This book explores the idea that we have two minds - one that is
automatic, unconscious, and fast, the other controlled, conscious,
and slow. In recent years there has been great interest in
so-called dual-process theories of reasoning and rationality.
According to dual processs theories, there are two distinct systems
underlying human reasoning - an evolutionarily old system that is
associative, automatic, unconscious, parallel, and fast, and a more
recent, distinctively human system that is rule-based, controlled,
conscious, serial, and slow. Within the former, processes are held
to be innate and to use heuristics which evolved to solve specific
adaptive problems. In the latter, processes are taken to be
learned, flexible, and responsive to rational norms.
Despite the attention these theories are attracting, there is
still poor communication between dual-process theorists themselves,
and the substantial bodies of work on dual processes in cognitive
psychology and social psychology remain isolated from each other.
This book brings together leading researchers on dual-processes to
summarize the state of the art, highlight key issues, present
different perspectives, explore implications, and provide a
stimulus to further work.
It includes new ideas about the human mind both by contemporary
philosophers interested in broad theoretical questions about mental
architecture and by psychologists specialising in traditionally
distinct and isolated fields. For all those in the cognitive
sciences, this is a book that will advance dual-process theorizing,
promote interdisciplinary communication, and encourage further
applications of dual-process approaches.
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