This book explores how the concept of "competition", which is usually associated with market economies, operated under state socialism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, where the socialist system, based on command economic planning and state-centred control over society, was supposed to emphasise "co-operation", rather than competitive mechanisms. The book considers competition in a wider range of industries and social fields across the Soviet bloc, and shows how the gradual adoption and adaptation of Western practices led to the emergence of more open competitiveness in socialist society. The book includes discussion of the state's view of competition, and focuses especially on how competition operated at the grassroots level. It covers politico-economic reforms and their impact, both overall and at the enterprise level; competition in the cultural sphere; and the huge effect of increasing competition on socialist ways of thinking.

Stop feeling overwhelmed by data and start using it to its full potential, to create an agile and forward-looking strategy that enables customer-centric marketing, builds your brand and develops product strategies. Many brands talk about creating a marketing strategy powered by data, analytics and metrics. Yet too often they're still overwhelmed by data, or unsure of how to use it to create a flexible and future-focused strategy that doesn't just validate what's happened in the past. Marketing Metrics takes readers through all the stages of implementing a data-first strategy, from early-stage adoption to more advanced customization. Featuring examples from a range of organizations including Coca-Cola and Mercedes-Benz, it shows how to create a strategy which leverages consumer data for customer-centric marketing, establishes the ROI of channels and campaigns, strengthens brands and creates data-driven product strategies. Covering the range of new global laws that impact consumer privacy and data collection and usage, Marketing Metrics shows how to use data in a non-invasive, secure and ethical way. Also showing how to communicate critical data to the right stakeholders and the skills of the data-savvy marketer, this is a clear and jargon-free guide to creating a future-focused and data-powered marketing strategy.

The Japanese market is an attractive and challenging one. It is essential for foreign companies wanting to establish a growing presence to build operations which are suited to the Japanese. This book focuses on three particular areas: the labour market, the workplace and the market-place. The management of human resources plays an important part in a company's image in the market. A strong corporate presence is vital to inspire confidence among consumers and the career opportunities and job stability offered by a company reflect its strength. Using case studies and covering topics such as the labour market, corporate organization, decision making and business transactions, this book outlines the way the Japanese organize their companies; it analyzes the approach of foreign firms and stresses the strategies they should adopt to enhance their competitive image. The comprehensive analysis of the Japanese work environment together with its focus on foreign competition will make the book essential reading for all those interested in international business, human resources, marketing and Japanese studies.

Stop feeling overwhelmed by data and start using it to its full potential, to create an agile and forward-looking strategy that enables customer-centric marketing, builds your brand and develops product strategies. Many brands talk about creating a marketing strategy powered by data, analytics and metrics. Yet too often they're still overwhelmed by data, or unsure of how to use it to create a flexible and future-focused strategy that doesn't just validate what's happened in the past. Marketing Metrics takes readers through all the stages of implementing a data-first strategy, from early-stage adoption to more advanced customization. Featuring examples from a range of organizations including Coca-Cola and Mercedes-Benz, it shows how to create a strategy which leverages consumer data for customer-centric marketing, establishes the ROI of channels and campaigns, strengthens brands and creates data-driven product strategies. Covering the range of new global laws that impact consumer privacy and data collection and usage, Marketing Metrics shows how to use data in a non-invasive, secure and ethical way. Also showing how to communicate critical data to the right stakeholders and the skills of the data-savvy marketer, this is a clear and jargon-free guide to creating a future-focused and data-powered marketing strategy.

The key to retaining competitive advantage in a volatile business world is agility. The third edition of The Agile Organization shows how to develop capabilities across the organization to adapt. With helpful checklists, tips and advice, this is a practical blueprint to building both agility and resilience at individual, team and organizational levels. It covers how to design agile organizations as well as how to implement agile models into existing organizations and people practices. There is guidance on how agility can be applied to talent management, flexible working patterns and the importance of mobilizing and energizing employees for change. This edition contains new material on agile mindsets and enterprise agile planning, alongside how hybrid forms of working can enhance resilience. There is also extended material on how inclusion and wellbeing initiatives can support individual resilience and innovation to improve performance across the organization. Case studies include ING, the University of California, Berkeley, the UK National Health Service (NHS) and SNC-Lavalin's Atkins business. This book is an essential read for HR and OD specialists, senior leaders and managers who want transform their organization and build an agile business.

