Designed to provide engineers with quick access to current and practical information on the dynamics of structure and foundation, this unique work, consisting of two separately available volumes, serves as a complete reference, especially for those involved with earthquake or dynamic analysis, or the design of machine foundations in the oil, gas, and energy sector. This first volume deals with theories and formulations, covering the full range of topics involved and dynamics of structure and foundation. It specifically focuses on a unified approach in dealing with dynamic soul-structure interaction and geotechnical considerations for dynamic soil-structure interaction. The authors present new insights and theories, such as the computation of Rayleigh damping for structures with a large number of degrees of freedom, and the dynamic analysis of Hammer foundations, considering non-classical soil damping. In a clear style, this well-illustrated column addresses detailed topics, grouped in the following major themes: Elasticity and numerical methods in engineering Lumped parameter vibration Soil-structure systems under static load Structural and soil dynamics This reference and design guide is intended for academics and professionals in civil and structural engineering involved with earthquake or dynamic analysis or the design of machine foundations. In combination with Volume 2: Applications (ISBN 9780415492232), it could be used as course material for advanced university and professional education in structural dynamics, soil dynamics, analysis and design of machined foundations, and earthquake engineering.

For many astronomers, Adaptive Optics is something like a dream coming true. Sinee 1609 and the first observations of celestial bodies performed with the help of an optieal teleseope, astronomers have always fighted to improve the 'resolving power' of their instruments. For a long time, engineers have trimmed the optieal quality of the teleseopes, until they finally reaehed the barrier set by the atmospherie turbulence, a few seconds of are. At that point, the intrinsic quality of the site beeame a major issue to establish new observatories with modern telescopes, and astronomers started to desert the urban skies and to migrate toward mountains and deserts. This quest has been sueeessful and a few privileged sites, where the average natural 'seeing' is close to 0. 5," are now hosting clusters of giant telescopes of the 4 m and soon 10 m class. Yet, this atmospherie limit corresponds in the visible wavelength range to the diffraetion limit of a 20 em telescope only. The loss was severe: a faetor 20 in angular and several hundred in peak energy eoncentration, i. e. in deteetivity of resolution very faint objeets. In the beginning of the seventies, two doors half opened to provide a way out of this dead-end. First, the technique of speckle interferometry (and its various related developments) has allowed to restore the diffraetion limit of large telescopes at visible and infrared wavelengths (see, e. g.

Optics and Lasers is an introduction to applied optics, covering elementary ray and wave optics as well as lasers, holography, fibers, optical waveguides, integrated optics, and quantum noise. Further chapters deal with the physical principles of optical instruments, light sources, and detectors. Numerous examples and exercises with complete solutions help the readers to deepen their knowledge.This completely revised and enlarged edition is intended for advanced undergraduates in laser physics and engineering but will also be helpful for active scientists.

This book collects a series of review articles summarizing the outcomes of collaborative research projects on the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake and the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, two of the largest and most disastrous earthquakes in Asia in the last two decades. The articles cover a broad range of aspects,including these earthquakes' fundamental mechanisms, kinematics, and the geological and geophysical background of their fracture faults. Presenting comprehensive coverage, the book offers a valuable reference guide to these two devastating earthquakes.

This new volume in the Poincare Seminar Series, describing recent developments at the interface between physics and biology, is directed towards a broad audience of physicists, biologists, and mathematicians. Both the theoretical and experimental aspects are covered, and particular care is devoted to the pedagogical nature of the presentations. The first survey article, by Jean-Francois Joanny and Jacques Prost, describes the theoretical advances made in the study of "active gels," with applications to liquid crystals and cell motility. Jasper van der Gucht and Cecile Sykes then report on recent advances made with biomimetic model systems in the understanding of cytokinesis. The next article, by Jonathon Howard, presents several molecular models for motor proteins, which are compared with experimental results for kinesin. David Lacoste and Kirone Mallick then show theoretically that similar ratchet models of motor proteins naturally satisfy a fundamental time-reversal symmetry, the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation relation. Jean-Francois Allemand, David Bensimon and Vincent Croquette and their coauthors describe the latest advances made in the real-time single molecule study of the enzymes involved in DNA replication. Raymond E. Goldstein addresses the problem of understanding, from a physics perspective, the driving forces behind the biological evolution of multicellularity, using Volvocine algae as model organisms. Stanislas Dehaene finally addresses the major challenge of understanding the neuronal mechanism of consciousness, and speculates on the possible theoretical explanations of MRI experiments.

