With collective behaviors playing a fundamental role in many
scientific and technical disciplines, the book, after an overview
on the background to systemics, introduces the concept of
COLLECTIVE BEING as a Multiple System established by processes of
emergence and self-organization of the same agents simultaneously
or dynamically interacting in different ways. The general
principles underlying this approach are grounded on the theoretical
role of the observer. This extended view allows to model in a more
suitable way complex systems, such as in physics, biology and
economics. The Dynamical Usage of Models (DYSAM) is the related
modelling methodology. This innovating approach is applied to
artificial and natural systems equipped with cognitive systems,
such as autonomous robots and social systems. The authors discuss
in two different chapters both traditional (i.e. based on dynamical
systems and dissipative structures) and non-traditional (i.e. based
on theory of phase transitions, Synergetics and connectionistic
models) models of emergence. The book also introduces an innovative
methodology for detecting the establishment of processes of
emergence based on changes of ergodicity.
After a theoretical introduction of the concepts, the authors
discuss the application to social systems and cognitive systems.
Applications to social systems deal with issues such as
representing and distinguishing growth and development, sustainable
development, ethics and its crucial role to induce and maintain
emergence of social systems, virtual systems, knowledge management
and organizational learning. Applications to cognitive systems deal
with approaches going beyond computationalism, theories
ofconsciousness and embodied cognition.
Two conclusive appendices on (1) Some systemic properties and
(2) Some questions and answers about Systemics, help the reader to
have a synthesized view of the book.
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