Global competition now shapes economies and societies in ways unimaginable only a few years ago, and laws shape and maintain global competition, determining how effective global markets are and how they distribute benefits and harms. Competition (or "antitrust") law plays a central role in this framework of law. These laws are intended to protect the competitive process from distortion and restraint, and in the domestic context, they embody and reflect the relationships between markets, their participants and those affected by them.
On the global level, however, competition law is provided by those players that have sufficient "power" to apply their laws transnationally. In practice, this means that the US and the EU generally provide the competition law principles for global competition. This book examines this important and controversial aspect of globalization.
Part I examines the evolution of the current system of competition law for global markets, the factors that have shaped it, and how it operates today. There was once a widespread belief that harm to global competition was an international problem that should be addressed through international coordination, but the Cold War submerged this ideal and led to the current system. Since the 1990s efforts have been made to develop transnational cooperation in this area, but the basic system remains in place. The evolution and operation of this system cannot be understood without understanding the factors in national experience that have shaped them.
The second part of the book focuses on these national experiences and the roles they have played in the evolution of the global system. It examines US and Europeanexperience as well as the experience of the newer players such as China that will necessarily play major roles in the future.
Finally, the book examines the potential for creating a system that functions more effectively and provides more support for global economic and political development. Drawing on parts I and II and on social science as well as legal literature, it identifies the factors that will play a role in moving towards a more effective legal framework for global competition and suggests a pathway for needed reforms.

The Brand-Driven CEO demonstrates how senior leadership can use their brand to align and guide the behaviors, decisions, and operations of their entire organization in order to drive value. David Kincaid delivers practical assessments and game plans for senior executives and managers across functional areas, clarifying the confusion between brand and marketing management. He introduces the "New 4Ps" of brand management: People, Process, Intellectual Property, and Partnerships. This paradigm shift equips business leaders with a new approach to managing growth, profitability, risk, and sustainable value. Using real-life, current case studies from today's fastest growing and most valuable brands - including Starbucks, Apple, and BMW - this book reveals the critical importance of managing big businesses as integrated business systems. The Brand-Driven CEO includes criteria to conduct your own brand self-assessment and a stepby-step roadmap that can be applied to help transform your brand and its management.

Entrepreneurial ecosystems require business model innovation as part of their evolution. This means when discussing any form of entrepreneurship that involves change, we should consider the role of business models. Strategic Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Business Model Innovation is the first collection to focus both on entrepreneurial ecosystems and business model innovation, thereby taking a novel and new approach to entrepreneurship and strategic management. Whilst the research on entrepreneurial ecosystems is new the practice has been around for a long time. This means it is important to consider historical developments of entrepreneurial ecosystems with new trends in the form of digitalization. Recognising the need to stress the way business models have altered because of the increase in the knowledge economy, business model innovation is a useful way to consider how entrepreneurial ecosystems develop based on knowledge exchanged in the global business environment. Each chapter of this edited collection focuses on a different area of interest regarding entrepreneurial ecosystems and business model innovation, fusing the literature of both streams of thought in terms of how entrepreneurship evolves based on contextual change.

Create and apply responsive and adaptive marketing principles and practices with this guide to redesigning marketing structures, processes and culture, to be fit for purpose in today's changeable environment. Agile Marketing is an essential and practical roadmap to transforming your marketing by applying agile principles at scale and overcoming mindset and culture challenges to enable greater efficiency and quicker response times. Covering areas such as putting data and automation at the centre of agility, measuring success and creating and maintaining space for innovation, it features a range of invaluable frameworks, practical guidance and insightful examples from organizations such as Dell and Pepsi. Written by a recognized agile expert and marketing thought-leader who has worked with marketing teams in some of the largest global organizations, Agile Marketing also explores how to empower high-performing marketing teams and develop and pivot agile campaigns and content. Featuring tips and tools throughout and a step-by-step agile marketing transformation blueprint, it is a crucial resource for creating effective and streamlined marketing today and into the future.

SMEs (small and medium sized enterprises) comprise 99% of all businesses in the UK, account for 55% of non-governmental jobs and provide 51% of the national turnover. Competitive Advantage in SMEs, Organising for Innovation and Change draws on the experience of staff at Manchester Metropolitan University, focusing on how smaller firms can improve company performance to create and sustain long-term competitive advantage.

The book draws on up-to-date empirical data and the latest research to illustrate ways in which SMEs can become:

The union of Western Europe poses many complex and technical obstacles. Analysing the advantages as well as the difficulties, the book discusses competition and the nature and direction of the increased pressures it brings to bear upon entrepreneurial activity, through which the effects of economic union will mostly be felt.

Dealing with general economic theory, other than employment theory, the book discusses the theory of pure and monopolistic competition - with a special emphasis upon welfare aspects. Beginning with an analysis of the consumer and of the individual firm, the main stress is nevertheless placed on the analysis of the economic system as a whole.

