Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) usually represents the final step in the management of severe chronic respiratory diseases: a large proportion of patients suffering from these conditions is involved and the corresponding impact for the Health Institutions and the Society is dramatically increasing. Although LTOT is well known and widely used since long ago in most modern countries, it still represents a challenging topic due to the huge amount of variables which can affect both its efficacy and effectiveness. Unfortunately, patients, doctors, care-givers, together with health institutions and political decision makers frequently have different visions on LTOT, thus highly contributing to obtain uneven results and changing outcomes. The focus of this volume is on new insights and novel perspectives of LTOT. Starting from consolidated experiences, it's aim is also to emphasize the strategic value of developing technologies and innovative organizational models uniquely to find out even more opportunities and advantages for the management of chronic respiratory patients needing long-term oxygen treatment.

Emergency Medicine Review: Preparing for the Boards, by Richard Harrigan, Matthew Tripp, and Jacob Ufberg, uniquely combines a comprehensive, bulleted review of all required subjects with a thorough practice exam of board-style questions, giving you all the tools you need to be prepared and confident during the American Board of Emergency Medicine's qualifying exam and beyond! You can also access the online Q&A review at expertconsult.com. A comprehensive, bulleted review section allows you to efficiently brush up on every area tested on the exam. Board-style practice questions - in print and online - let you assess your mastery of all topics you need to know. Over 200 illustrations challenge you to correctly identify images, read ECGs, and interpret other visual elements crucial to successful completion of the exam. Answers and detailed explanations for every question enable you to fill any gaps in your knowledge. Content based on The Model of the Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine, from which the boards and ConCert exams are also derived, lets you focus on the most essential information in the field. High yield board prep information to help the busy emergency physician's certification/recertification needs

Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers is an exciting and evolving alternative to blood transfusion. This issue explores its potential with topics on: "HBOCs from Human or Bovine Hemoglobin," "Comparison of HBOCs to Stored Human Red Blood Cells," "HBOCs and Tissue Oxygenation," "HBOCs: Role in surgery, resuscitation or hemorrhagic shock?" and more!

For an anesthesiologist, though the challenge of managing an obstetric patient can be very satisfying and rewarding, it can also be extremely difficult given the potential for serious harm to the fetus and mother. For routine care, it is important to understand the risks and benefits of many practices to provide patients with informed decisions and the most satisfying experiences. There are also many less-usual patients and situations, however, that challenge the anesthesiologist's skills significantly. This issue of the Anesthesiology Clinics presents the most up-to-date information on both of these categories, and is written by an outstanding group of experienced clinicians from all over the world. Topics including high-risk analysis, use of simulators for training, major hemorrhage, off-labor-floor consultation, depth of anesthesia monitoring, pharmaceuticals, use of vasopressors, neurological infections after neuroaxial anesthesia, airway management, the HIV patient, ultrasound, and others.

A comprehensive, state-of-the-art contribution to a field that is rapidly developing, "The Behavioral Consequences of Stroke" provides a broad overview of the cognitive and neurobehavioral effects of stroke. As attention to paralysis and the more obvious physical disabilities stroke patients incur expands, greater attention is being paid today to the cognitive and neurobehavioral complications that impact stroke morbidity and even functional neurological recovery in patients. Written by an international panel of experts and edited by a neurosurgeon and by a cognitive neuroscientist, this unique title addresses the full range of issues relevant to the field, including epidemiology, general treatment, sensorimotor control after stroke, post-stroke aphasia, memory loss after stroke, post-stroke depression, the role of imaging after a stroke, and an update on some stroke clinical trials, to name just some of the areas covered.

Illuminative and an influential addition to the literature, "The Behavioral Consequences of Stroke" will serve as an invaluable resource for neurologsits, neurosurgeons, physiatrists and other physicians, as well as physical, speech and occupational therapists, nurses, psychologists, and other professionals. "

The information you really need! This title in the Essentials of Anesthesia and Critical Care series presents core clinical neuroanesthesia and neurointesive care knowledge in a practical, user-friendly format. A manageable size and affordable price makes this an ideal purchase for every clinician who would like an economical yet dependable resource in this Provides the key neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care information you need from authorities you trust. Uses a concise, user-friendly format to help you locate answers quickly. Features key points boxes in each chapter to help you quickly access the most crucial information. Includes annotated references that guide you to the most relevant additional resources. Features a compact size and clinical emphasis that facilitates and enhances bedside patient care. Contains the authoritative guidance of larger reference books without the expense.

