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General and Applied Aspects of Halophilic Microorganisms (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1991)
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General and Applied Aspects of Halophilic Microorganisms (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1991)
Series: NATO Science Series A:, 201
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During recent years the subject of extreme environments and
extremophiles has become a central topic in modern Biology. The
capability of some microorganisms to withstand, and often prefer,
the harsh conditions found in such environments is helping to
define the physicho-chemicallimits of life and in consequence its
essential nature. Halophiles are one of the most representative
types of extremophiles, requiring high concentrations of inorganic
salts, mostly sodium chloride, to grow and survive. They inhabit
hypersaline environments, the distribution and abundance of which
dur ing geological eras are attested by the vast amounts of
evaporite rocks present in the Earth crust and by their role in the
generation of petroleum deposits. The corditions of high osmolarity
and ionic strength that are concomitant with concentrated salt
solutions challenge the stability of lipid bilayers and the
structure of proteins forcing halophilic microbes to develop
specialized molecules and physiological me;;hanisms to cope with
this environmental stress. Even so, halophilism is a widespread
trait in the microbial world. All the major groups of eucaryotic
microbes, two groups of archaeobacteria and most phylogenetic
branches of eubacteria have halophilic representatives. Therefore,
the study of halophilic microorganisms is indeed a highly
heterogeneous and extense topic. The present volume contains the
contributions to the FEMS-NATO Advanced Research Workshop on
"General and Applied Aspects of Halophilic Microorganisms" held at
Alicante, Spain, September 17-22, 1989.
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