Locke s thought and writing across a range of fields including epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of science, political theory, education, religion, and economics * Delves into the most important Lockean topics, such as innate ideas, perception, natural kinds, free will, natural rights, religious toleration, and political liberalism * Identifies the political, philosophical, and religious contexts in which Locke s views developed, with perspectives from today s leading philosophers and scholars * Offers an unprecedented reference of Locke s contributions and his continued influence

L'anneau magique qui relie musique et langage delimite un univers insondable dans lequel causes et effets s'enlacent indistinctement. Dans ce neant vertigineux, la galaxie rousseauienne exerce une attirance irresistible et promet, a l'esprit critique qui ose l'aborder, des aventures intellectuelles passionnantes. L'irreductible auteur des Confessions a justement place le fleau de sa pensee au point d'equilibre de ces deux poles, entre musique et langage, une zone definie par le concept de societe car, proclame-t-il dans l'Essai sur l'origine des langues: 'les oiseaux sifflent, l'homme seul chante; et l'on ne peut entendre ni chant, ni symphonie, sans se dire a l'instant. Un autre etre sensible est ici.' Rousseau reitere dans son Dictionnaire de musique sa theorie de l'exclusivite humaine de la parole et de la musique: 'Quoiqu'il en soit de l'etymologie du nom, l'origine de l'art est certainement plus pres de l'homme, et si la parole n'a pas commence par du chant, il est sur, au moins, qu'on chante partout ou l'on parle.' Autour de cette dialectique de la musique et du langage se sont reunis des rousseauistes et d'autres specialistes de la musique et du langage pour cogiter la thematique de ces noces infinies et en pourchasser les echos a travers les denses bocages de l'oeuvre du philosophe-musicien. Leurs textes ici reunis constituent les actes du XIIe colloque de l'Association Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

This book outlines and analyzes John Locke's political thought about the oceans with a focus on law and freedom at sea. The book examines the Two Treatises of Government, in which Locke argues that the seas are collectively owned by all humans and are governed by universal natural laws that prohibit piracy. Locke's Two Treatises provides a systematic political theory of the seas that contributes to theories of international law and maritime law, but his text does not answer the practical question of how to enforce law effectively at sea. The book also considers how Locke translated his theoretical ideas into practice when he was involved in policymaking as a member of England's Board of Trade during the 1690s. On the Board, Locke waged a war against pirates by proposing an anti-piracy treaty between Europe's major maritime states, by successfully advocating a new English piracy law, and by supporting the deployment of the English Navy against pirates. Locke's war against pirates was consistent with the natural law theory in the Two Treatises, and helped to build English empire on land and at sea. There is also consistency between Locke's theoretical views about slavery and his work on the Board of Trade. As a Board member, Locke advocated forced migration and forced labor for English convicts, which is consistent with the theory of penal slavery in the Two Treatises and suggests that his theory was intended to justify the enslavement of English convicts. However, there are tensions between Locke's arguments in the Two Treatises and the policies of forced naval service that he supported on the Board. Locke's theories of law and freedom at sea shaped his vision of English national identity, and influenced the English government's policies about slavery and piracy.

The Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment series, previously known as SVEC (Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century), has published over 500 peer-reviewed scholarly volumes since 1955 as part of the Voltaire Foundation at the University of Oxford. International in focus, Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment volumes cover wide-ranging aspects of the eighteenth century and the Enlightenment, from gender studies to political theory, and from economics to visual arts and music, and are published in English or French.

This is a collection of Paul Hoffman's wide-ranging essays on Descartes composed over the past twenty-five years. The essays in Part I include his celebrated "The Unity of Descartes' Man," in which he argues that Descartes accepts the Aristotelian view that soul and body are related as form to matter and that the human being is a substance; a series of subsequent essays elaborating on this interpretation and defending it against objections; and an essay on Descartes' theory of distinction. In the essays in Part II he argues that Descartes retains the Aristotelian theory of causation according to which an agent's action is the same as the passion it brings about, and explains the significance of this doctrine for understanding Descartes' dualism and physics. In the essays in Part III he argues that Descartes accepts the Aristotelian theory of cognition according to which perception is possible because things that exist in the world are also capable of a different way of existing in the soul, and he shows how this theory figures in Descartes' account of misrepresentation and in the controversy over whether Descartes is a direct realist or a representationalist. The essays in Part IV examine Descartes' theory of the passions of the soul: their definition; their effect on our happiness, virtue, and freedom; and methods of controlling them.