"Explosion and Blast-Related Injuries" is an authoritative text that brings together diverse knowledge gained from both the experience of clinicians treating blast casualties and the insights of scientists obtained from research and modeling of blast exposures. By providing information on explosion and blast injury patterns, as well as the mechanism of blast-induced injuries, it is a useful reference for both physicians and researchers. With contributions by experts from around the globe, the book covers topics such as the epidemiology of blast and explosion injury, pathology and pathophysiology, and the modeling and mechanism of injury. Finally, this book might stimulate additional studies into ways to improve our current mass casualty response systems.
* Contains contributions from experts who had first hand experience dealing with explosion and blast injuries.
* Provides a diverse global experience derived from both military operations and terrorist attacks in civilian settings from the US, Europe and the Middle East.
* Covers such topics as epidemiology of blast and explosion injury, pathology and pathophysiology, modeling and mechanism of injury, and finally presents the global experiences of blast injury and mass casualty management.

The terrorist use of diseases as bioweapons has been one of the major security concerns in recent years, particularly after the anthrax letter attacks in the USA in 2001. This uncertain threat of intentional outbreaks of diseases exists side by side with the constantly changing very real threat from diseases, epidemics and pandemics as recently illustrated by the H1N1 influenza pandemic, SARS, and H5N1 bird influenza events. This publication contains case studies on the public health planning for (un)usual disease outbreaks for 11 large and small countries with a focus on South Eastern Europe. In many countries, military entities traditionally play an important role in emergency response to disease outbreaks. In smaller countries, very little exists, however, in terms of specific biopreparedness efforts (in both the military and civilian area), which is at least partly due to a relatively low bioterrorism threat perception, and serious resource constraints. The uncertainty associated with the bioterrorism threat makes public health preparedness planning for such events politically and financially very difficult. The similarity of responding to bioterrorism events and natural disease outbreaks from a public health point of view suggests the merit of looking at biopreparedness as a part of overall health emergency planning, not as a separate effort.

Decision making regarding fluid volume loading, fluid restriction, or administration of vasoactive drugs may vary among physicians, depending solely upon their clinical experience in the absence of evidence-based measurement. The initial distribution volume of glucose (IDVG) is believed to be clinically relevant as a marker of cardiovascular and fluid management in critically ill patients without a significant modification of glucose metabolism. This book covers all aspects of IDVG measurement, including the basic concept, its relationship with other fluid volumes, and the clinical application of this technique in the intensive care unit based on both the authors studies and their clinical experience with more than 4000 IDVG determinations. When the concept of IDVG is properly understood and its measurement is then performed routinely, daily fluid and cardiovascular management in critically ill patients can be improved based on evidence-based measurement."

Perioperative care is the care that is given before and after surgery. This textbook is a complete guide to the anaesthetic and critical care management of patients undergoing complex surgeries in all organ systems of the body. Topics cover all age groups - neonates, children, and adults. Divided into 11 sections, the book begins with a general overview of critical care in the perioperative period discussing airway management, pain, fluid and electrolyte therapy, shock, arterial blood gas analysis, respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation, and thromboembolism. The following sections cover surgeries in different organ systems and patient groups - cardiothoracic and vascular, neurosciences, paediatrics, obstetrics and gynaecology, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, orthopaedics, head and neck, and transplantation. The final section explains selected miscellaneous topics including nutrition, haemodynamic monitoring, echocardiography, renal replacement therapy, and antibiotics. Compiling 700 pages, the comprehensive text is further enhanced by clinical photographs, diagrams and tables. Key points Comprehensive guide to perioperative critical care in neonates, children and adults Covers complex surgeries in all organ systems Includes discussion on imaging, airway management, and ventilation Highly illustrated with clinical photographs, diagrams and tables