As the growth of the world's population requires the continued search for residential space, the urbanization of natural lands is an inevitable process, but that process does not have to be one that is accomplished without regard for environmental quality. This book presents the unique perspective of naturbanization, the urbanization of protected and highly valued natural spaces that are geographically removed from current urban centers. It discusses the search and selection of new residential spaces, economic planning and policy in such areas, environmentally sensitive construction, and public investment in infrastructure to make the areas more accessible and habitable.

Specifically, the book analyzes naturbanization as it is occurring in National Parks located along the European Union borders. Recent declarations have made the parks more accessible to development and consequently they are serving as models for ways to reach workable solutions and encourage the sort of economic development that will satisfy both developers and environmentalists

Der Blick zu den Sternen.- Ovids gewoelbter Himmel.- Der Sonnenwagen.- Jupiter und Kallisto.- Jupiter und Europa.- Perseus und Andromeda.- Der Sternenhimmel im Jahreskreis.- Der Himmel im Fruhling.- Sternzug: "Deichsellinie bis Spica".- Der Himmel im Sommer.- Sternzuge: "Funfsternreihe" und "Grosses Dreieck".- Der Himmel im Herbst.- Sternzug: "Kolurlinie".- Der Himmel im Winter.- Sternzuge: "Grosser Wagen und Polarstern" und "Grosses Sechseck um Orion".- Himmelskarten fur das ganze Jahr.- Tabellen.- Karten.- Sternbilder und uberliefertes Wissen.- Adler.- Andromeda.- Barenhuter.- Becher.- Delphin.- Drache.- Fische.- Fuhrmann.- Grosser Bar.- Grosser Hund.- Hase.- Herkules.- Jungfrau.- Kassiopeia.- Kleiner Bar.- Kleiner Hund.- Krebs.- Leier.- Loewe.- Noerdliche Krone.- Noerdliche Wasserschlange.- Orion.- Pegasus.- Perseus.- Rabe.- Schlange, Schlangentrager.- Schutze.- Schwan.- Skorpion.- Steinbock.- Stier.- Waage.- Walfisch.- Wassermann.- Widder.- Zwillinge.- Wissenschaftliche Bilder.- Das Universum antiker Astronomen.- Beobachtung der Sonne.- Beobachtung der Sterne.- Die Bewegung der Sonne vor dem Fixsternhintergrund.- Die Deutung der Beobachtungen als Zwei-Kugel-Universum.- Die Bewegung von Planeten vor dem Fixsternhintergrund.- Kopernikanisches Universum.- Die Philosophie der Bilder.- Das naturwissenschaftliche Bild.- Zeiten "normaler Wissenschaft".- Selbst und Sein.- Quellen und weiterfuhrende Literatur.- Quellenhinweise.- Schrifttum.- Fruhe Quellen uber Sternbilder und Mythen.- Menschen, Goetter und Damonen.- Namen und Kurzbeschreibungen.- AEhnliche oder nahezu aquivalente Gottheiten.- Symbole, Kennzeichen und Eigenschaften.- Funktion, Tatigkeit und Aufgabe.- Die Lage des Mondes und der Planeten auf der Ekliptik.- Himmelskarten und besondere Objekte.- Danksagung.- International gebrauchliche Fachbezeichnungen und Sternbildabkurzungen.- Verzeichnis der Sterne und Sternbilder.- Verzeichnis zur Mythologie.- Gesamtverzeichnis.

Multifrequency Electromagnetic Data Interpretation for Subsurface Characterization focuses on the development and application of electromagnetic measurement methodologies and their interpretation techniques for subsurface characterization. The book guides readers on how to characterize and understand materials using electromagnetic measurements, including dielectric permittivity, resistivity and conductivity measurements. This reference will be useful for subsurface engineers, petrophysicists, subsurface data analysts, geophysicists, hydrogeologists, and geoscientists who want to know how to develop tools and techniques of electromagnetic measurements and interpretation for subsurface characterization.

