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Bioenergetics - Energy Conservation and Conversion (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 1st ed. 2008)
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Bioenergetics - Energy Conservation and Conversion (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 1st ed. 2008)
Series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, 45
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The fermentation of sugar by cell-free yeast extracts was
demonstrated more than a century ago by E. Buchner (Nobel Prize
1907). Buchner's observations put an end to previous animistic
theories regarding cellular life. It became clear that metabolism
and all cellular functions should be accessible to explication in
chemical terms. Equally important for an understanding of living
systems was the concept, explained in physical terms, that all
living things could be cons- ered as energy converters [E.
Schroedinger (Nobel Prize 1933)] which generate complexity at the
expense of an increase in entropy in their environment.
Bioenergetics was established as an essential branch of the
biochemical sciences by the investigations into the chemistry of
photosynthesis in i- lated plant organelles [O. Warburg (Nobel
Prize 1931)] and by the discovery that mitochondria were the
morphological equivalent that catalyzed cellular respiration. The
?eld of bioenergetics also encompasses a large variety of ad-
tional processes such as the molecular mechanisms of muscle
contraction, the structure and driving mechanisms of microbial
?agellar motors, the energetics of solute transport, the extrusion
of macromolecules across membranes, the transformation of quanta of
light into visual information and the maintenance of complex
synaptic communications. There are many other examples which, in
most cases, may perform secondary energy transformations, utilizing
- ergy stored either in the cellular ATP pool or in electrochemical
membrane potentials.
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