Current and concise, the updated and revised 2nd Edition of this pocket-sized reference reflects the substantial changes shaping the evaluation and treatment of many emergency conditions today. Its unique "signs and symptoms" approach offers the quickest possible way to diagnose critical conditions in an emergency situation. Organized around presenting symptoms, it can be used in real time to answer patient care questions. Diagnoses are listed in order of their severity in each chapter, with the symptoms, signs, suggested workup, and patient disposition given for each diagnosis. Uses a symptom-based approach for quick diagnosis. Features an outline format for real-time reference. Focuses on the 200 conditions most frequently encountered in the emergency room. Presents a useful tool for evaluating the likelihood that a specific symptom - or symptoms - denotes a particular disease, and allows the reader to initiate an appropriate treatment. Includes new chapters on emergency situations involving biological, chemical, and radiation terrorism * chapters devoted to the challenges presented by patients with AIDS and those with organ transplants * two chapters on environmental emergencies * one chapter examining heat illness, hypothermia, and submersion injury * and a chapter on envenomations. Features expanded "Treatment Considerations" sections.

Substantialfundamental workhas been undertaken inthe different aspects of impact biomechanics over the past three decades. Much of this has been motivated and undertaken bythe automotive industry intheirefforts to improve transport safety. More recently, however, it has become app- ent that themultidisciplinary synergies which are realisedby interactions between engineers, scientists and clinical practitioners will ultimately lead to a greater understanding of the complex interacting phenomena withinthe human bodyafter it has sustained an impact. In turn, this greater depth of knowledge will provide more fundamentalinsights into the analysis, d- gnosis, treatment and prevention ofimpact injuries across a broader sp- trum of accident environments. Thescienti?c focus of this IUTAM symposium istoaddress those t- ics that are centrally important to the biomechanics ofimpact. These can be groupedinto those that are concerned with the different causes of - cidents (e. g. , transport, occupational and sports injuries), themechanics - volvedinaccident analysis (e. g. , accident investigation, computational m- elling techniques), the different types of resulting traumatic injuries (incl- ing musculoskeletal, organ, spinal and head injuries), methods of asse- ing the extent of injury (e. g. , injury assessment, injury criteria, constitutive laws for human tissue), and providing protection during an impact (e. g. , injury prevention, energy absorption materials, and safety devices).

"Hospital Preparation for Bioterror" provides an extremely timely guide to improving the readiness of hospitals or healthcare organizations to manage mass casualties as a result of bioterrorism, biological warfare, and natural disasters. Contributions from leading law enforcement agencies, hospital administrators, clinical engineers, surgeons and terror-prevention professionals provide the most comprehensive, well-rounded source for this valuable information. Chapters on logistics and protecting the infrastructure help personnel distinguish the specific risks and vulnerabilities of each unique institution and assists in identifying specific solutions for disaster and bioterrorism preparedness.
-Principles and techniques discussed are applicable to all disasters, both large and small, not just bioterrorism
-Technical aspects such as hospital power and telecommunications are covered, in addition to patient care, response to mass casualties, large-scale drills, and surge capacity.
-Organized along functional lines, patient flow, medical specialty, and infrastructure
-A complimentary website with supplementary materials, check-lists, and references enhances the text and provides additional resources for preparedness.

Intensive Care Medicine compiles the most recent developments in experimental and clinical research and practice in one comprehensive reference book. The chapters are written by well recognized experts in the field of intensive care and emergency medicine. It is addressed to everyone involved in internal medicine, anesthesia, surgery, pediatrics, intensive care and emergency medicine.

This book addresses earthquakes, with a special focus on the Ghorka earthquake, which struck parts of central Nepal in April 2015. Drawing on this disastrous event, it closely examines various aspects of earthquakes in contributions prepared by international experts. The topics covered include: the geological and geophysical background of seismicity; a detailed inventory of the damage done by the earthquake; effective damage prevention through earthquake-safe buildings and settlements; restoration options for world-heritage buildings; strategies for providing technical and medical relief and, lastly, questions associated with public life and economy in a high-risk seismic zone. Combining perspectives from various fields, the book presents the state of the art in all earthquake-related fields and outlines future approaches to risk identification, damage prevention, and disaster management in all parts of society, administration, and politics in Nepal. Beyond the specific disaster in Nepal, the findings presented here will have broader implications for how societies can best deal with disasters.