In business, there is a moment when everyone has to make a pitch; it might be your own personal OK Corral, when the consequences of failure are too painful to even contemplate, but it will always be an occasion where the outcome really matters. Brilliant Pitch will equip people to tackle pitch situations (however tough), improve their own skills and, importantly, leave them enthused about the idea of pitching and looking forward to the next one. It will do so first by outlining how to approach any pitch, then how to tailor the approach in different situations. There are secrets from the masters. There are pitch stories. (Such as the agency which pitched to British Rail, and deliberately kept them waiting in reception for an hour, with bad refreshments and no explanation for the delay...) The book brings the process to life, rather than simply listing things to do. It shows readers how they, too, can become great at pitching. Brilliant outcomes: It eliminates the possibility of doing a 'bad' pitch It will help readers get the content and preparation spot on by focusing on the needs of the audience. It will help give readers tons of confidence so they'll not only deliver brilliant pitches, but they'll be eager to pitch time and time again.

Organization Development (OD) is key to ensuring that organizations and their people can adapt to and engage in ongoing change in today's fast-paced and competitive world. How can those responsible for managing change determine the most appropriate course of action for their organization's needs and maximize capability? Written by two of the leading experts in the field, Organization Development is an essential guide to the theories, practices, tools and techniques for achieving success. It explores the role of HR in relation to OD, and connected areas such as organization design, building organizational agility and resilience, and culture change. Alongside international case studies from organizations including Ernst & Young, Nationwide, Lockheed Martin and the University of Sheffield, UK, this revised third edition of Organization Development contains new chapters on building an adaptive culture of learning and innovation and organization health and 'use of self'. With fresh material on digitization, OD in SMEs, and competence profiles, this is an indispensable handbook to understanding, communicating and implementing organization development approaches for both experienced practitioners and students.

A comprehensive examination of the ways competition and innovations level the playing field in the free market The Economics of Competition uses the South African pharmaceutical industry as a case study to cogently challenge accepted economic and regulatory views on competition and monopoly, then re-establishes and emphasizes the importance of foundational economic principles. The book comprehensively explores the concept that monopoly is self-limiting within unrestricted competition, as well as the various market features of competition, innovation, and market power. This detailed examination broadens understanding of the economics of competition for both scholars and practitioners. Competition is seen as a continuous process in a free market. The Economics of Competition thoughtfully explores the competitive process in its two mechanisms, the transfer of market share from one rival to another, and innovation of a new product, new method of production, new market opening, or new source of supply of raw materials. The dynamic nature of the marketplace is thoroughly examined from the author's inside view of the South African pharmaceutical industry. This provides a rare opportunity to closely examine an industry considered to be a monopoly while actively applying economic theories of competition and freedom of choice. The effects of public policy, legislation, and pricing regulations are discussed in detail. The book has several tables and figures to enhance clarity and is extensively referenced. The Economics of Competition discusses: * monopoly and rivalry in the free market * theories of perfect competition * innovation as a controlling variable * pricing and price differentiation * barriers to competitionincluding historical and contemporary legislative barriers * horizontal mergers and acquisitions as a key aspect of market power * and more!The Economics of Competition is insightful, thought-provoking reading for policymakers as well as anyone practising antitrust law, microeconomics, industrial economics, managerial economics, marketing strategy, theoretical public health, and students and educators of marketing and economics.

The Emerging U.S. Health Care System
The first comprehensive assessment of the new managed care and its potential for addressing the health delivery problems facing the nation.
--Stephen M. Shortell, A. C. Buehler, Distinguished Professor of Health Services Management and professor of organization behavior, J. L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University
A distinguished group of sixteen health care experts identify and assess the challenges and opportunities raised by the U.S.'s emerging competitive health care system. This timely book looks at the managed forms of care that are thriving in today's competitive bottom line
environment. A thoughtful commentary on the major trAnds in health care, this book provides a much needed resource for health care providers and government policymakers.

Selected Contents: 1. Competitive Strategy2. Managing by Competitive Theme3. Strategy-Specific Decision Making4. Performance-Based Measurement Systems5. Implementing the Strategy6. Strategy-Specific Decisions and Management Control Systems7. From Value Proposition to Outcomes8. Performance Measurements and the Multiple Products Firm9. Leadership and Strategy-Specific Decision Making

The advantages of airline competition to consumers are clearly apparent. Lower fares, greater choice, more frequent flights and a wider range of available services have all been evident when the entry of a new competitor has occurred. In many instances however, after an initial, relatively short-lived, period of aggressive competition the new entrant has either gone bankrupt or found a less stressful existence co-operating in some manner with the incumbent. In this wide-ranging book, the author looks at the competitive arena in the post-regulation era and especially focusses on deregulation's legacy; globalization in a bilateral world breaking the link between nationality and airlines. The book is of special interest to those members engaged in the Airline Industry, Regulatory Authorities and Government Departments of Transport and Industry. It will be of value to academic specialists in transport economics and public policy; MSc students and Institutes of Transport; pressure groups and the Travel and Tourism Industry.

