On March 27, 1977, 583 people died when KLM and Pan Am 747s
collided on a crowded, foggy runway in Tenerife, the Canary
Islands. The cause, a miscommunication between a pilot and an air
traffic controller. The pilot radioed, "We are now at takeoff",
meaning that the plane was lifting off, but the tower controller
misunderstood and thought the plane was waiting on the runway. In
Fatal Words, Steven Cushing explains how miscommunication has led
to dozens of aircraft disasters, and he proposes innovative
solutions for preventing them. Cushing examines ambiguities in
language and other causes of miscommunication between pilots and
air traffic controllers. He looks at instances when a pilot or
tower controller slips from technical aviation jargon into
colloquial English, when a pilot inadvertently "tunes out" repeated
instructions, when radios are misused, when a word is used that has
different meanings, and when different words are used that sound
alike. For example, he shows how a confusion involving to and two
led to a fatal crash at a Southeast Asian airport. To remedy these
problems Cushing proposes, for the short term, a visual
communication system to supplement voice communication, one that
would include a visual touchscreen interface. The technical details
of a visual touchscreen prototype are included in an appendix. For
the longer term, Cushing outlines an intelligent voice interface to
filter conversations for potential confusions and provide real-time
feedback to help clear up confusing language. Fatal Words is an
accessible explanation of some of the most notorious aircraft
tragedies of our time, and it will appeal to scholars in
communications, linguistics, and cognitivescience, to aviation
experts, and to general readers.
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