By drawing on quantitative data and qualitative analyses of five major national education policies implemented in India over the last 15 years, this comprehensive volume explores their impact on teacher quality and perceived effectiveness, explaining how this relates to variations in student performance. Responding to a national agenda to increase the quality of the Indian teacher workforce, Teacher Quality and Education Policy in India critically questions the application of human capital theory to Indian education policy. Chapters provide in-depth and strategically structured analyses of five national policies - including the recently approved National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 - to see how Indian policymakers use teacher quality as a driver and measurement of education and national economic development. Ultimately, the text offers evidence-based policy recommendations to improve teacher quality in India, suggesting that while all five policies have contributed significant frameworks and recommendations for teacher quality reform, they have failed to move beyond a symbolic function. Given its rigorous methodological approach, this book will be a valuable addition to the under-researched question of education policymaking in postcolonial contexts. It will be an indispensable resource not only for scholars working on policymaking in the Indian context, but also for those working at the intersection of education, teacher development, and policymaking in developing countries.

This volume explores the shared expectations that education is a panacea for the difficulties that refugees and their receiving countries face. This book investigates the ways in which education is both a dream solution as well as a contested landscape for refugee families and students. Using comparative, cross-national perspectives across five continents, the editors and contributors critically analyze the educational structures, policies, and practices intended to support refugee youth transition from conflict and post-conflict zones to mainstream classrooms and schools in their new communities.

Teacher effectiveness and teacher quality have become the focus of intense international attention and concern. Around the world, governments are modifying existing certification requirements or implementing value-added modeling in order to qualify teachers without planning for the long-term consequences of these actions. The book brings together scholars from multi-disciplinary and international backgrounds to address two critical areas: (1) what existing cross-national measures of teacher effectiveness and teacher quality are most promising, and how can these be aligned to maximize their research potential; and (2) what core constructs of teacher quality or effectiveness are missing, and how can cross-national research help identify these. Identifying both what is used and what is missing in the international and comparative analysis and reform of teacher quality is key to informing evidence-based educational policy formation around teacher quality.

The pandemic forced significant changes to institutional and individual academic activities and norms, while highlighting inequities, opportunities, and challenges already present in the realm of internationalization in its plurality around the globe. Internationalization and Imprints of the Pandemic on Higher Education Worldwide chronicles such changes and issues, but also empirically forecasts their impacts on the ways in which internationalization at the post-secondary level has responded in practice to new realities, exigencies, and possibilities. The chapter authors address three key areas: higher education leadership and policy in times of crisis, international mobility and student experiences modified by Covid-19, and the mobilization and acceleration of learning technologies in response to Covid-19. This timely collection addresses contemporary issues and the future trajectories in International Education, essential reading for policymakers and educational researchers.

Political violence, civil unrest, economic crises, and natural disasters have occurred at a constant pace, leading to an ongoing global crisis of refugees and other forced immigrants and migrants, i.e. (im)migrants. The infrastructures, capacities, and policies necessary to address the needs of refugee youth, their families, and their communities are strained in host countries and receiving communities worldwide. Education for Refugees and Forced (Im)Migrants Across Time and Context follows the journey of refugee and forced (im)migrant youths as their educational needs and opportunities vary according to resettlement communities’ immigration policies, dominant culture and language, geography, and other key factors. There is little research around the transition from peri- to post-migration education of refugee youth across time and context. Chapter authors address that gap by examining the conditions of refugee youth across different types of refugee contexts, including violence/conflict, natural disaster, economic crisis, political oppression, and how educational expectations, opportunities, and experiences shift before, during, and after the forced (im)migration journey. This important collection analyzes the complex combination of frameworks, drivers, and characteristics of education for refugee and forced (im)migrant youth to inform education policy, practice, and research.

The 20th anniversary of the collapse of the Soviet Union is a time to reflect and call attention to the educational transformations in post-socialist nations of Southeast/Central Europe and the former Soviet Union and in educational systems around the world. While the educational landscape changed most obviously in the former socialist countries and aligned nations, the impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union was felt in nations worldwide. This volume will provide a comparative account of the meanings and processes of post-socialist transformations in education by exploring recent theories, concepts, and debates on post-socialism and globalization in national, regional, and international contexts. Of particular interest is a critical examination of post-socialist transformations and the evolution of educational change globally since 1991. Understanding these complex developments since 1991 is critical to the study of education around the world in the new millennium.

