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Books > Science & Mathematics > Physics > States of matter > Condensed matter physics (liquids & solids)
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Crackling Noise - Statistical Physics of Avalanche Phenomena (Hardcover)
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Crackling Noise - Statistical Physics of Avalanche Phenomena (Hardcover)
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The response of materials and the functioning of devices is often
associated with noise. In this book, Stefano Zapperi concentrates
on a particular type of noise, known as crackling noise, which is
characterized by an intermittent series of broadly distributed
pulses. While representing a nuisance in many practical
applications, crackling noise can also tell us something useful
about the microscopic processes ruling the materials behavior. Each
crackle in the noise series usually corresponds to a localized
impulsive event, an avalanche, occurring inside the material. A
distinct statistical feature of crackling noise, and of the
underlying avalanche behavior, is the presence of scaling, observed
as power-law distributed noise pulses, long-range correlation, and
scale free spectra. These are the hallmarks of critical phenomena
and phase transitions. This work summarizes the current
understanding of crackling noise, reviewing research undertaken in
the past 30 years, from the early and influential ideas on
self-organized criticality in sandpile models, to more modern
studies on disordered systems. Crackling Noise covers the main
theoretical models used to investigate avalanche phenomena,
describes the statistical tools needed to analyze crackling noise,
and provides a detailed discussion of a set of relevant examples of
crackling noise in materials science. These include acoustic
emission in fracture, strain bursts in amorphous and crystal
plasticity, granular avalanches, magnetic noise in ferromagnets and
superconductors, and fluid flow in porous media. The book concludes
by considering the wider application of these models in the natural
sciences.
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