The International Congress on Energy Efficiency and Energy Related Materials (ENEFM2013) was held on 9-12 October, 2013. This three-day congress focused on the latest developments of sustainable energy technologies, materials for sustainable energy applications and environmental & economic perspectives of energy. These proceedings include 63 peer reviewed technical papers, submitted from leading academic and research institutions from over 23 countries, representing some of the most cutting edge research available. The papers included were presented at the congress in the following sessions: General Issues Wind Energy Solar Energy Nuclear Energy Biofuels and Bioenergy Energy Storage Energy Conservation and Efficiency Energy in Buildings Economical and Environmental Issues Environment Energy Requirements Economic Development Materials for Sustainable Energy Hydrogen Production and Storage Photovoltaic Cells Thermionic Converters Batteries and Superconductors Phase Change Materials Fuel Cells Superconductors

Optical Components for Communications is an incomparable book that provides the reader with an understanding of a highly technical subject in a way that is both academically sound and easy to read. Readers with a fundamental understanding of physics from an undergraduate degree will find Dr. Lin's explanation of the principles of quantum physics and optics in this book easy to grasp. This book is also exceptional in its ability to span a subject from the very abstract, fundamental principles of operations to the very specific real world applications of the technology.

Solar-Terrestrial Physics: The Study of Mankind's Newest Frontier Solar-Terrestrial Physics (STP) has been around for 100 years. However, it only became known as a scientific discipline under that name when the physical domain studied by STP became accessible to in situ observation and measurement by man or man-made instruments. Indeed, it was STP that provided the initial scientific driving force for the launching of man-made devices into extra-terrestrial space during the International Geophysical Year - aided of course by the genetically engrained drive of humans to expand their frontiers of knowledge, influence and dominance. We may define STP as the discipline dealing with the variable components of solar corpuscular and electromagnetic emissions, the physical processes governing their sources and their propagation through interplanetary space, and the physical-chemical processes related to their interaction with the Earth and other bodies in interplanetary space. Much of STP deals with fully-or partially-ionized gas flows and related energy, momentum and mass transfer in what now appears as one single system made up of distinct but strongly interacting parts, reaching from the photosphere out to the confines of the heliopause, engulfing planets and other solar system bodies, and dipping deep into 6 the Earth's atmosphere.

SEEING THE UNSEEN. GEOPHYSICS AND LANDSCAPE ARCHAEOLOGY is a collection of papers presented at the advanced XV International Summer School in Archaeology ?Geophysics for Landscape Archaeology? (Grosseto, Italy, 10-18 July 2006). Bringing together the experience of some of the world's greatest experts in the field of archaeological prospection, the focus of this book is not so much on the analysis of single buried structures, but more on researching the entire landscape in all its multi-period complexity.

The book is divided into two parts. The first part concentrates on the theoretical basis of the various methods, illustrated for the most part through case-studies and practical examples drawn from a variety of geographical and cultural contexts. The second part focuses on the work carried out in the field during the Summer School. Tutors and students took part in the intensive application of the principal techniques of geophysical prospecting (magnetometry, EM, ERT and ground-penetrating radar) to locate, retrieve, process and interpret data for a large Roman villa-complex near Grosseto.

SEEING THE UNSEEN. GEOPHYSICS AND LANDSCAPE ARCHAEOLOGY provides a clear illustration of the remarkable potential of geophysical methods in the study of ancient landscapes, and will be usefull to Archaeologists, Geophysicists, Environmental scientists, and those involved in the management of cultural heritage.

Art interprets the visible world. Physics charts its unseen workings. The two realms seem completely opposed. But consider that both strive to reveal truths for which there are no words--with physicists using the language of mathematics and artists using visual images. In Art & Physics, Leonard Shlain tracks their breakthroughs side by side throughout history to reveal an astonishing correlation of visions. From the classical Greek sculptors to Andy Warhol and Jasper Johns, and from Aristotle to Einstein, artists have foreshadowed the discoveries of scientists, such as when Monet and Cezanne intuited the coming upheaval in physics that Einstein would initiate. In this lively and colorful narrative, Leonard Shlain explores how artistic breakthroughs could have prefigured the visionary insights of physicists on so many occasions throughout history. Provicative and original, Art & Physics is a seamless integration of the romance of art and the drama of science--and an exhilarating history of ideas.

This book, a selection of the papers presented at the 2nd World Congress for Electricity and Magnetism, provides state-of-the-art information on applications of electricity and electromagnetic fields on living organisms, especially man.