Britain and France were the leading industrial nations in 18th-century Europe. This book examines the rivalry which existed between the two nations and the methods used by France to obtain the skilled manpower and technology which had given Britain the edge - particularly in the new coal-based technologies. Despite the British Act of 1719 which outlawed industrial espionage and technology transfer, France continued to bring key industrial workers from Britain and to acquire British machinery and production methods. Drawing on a mass of unpublished archival material, this book investigates the nature and application of British laws and the involvement of some major British industrialists in these issues, and discusses the extent to which French espionage had any real success. In the process it presents an in-depth understanding of 18th-century economies, and the cultures and bureaucracies which were so important in shaping economic life. Above all, the late John Harris saw the history of industrial espionage as 'one means of restoring the thoughts and activities of human beings to the centre stage of industrial history'. These are the stories of individuals - Holkers, Trudaines, Wilkinsons, or Milnes - and their impact on the world.

SHORTLISTED: CMI Management Book of the Year 2017 - Management Futures Category Understand how to drive business performance with your organizational data and analytics in the second edition of Data-Driven Organization Design. Using data and analytics is a key opportunity for businesses to transform performance and achieve success. With a data-driven approach, all the elements of the organizational system can be connected to design an environment in which people can excel and attain competitive advantage. Data-Driven Organization Design provides a practical framework for HR and organization design practitioners to build a baseline of data, set objectives, carry out fixed and dynamic process design, map competencies, and right-size the organization. It shows how to collect the right data, present it meaningfully and ask the most relevant questions of it to help complex, fluid organizations constantly evolve and meet moving objectives. This updated second edition contains new material on organizational planning and analysis, role design and job architecture, position management lifecycle and delta reporting. Alongside this, new case studies and examples will show how these approaches have been applied in practice. Whether planning a long-term transformation, a large redesign or an individual small project, Data-Driven Organization Design will demonstrate how to make the most of your organizational data and analytics to drive business performance.

The promotion of liberalised and deregulated markets by bilateral and multilateral aid donors, and by global institutions such as the WTO, has led to significant attention being paid to competition and regulatory reforms in developing economies. The process of reform involves the transfer and diffusion of market models derived from practice and theory in developed countries. However, in developing countries, regulation needs to do more than simply promote competitiveness and consumer interests: it also needs to ensure that the market nurtures development. By rigorously examining the numerous impacts of regulation, this book will help to fill a significant gap in the literature on economic and social development.The book draws together contributions from leading experts across a range of disciplines including economics, law, politics and governance, public management and business management. The authors begin with an extensive overview of the issues of regulation and competition in developing countries, and carefully illustrate the important themes and concepts involved. Using a variety of country and sector case studies, they move on to focus on the problems of applicability and adaptation that are experienced in the process of transferring best practice policy models from developed to developing countries. The book presents a clear agenda for further empirical research and is notable for its rigorous exploration of the links between theory and practice. Although there is substantial interest in competition and regulation, as yet there has been relatively little investigation of these issues in developing economies. This book redresses the balance and will be a valuable resource for researchers, academics, teachers and students interested in development economics and development studies. It will also be of great relevance for practitioners and policymakers working in the fields of competition policy and regulatory reform.

Societal Entrepreneurship and Competitiveness examines the role of society in the creation of entrepreneurial opportunities. As society undergoes demographic shifts, cultural change and technological advancement, the way individuals, companies and institutions see and react to entrepreneurship also diversifies. Chapters explore alternative dimensions of entrepreneurship by considering different societal components and assessing attitudes towards entrepreneurship, specifically in terms of competition. By focusing on competitiveness, the book provides new conceptual approaches to understanding societal entrepreneurship and considers future developments. Utilizing an international and interdisciplinary approach to examining contemporary societal entrepreneurship, the book includes research on areas such as student entrepreneurship within Australian Universities, technology-based entrepreneurship within Turkey, and microfinance and necessity entrepreneurship within Ghana. The book will benefit researchers working in the fields of sociology, anthropology and business management, and will develop practitioners' understanding of the impact society has on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behavior.