This volume of "International Perspectives on Education and Society" investigates the often controversial relationship between gender, equality and education from international and comparative perspectives. Much has been written recently about the global progress made toward gender parity in enrolment and curriculum in nations around the world. And there is much to tout in these areas. Although gender parity is not yet the global norm, the expectation of gender equality increasingly is. Some have gone so far as to say that the global expansion of modern mass schooling has created a world culture of gender equality in education. Yet, while there have been many positive advances regarding girls' and women's education around the world, there are still significant differences that are institutionalized in the policies and administrative structures of national education systems. For example, some of the strongest evidence of gendered inequality in schooling is the fact that in many developing countries there are large proportions of school-age children who are not in school - many if not most of whom are girls. The question this volume investigates is whether gender equality in education is really being achieved in schools around the world or not.

By drawing on quantitative data and qualitative analyses of five major national education policies implemented in India over the last 15 years, this comprehensive volume explores their impact on teacher quality and perceived effectiveness, explaining how this relates to variations in student performance. Responding to a national agenda to increase the quality of the Indian teacher workforce, Teacher Quality and Education Policy in India critically questions the application of human capital theory to Indian education policy. Chapters provide in-depth and strategically structured analyses of five national policies - including the recently approved National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 - to see how Indian policymakers use teacher quality as a driver and measurement of education and national economic development. Ultimately, the text offers evidence-based policy recommendations to improve teacher quality in India, suggesting that while all five policies have contributed significant frameworks and recommendations for teacher quality reform, they have failed to move beyond a symbolic function. Given its rigorous methodological approach, this book will be a valuable addition to the under-researched question of education policymaking in postcolonial contexts. It will be an indispensable resource not only for scholars working on policymaking in the Indian context, but also for those working at the intersection of education, teacher development, and policymaking in developing countries.

Comparative and International Education is a dynamic and growing field facing extraordinary challenges in every corner of the world. World Education Patterns in the Global North surveys the educational responses and new educational landscapes being developed as a consequence of powerful global forces demanding change within the Global North's educational contexts, including North America, Central and South-East Europe, and East Asia, These forces include the ecological crisis, the population explosion, the changing nature of work, the rise of knowledge economies, economic internationalism, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the technology revolution, changing social relations, the empowerment of minority interest groups, the rise of multicultural societies, the diminishing stature of the nation-state, and the rise of supra-national and international political structures.

This volume explores the shared expectations that education is a panacea for the difficulties that refugees and their receiving countries face. This book investigates the ways in which education is both a dream solution as well as a contested landscape for refugee families and students. Using comparative, cross-national perspectives across five continents, the editors and contributors critically analyze the educational structures, policies, and practices intended to support refugee youth transition from conflict and post-conflict zones to mainstream classrooms and schools in their new communities.

Comparative and International Education is a dynamic and growing field facing extraordinary challenges in every corner of the world. World Education Patterns in the Global South surveys the educational responses and new educational landscapes being developed as a consequence of the powerful global forces that are demanding change within the Global South's educational contexts, including Central and South-East Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean,. These forces include urbanisation in the Global South, the rise of the informal economic sector in the Global South, the changing presence of religion, the Creed of Human Rights, democratisation, and the rise of supranational and international political structures on the one hand and, on the other, sub-national and decentralised structures.

Since 2013, the Annual Review of Comparative and International Education has covered significant developments in the intersecting fields of comparative education, international education, and comparative and international education. The Annual Review of Comparative and International Education 2021, Part A, begins with a collection of discussion essays about comparative and international education trends and directions, followed by studies that focus on new developments in comparative and international education by regional area. Topics covered in this volume include diversity in research trends in comparative and international education; refugee education programs; the syndemic of race, gender, and Covid-19; the impact of Covid-19 in schools; the right to education in South American countries; the effects and challenges of online learning during the pandemic in China; and a comparison of racial and ethnic inequalities in South Africa. With contributions from leading scholars and professionals across the field of comparative and international education, this edition will be of use to education researchers and professionals alike.