Whatdoasupernovaexplosioninouterspace, ?owaroundanairfoil and knocking in combustion engines have in common? The physical and chemical mechanisms as well as the sizes of these processes are quite di?erent. So are the motivations for studying them scienti?cally. The super- 8 nova is a thermo-nuclear explosion on a scale of 10 cm. Astrophysicists try to understand them in order to get insight into fundamental properties of the universe. In ?ows around airfoils of commercial airliners at the scale of 3 10 cm shock waves occur that in?uence the stability of the wings as well as fuel consumption in ?ight. This requires appropriate design of the shape and structure of airfoils by engineers. Knocking occurs in combustion, a chemical 1 process, and must be avoided since it damages motors. The scale is 10 cm and these processes must be optimized for e?ciency and environmental conside- tions. The common thread is that the underlying ?uid ?ows may at a certain scale of observation be described by basically the same type of hyperbolic s- tems of partial di?erential equations in divergence form, called conservation laws. Astrophysicists, engineers and mathematicians share a common interest in scienti?c progress on theory for these equations and the development of computational methods for solutions of the equations. Due to their wide applicability in modeling of continua, partial di?erential equationsareamajor?eldofresearchinmathematics. Asubstantialportionof mathematical research is related to the analysis and numerical approximation of solutions to such equations. Hyperbolic conservation laws in two or more spacedimensionsstillposeoneofthemainchallengestomodernmathematics

These proceedings present selected research papers from CSNC 2018, held during 23rd-25th May in Harbin, China. The theme of CSNC 2018 is Location, Time of Augmentation. These papers discuss the technologies and applications of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and the latest progress made in the China BeiDou System (BDS) especially. They are divided into 12 topics to match the corresponding sessions in CSNC 2018, which broadly covered key topics in GNSS. Readers can learn about the BDS and keep abreast of the latest advances in GNSS techniques and applications.

Riccardo Giacconi Harvard/Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics The meeting of the High Energy Astrophysics Division of the American Astronomical Society, held in Cambridge, Massachusetts on January 28- 30, 1980, marks the coming of age of X-ray astronomy. In the 18 years since the discovery of the first extrasolar X-ray source, Sco X-l, the field has experienced an extremely rapid instrumentation development culminating with the launch on November 13, 1978 of the Einstein Ob servatory (HEAO-2) which first introduced the use of high resolution imaging telescopes to the study of galactic and extragalactic X-ray sources. The Einstein Observatory instruments can detect sources as faint as 10-7 Sco X-lor about 17 magnitudes fainter. The technological developments in the field have been paralleled by a host of new discoveries: in the early 1960's the detection of 9 "X-ray stars," objects 10 times more luminous in X-rays than the Sun and among the brightest stellar objects at all wavelengths; in the late 1960's and early 1970's the discovery of the nature of such systems which were identified as collapsed stars (neutron stars and black holes) in mass exchange binary systems, and the detection of the first few extragalactic sources."

IAU symposium 165 'Compact Stars in Binaries' was held from 15 through 19 August 1994, as part of the 22nd General Assembly of the IAU in The Hague. The symposium, supported by IAU Commissions 35,37,44 and 48, and co-sponsored by Commission 42, was attended by about 400 to 500 participants. This symposium received support from: - The International Astronomical Union; - The Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences; - The Netherlands Ministery of Education and Science; - The Leids Kerkhoven Bosscha Fonds; - The Stichting Fysica. The field of compact stars in binaries is one of the most active areas of present-day astrophysics. An absolute highlight of the last few years was the 1993 Nobel Prize of physics, awarded to Taylor and Hulse for their discovery of the binary pulsar PSR 1913+ 16, and the measurement of the orbital decay of this system due to the emission of gravitational waves. The aim of the organizers of the symposium was to present an overview of the most significant observational discoveries of the past decade, in com bination with a review of the most important theoretical developments. We were very happy that most of the world's leading experts in observation and theory were present at the symposium to review the various aspects of the subject. The contents of their oral presentations are now published in the form of these proceedings, which we expect to become an important source of reference for the coming years."

Faster than light - Einstein's relativity is on its way down. It's a Newtonian universe once again.

Quantum Mechanics, Cell-Cell Signaling, and Evolution offers a detailed accounting of the latest research and theorizing on the integration of quantum physics with biological action to produce a novel perspective on evolution. The book advocates for a paradigm shift towards understanding biology and medicine causally as predictive sciences, presenting quantum mechanics and physiology as vertically integrated. The author has taken a unique approach to the question of how and why evolution occurred. The account is based on extensive knowledge of lipid physical chemistry, and its role in the evolution of the lung under the influence of hormonal effects on structure and function. The title arranges lipid biochemistry and biophysics into an integrated explanation, guiding readers from the immersion of lipids in water as the origin of life, to lung surfactant in alveolar homeostasis, and leading to a new understanding of how consciousness interacts with the laws of nature. This volume argues for a novel understanding of evolutionary processes based on fundamental science and positions itself as seeking consilience among research disciplines. Starting from the origins of the cosmos, the author proceeds through nucleosynthesis and Endosymbiosis Theory, to finally describe consciousness in relation to natural law.