This collection of reading and essays on the Standard of Taste offers a much needed resource for students and scholars of philosophical aesthetics, political reflection, value and judgments, economics, and art. The authors include experts in the philosophy of art, aesthetics, history of philosophy as well as the history of science. This much needed volume on David Hume will enrich scholars across all levels of university study and research.

In the wide range of essays, poems and pamphlets contained in this volume we witness Voltaire exercising his polemical powers on a remarkable multiplicity of fronts, only a matter of months before he got involved in the Calas affair. Most notably, he offers a spirited defence of French classical theatre against English influence in "Appel a toutes les nations", he launches a fierce attack against Rousseau in "Lettres sur la Nouvelle Heloise" and "Rescrit de l'empereur de la Chine", and exposes the injustice of the excommunication of actors in "Conversation de M. l'intendant des Menus". Confrontation between the embattled encyclopedistes and an increasingly confident and aggressive anti-philosophe faction in the Paris Parlement and Versailles also links a number of miscellaneous texts together in this volume.

The Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment series, previously known as SVEC (Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century), has published over 500 peer-reviewed scholarly volumes since 1955 as part of the Voltaire Foundation at the University of Oxford. International in focus, Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment volumes cover wide-ranging aspects of the eighteenth century and the Enlightenment, from gender studies to political theory, and from economics to visual arts and music, and are published in English or French.

The Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment series, previously known as SVEC (Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century), has published over 500 peer-reviewed scholarly volumes since 1955 as part of the Voltaire Foundation at the University of Oxford. International in focus, Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment volumes cover wide-ranging aspects of the eighteenth century and the Enlightenment, from gender studies to political theory, and from economics to visual arts and music, and are published in English or French.

Fenelon was a nuanced and influential diagnostician of the ills of European society, one who carefully analysed phenomena as wide-ranging and complex as egocentrism, authoritarianism, and imperialism. Despite his influence there has been to date no interpretive monograph in English devoted specifically to his thought. Ryan Patrick Hanley aims to correct this oversight, providing the first book-length interpretative study of Fenelon's writings to appear in English. A companion volume to Hanley's comprehensive English translation of Fenelon's moral and political writings, this book focuses on Fenelon's political thought as a method of understanding his impact on areas ranging from economics and statecraft to religion and literature. Hanley begins by reconstructing Fenelon's political ideas for those who may be encountering his work directly or at length for the first time. He then articulates the connections between Fenelon's political thought and several other fields to which he made significant and long-recognized contributions, including not only philosophy and political science, but also economics, education, literature, theology, and spirituality. Building from this foundation, Hanley constructs a new understanding and appreciation of Fenelon's political thought and its significance. He argues that Fenelon is better understood as a moderate and modern thinker rather than as a radical or reactionary, and that Fenelon deserves to be seen not merely as a political thinker but as a political philosopher, one whose work has direct relevance to our political world today.

Over the past one and a half decades, the scope of experimental philosophy (x-phi) has expanded significantly. Experimental research programmes now cover almost all areas of philosophy, including epistemology, the philosophy of language, action theory, and the free will debate, to name just a few. This volume introduces the reader to these new developments in an accessible and systematic way. It explains how x-phi differs from traditional views of philosophy, investigates in depth how it uses empirical evidence to support philosophical conclusions of various kinds, and introduces the reader to both the most widely discussed experimental studies and the latest advancements in the field. As a critical study, it also examines the various criticisms that x-phi has received over the years and seeks, tentatively, to adjudicate them.