This comprehensive account of the deadliest Ebola outbreak in history examines its devastating effects on West Africa's most vulnerable populations: pregnant women and children. Noted experts across disciplines assess health care systems' responses to the epidemic in Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, emphasizing key areas such as pregnancy, prenatal services, childbirth, neonatal care, and survivor health among pregnant and non-pregnant women. The 30 chapters hone in on gender-based social issues exacerbated during the outbreak, from violence against women and girls to barriers to female education. At the same time, chapters pinpoint numerous areas for service delivery and policy improvements for more coordinated, effective, and humane actions during future pandemics. A sampling of the topics: Ebola virus disease: perinatal transmission and epidemiology Comprehensive clinical care for children with Ebola virus disease Maternal and reproductive rights: Ebola and the law in Liberia Ebola-related complications for maternal, newborn, and child health service delivery and utilization in Guinea The Ebola epidemic halted female genital cutting in Sierra Leone-temporarily Maternity care for Ebola at Medecins Sans Frontieres centers Stigmatization of pregnant women with and without Ebola Exclusion of women and infants from Ebola treatment trials Role of midwives during the Ebola epidemic Pregnant in the Time of Ebola is a powerful resource for public health specialists, anthropologists, social scientists, physicians, epidemiologists, nurses, midwives, and governmental and non-governmental agency staff studying the effects of the epidemic on women and children as a result of the most widespread Ebola outbreak to date.

Although its roots date back to the early decades of the 20th century, critical care medicine did not emerge as a specialty in medicine until the 1970 s. Over the last 30 years or so, the field of critical care medicine has grown tremendously and there is now a solid body of scientific information that forms the foundation for the practice of critical care medicine. But, now as physicians and hospitals around the world focus to an ever greater extend on providing high quality care, the practice of critical care medicine will continue to grow in visibility and importance among clinicians and the general public as well.

This book seeks to identify the trends in critical care medicine that will form the basis for practice over the next ten years. Predicting the future is always risky. Nevertheless, the ideas articulated in this book are likely to serve as a road map for intensivists, hospital administrators and governmental leaders interested in healthcare, as they seek to improve the quality and efficiency of hospital-based services."

En Estados Unidos, cada ano, aproximadamente 1,6 millones de pacientes pediatricos se transportan en ambulancia al departamento de emergencias y se atiende a millones mas en todo el mundo. Dado que la atencion pediatrica prehospitalaria se considera una atencion de baja frecuencia y alta gravedad, es fundamental que los profesionales renueven y actualicen sus conocimientos clinicos, practiquen habilidades psicomotoras y apliquen pensamiento critico a los posibles casos de los pacientes para garantizar que puedan poner en practica estas habilidades cuando se reciba una llamada pediatrica. La cuarta edicion de Atencion pediatrica de emergencia es el siguiente paso en la evolucion de este curso critico de capacitacion continua. Este manual es un recurso interesante que se puede consultar despues del curso para ayudar a los profesionales a proporcionar la mejor atencion a sus pacientes jovenes. Un enfoque de la atencion pediatrica centrado en la familia El programa de Atencion pediatrica de emergencia de la Asociacion Nacional de Tecnicos en Emergencias Medicas (National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians, NAEMT) asiste a los pacientes pediatricos a traves de la educacion global de profesionales de la atencion prehospitalaria de todos los niveles. El programa de Atencion pediatrica de emergencia promueve la excelencia en el tratamiento de pacientes pediatricos por parte de todos los profesionales involucrados en la atencion prehospitalaria. El objetivo principal del curso de Atencion pediatrica de emergencia no es unicamente garantizar que los profesionales de servicios medicos de emergencia puedan atender mejor a los ninos enfermos y lesionados; tambien reconoce que casi todas las llamadas pediatricas giran en torno a las necesidades no solo del nino, sino tambien de sus cuidadores. Este manual del curso incluye capitulos sobre lo siguiente: * Desarrollo y evaluacion pediatrica * Emergencias respiratorias * Traumatismos * Shock y circulacion * Emergencias medicas pediatricas * Eventos cardiacos pediatricos * Urgencias toxicologicas * Maltrato infantil * Atencion obstetrica/de recien nacidos y anomalias congenitas * Menores con necesidades especiales de cuidado de la salud * Crisis de salud mental en pediatria