Since 2013, the Annual Review of Comparative and International Education has covered significant developments in the field of comparative and international education. The Annual Review of Comparative and International Education 2020 begins with a collection of discussion essays about comparative education trends and directions written by both professional and scholarly leaders in the field. Topics covered in this volume include major theoretical and methodological developments, reports on research-to-practice, area studies and regional developments, and the diversification of comparative and international education. A special introductory chapter examines the diversity in research trends in online versus traditional publications in the field and investigates the differences in content and representation among Global North and Global South research contributions.

In an era of educational globalization, teacher quality is heralded as a key factor to improve education quality worldwide. Since the 1980s, global, national, and local education policies and reforms have consistently focused on improving teacher quality in order to improve student learning outcomes. In India, which has one of the largest student populations and fastest growing economies in the world, the quality of teaching is blamed for the poor performance by Indian students on internationally-comparative assessments. As a result, Indian national policy documents and curriculum frameworks have repeatedly called for drastic improvements in teacher preparation and performance, but with few widespread results. By identifying and analyzing various measures of teacher quality, and how teacher quality varies in India, this book provides an evidence-based framework for policymakers to further improve teacher quality in India. Building Teacher Quality in India provides suggestions for further research in order to augment educational practices in India, secure better student achievement, and improve the country's global standing. This book is essential reading for education researchers and policymakers looking at teacher quality as a measure to improve student performance.

This book examines the discourses on nation-building, civic identity, minorities, and the formation of religious identities in school textbooks worldwide. It offers up-to-date, practical, and scholarly information on qualitative and mixed-method textbook analysis, as well as the broader context of critical comparative textbook and curriculum analyses in and across selected countries. The volume offers unique and empirical research on how internal educational policies and ideological goals of dominant social, political, and economic groups affect textbook production and the curricular aims in different educational systems worldwide. Chapters address the role of school textbooks in developing nationhood, the creation of citizenship through school textbooks, the complexity of gender in normative discourses, and the intersection of religion and culture in school textbooks.

Since 2013, the Annual Review of Comparative and International Education has covered the significant developments in the field of comparative and international education. This year's edition begins with a collection of reflective essays about comparative education trends and directions written by both professional and scholarly leaders in the field. Topics covered in the 2018 volume include major theoretical and methodological developments, reports on research-to-practice, area studies and regional developments, and the diversification of comparative and international education. A special introductory chapter addresses the "osmosis" of comparative and international education research across field and disciplinary boundaries. This book sheds light on the most recent advances and patterns within the field of comparative education and will prove an essential text for researchers in the field of global education.

Since 2013, the Annual Review of Comparative and International Education has covered significant developments in the intersecting fields of comparative education, international education, and comparative and international education. Reflecting on ten prolific years of publication, both volumes of the 2022 Annual Review together present discussions on education trends and directions, conceptual and methodological developments, research-to-practice, area studies and regional developments, and diversification of the field of education. Featuring authors from around the world, they tell the story of comparative and international education as an academic and professional field and address both the functions and ethics of education across vastly different cultures, communities, organizations, and outcomes. Part B explores research-to-practice, area studies and regional development, and diversification of the field. The Annual Review of Comparative and International Education serves as an important reference, a source of knowledge, a record of the skills and how they are implemented, and a figurative mirror helping scholars and professionals alike reflect on their own practice and what it means both to the field and to each other.