Ce livre historique peut contenir de nombreuses coquilles et du texte manquant. Les acheteurs peuvent generalement telecharger une copie gratuite scannee du livre original (sans les coquilles) aupres de l'editeur. Non reference. Non illustre. 1772 edition. Extrait: ...peches des morts, afin d'at tirer la benediction de Drfcu fur les vivans. 3. Qu'il n'etait point encor question de resurrection dans ces tems-la, qu'il est reconnu que cette question ne fut agitee chez les Juifs que du tems de Gamaliel, un peu avant les predications de J E s u s-C H R I S T. ( Voyez le Talmud tome 2. ) 40. Que la loi des Juifs consistant dans le Decalogue, le Levitique & le Deuteronome, 11'ayant jamais parle ni de l'immortalite de Neuvieme partie, N l'ame, ni des tourmens de l'enser; il etaie impossible a plus forte raison qu'elle eut ja, mais annonce un purgatoire. f." Les heretiques & les incredules font les derniers efforts pour demontrer u leur maniere que tous les livres des Maccabees font evidemment apocryphes. Voici leurs pretendues preuves.. Les Juifs n'ont jamais reconnu les livres des Maccabees pour canoniques, pourquoi les recon naitrions-n ous?, Origene declare formellement que rhistoire bes Maccabees est a rejetter. St. Jerome juge ees livres indignes de croyance. Le concile de Laodicee tenu en 367 11e les admit point parmi les livres canoniques; les Athanase, les Cyrilles, les Hilaire, les rejettent. Les raisons pour traiter ces livres de romans, & de tres mauvais romans, font les suivantes. L'auteur ignorant commence par la faussete la plus reconnue de tout le monde. Il Liv. L dit, Alexandre appella les jeunes nobles qui ch. 2. v. avaient ete nourris avec lui des leur enfance, 1' il ijftr partagea son royaume tandis quil vivait...

From the author of Wittgenstein's Poker and Would You Kill the Fat Man?, the story of an extraordinary group of philosophers during a dark chapter in Europe's history On June 22, 1936, the philosopher Moritz Schlick was on his way to deliver a lecture at the University of Vienna when Johann Nelboeck, a deranged former student of Schlick's, shot him dead on the university steps. Some Austrian newspapers defended the madman, while Nelboeck himself argued in court that his onetime teacher had promoted a treacherous Jewish philosophy. David Edmonds traces the rise and fall of the Vienna Circle-an influential group of brilliant thinkers led by Schlick-and of a philosophical movement that sought to do away with metaphysics and pseudoscience in a city darkened by fascism, anti-Semitism, and unreason. The Vienna Circle's members included Otto Neurath, Rudolf Carnap, and the eccentric logician Kurt Goedel. On its fringes were two other philosophical titans of the twentieth century, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Karl Popper. The Circle championed the philosophy of logical empiricism, which held that only two types of propositions have cognitive meaning, those that can be verified through experience and those that are analytically true. For a time, it was the most fashionable movement in philosophy. Yet by the outbreak of World War II, Schlick's group had disbanded and almost all its members had fled. Edmonds reveals why the Austro-fascists and the Nazis saw their philosophy as such a threat. The Murder of Professor Schlick paints an unforgettable portrait of the Vienna Circle and its members while weaving an enthralling narrative set against the backdrop of economic catastrophe and rising extremism in Hitler's Europe.

A central concern in Hume scholarship is that of the relationship between Hume's early Treatise of Human Nature and his later Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Is the Enquiry merely a simplified restatement of the contents of Book 1 of the Treatise, or do the two substantially differ? Another vital issue is as follows: how can we reconcile Hume's seemingly destructive skepticism with his constructive, naturalistic program for a science of human nature? Hsueh M. Qu provides here a new interpretation of Hume's epistemology, addressing these perennial and central questions of Hume scholarship, and showing them as intimately related. He argues that the Enquiry indeed differs from the Treatise because Hume changes his response to skepticism between the two works. With this understanding, Qu clarifies a host of enduring questions about the works. Because the Treatise has as its primary focus the psychological naturalistic project, its treatment of epistemological issues is helter-skelter, arising unsystematically from the results of the central psychological investigation. Consequently, Hume finds himself forced into a response to skepticism founded on the Title Principle. However, this response is deeply problematic, as Hume himself seems to recognize. In contrast to the Treatise, the Enquiry emphasizes the epistemological aspects of Hume's project, and offers a radically different and more sophisticated epistemology that takes the form of an internalist reliabilism. Hume's Epistemological Evolution establishes the Enquiry as far more than a watered-down version of the Treatise, and as a worthy object of philosophical study in its own right. Qu offers a broader, master narrative encompassing both the Treatise and the Enquiry that stakes out a narrative of evolution across the two works-a narrative that explains some of the most central interpretive questions in Hume scholarship.