This book is a collection of original papers presented at the International Conference on Computational Mathematics in Nanoelectronics and Astrophysics (CMNA 2018) held at the Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India, from 1 to 3 November 2018. It aims at presenting recent developments of computational mathematics in nanoelectronics, astrophysics and related areas of space sciences and engineering. These proceedings discuss the most advanced innovations, trends and real-world challenges encountered and their solutions with the application of computational mathematics in nanoelectronics, astrophysics and space sciences. From focusing on nano-enhanced smart technological developments to the research contributions of premier institutes in India and abroad on ISRO's future space explorations-this book includes topics from highly interdisciplinary areas of research. The book is of interest to researchers, students and practising engineers working in diverse areas of science and engineering, ranging from applied and computational mathematics to nanoelectronics, nanofabrications and astrophysics.

This book presents the proceedings of the IVth Azores International Advanced School in Space Sciences entitled "Asteroseismology and Exoplanets: Listening to the Stars and Searching for New Worlds". The school addressed the topics at the forefront of scientific research being conducted in the fields of asteroseismology and exoplanetary science, two fields of modern astrophysics that share many synergies and resources. These proceedings comprise the contributions from 18 invited lecturers, including both monographic presentations and a number of hands-on tutorials.

This NATO AS was the third in the series of Advanced Study Institutes on neutron stars, which started with 'Timing Neutron Stars', held in Qe me near izmir, Turkey (April 1988), followed by 'Neutron Stars, an Interdis ciplinary Subject', held in Agia Pelagia on the island of Crete (September 1990). The first school centered on our main observational access to neu tron stars, i. e. the timing of radio pulsars and accretion powered neutron stars, and on what timing of neutron stars teaches us of their structure and environment. The second school had as its theme the interplay between diverse areas of physics which find interesting, even exotic applications in the extreme conditions of neutron stars and their magnetospheres. As the field has developed, with the number of observed neutron stars rapidly in creasing, and our knowledge of many individual neutron stars getting deeper and more detailed, an evolutionary picture of neutron stars has started to emerge. This led us to choose 'The Lives of the Neutron Stars' as the uni fying theme of this third Advanced Study Institute on neutron stars. Different types of neutron star activity have been proposed to follow one another in stages during the lives of neutron stars in the same basic population; the evolutionary connection between low-mass X-ray binaries and millisecond radio pulsars is perhaps the prime example."

This book examines different classical and modern aspects of geophysical data processing and inversion with emphasis on the processing of seismic records in applied seismology.

Chapter 1 introduces basic concepts including: probability theory (expectation operator and ensemble statistics), elementary principles of parameter estimation, Fourier and z-transform essentials, and issues of orthogonality. In Chapter 2, the linear treatment of time series is provided. Particular attention is paid to Wold decomposition theorem and time series models (AR, MA, and ARMA) and their connection to seismic data analysis problems. Chapter 3 introduces concepts of Information theory and contains a synopsis of those topics that are used throughout the book. Examples are entropy, conditional entropy, Burg's maximum entropy spectral estimator, and mutual information. Chapter 4 provides a description of inverse problems first from a deterministic point of view, then from a probabilistic one. Chapter 5 deals with methods to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic records. Concepts from previous chapters are put in practice for designing prediction error filters for noise attenuation and high-resolution Radon operators. Chapter 6 deals with the topic of deconvolution and the inversion of acoustic impedance. The first part discusses band-limited extrapolation assuming a known wavelet and considers the issue of wavelet estimation. The second part deals with sparse deconvolution using various 'entropy' type norms. Finally, Chapter 7 introduces recent topics of interest to the authors.

The emphasis of this book is on applied seismology but researchers in the area of global seismology, and geophysical signal processing and inversion will find material that is relevant to the ubiquitous problem of estimating complex models from a limited number of noisy observations.
* Non-conventional approaches to data processing and inversion are presented
* Important problems in the area of seismic resolution enhancement are discussed
* Contains research material that could inspire graduate students and their supervisors to undertake new research directions in applied seismology and geophysical signal processing