TASER (R) Conducted Electrical Weapons are rapidly replacing the club for law-enforcement control of violent subjects within many countries around the globe. A TASER CEW is a hand-held device that delivers a 400-volt pulse with a duration tuned to control the skeletal muscles without affecting the heart at a distance of up to 6.5 meters over tiny wires. If necessary, it begins with an arcing voltage of 50,000 V to penetrate thick clothing; the 50,000 V is never delivered to the body itself. Due to the widespread usage of these devices and the widespread misconceptions surrounding their operation, this book will have significant utility. This volume is written for cardiologists, emergency physicians, pathologists, law enforcement management, corrections personnel, and attorneys.

What are the human consequences of conflict and what are the appropriate service responses? This book seeks to provide an answer to these important questions, drawing on over twenty-five years of work by the author in Northern Ireland and elsewhere. Focusing on the work undertaken following the Omagh bombing, the book describes how needs were assessed and understood, how evidence-based services were put in place, and the training and education programmes that were developed to assist first those communities affected by the bombing and later the wider population affected by the years of conflict. The author places the mental-health needs of affected communities at the heart of the political and peace processes that follow. This is a practical book and will be of particular interest to those planning for and responding to conflict-related disasters, policy makers, service commissioners and providers, politicians, civil servants and peace makers. -- .

This book has been written by established Orthopedic Surgeons who have become dedicated specialists within their particular subspecialty. They have contributed by writing highly detailed chapters that educate the reader with the basic science, accepted fundamentals and most recent trends within the full range oftrauma management in orthopedics. It is intended that this well illustrated and highly informative text book to provide orthopedic surgeons in training with comprehensive and relevant core knowledge on all aspects oftrauma management orthopedics, and will become an essential guide for surgeons in training, providing step by step approaches to performing initial diagnosis, surgical procedures and post operative management. "

The Body Remembers, Volume 2: Revolutionizing Trauma Treatment continues the discussion begun more than fifteen years ago with the publication of the best-selling and beloved The Body Remembers: The Psychophysiology of Trauma and Trauma Treatment. This new book is grounded in the belief that the most important goal for any trauma treatment is to improve the quality of life of the client. Therefore, the first prerequisite is that the client be reliably stable and feel safe in his or her daily life as well as the therapy situation. To accomplish this, Babette Rothschild empowers both therapists and clients by expanding trauma treatment options. For clients who prefer not to review memories, or are unable to do so safely, new and expanded strategies and principles for trauma recovery are presented. And for those who wish to avail themselves of more typical trauma memory work, tools to make trauma memory resolution even safer are included. Being able to monitor and modulate a trauma client's dysregulated nervous system is one of the practitioner's best lines of defence against traumatic hyperarousal going amok-risking such consequences as dissociation and decompensation. Rothschild clarifies and simplifies autonomic nervous system (ANS) understanding and observation with her creation of an original full colour table that distinguishes six levels of arousal. Included in this table (and the discussion that accompanies it) is a new and essential distinction between trauma-induced hypoarousal and the low arousal that is caused by lethargy or depression. Combining an authoritative yet personal voice, Rothschild gives clinicians the space to recognise where they may have made mistakes-by sharing her own!-as well as a road map towards more effective practice in the future. This book is absolutely essential reading for anyone working with those who have experienced trauma. The full colour ANS table is also available from W.W. Norton as a laminated desk reference and a wall poster suitable for framing so this valuable therapeutic tool will always be at hand.