This book examines the discourses on nation-building, civic identity, minorities, and the formation of religious identities in school textbooks worldwide. It offers up-to-date, practical, and scholarly information on qualitative and mixed-method textbook analysis, as well as the broader context of critical comparative textbook and curriculum analyses in and across selected countries. The volume offers unique and empirical research on how internal educational policies and ideological goals of dominant social, political, and economic groups affect textbook production and the curricular aims in different educational systems worldwide. Chapters address the role of school textbooks in developing nationhood, the creation of citizenship through school textbooks, the complexity of gender in normative discourses, and the intersection of religion and culture in school textbooks.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has been an active international influence in the assessment, development, and reform of national educational systems worldwide. The introduction of the OECD's flagship international educational assessment, confirmed by, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). But, there are many questions still unanswered about the OECD and its global impact on education. First, there is no definitive history of the OECD's educational agendas, development, or initiatives. Second, there is no comprehensive investigation into the impact it has had on educational reform. Finally, the educational impact of OECD compared to organizations such as UNESCO has not been comprehensively addressed. This volume investigates the history, contexts, agendas, and initiatives associated with the OECD's educational impact globally. The goal is to present information, case studies and empirical research about the development of the OECD's educational agenda as a whole, and the specific impact that OECD-supported activities, initiatives, and policies have had in countries or educational systems around the world.

The Annual Review of Comparative and International Education (ARCIE) is a forum for stakeholders and scholars to examine current trends and identify future directions in comparative and international education. The goal of the ARCIE volume is to examine current perspectives and future directions for the field using several essays as a context for discussion and analysis. Contributed chapters begin by addressing the questions and themes discussed in these essays which include: the use of new conceptual or methodological frameworks; the connection between research and practice; the emergence of new area studies, and diversification of the field to include human rights, multicultural and social education, environmental education, education for sustainable development, arts education, and special education, among others. The format of ARCIE pieces entails an analytic overview of published work in the field, noting key issues and future directions. It provides an important and well-cited international forum for the discussion of matters of comparative and international education theory, policy and practice.

As the target year of achieving Education for All development goals approached in 2015, there were discussions about the post-EFA agenda, a process parallel to setting the post-Millennium Development Goals. This transition should not be understood simply as a normative framework. It has coincided with changes in structure, actors, modes of interactions, and practices. The emergence of new types of donors who used to be recipients of aid is changing the landscape of international educational development. Transnational networks of civil society actors gained power to set the discourse at multiple levels, through their global mission-driven and expertise-based advocacy. Advanced communication technologies and broader participation increased the amount of ideas exchanged, while the global governance structure becomes more centralized in its decision making.

The goal of the ARCIE volume is to examine current perspectives and future directions for the field using several essays as a context for discussion and analysis. The format of ARCIE pieces entails an analytic overview of published work in the field, noting key issues and future directions. It provides an important and well-cited international forum for the discussion of matters of comparative and international education theory, policy and practice.

The goal of the ARCIE volume is to examine current perspectives and future directions for the field using several essays as a context for discussion and analysis. Contributed Volume chapters begin by addressing the questions and themes discussed in these essays which will include: the use of new conceptual or methodological frameworks; the role of CIE in teacher education and higher education; the emergence of new area studies, and diversification of the field to include human rights, multicultural and social education, environmental education, education for sustainable development, arts education, and special education, among others. The format of ARCIE pieces entails an analytic overview of published work in the field, noting key issues and future directions. It provides an important and well-cited international forum for the discussion of matters of comparative and international education theory, policy and practice.

The worldwide shift towards a knowledge society and information based economy requires educational policy makers to re-evaluate their understanding of the knowledge and skills students need in order to achieve national development goals. This shift has influenced curriculum development, teacher preparation, and the role of formal schooling in creating lifelong learners and an educational culture, which reflects both national development interests and global norms. The Arabian Gulf countries, which largely comprise the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member countries, include Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Most of these Gulf countries have embarked on bold national experiments to pilot technology and teaching in their schools as a way to transition to knowledge societies. Their national interests and expectations have increasingly focused on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education and both the regional and global context in which Gulf societies, economies, and political systems operate.

The internationally comparative perspective of the volume will frame educational innovation and social entrepreneurship using both the globalization and contextualization of educational quality and opportunity in disadvantaged communities worldwide as a foundation. Through the use of both empirical research reports and case study examples, this volume will examine the contributions of social entrepreneurs through educational programs, projects and systems worldwide, and how the social, cultural and political communities in each nation contextualize educational innovations. Chapters will examine evidence to assess the impact of social entrepreneurship in education and to make recommendations for innovative educational change. This volume will also highlight the importance of theory in both understanding and guiding innovative ideas in every stage of entrepreneurial development from research-to-practice.