Gallstone disease is one of the most prevalent digestive diseases,
resulting in a considerable amount of financial and social burden
in the USA. Approximately 20 million Americans have gallstones.
Because gallstone disease is a common clinical problem, basic and
clinical studies on this disease continue to advance at a rapid
pace, and a book focusing on basic science, current diagnosis and
management of gallstones will greatly help practicing
gastroenterologists, gastroenterological endoscopists, physicians
and surgeons to understand the etiology of this disease and the
availability of effective medical therapies. In this book,
recognised medical experts discuss recent advances in the
epidemiology, pathophysiology, pathogenesis, genetics and
diagnosis, as well as endoscopic, medical and surgical therapies of
gallstone disease. This compilation on gallstone disease was
written by fifty authors from eight countries (Canada, China,
Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the
USA). There are thirty chapters in this book. Chapters One and Two
discuss the epidemiology and natural history of cholesterol and
pigment gallstone disease. Chapters Three through Six summarise
recent progress in the pathogenesis of gallstone disease from a
physical-chemical and pathophysiological perspective. Chapter Seven
elucidates the roles of the immune system and the microbiome on the
pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones. Chapters Eight and Nine
review the roles of nuclear receptors and the enterohepatic
circulation of bile acids in cholesterol gallstone diseases.
Chapters Ten through Twelve discuss the discovery of Lith genes and
more fundamental knowledge concerning the genetic determinants and
the molecular mechanisms underlying the critical role of Lith genes
in gallstone formation in mice and humans. Chapter Thirteen
discusses gallstones in pregnancy and explains why gallstone
prevalence is higher in women than in men. Chapters Fourteen
through Eighteen discuss the effects of diet, insulin resistance,
obesity, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on the
formation of cholesterol gallstones. Chapter Nineteen provides
diagnostic flow charts for biliary lithiasis. In Chapter Twenty,
important non-invasive imaging findings of common gallbladder
pathology are reviewed, and current strategies for the optimal use
of imaging in the evaluation of patients with suspected gallbladder
disease is discussed. Chapter Twenty-One evaluates current
pharmacological therapy in cholesterol gallstones. Chapter
Twenty-Two describes laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Chapters
Twenty-Three through Twenty-Six discuss surgical treatment and
endoscopic management of common bile duct stones and
hepatolithiasis. Chapter Twenty-Seven reviews recent progress on
the endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones with endoscopic
papillary large balloon dilation. Chapter Twenty-Eight addresses
surgical treatment of gallstones and their complications. Chapter
Twenty-Nine discusses treatment of intrahepatic duct stones from a
Western perspective. Chapter Thirty describes the history and
incidence rate of Mirizzi syndrome, and summarises recent progress
in its classification, diagnosis, and management. The articles in
this book provide a state-of-the-art review of the current
knowledge on the lithogenesis and the management of gallstone
disease, as well as promote future epidemiological investigation,
basic and translational research, and clinical studies on this
prevalent biliary disorder worldwide.
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