The decentralization of economic institutions in the West since the 1970s and in Eastern and Central Europe since 1989 is a significant and ongoing process which has implications for the nature of economic systems.This major new book explores the importance of institutions in economic systems and challenges the traditional assumption of antagonism between tendencies to centralize and tendencies to decentralize. An international group of authors from Europe and the US addresses different aspects of the centralization-decentralization issues including privatization, fiscal federalism, the recent experience of Russia and Eastern Europe, and the role of quasi-markets and non-profit organizations. Drawing on theoretical approaches and empirical material, they argue that the real achievement of efficiency requires the presence of certain key criteria in the structure of the market. Every move towards decentralization, such as privatization, is shown to entail counter-balancing moves towards centralization, such as the introduction of improved, central regulation. Economic Institutions, Markets and Competition will be welcomed for exploring the implications of centralization and decentralization in the transformation of economic systems and for emphasizing market structure as well as market competition.

This monograph addresses two problems surrounding the interpretation and application of Article 81 of the EC Treaty - what is competition and how does Article 81 ensure that competition is protected. After over 40 years of application and a period of modernisation, decentralisation, and reflection, it is possible to understand Article 81 and what it seeks to achieve. The monograph's aim is to reveal the intellectual order and rational structure underlying the law so as to enable the reader to understand Article 81 in a clear and rigorous manner. This is done by breaking Article 81 down into its constituent elements and examining the function that each element serves. Arguing that jurisdiction rests on a public/private distinction, both the substantive and the justificatory rules are cast to generate obligations appropriate for private actors to perform. Actors and activities falling within the scope of Article 81 are subject to the substantive element prohibiting contrived reductions in output. Since output reduction can co-exist with cost reduction/innovation, and that these latter features are desirable, cost reduction and innovation operate to justify infringement of the substantive obligation. Thus this monograph argues that output, cost and innovation are the only legitimate issues in an Article 81 analysis. It is in this sense that the monograph is concerned with the boundaries of Article 81 EC.

WHARTON on DYNAMIC COMPETITIVE STRATEGY

"A valuable contribution, this insightful book makes it clear that strategy is not a one-time search for a sustainable competitive advantage, but a continuous monitoring of the environment, consumers, and competitors with the object of making the right moves in a dynamically changing competitive landscape." —Philip Kotler S.C. Johnson & Sons Distinguished Professor of International Marketing J. L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management Northwestern University.

"An ambitious and welcomed effort at addressing strategy from an interdisciplinary perspective." —Professor Don Lehmann Columbia University Graduate School of Business.

"Wharton on Dynamic Competitive Strategy weaves together an unprecedented interdisciplinary analysis of competitive strategies that any global manager should consider indispensable reading...An impressive book." —Jon M. Huntsman, Sr. Chairman and CEO Huntsman Corporation.

"Provocative and meaningful . . . Provides an excellent framework for formulating strategy." —Sam Morasca Vice President, Marketing Shell Oil Products Company.

"A Rosetta stone for strategy. Read it and keep it by your side!" —Dale Moss Executive Vice President, Sales and Marketing USA British Airways, New York

The competitive challenges facing you are more complex and fast-moving than ever. This environment demands dynamic competitive strategies—strategies that anticipate and adjust to competitors' countermoves, shifting customer demands, and changes in the business world.

Wharton on Dynamic Competitive Strategy offers new perspectives on competitive strategy from a distinguished group of faculty at Wharton and other leading business schools around the world. This book presents the best insights from decades of research in key areas such as competitive strategy, simulations, game theory, scenario planning, public policy, and market-driven strategy. It represents the most cohesive collection of insights on strategy ever assembled by a leading school of business.

Developed for the thinking manager, Wharton on Dynamic Competitive Strategy provides deep insights into the true dynamics of competition. In contrast to popular, quick-fix formulas for strategic success, this book provides perspectives that will help you better understand the underlying dynamics of competitive interactions and make better strategic decisions in a rapidly changing and uncertain world.

The insights and approaches presented here are illustrated with real-world examples which demonstrate how these approaches can be applied to your strategic challenges.

These chapters will help you better address key strategic issues such as:

• Anticipating competitors' responses using game theory, simulations, scenario planning, conjoint analysis, and other tools—and designing the best strategy in light of these expected responses
• Planning for multiple rounds of competition in the way that chess players think through multiple moves
• Understanding how changes in technology and public policy or moves by competitors can undermine your current advantages or neutralize future advantages
• Broadening your range of options for reacting to moves by competitors
• Signaling and preempting rivals.

This groundbreaking new book will change your view of strategy and give you the tools you need to succeed in a dynamic and intensely challenging world.